WO2004061301A1 - Eolienne de type a autoregulation de puissance - Google Patents
Eolienne de type a autoregulation de puissance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004061301A1 WO2004061301A1 PCT/FR2003/003888 FR0303888W WO2004061301A1 WO 2004061301 A1 WO2004061301 A1 WO 2004061301A1 FR 0303888 W FR0303888 W FR 0303888W WO 2004061301 A1 WO2004061301 A1 WO 2004061301A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- spring
- blades
- hand
- counterweight
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
- F05B2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- Wind energy has been used for a long time thanks to rotary airfoils.
- windmills fitted with wings or blades generally four in number; but these mills are especially usable in countries where the winds are more or less regular and always blowing in almost the same direction.
- Wind turbines devices in which the blades are metallic or made of composite materials, therefore relatively undeformable. Improved wind turbines ensure adequate yields with, for example, a tail unit forming a drift which ensures the maintenance of all the movable elements whatever the direction of the wind (for example, blades parallel to the direction of the wind - so-called "flag" position), to offer a minimum grip in the wind or position opposite to the feathered position, therefore position perpendicular to the direction of the wind, with here maximum grip in the wind.
- a drive wheel is used for the smooth running of the blades, certain devices provide for subtracting this driving wheel in the wind by erasing it in the event of a storm.
- Wind turbines as we know, can be used for various applications: pumping water on farms, supplying electrical energy, and also supplying hot water using the heat produced during braking of the blades when it is advisable to slow them down for whatever reasons.
- the present invention relates more particularly here to the adequate control of the speed of rotation of wind turbines, in particular in strong wind, that is to say when the maximum energy is recovered but the end of the blades becomes too fast and threatens. the strength or at least the wear and tear of the numerous mechanical parts of the entire wind turbine. More specifically, the device of the invention relates to the automatic adjustment of the pitch of the propeller of a wind turbine.
- wind turbines include a regulation device driven by the propeller motor shaft (of which a movable regulation rod is generally coaxial with the motor shaft (FR-241521 1).
- a device for automatically adjusting the pitch of the driving propeller of a wind turbine by means of rollers or rods engaged in grooves forming cams arranged in plates carried by each of the shafts of the blades.
- the blades can also be actuated by "eccentrics” controlled against the action of springs by weights linked in rotation to the wheel.
- eccentrics controlled by the wind itself (FR 241521 1) or by a central member controlled by means of the wheel and whose translation can be ensured for example using of a watt regulator (FR 2401331) or of a screw-nut system sensitive to the speed difference between that of the wheel and that of a motor running at a reference speed (FR 2313576).
- the device according to the invention not only makes it possible to solve the problem of strong winds but also makes it possible, thanks to a large step in the absence of wind, to facilitate the starting of the propeller, this step then decreasing to a optimum value to then increase if the wind increases, or even to feather in the event of gusts.
- Basic information on wind turbines can still be found in French patent FR 2,500,077.
- the present invention relates to the power regulation of a wind propeller coupled to a generator by giving the blades of this propeller (there are at least 2 blades, for example two or four) a layout such that the efficiency of this propeller varies in opposite direction of the variation of the wind energy.
- the “torque-speed” characteristics of the propeller are determined so that the operating point begins to move towards areas of low aerodynamic efficiency when the wind speed approaches the value for which the generator reaches power. maximum compatible with safety as taught in French patent N ° 1,553,046.
- this patent FR-1553046 most of the regulation is acquired without movement of the blades, thus resulting in greater regulation stability than in the usual variable pitch systems which reduce the power by increasing the pitch; the system described in French patent No.
- 1,553,046 has brought an important improvement by being provided with a system of centrifugal weights arranged so as to reduce the stalling of part of the blades when the rotation speed tends to increase, by also being provided with a system of stops and return means against these stops which mechanically define the initial setting and the optimum operating setting up to the nominal speed.
- the blade is pivotable about an axis and drives, for example by means of an arm, the end of a return spring which tends to keep the blade in contact with a fixed stop which defines the initial setting. .
- the French patent N ° 1 .553.046 describes a certain type of spring assembly, assembly which, while being very correct, does not have the advantages of the present invention, also incorporating a system of weights and arms but with an original arrangement of 'at least one spring.
- the blade or a part of this blade, can constitute the centrifugal flyweight system.
- the arm carrying the counterweight and the hooking arm of the spring can then form a single bent lever.
- FIG. 1 represents a blade element and the components of the forces which result from the action of a wind W of beta angle on the blade element whose setting angle is alpha; dP is the lift proportional to the incidence i which is the difference between beta and alpha; if the wind turbine is lightly loaded, the low values of dF correspond to low values of dP, and consequently to low values of i; the variations of alpha setting substantially follow those of the angle of the wind (beta); the inevitable variations in incidence result in its significant variations in the forces applied to the blades of the propellers, resulting in significant wear of the pitch variation mechanisms.
