WO2004059144A1 - The working chamber of piston machine (variants) - Google Patents

The working chamber of piston machine (variants) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004059144A1
WO2004059144A1 PCT/KZ2003/000001 KZ0300001W WO2004059144A1 WO 2004059144 A1 WO2004059144 A1 WO 2004059144A1 KZ 0300001 W KZ0300001 W KZ 0300001W WO 2004059144 A1 WO2004059144 A1 WO 2004059144A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working chamber
distinguished
hollows
cylinder head
items
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KZ2003/000001
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ildar Ibragimov
Original Assignee
Akulinin, Alexander
Starostenkov, Alexander
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akulinin, Alexander, Starostenkov, Alexander filed Critical Akulinin, Alexander
Priority to AU2003202167A priority Critical patent/AU2003202167A1/en
Publication of WO2004059144A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004059144A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0642—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the depth of the combustion space being much smaller than the diameter of the piston, e.g. the depth being in the order of one tenth of the diameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention concerns to a mechanical engineering, namely to the piston machines for the transformation of pistons reciprocating movement to shaft rotary movement, and vice versa, and can be used for designing and manufacturing of combustion engines or compressors.
  • Imperfection of the indicated device is the working chamber fulfilment as the cylinder, that does not allow to increase device power without enlargement of its dimensions and mass, and also to increase efficiency.
  • the piston machine containing the working chamber having cylindrical form, limited by cylinder walls, cylinder head and piston (Authorship certificate of USSR #1548472, cl. F 01 B 7/06, 1990) is known.
  • the working chamber fulfilment as a cylinder does not allow to increase a power of the piston machine without enlargement its dimensions and mass, and also to increase efficiency of the machine.
  • the piston machine working chamber formed by cylinder walls, cylinder head and piston
  • the indicated piston machine has a low power and low efficiency as a result of the working chamber fulfilment in the form of cylinder.
  • the internal combustion engine working chamber formed by a hollow in the piston bottom or in the cylinder head, and having the rectangular or wedge-shaped form (Khachiyan A. S., Morozov K. A., Lukanin V. N. et al. Engines of internal combustion - Moscow: Higher school, 1985, P. 48, 76) is known.
  • the rectangular or wedge-shaped form of the working chamber does not allow effectively to transform a kinetic energy of a working body molecules into useful work and to increase a power and efficiency of the device.
  • the piston engine working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head and having the cylindrical form (Authorship certificate of USSR #337547, cl. F 02 B 23/08, 1972) is known.
  • the piston engine having the cylindrical working chamber has a low power and low efficiency as a result of ineffective transformation of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work.
  • the cylindrical form of the working chamber of known piston machines does not allow to increase a power of the machine and its efficiency.
  • Above-stated item also concerns to gases resulted from a fuel mixture combustion in the combustion chamber.
  • the invention problem is development of the piston machine working chamber having the special form and ensuring usage of a maximum amount of working body molecules for useful work fulfilment.
  • the hollow is carried out as a pyramid with top directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
  • the hollow is carried out as a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
  • the base of the pyramid or each from the bases of the truncated pyramid is formed by a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
  • the hollow has the conic form with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom
  • the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
  • the chamber walls are carried out mirror for wave effect reflecting, in presence more than one hollow they can have different volume, and each from edges of a pyramid or truncated pyramid, and also generatrix of a cone surface or generatrix of truncated cone form with the piston bottom an angle 40-50°.
  • the hollow is carried out as a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and in the sixth variant - the hollow has in the working chamber longitudinal section the stepped form, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting and in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
  • the invention according to the seventh variant is characterised by that the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and the chamber walls are earned out mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • the working chamber according to the eighth variant is formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head, which is executed as snail cavity, and according to the ninth variant - as ring cavity, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or are limited by semicircle or arc.
