WO2004072211A2 - Biomasse combustible purement organique - Google Patents

Biomasse combustible purement organique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004072211A2
WO2004072211A2 PCT/US2004/000878 US2004000878W WO2004072211A2 WO 2004072211 A2 WO2004072211 A2 WO 2004072211A2 US 2004000878 W US2004000878 W US 2004000878W WO 2004072211 A2 WO2004072211 A2 WO 2004072211A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
mixture
fluid
biomass fuel
cellulosic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/000878
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2004072211A3 (fr
WO2004072211A8 (fr
Inventor
Philippe R. Murcia
Original Assignee
Murcia Philipp R
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murcia Philipp R filed Critical Murcia Philipp R
Priority to GB0615450A priority Critical patent/GB2427615A/en
Priority to AU2004212121A priority patent/AU2004212121A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2004/000878 priority patent/WO2004072211A2/fr
Publication of WO2004072211A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004072211A2/fr
Publication of WO2004072211A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004072211A3/fr
Publication of WO2004072211A8 publication Critical patent/WO2004072211A8/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/365—Logs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an organically clean biomass fuel from a mixture of finely ground wood chips, bark, sawdust, wood charcoal powder or other any other cellulosic products that are dried and then moisturized by vegetable oil and/or vegetable alcohol.
  • the organically clean biomass fuel is clean burning and non-toxic.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,244,472 (the '472 patent) reveals the preparation of a chemically dried cellulosic fuel. Wood chips, bark, sawdust or other cellulosic products are dried and impregnated with vegetable oil to provide a clean burning, non-toxic fuel for lighting or starting charcoal. To achieve this, the cellulosic products are ground between 1/4 and 2 inches in diameter and immersed in hot oil at between 325°F and 375°F (163°C-191°C). Moisture within the cellulosic products evaporates and replaced by the hot oil. Contaminants in the hot oil may be released upon heating.
  • Screw presses are available in sizes ranging from table-top models that produce 8 kilograms of seed per hour (2 liters of oil) to industrial models which can produce 4,000 kilograms of oil per day. Screw presses are available in electrical and Diesel powered models. Screw presses tend to be slow. A ram press is more efficient oil press design. This press uses a hydraulic piston inside of a cylinder to crush the oilseed. Ram presses can be powered by hand, by an electric motor, or by a Diesel engine.
  • An ester is a hydrocarbon chain that will bond with another molecule.
  • a vegetable oil molecule is made of three esters attached to a molecule of glycerin. Vegetable oil is called a triglyceride. Vegetable oil is also called glycerol esters. About and glyceride. Glycerin makes vegetable oil thick and sticky. To transform vegetable oil into fuel, vegetable oil must go through the process of transesterification. Transesterefication is the transformation of one type ester into another type of ester. The esters in vegetable oil are separated from the glycerin, the glycerin is replaced with alcohol. Either ethanol alcohol or methanol alcohol can be used. Ethanol is alcohol made from grain. Methanol is an alcohol that can be made from wood or coal. Methanol produces more stable biodiesel reactions. However, methanol is an aggressive alcohol which dissolves rubber, can be fatal is swallowed, and requires extreme caution when handled.
  • the cloud point is point at which vegetable oil appears cloudy because wax crystals form in the vegetable oil - 60-25 F (16 and -4 C).
  • the pour point - the oil ceased to move through pipes and tubes ⁇ -10 F.
  • the gel point - oil will become the consistency of petroleum jelly ⁇ -20 F.
  • winterizing agents, anti-gel formula and flow- improver additive can be used.
  • the flash point (ignition temperature) is above 300 F.
  • the energy capacity is approximately 30 megajoules of energy per kilogram of the vegetable oil.
  • Emission Characteristics of vegetable oil as a fuel source as compared to regular fuel oil include the following:
  • the phrase "vegetable alcohol” will refer to ethanol alcohol, methanol alcohol, a combination of each, or other forms of alcohol derived from vegetable oil after undergoing transesterification.
  • a moisture laden cellulosic product may be ground only to a certain size in a conventional grinder. This is because the moisture causes the cellulosic product to become sticky and thus cling to the surfaces of the grinder. Such may explain why the '472 patent only proposes grinding at the lower range to 1/4 inch diameter.
  • Granular cellulose powder is available commercially and used in the plastic, welding electrode, rubber and filter industries as commercialized by Micro-technik GmbH & Co. KG. It offers granular cellulose powder, such as those with the following characteristics: Grade-402-100
  • cellulosic products each have a diameter significantly smaller than 1/256 inch, e.g., on the microscopic size of a powder such as that of flour grains.
  • cellulosic powder are those which have an average fiber length of about 500 micrometers or less A fiber length within the range of 20 - 500 micrometers is suitable.
  • One aspect to the invention resides in a fuel that is a mixture of cellulosic powder and/or wood charcoal powder that is moisturized by vegetable oil and/or vegetable alcohol. Black liquor and/or tar is removed from the powder and preferably gum is removed from the fluid to render the mixture organically clean and non-toxic.