- the blade 1 is provided with a pitch variation mechanism constituted by a bent lever 2 secured to the blade and mounted to pivot on the axis 3 perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the blade.
- a counterweight 4 was fixed and at the other end, a return spring 5 was hooked.
- a stop 6 determines the initial setting of the blade alpha.
- a heel 9 has been fixed arranged so as to be able to drive the lever 7 against the action of the spring 8, when the lever 2 has pivoted by a certain angle.
- the fairly flexible spring 5 is the starting spring and the stop 6 corresponds to an initial setting sufficiently large to ensure a high starting torque.
- the springs used work in traction and the details of this patent are specifically limited to these traction.
- At least one counterweight system counteracts the restoring force of the spring or springs when the speed of rotation tends to increase and results in a reduction of the setting.
- the devices according to the invention make it possible to provide an initial setting much greater than alpha to ensure a very high starting torque.
- FIG. 4 briefly schematically shows a first aspect of the invention. It describes a device which comprises at least two blades 1 1. Each of them is secured to a bent lever 12 (or a bent arm or any equivalent means), each of the bent levers being pivotally mounted about an axis 13 (the figure here showing a system with two blades, therefore with 2 axes); these axes are perpendicular to the axes of the rotation of the blades.
- each end of the levers 12 is fixed a counterweight 14 and at the other end of each lever 12 is hung a return spring 15, each of the springs being hung according to the invention on the one hand to a counterweight 14 secured to one of the blades and on the other hand to the end of a lever 12 secured to another blade.
- a counterweight 14 At each end of the levers 12 is fixed a counterweight 14 and at the other end of each lever 12 is hung a return spring 15, each of the springs being hung according to the invention on the one hand to a counterweight 14 secured to one of the blades and on the other hand to the end of a lever 12 secured to another blade.
- each spring connects the counterweight attached to a lever at the end of the other lever attached to the other counterweight.
- each lever corresponds to a fixed stop 20., therefore here at least two stops 20 which determine the initial setting alpha of each blade.
- An arrow F ' is the indication of the wind direction W and the other arrows F indicate the spacing of the flyweights, the arrows f indicating the ascent of the blades.
- the levers are lowered by centrifugal effect applied to the rotating weights under the effect of the wind while the springs lengthen and exert a traction in the opposite direction on the weights, thus maintaining the proper functioning of the wind turbine.
- FIG. 5 represents a second variant of the invention, namely a device operating with the aid of a compressed spring and not in tension.
- the device according to the invention comprises a set of at least two blades 21 (preferably 2 blades), each secured to an angled lever 22 (here preferably two angled levers 22); each bent lever is connected to a counterweight such as 24.
- Each of these bent levers pivots about an axis 23 perpendicular to the plane of the blades or bent levers.
- the improvement consists, not in using a spring connected on the one hand to a counterweight and on the other hand to an end of a bent lever, lever other than that which is connected to the counterweight, but to use a spring operating “in compression” and not in traction, this spring being connected to its base with at least two stops 30 and this spring being connected at its upper part to a fixed nut 26.
- compressed spring which in particular additionally provides two advantages: -On the one hand, a stabilizing and damping effect, as the average position resulting from the forces exerted by all the blades, due to the presence of this compressed spring, with minimum noise and vibration.
- FIG. 6 represents what has been called above the mixed technique.
- This FIG. 6 is identical to FIG. 5, that is to say that it is characterized by the presence of at least one spring 25 operating in compression, but it also comprises at least two springs 15 identical to those which are illustrated in Figure 4.
- the function of the spring 25 is mainly a damping action.
- the function of the springs 15 is for the most part a stabilization function.
- the combined action of the two types of support results in: A major role of damping springs such as 15. A major role of stabilization in the middle position for adjusting the central spring (operating in compression).
- This mixed technique offers increased sensitivity of the adjustment by minimizing the stiffness of said central spring.
- one of the characteristics of the present invention is essentially the fact of having at least one pair of blades, certain elements of one blade being connected to the elements of the other blade.
- each spring connects the counterweight attached to a lever at the other end of the other lever attached to the other counterweight as has been specified above.
- This type of device does not appear in other improvements to wind turbines described in particular in DE 3115202 or in DE 805388 or in FR-A-2817298.