  • the working chamber of the piston machine according to the tenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom, which executed as a pyramid with top directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
  • the hollow is executed as a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
  • the base of the pyramid or each from the bases of the truncated pyramid is formed by a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
  • the hollow has the conic form with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head
  • the hollow in the thirteenth variant of the device the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
  • the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, in presence more than one hollow they have different volume, and each from edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid, generatrix of the cone surface and generatrix of the truncated cone lateral surface form with the cylinder head an angle 40-50°.
  • the working chamber according to the fourteenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom having form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and according to the fifteenth variant - the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
  • the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • the working chamber of the piston machine according to the seventeenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom, which is executed as snail cavity, and according to the eighteenth variant - the hollow is executed as a ring cavity, herewith in each from represented variants of the device the chamber walls are executed miiTor for reflecting wave effect, and the hollows have in a longitudinal section the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or are limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc.
  • the working chamber is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith each from hollows executed as a pyramid, and the tops of pyramids directed to the opposite sides
  • each from hollows executed as a truncated pyramid smaller bases of pyramids directed to the opposite sides, herewith the base of a pyramid or each from the bases of a truncated pyramid have a form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
  • each from hollows has the conic form, the tops of cones directed to the opposite sides, and twenty second valiant - that each from hollows has the form of a truncated cone, the smaller bases of truncated cones directed to the opposite sides.
  • the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, the hollows have different volume, and edges of the opposite located pyramids or opposite located truncated pyramids, or the lateral surfaces of cones of directed to each other hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head or the lateral surfaces of truncated cones of directed to each other hollows form an angle 80 - 100°.
  • the working chamber is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith each of the hollows have the form of hemispheres, spherical segment or paraboloid, and in the twenty fourth variant — each hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, in each from represented variants of the device the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the hollows can have different volume.
  • Twenty fifth variants of the device are characterised by that each from hollows executed in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head has a snail cavity form, and twenty sixth variant - that each of hollows is executed as a ring cavity.
  • the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and each from hollows has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc;
  • the hollow in the piston bottom can have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and the hollow in the cylinder head - trapezoid form, stepped form or can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc;
  • the hollow in the piston bottom can have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the trapezoid form, and the hollow in the cylinder head - triangular form, stepped form or can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc;
  • the hollow in the piston bottom can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc, and hollow in the cylinder head - can have the triangular form, trapezoid form or stepped
  • the hollow in the piston bottom has form of a pyramid
  • the walls of the chamber are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting
  • the bases of the pyramid and truncated pyramid have form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles
  • the hollows have different volume
  • the edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid form between themselves an angle 80-100°.
  • the twenty ninth variant of the device is characterised by that the hollow in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
  • the hollow in the cylinder head has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
  • Indicated variants of the device have mirror chamber walls for wave effect reflecting.
  • the hollow in the piston bottom is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom
  • the hollows are located contrariwise, and in each of the last two variants the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the lateral surfaces of a cone and truncated cone form an angle 80-100°.
  • the thirty third variant of the device is characterised by that each of the hollows in the cylinder head has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of the hollows in the piston bottom is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and thirty fourth variant - that the hollow in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • each of the hollows in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and each of the hollows in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • each of the hollows in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and each of the hollows in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • the working chamber of the piston machine according to the thirty seventh variant of the invention is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith the hollow in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and the hollow in the cylinder head is W- form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • the hollow in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and the hollow in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • the hollow in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • the hollow in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
  • the working chamber walls according to the thirty seventh, thirty eighth, thirty ninth and fortieth variants of the invention are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • the hollows of the above mentioned form forming the working chamber ensure working body molecules quantity maximum usage for work fulfilment.
  • the absence of cylindrical walls at offered variants of the working chamber excludes ineffective working body molecules power consumption.
  • the usage of the offered variants of the working chamber increases transformation efficiency of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work, increases a power and efficiency of the piston machine.
  • Sound and the shock waves, which are formed in the working chamber are reflected from chamber walls and make useful work.
  • the moving molecules of gas or liquids used as a working body are also reflected from the chamber walls and the transformation of their kinetic energy into molecules directed movement energy takes place. It in addition increases transformation efficiency of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work, increases a power and efficiency of the piston machine.
