WO2004078187A1 - Dried blood plasma product - Google Patents
Dried blood plasma product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004078187A1 WO2004078187A1 PCT/GB2004/000968 GB2004000968W WO2004078187A1 WO 2004078187 A1 WO2004078187 A1 WO 2004078187A1 GB 2004000968 W GB2004000968 W GB 2004000968W WO 2004078187 A1 WO2004078187 A1 WO 2004078187A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- sample
- dried
- fluidized bed
- drying
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/14—Blood; Artificial blood
- A61K35/16—Blood plasma; Blood serum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to reconstitutable dried blood plasma, processes for its preparation and reconstitution, and its medical and non-medical (e.g. research) uses.
- Plasma has a variety of important uses, for example: treatment of patients with burns, shock and coagulation disorders whether it is primary disease or post traumatic (accidental or surgical) . It is also used in the treatment of several immune disorders .
- Plasma is also processed to provide plasma components such as albumin which is mainly used to treat shock or burn victims. It is also of interest in cases of organ preservation as transplantation activity increases. Other plasma components include Factor VIII for the treatment of bleeding disorders .
- Health authorities and hospitals thus generally rely on a continuous collection, separation and storage of blood to meet their normal needs, and in order to maintain supplies at maximum levels, patients demanding blood products are routinely supplied with the oldest supplies still within their permitted storage times, i.e. supplies in sub-optimal condition. Where supplies are insufficient to meet demand, e.g. in the case of an event with many casualties or where an individual with a rare blood group is in need of large quantities of a compatible blood product, fresh supplies need to be transported from remote locations, thereby risking patients ' lives if opportunities for supply and transport are restricted.
- hospitals and health authorities risk having an inadequate supply of blood products available for transfusions .
- the hospitals and health authorities cannot rely upon being able to recruit donors and to collect sufficient blood within the necessary time - not least because the donors ' blood must be checked for any disease (e.g. HIV infection) before it is used.
- any disease e.g. HIV infection
- Coagulation factor concentrates are available as high purity freeze-dried powders and vacuum freeze-dried plasma is known but has the disadvantage of a relatively long drying time and thus high costs.
- the invention provides a fluidized bed dried blood plasma.
- the drying of this product is typically carried out at low to medium temperatures .
- the invention provides a process for the preparation of a fluidized bed dried blood plasma, said process comprising: obtaining a plasma sample from a mammalian subject; freezing said sample; granulating the frozen sample; sieving the granulated frozen sample to remove particles ⁇ 400 ⁇ m; preferably ⁇ 800 ⁇ m drying the sieved frozen sample in a fluidized bed dryer at a temperature between -5°C and -20°C; and optionally further drying said sieved sample in a fluidized bed drier at a temperature of -5°C to 45°C, preferably 0°C to 30°C, especially 10°C to 25°C.
- the invention provides a dried, reconstitutable biological product comprising fluidized bed dried blood plasma.
- the plasma Prior to freezing, the plasma can undergo antiviral chemical treatment, dialysis and/or removal of antibodies .
- the initial drying of the particulate is effected at a temperature in the range -5 to -20°C, especially -6 to -15°C, particularly -8 to -12°C, e.g. about -10°C.
- a subsequent higher temperature drying step may be used, e.g. at 10 to 25°C as mentioned above.
- a further drying phase at up to +45°C, more preferably up to +20°C may be undertaken.
- the duration of the drying process will depend upon the temperatures used but will preferably not exceed 10 hours.
- a drying period of up to 8 hours is preferred. Drying is preferably effected so as to achieve a total moisture content in the dried product of 1 to 20% wt, more preferably 2 to 17% wt, especially 5 to 12% wt , more especially 7 to 10% wt .
- conventional drying media e.g. air, nitrogen, etc.
- nitrogen, reduced oxygen content air, or noble gases e.g. air, nitrogen, etc.
- the gas pressure in the drying procedure is preferably within 10% of ambient air pressure.
- a drier in which the bed is fluidized mechanically, e.g. by counter-rotating parallel arms carrying screws or paddles.
- mechanically fluidized beds have been used for example in the polymer industry for impregnation of metallocene catalysts into particulate carriers (see for example patent applications from Borealis) .