- the blades are independent of one another and are not linked to each other for example by the presence of a return spring of a blade connected to an element of another blade, or by the presence a flyweight being connected to a flyweight of another blade.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002512228A CA2512228A1 (fr) | 2002-12-31 | 2003-12-23 | Eolienne de type a autoregulation de puissance |
AU2003303569A AU2003303569A1 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2003-12-23 | Wind generator of the type with automatic power regulation |
EP03814488A EP1588050A1 (fr) | 2002-12-31 | 2003-12-23 | Eolienne de type a autoregulation de puissance |
US10/541,177 US7198469B2 (en) | 2002-12-31 | 2003-12-23 | Wind generator of the type with automatic power regulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0216930A FR2849475B1 (fr) | 2002-12-31 | 2002-12-31 | Eolienne a autoregulation du calage du pas de l'helice par un dispositif de masselotes centrifuges, de butee et de moyens de rappel ou de compression |
FR02/16930 | 2002-12-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004061301A1 true WO2004061301A1 (fr) | 2004-07-22 |
Family
ID=32480341
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2003/003888 WO2004061301A1 (fr) | 2002-12-31 | 2003-12-23 | Eolienne de type a autoregulation de puissance |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7198469B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1588050A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003303569A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2512228A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2849475B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2003106378A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004061301A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9091250B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2015-07-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Ultra high efficiency low friction drive chain for wind turbine applications |
US8933576B2 (en) | 2012-05-02 | 2015-01-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Hybrid friction wheel gearbox drivetrain for wind turbine applications |
US8598725B1 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Utilizing flux controllable PM electric machines for wind turbine applications |
GR20150100122A (el) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-10-20 | Μαριος Γεωργιος Χριστοδουλακης | Μηχανισμος ελεγχου βηματος ιστιοκινητηρα |
US10994836B2 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2021-05-04 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Feathering propeller clutch mechanisms |
CN110578652B (zh) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-12-25 | 李相同 | 一种叶片可自调节保护的风力发电装置 |
CN109253047B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-12-12 | 江苏特瑞菲克环保科技有限公司 | 小型风能利用装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE805388C (de) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-05-17 | Karl Sauer | Vorrichtung zur selbsttaetigen Verstellung von Fluegeln fuer Windkraftmaschinen |
FR1553046A (fr) * | 1967-11-28 | 1969-01-10 | ||
GB2010980A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1979-07-04 | Fiat Spa | Pitch Regulation Device for the Rotor Blades of a Wind Motor |
DE3115202A1 (de) * | 1981-04-15 | 1982-11-25 | Wortmann, Franz Xaver, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 7030 Böblingen | Direkte mechanische regelung von windturbinen |
FR2506853A1 (fr) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-03 | Duranteau Camille | Regulateur pour helice a vent a pas variable |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1461048A (en) * | 1922-04-13 | 1923-07-10 | Leslie J Mckay | Windmill wheel |
US2139954A (en) * | 1937-07-23 | 1938-12-13 | Reuben K Hartley | Wind wheel |
FR2313576A1 (fr) | 1975-06-06 | 1976-12-31 | Buys Victor | Machine eolienne a vitesse de rotation constante |
FR2401331A1 (fr) | 1977-02-02 | 1979-03-23 | Electricite Neuchateloise Sa | Dispositif de reglage automatique du pas de l'helice motrice d'une eolienne |
HU190071B (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1986-08-28 | Gyimesi,Janos,Hu | Wind engine as well as fluid furthering device operable particularly by wind engine |
-
2002
- 2002-12-31 FR FR0216930A patent/FR2849475B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-03-06 RU RU2003106378/06A patent/RU2003106378A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-23 US US10/541,177 patent/US7198469B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-23 EP EP03814488A patent/EP1588050A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-23 WO PCT/FR2003/003888 patent/WO2004061301A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-23 CA CA002512228A patent/CA2512228A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-23 AU AU2003303569A patent/AU2003303569A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE805388C (de) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-05-17 | Karl Sauer | Vorrichtung zur selbsttaetigen Verstellung von Fluegeln fuer Windkraftmaschinen |
FR1553046A (fr) * | 1967-11-28 | 1969-01-10 | ||
GB2010980A (en) * | 1977-12-23 | 1979-07-04 | Fiat Spa | Pitch Regulation Device for the Rotor Blades of a Wind Motor |
DE3115202A1 (de) * | 1981-04-15 | 1982-11-25 | Wortmann, Franz Xaver, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 7030 Böblingen | Direkte mechanische regelung von windturbinen |
FR2506853A1 (fr) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-03 | Duranteau Camille | Regulateur pour helice a vent a pas variable |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2849475A1 (fr) | 2004-07-02 |
FR2849475B1 (fr) | 2005-07-08 |
US7198469B2 (en) | 2007-04-03 |
EP1588050A1 (fr) | 2005-10-26 |
RU2003106378A (ru) | 2004-09-20 |
AU2003303569A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
CA2512228A1 (fr) | 2004-07-22 |
US20060171810A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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