  • Fig. 1 the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the hollow in the cylinder head, the hollow has the form of a pyramid or cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 2- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 3- the hollow in the form of a pyramid with the base formed by a tetragon, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 4- the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the hollow in the cylinder head, the hollow has the form of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 5- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig.
  • FIG. 23 the hollow in the form of a truncated pyramid with the base formed by pentagon, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 24- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid; on Fig. 25- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 26- working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the stepped form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 27- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 28- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the W-form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig.
  • the working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, each from hollows has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 40- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 41- the working chamber formed by the stepped form hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 42- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 43- the working chamber formed by two hollows in the form of nail cavity in the piston bottom and two hollows in the form of nail cavity in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig.
  • each hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 45- the same chamber but with hollows having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 46 - the same chamber but with hollows limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or an arc; on Fig. 47 - the same chamber but with hollows having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form; on Fig.
  • the working chamber formed by hollows in the form of a ring cavity in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 61- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of pyramid or cone, and hollow having the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone, in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 62- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of truncated pyramid or truncated cone, and hollow having the form of a pyramid or a cone in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig.
  • the working chamber of the piston machine including the cylinder 1 and piston 2 is formed by the piston 2 bottom and hollow 3 in the cylinder 1 head.
  • the working chamber can be also formed by the cylinder 1 head and hollow 4 in the piston 2 bottom, or hollows 3 and 4, executed also in the cylinder 1 head, and in the piston 2 bottom.
  • Each from hollows 3 and 4 can have the form of a pyramid, truncated pyramid, cone, truncated cone, hemisphere, spherical segment, paraboloid, stepped form, W-form.
  • the hollows 3 and 4 can be executed also in the form of snail or ring cavities, which have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or can be limited by a semicircle or arc.
  • the walls 5 of the working chamber are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
  • the hollows 3 and 4 can have different volume, and the optimum angle formed by the piston bottom or the cylinder head with edges of a pyramid, truncated pyramid, generatrix of cone surface or generatrix of lateral surface of truncated cone makes 40-50°.
  • the optimum angle between edges of the opposite located pyramids or truncated pyramids makes 80-100°, the optimum angle between lateral surfaces of the opposite located cones or truncated cones makes 80-100°.
  • Electromagnetic and shock waves and also molecules of a liquid having high energy are reflected from the mirror working surface 5 of chamber, that ensures effective transformation of kinetic energy of molecules of a liquid and waves energy into useful work.
  • the offered construction of the working chamber allows to increase a power of the piston machine and efficiency by 1,5-2 times.
  • the invention concerns to a mechanical engineering, namely to piston machines for the transformation of pistons reciprocating movement to shaft rotary movement, and vice versa, and can be used for designing and manufacturing of combustion engines or compressors.
  • the invention does not require new materials or production technologies.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns to a mechanical engineering, namely to the piston machines for the transformation of pistons reciprocating movement to shaft rotary movement, and vice versa, and can be used for designing and manufacturing of combustion engines or compressors. The increase of efficiency of working body molecules kinetic energy transformation into useful work, increasing of a power and efficiency of the piston machine is reached by that the working chamber of the piston machine is formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head, or the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom, or, at least, two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head. The chamber walls in each variant of a chamber are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the hollows have the form of a pyramid, truncated pyramid, cone, truncated cone, hemisphere, spherical segment, paraboloid, stepped form, W-form, form of snail or ring cavity in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.

Description

THE WORKING CHAMBER OF PISTON MACHINE (VARIANTS)
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention concerns to a mechanical engineering, namely to the piston machines for the transformation of pistons reciprocating movement to shaft rotary movement, and vice versa, and can be used for designing and manufacturing of combustion engines or compressors.
BACKGROUND ART The internal combustion engine working chamber formed by cylinder walls, cylinder head and piston bottom (Orlin A. S., Alekseev V. P., Kostygov N. I. et al. Engines of internal combustion. The mechanism and work of reciprocator and combined engines. - Moscow: Mechanical engineering, 1970, P. 103) is known.