- the gas pressure in the drier is preferably sub-ambient.
- a water-soluble protective polymer such as a polyether (eg a polyalkyleneoxide such as PEG) or a polysaccharide or a sugar (such as trehalose) or a "neutral" polypeptide (such as polyglycine) may be added to the plasma before drying is effected.
- a polyether eg a polyalkyleneoxide such as PEG
- a polysaccharide or a sugar such as trehalose
- a "neutral" polypeptide such as polyglycine
- the particles that result from the granulation step in the process of the invention are preferably in solid or gel form, particularly solid form.
- the particle size i.e. mode particle diameter
- the particle size is preferably in the range 0.05 to 5 mm, more preferably 0.4 to 3.4 mm, more especially 0.5 to 3 mm. Accordingly, if desired the particles may be graded (e.g. sieved) before use to select particles of the desired size. Substantial uniformity of particle size results in substantially uniform drying of the particles.
- a blood sample may be treated to produce the plasma by cell removal .
- This may be done by any suitable cell removal procedure, e.g. filtration.
- centrifugation is preferably used. Centrifugation is conventionally used following blood donation to produce blood cell concentrates and cell- free plasma which are separated before being stored.
- the cell removal step may involve several cycles of centrifugation, separation, dilution, centrifugation, etc .
- the plasma may be stored under refrigeration (e.g. 1 to 4°C) , typically for up to 35 days before further processing. However the plasma is preferably further processed with minimal delay, preferably no more than 7 days, more preferably no more than 24 hours.
- refrigeration e.g. 1 to 4°C
- While the invention is applicable to blood from all animals having a vascular system, it is especially applicable to mammalian blood, and in particular human blood.
- blood is preferably collected from healthy donors, e.g. using international recommendations from the relevant health authorities or, in Norway, from the Norwegian Health Ministry.
- the sample is then subjected to cell removal, e.g. using a conventional centrifuge.
- the resulting plasma may then be processed further immediately or stored under refrigeration (e.g. 1 to 4°C) , typically for up to five weeks before further processing.
- the dried particulate plasma is conveniently packaged into containers which are then sealed.
- the gas in the sealed containers is oxygen- free, e.g. nitrogen or helium.
- the sealed containers may be stored at ambient temperature but desirably are stored frozen or under refrigeration or freezing, e.g. -20 to +10°C, preferably -10 to +4°C.
- the dried plasma product may be reconstituted by- mixing with a sterile aqueous solution, preferably one which, in combination with the dried product, will yield a solution which is within 10% of being isoosmolar with normal fresh plasma.
- the invention provides a kit comprising a first container containing a dried particulate plasma according to the invention, and a second container containing a sterile physiologically tolerable aqueous reconstitution solution.
- the transfusion liquid contain more than one type of blood component, e.g. erythrocytes, platelets, and plasma proteins
- erythrocytes e.g. erythrocytes, platelets, and plasma proteins
- the combination may be brought together before or after reconstitution .
- the reconstituted samples 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 were analysed for activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) , IgG and albumin. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- APTT activated partial thromboplastin time
- Optical density readings - value of greater than 0.1 indicates presence of antibodies.