  • Another aspect resides in a method of drying cellulosic particles to reduce their moisture content and extract black liquor or tar from them, grinding the dried, cellulosic particles into the powder, moisturizing the powder with vegetable oil and/or vegetable alcohol, and mixing the same. The amount of moisturizing determines whether the fuel will have a liquidy cream texture or a doughy texture. If the former, the fuel is a viscous liquid that may be poured into a liquid-tight container. If the latter, the fuel may be bagged or boxed or pressed into briquettes or ingots.
  • cellulosic products such as sawdust, dead leaves, small branches, bushes are cut grasses, are gathered in a pile 10.
  • the pile is fed into a conventional centrifugal machine or centrifuge 20 that spins the pile and, at the same time, the centrifuge 20 is heated to dry the pile.
  • the heating should be at a temperature less that 280°C, such as between 100°C and 150°C, and may be done in any conventional manner.
  • the centrifuge 20 may be heated by hot air or through solar heating, but preferably in a non-polluting manner.
  • the centrifuge 20 is kept below 280 Q C. ⁇ However, the centrifuge 20 should be heated to a high enough temperature so that black liquor or tar emerges from the cellulosic products to be collected in a tar or black liquor collector 30.
  • the dried cellulosic products are then fed to a conventional grinding machine or grinder 40, which chops the dried cellulosic products into powder.
  • the powder size is of the same order of magnitude as that of grains of flour.
  • dry powder 50 may be provided. This dry powder may be a commercially available cellulosic product with a low moisture content (less than 6%) or wood charcoal.
  • Vegetable oil 60 which may be derived from palm, sun flower, corn, soya bean, pumpkin, coconuts or other plants, and/or vegetable alcohols (such as those used to form biodiesel), may be used to moisturize the ground, dried cellulosic powder from the grinder 40 and/or the dry powder 50.
  • the vegetable oil and vegetable alcohols may be in a purified state so as to be freer of potential pollutants and yet maintain the integrity of the oil as fluid. This purified state may entail the extraction of gum by filtering. Gum left in the vegetable oil may cause damage to equipment that uses the vegetable oil as a fuel source.
  • the purified vegetable oil and/or vegetable alcohols or a mixture of the two are used to moisturize the powder so that the moisturized powder approximates the characteristics of a biodiesel fuel, but having a high caloric content attributed to the powder.
  • the ground, dried cellulosic powder from the grinder 40 and/or the dry powder 50 are fed into a conventional batch mixer 80 (or a conventional vibrating vessel).
  • the vegetable oil from container 60 and/or the vegetable alcohol from container 70 are used to moisturize the ground, dried cellulosic powder and/or dry powder in the batch mixer 80.
  • the vegetable oil and/or vegetable alcohol is added by micro drops, preferably, to help assure that the desired amount is added and mixed thoroughly with the powder.
  • the batch mixer 80 may be that of a conventional batch mixer that moisturizes flour with water and other ingredients in bakeries.
  • the micro-droplets may be sprayed to moisturize the dried power to form an organically clean biomass that is of dough or of a liquid cream texture, depending upon the amount of moisture being added to the dried powder.
  • the organically clean biomass fuel is clean burning and non-toxic .
  • the fuel substance may be bagged or boxed in 1 to 5 ton packages or be fed into a conventional pressing machine to be pressed into briquettes of 2 to 2.5 inches in diameter or be pressed into an ingot of 2 to 5 pounds, for instance.
  • the liquidy creamy texture the fuel substance is in a viscous, liquidy state that may be poured into a liquid-tight container and may serve as a replacement or additive to conventional liquid fossil fuels, such as for heating purposes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur une biomasse combustible purement organique composé d'un mélange d'une poudre (produit cellulosique sec, poudre de charbon de bois ou leur combinaison), et d'un liquide (huile végétale, alcool végétal ou leur combinaison) Pour l'obtenir on utilise une machine centrifuge qui dessèche les produits cellulosiques humides et extrait de la liqueur noire et un broyeur qui pulvérise le produit sec, et on extrait de la gomme de l'huile végétale ou de l'alcool végétal. Puis un malaxeur en masse ou une cuve vibrante mélange les poudres et les liquides pour que le liquide hydrate la poudre. Selon la proportion relative de liquide et de poudre, le mélange sera crémeux ou pâteux. Dans le deuxième cas on pourra le presser pour en faire des briquettes ou des lingots.
PCT/US2004/000878 2003-02-06 2004-01-14 Biomasse combustible purement organique WO2004072211A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0615450A GB2427615A (en) 2003-02-06 2004-01-14 Organically clean biomass fuel
AU2004212121A AU2004212121A1 (en) 2004-01-14 2004-01-14 Organically clean biomass fuel
PCT/US2004/000878 WO2004072211A2 (fr) 2003-02-06 2004-01-14 Biomasse combustible purement organique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60/445,340 2003-02-06
PCT/US2004/000878 WO2004072211A2 (fr) 2003-02-06 2004-01-14 Biomasse combustible purement organique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004072211A2 true WO2004072211A2 (fr) 2004-08-26
WO2004072211A3 WO2004072211A3 (fr) 2004-11-18
WO2004072211A8 WO2004072211A8 (fr) 2006-09-21