Imperfection of the indicated device is the working chamber fulfilment as the cylinder, that does not allow to increase device power without enlargement of its dimensions and mass, and also to increase efficiency.
The piston machine containing the working chamber having cylindrical form, limited by cylinder walls, cylinder head and piston (Authorship certificate of USSR #1548472, cl. F 01 B 7/06, 1990) is known.
The working chamber fulfilment as a cylinder does not allow to increase a power of the piston machine without enlargement its dimensions and mass, and also to increase efficiency of the machine. The piston machine working chamber formed by cylinder walls, cylinder head and piston
(patent of Russian Federation #2049919, cl. F 01 B 1/02, 1995) is known.
The indicated piston machine has a low power and low efficiency as a result of the working chamber fulfilment in the form of cylinder.
The internal combustion engine working chamber formed by a hollow in the piston bottom or in the cylinder head, and having the rectangular or wedge-shaped form (Khachiyan A. S., Morozov K. A., Lukanin V. N. et al. Engines of internal combustion - Moscow: Higher school, 1985, P. 48, 76) is known.
The rectangular or wedge-shaped form of the working chamber does not allow effectively to transform a kinetic energy of a working body molecules into useful work and to increase a power and efficiency of the device.
The piston engine working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head and having the cylindrical form (Authorship certificate of USSR #337547, cl. F 02 B 23/08, 1972) is known.
The piston engine having the cylindrical working chamber, has a low power and low efficiency as a result of ineffective transformation of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work. The cylindrical form of the working chamber of known piston machines does not allow to increase a power of the machine and its efficiency.
It is known that in a vessel along each of coordinate axes OX, OY, OZ moves only 1/3 of common quantity of gas molecules being in unit of vessel volume. The half of molecules from this part will move from a wall of a vessel inside it and therefore only 1/6 molecules being in unit of volume will move to a vessel wall (Zisman G. A., Todes O. M., Course of common physics. Part I.
- Kiev. Dnipro, 1994, P. 91)
Above-stated item also concerns to gases resulted from a fuel mixture combustion in the combustion chamber.
Therefore, using the working chamber formed by cylinder walls, piston bottom and cylinder head, the large part of extending gases energy is spent uselessly, as the useful work is made only by gas molecules affecting on the piston bottom.
The molecules of gas affecting on the cylinder walls, do not make work for the piston moving to the lower dead-point.
As the significant part of gas molecules influences the cylinder walls, the kinetic energy of these molecules is spent ineffectively, and molecules do not make useful work, that results in decreasing of efficiency and power of the piston machine.
It is known, that all liquids, as well as the gases, transmit pressure, applied to them, to all sides uniformly (Pascal law) (Kabardin O. F. Physics- M. : Prosvesheniye, 1991, P. 36).
Therefore in the cylindrical working chamber using a liquid as a working body, the energy of liquid molecules influencing side walls of the chamber, also is spent ineffective and molecules do not make useful work, that results in decreasing of efficiency and power of the piston machine.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The invention problem is development of the piston machine working chamber having the special form and ensuring usage of a maximum amount of working body molecules for useful work fulfilment.
Technical result achieved using the offered invention is transformation efficiency increasing of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work, increasing of a power and efficiency of the piston machine.
The technical result mentioned above is achieved by working chamber form improvement in every of described variants of device.
In the piston machine working chamber formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head, the hollow is carried out as a pyramid with top directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
In the second variant of the device the hollow is carried out as a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
The base of the pyramid or each from the bases of the truncated pyramid is formed by a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
In the third variant of the device the hollow has the conic form with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and in the fourth variant of the device the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
In each from the indicated variants of the device the chamber walls are carried out mirror for wave effect reflecting, in presence more than one hollow they can have different volume, and each from edges of a pyramid or truncated pyramid, and also generatrix of a cone surface or generatrix of truncated cone form with the piston bottom an angle 40-50°.