- Ref T-F is the reference taken from plasma that was thawed and froze (i.e. the type of sample that would be used for vacuum freeze drying) and "Ref Gran” signifies the reference taken from plasma that was granulated while frozen. Neither type of reference sample had been dried.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002518091A CA2518091A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Dried blood plasma product |
EP04718344A EP1610801A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Dried blood plasma product |
JP2006505927A JP2006519825A (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Recoverable dry plasma preparation |
AU2004216892A AU2004216892A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Dried blood plasma product |
US10/548,294 US20060263759A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Dried blood plasma product |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB0305133.1A GB0305133D0 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2003-03-06 | Product |
GB0305133.1 | 2003-03-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004078187A1 true WO2004078187A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
Family
ID=9954238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2004/000968 WO2004078187A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-08 | Dried blood plasma product |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060263759A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1610801A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006519825A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1774256A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004216892A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2518091A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB0305133D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004078187A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006011534A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz | Plasma Lyophilisate |
WO2018211014A1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Apc Europe Slu | Animal plasma or fractions thereof for use in treating cognitive impairment disorders in humans and companion animals |
US10843100B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2020-11-24 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Spray drier assembly for automated spray drying |
US11052045B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2021-07-06 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Formulations and methods for contemporaneous stabilization of active proteins during spray drying and storage |
EP3849570A4 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-07-12 | Cellphire Inc. | Blood plasma-containing compositions |
US11813572B2 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2023-11-14 | Cellphire, Inc. | Materials and methods for producing blood products |
US11841189B1 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2023-12-12 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Disposable for a spray drying system |
US11903971B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2024-02-20 | Cellphire, Inc. | Treatment of von Willebrand disease |
US11965178B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2024-04-23 | Cellphire, Inc. | Platelets loaded with anti-cancer agents |
US11975274B2 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-05-07 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Blood plasma product |
US11998861B2 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-06-04 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Usability of a disposable for a spray drying plasma system |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8529959B2 (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2013-09-10 | Carmell Therapeutics Corporation | Methods and apparatus for manufacturing plasma based plastics and bioplastics produced therefrom |
US10626399B2 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2020-04-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods of treating cognitive symptoms of an aging-associated impairment by modulating C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3) |
US10487148B2 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2019-11-26 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods and compositions for treating aging-associated impairments |
US20160208011A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2016-07-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Ccr3 modulation in the treatment of aging-associated impairments, and compositions for practicing the same |
US9161968B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2015-10-20 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods of neuroprotection involving macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor agonists |
EP3079708A4 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2017-08-30 | The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods and compositions for treating aging-associated conditions |
US10905779B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2021-02-02 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods for screening human blood products comprising plasma using immunocompromised rodent models |
JP6659591B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2020-03-04 | テルモ ビーシーティー、インコーポレーテッド | freeze drying |
KR20240025721A (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2024-02-27 | 더 보드 어브 트러스티스 어브 더 리랜드 스탠포드 주니어 유니버시티 | Methods and compositions for treating age-associated conditions |
EP4353320A3 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2024-05-15 | Alkahest, Inc. | Blood plasma and plasma fractions as therapy for tumor growth and progression |
EA039316B1 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2022-01-12 | Алкахест, Инк. | Blood plasma fractions as a treatment for aging-associated cognitive disorders |
MA48480A (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2020-03-04 | Alkahest Inc | DOSAGE SCHEDULE FOR THE TREATMENT OF COGNITIVE AND MOTOR DEFICIENCIES WITH BLOOD PLASMA AND BLOOD PLASMA PRODUCTS |
US11040068B2 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2021-06-22 | Alkahest, Inc. | Dosing regimen for treatment of cognitive and motor impairments with blood plasma and blood plasma products |
US10793327B2 (en) | 2017-10-09 | 2020-10-06 | Terumo Bct Biotechnologies, Llc | Lyophilization container and method of using same |
EP3870190A4 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2022-09-07 | Alkahest, Inc. | Use of plasma and plasma fractions for improvement of pain, wound healing, and postoperative recovery |
CA3130700A1 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-09-17 | Terumo Bct Biotechnologies, Llc | Lyophilization container fill fixture, system and method of use |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4441167C1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-03-14 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Prodn. of blood plasma as virus free dry granulate |