Family

ID=36928684

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PCT/US2004/000878 WO2004072211A2 (fr) 2003-02-06 2004-01-14 Biomasse combustible purement organique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2004212121A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004072211A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876218A1 (fr) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Amandus Kahl GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication de boulettes de copeaux de bois
WO2008076456A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Duraflame, Inc. Bûche artificielle utilisant des cires non extraites du pétrole
WO2010022337A2 (fr) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Mcknight James T Systèmes et procédés pour conversion de biomasse sur site en un fluide combustible pour le remplacement direct ou comme complément de combustibles fossiles liquides
LU92738B1 (fr) * 2015-06-11 2016-12-12 Biocarbon Ind Sarl Procede et installation de preparation de biomasse

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2753927A3 (fr) * 1993-05-17 1998-04-03 Perez Evelyne Procede de fabrication d'une matiere a base de poussieres resultant du poncage du bois
US5942170A (en) * 1996-09-16 1999-08-24 B&P Process Equipment And Systems, L.L.C. Process of and apparatus for preparing thermosetting polymer pellets

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2753927A3 (fr) * 1993-05-17 1998-04-03 Perez Evelyne Procede de fabrication d'une matiere a base de poussieres resultant du poncage du bois
US5942170A (en) * 1996-09-16 1999-08-24 B&P Process Equipment And Systems, L.L.C. Process of and apparatus for preparing thermosetting polymer pellets

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876218A1 (fr) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Amandus Kahl GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de fabrication de boulettes de copeaux de bois
WO2008076456A1 (fr) * 2006-12-19 2008-06-26 Duraflame, Inc. Bûche artificielle utilisant des cires non extraites du pétrole
US8007550B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2011-08-30 Duraflame, Inc. Artificial firelog using non-petroleum waxes
WO2010022337A2 (fr) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Mcknight James T Systèmes et procédés pour conversion de biomasse sur site en un fluide combustible pour le remplacement direct ou comme complément de combustibles fossiles liquides
WO2010022337A3 (fr) * 2008-08-21 2010-04-22 Mcknight James T Systèmes et procédés pour conversion de biomasse sur site en un fluide combustible pour le remplacement direct ou comme complément de combustibles fossiles liquides
LU92738B1 (fr) * 2015-06-11 2016-12-12 Biocarbon Ind Sarl Procede et installation de preparation de biomasse
WO2016198653A1 (fr) 2015-06-11 2016-12-15 Biocarbon Industries Sarl Procede et installation de preparation de biomasse
CN107787355A (zh) * 2015-06-11 2018-03-09 生物炭工业有限责任公司 用于制备生物质的方法和设备
EA035772B1 (ru) * 2015-06-11 2020-08-07 Биокарбон Эндюстри Сарл Способ и установка для приготовления биомассы
US10933427B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2021-03-02 Biocarbon Industries S.À R.L. Method and facility for biomass preparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2004212121A1 (en) 2004-08-26
WO2004072211A3 (fr) 2004-11-18
WO2004072211A8 (fr) 2006-09-21

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