In fifth variant of the working chamber the hollow is carried out as a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and in the sixth variant - the hollow has in the working chamber longitudinal section the stepped form, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting and in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
The invention according to the seventh variant is characterised by that the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and the chamber walls are earned out mirror for wave effect reflecting. The working chamber according to the eighth variant is formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head, which is executed as snail cavity, and according to the ninth variant - as ring cavity, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or are limited by semicircle or arc. The working chamber of the piston machine according to the tenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom, which executed as a pyramid with top directed to the opposite to the cylinder head. In the eleventh variant of the invention the hollow is executed as a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head. The base of the pyramid or each from the bases of the truncated pyramid is formed by a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
In the twelfth variant of the device, in contradistinction to tenth and eleventh ones, the hollow has the conic form with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and in the thirteenth variant of the device the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
In devices according to tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth variants the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, in presence more than one hollow they have different volume, and each from edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid, generatrix of the cone surface and generatrix of the truncated cone lateral surface form with the cylinder head an angle 40-50°.
The working chamber according to the fourteenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom having form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and according to the fifteenth variant - the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, herewith the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
In the sixteenth variant of the invention the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
The working chamber of the piston machine according to the seventeenth variant of the invention is formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom, which is executed as snail cavity, and according to the eighteenth variant - the hollow is executed as a ring cavity, herewith in each from represented variants of the device the chamber walls are executed miiTor for reflecting wave effect, and the hollows have in a longitudinal section the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or are limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc.
In the nineteenth variant of the device the working chamber is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith each from hollows executed as a pyramid, and the tops of pyramids directed to the opposite sides, in the twentieth variant of the device each from hollows executed as a truncated pyramid, smaller bases of pyramids directed to the opposite sides, herewith the base of a pyramid or each from the bases of a truncated pyramid have a form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
The twenty first variant of the device is characterised by that each from hollows has the conic form, the tops of cones directed to the opposite sides, and twenty second valiant - that each from hollows has the form of a truncated cone, the smaller bases of truncated cones directed to the opposite sides.
In nineteenth, twentieth, twenty first and twenty second variants of the device the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, the hollows have different volume, and edges of the opposite located pyramids or opposite located truncated pyramids, or the lateral surfaces of cones of directed to each other hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head or the lateral surfaces of truncated cones of directed to each other hollows form an angle 80 - 100°.
In the twenty third variant of the device the working chamber is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith each of the hollows have the form of hemispheres, spherical segment or paraboloid, and in the twenty fourth variant — each hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, in each from represented variants of the device the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the hollows can have different volume. Twenty fifth variants of the device are characterised by that each from hollows executed in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head has a snail cavity form, and twenty sixth variant - that each of hollows is executed as a ring cavity.
In twenty fifth and in the twenty sixth variants of the device the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and each from hollows has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc; the hollow in the piston bottom can have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and the hollow in the cylinder head - trapezoid form, stepped form or can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc; the hollow in the piston bottom can have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the trapezoid form, and the hollow in the cylinder head - triangular form, stepped form or can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc; the hollow in the piston bottom can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc, and hollow in the cylinder head - can have the triangular form, trapezoid form or stepped form; the hollow in the piston bottom can have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and hollow in the head of the cylinder - triangular form, trapezoid form or can be limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by semicircle or arc.
In the twenty seventh variant of the working chamber formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom and, at least, one - in the cylinder head, the hollow in the piston bottom has form of a pyramid, and hollow in the cylinder head - form of a truncated pyramid, and in the twenty eighth variant — vice versa, herewith top of a pyramid and smaller base of a truncated pyramid directed to the opposite sides, the walls of the chamber are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, the bases of the pyramid and truncated pyramid have form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles, the hollows have different volume, and the edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid form between themselves an angle 80-100°.
The twenty ninth variant of the device is characterised by that the hollow in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
In the thirtieth variant of the device, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom and, at least, one - in the cylinder head, the hollow in the cylinder head has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head. Indicated variants of the device have mirror chamber walls for wave effect reflecting.