WO1999065600A1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-23 | Leiv Eiriksson Nyfotek As | A method for formulating particles |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE425461B (en) * | 1971-09-03 | 1982-10-04 | Du Pont | SET TO MAKE A HOMOGENIC, LYOPHILIZED PRODUCT OF BLOOD SERIES OR BLOOD PLASMA |
JPH0650999B2 (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1994-07-06 | 日本商事株式会社 | Blood coagulation factor stabilization method |
-
2003
- 2003-03-06 GB GBGB0305133.1A patent/GB0305133D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-03-08 US US10/548,294 patent/US20060263759A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-08 JP JP2006505927A patent/JP2006519825A/en active Pending
- 2004-03-08 CN CNA2004800101505A patent/CN1774256A/en active Pending
- 2004-03-08 CA CA002518091A patent/CA2518091A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-08 EP EP04718344A patent/EP1610801A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-08 WO PCT/GB2004/000968 patent/WO2004078187A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-03-08 AU AU2004216892A patent/AU2004216892A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4441167C1 (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-03-14 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Prodn. of blood plasma as virus free dry granulate |
WO1999065600A1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-23 | Leiv Eiriksson Nyfotek As | A method for formulating particles |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007104760A2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz | Plasma lyophilisate |
WO2007104760A3 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2008-04-03 | Univ Mainz Johannes Gutenberg | Plasma lyophilisate |
DE102006011534A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz | Plasma Lyophilisate |
US10843100B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2020-11-24 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Spray drier assembly for automated spray drying |
US11806431B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2023-11-07 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Formulations and methods for contemporaneous stabilization of active proteins during spray drying and storage |
US11052045B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2021-07-06 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Formulations and methods for contemporaneous stabilization of active proteins during spray drying and storage |
US11690871B2 (en) | 2017-05-18 | 2023-07-04 | Apc Europe Slu | Animal plasma or fractions thereof for use in treating cognitive impairment disorders in humans and companion animals |
WO2018211014A1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | Apc Europe Slu | Animal plasma or fractions thereof for use in treating cognitive impairment disorders in humans and companion animals |
EP3849570A4 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-07-12 | Cellphire Inc. | Blood plasma-containing compositions |
US11965178B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2024-04-23 | Cellphire, Inc. | Platelets loaded with anti-cancer agents |
US11813572B2 (en) | 2019-05-03 | 2023-11-14 | Cellphire, Inc. | Materials and methods for producing blood products |
US11903971B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2024-02-20 | Cellphire, Inc. | Treatment of von Willebrand disease |
US11841189B1 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2023-12-12 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Disposable for a spray drying system |
US11913722B1 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-02-27 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Rapid spray drying system |
US11913723B1 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-02-27 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Baffle plate used in a disposable for a spray drying system |
US11975274B2 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-05-07 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Blood plasma product |
US11998861B2 (en) | 2022-09-15 | 2024-06-04 | Velico Medical, Inc. | Usability of a disposable for a spray drying plasma system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060263759A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
GB0305133D0 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
EP1610801A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
AU2004216892A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
CN1774256A (en) | 2006-05-17 |
CA2518091A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
JP2006519825A (en) | 2006-08-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1610801A1 (en) | Dried blood plasma product | |
Hess | Conventional blood banking and blood component storage regulation: opportunities for improvement | |
US6890512B2 (en) | Methods of preventing aggregation of various substances upon rehydration or thawing and compositions obtained thereby | |
US8349367B2 (en) | Freeze-dried plasma formats for the trauma care field | |
JPH07507304A (en) | Pharmaceutically acceptable fixed dried human blood platelets | |
CN1246778A (en) | Method and compositions for producing dried, storage-stable platelets | |
CN1665388A (en) | Sterilization, stabilization and preservation of functional biologics | |
AU2011290609B2 (en) | Blood plasma lyophilization process | |
JP2010540456A (en) | Dried biological materials and methods for their preparation | |
WO2021046409A1 (en) | Materials and methods for blood plasma preparations | |
WO2020186193A1 (en) | Canine blood platelet preparations | |
US20220106357A1 (en) | Plasma fractionation utilizing spray-dried human plasma | |
US20060216687A1 (en) | Reconstitutable dried blood products | |
WO2019126494A1 (en) | Pathogen reduced platelet compositions and related methods | |
Yu et al. | Freeze-drying of human red blood cells: influence of carbohydrates and their concentrations | |
Callan et al. | Platelet products | |
US8802363B2 (en) | Zeodration method for the preservation of blood platelets | |
JPH0892001A (en) | Method for storing cell group | |
US20230235021A1 (en) | Method of preparing fibronectin concentrates | |
Wenz | Leukocyte-poor blood | |
Kassner | Blood transfusion therapy | |
Feinler et al. | Survey of techniques used to preserve biological materials |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2518091 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006505927 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 4000/DELNP/2005 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004216892 Country of ref document: AU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2004216892 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20040308 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004216892 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004718344 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20048101505 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004718344 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006263759 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10548294 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10548294 Country of ref document: US |