In the thirty first variant of the device the hollow in the piston bottom is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, in the thirty second variant of the device, in comparison with thirty first variant, the hollows are located contrariwise, and in each of the last two variants the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting, and the lateral surfaces of a cone and truncated cone form an angle 80-100°.
The thirty third variant of the device is characterised by that each of the hollows in the cylinder head has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of the hollows in the piston bottom is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and thirty fourth variant - that the hollow in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is executed as a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
In the thirty fifth variant of the device each of the hollows in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and each of the hollows in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
In the thirty sixth variant of the device each of the hollows in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and each of the hollows in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber. In each from the last two variants of the device the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
The working chamber of the piston machine according to the thirty seventh variant of the invention, is formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head, herewith the hollow in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and the hollow in the cylinder head is W- form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
In the device according to the thirty eighth variant the hollow in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and the hollow in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
In the thirty ninth variant of the device the hollow in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber. In the fortieth variant of the device the hollow in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
The working chamber walls according to the thirty seventh, thirty eighth, thirty ninth and fortieth variants of the invention are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting. The hollows of the above mentioned form forming the working chamber, ensure working body molecules quantity maximum usage for work fulfilment. The absence of cylindrical walls at offered variants of the working chamber excludes ineffective working body molecules power consumption.
The usage of the offered variants of the working chamber increases transformation efficiency of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work, increases a power and efficiency of the piston machine.
The fulfilment of walls in each from variants of the working chamber mirror for wave effect reflecting excludes walls heating, as shock and electromagnetic - the photic, infra-red, ultra-violet waves are reflected from the chamber walls. Herewith the heat losses through the chamber wall and heat transfer into the cooler are excluded. Besides the destruction of the working chamber from redundant temperature is prevented.
Sound and the shock waves, which are formed in the working chamber are reflected from chamber walls and make useful work. The moving molecules of gas or liquids used as a working body are also reflected from the chamber walls and the transformation of their kinetic energy into molecules directed movement energy takes place. It in addition increases transformation efficiency of working body molecules kinetic energy into useful work, increases a power and efficiency of the piston machine.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION of DRAWINGS The invention is explained by engineering drawings, where on Fig. 1 the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the hollow in the cylinder head, the hollow has the form of a pyramid or cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 2- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 3- the hollow in the form of a pyramid with the base formed by a tetragon, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 4- the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the hollow in the cylinder head, the hollow has the form of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 5- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 6- hollow in the form of pyramid with base formed by triangle, cross- section of chamber; on Fig. 7- working chamber formed by piston bottom and hollow in the form of hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of chamber; on Fig. 8 - the same, but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 9 - the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the stepped form hollow in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 10- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 11- the working chamber formed by the piston bottom and the W-form hollow in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 12- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the form of a snail cavity in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 13- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the form of snail or ring cavity in the cylinder head, the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 14 - the same chamber but with the hollow having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 15- the same chamber but with the hollow limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or an arc; on Fig. 16- the same chamber but with the hollow having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form; on Fig. 17- the working chamber formed by two hollows in the form of a ring cavity in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 18- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of pyramid or cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 19- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 20- the hollow in the form of a pyramid with the base formed by a hexagon, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 21- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 22- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 23- the hollow in the form of a truncated pyramid with the base formed by pentagon, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 24- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid; on Fig. 25- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 26- working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the stepped form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 27- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 28- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the W-form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 29- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the form of a snail cavity in the piston bottom, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 30- the working chamber formed by the cylinder head and the hollow in the form of snail or ring cavity in the piston bottom, the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form; on Fig. 31 - the same chamber but with the hollow having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 32- the same chamber but with the hollow limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or an arc; on Fig. 33- the same chamber but with the hollow having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form; on Fig. 34- the working chamber fonned by the cylinder head and three hollows in the form of a ring cavity in the piston bottom, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 35 - the working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, each from hollows has the form of a pyramid or cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 36- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 37- the working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, each from hollows has the form of a truncated pyramid or truncated cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 38- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 39- the working chamber formed by hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, each from hollows has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 40- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 41- the working chamber formed by the stepped form hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 42- the same chamber but with hollows having different volume; on Fig. 43- the working chamber formed by two hollows in the form of nail cavity in the piston bottom and two hollows in the form of nail cavity in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 44- the working chamber formed by hollows in the form of nail cavity or ring cavity in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, each hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 45- the same chamber but with hollows having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 46 - the same chamber but with hollows limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or an arc; on Fig. 47 - the same chamber but with hollows having in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form; on Fig. 48- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and hollow in the cylinder head has form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 49- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and the hollow in the cylinder head is limited by a semicircle or arc; on Fig. 50- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and the hollow in the cylinder head has stepped form; on Fig. 51- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and hollow in the cylinder head has triangular form; on Fig. 52- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and the hollow in the cylinder head is limited by a semicircle or arc; on Fig. 53- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and the hollow in the cylinder head has stepped form; on Fig. 54- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and the hollow in the cylinder head has the triangular form; on Fig. 55- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and the hollow in the cylinder head has the form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 56- the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and the hollow in the cylinder head has the stepped form; on Fig. 57 - the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and the hollow in the cylinder head has triangular form; on Fig. 58 - the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and hollow in the cylinder head has form of a trapezoid; on Fig. 59 - the same chamber but the hollow in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and the hollow in the head of the cylinder is limited by a semicircle or arc; on Fig. 60- the working chamber formed by hollows in the form of a ring cavity in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head, cross-section of the chamber; on Fig. 61- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of pyramid or cone, and hollow having the form of a truncated pyramid or a truncated cone, in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 62- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of truncated pyramid or truncated cone, and hollow having the form of a pyramid or a cone in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 63- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom, having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the hollow having the conic form in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 64- the working chamber formed by the hollow having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid in the cylinder head and hollow in the piston bottom having the conic form, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 65- the working chamber formed by the hollow having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid in the cylinder head and hollow in the piston bottom having the form of a truncated cone, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 66- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid and hollow having the form of a truncated cone in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 67- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom having the conic form, and the W-form hollow in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 68- the working chamber fonned by the hollow having the form of a cone in the cylinder head and the W-form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 69- the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom having the form of a truncated cone, and the W-form hollow in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 70- the working chamber formed by the hollow having the form of a truncated cone in the cylinder head and the W-form hollow in the piston bottom, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 71 - the working chamber formed by the hollow in the piston bottom having the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and the W-form hollow in the cylinder head, longitudinal section of the chamber; on Fig. 72 - the working chamber formed by the hollow having the form of a hemisphere or spherical segment in the cylinder head and the W-form hollow in the piston bottom are represented.
The working chamber of the piston machine including the cylinder 1 and piston 2, is formed by the piston 2 bottom and hollow 3 in the cylinder 1 head. The working chamber can be also formed by the cylinder 1 head and hollow 4 in the piston 2 bottom, or hollows 3 and 4, executed also in the cylinder 1 head, and in the piston 2 bottom.
Each from hollows 3 and 4 can have the form of a pyramid, truncated pyramid, cone, truncated cone, hemisphere, spherical segment, paraboloid, stepped form, W-form. The hollows 3 and 4 can be executed also in the form of snail or ring cavities, which have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, trapezoid form, stepped form or can be limited by a semicircle or arc.
The walls 5 of the working chamber are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
The hollows 3 and 4 can have different volume, and the optimum angle formed by the piston bottom or the cylinder head with edges of a pyramid, truncated pyramid, generatrix of cone surface or generatrix of lateral surface of truncated cone makes 40-50°. The optimum angle between edges of the opposite located pyramids or truncated pyramids makes 80-100°, the optimum angle between lateral surfaces of the opposite located cones or truncated cones makes 80-100°.
THE MODES FOR CARRING OUT THE INVENTION The system works as follows.
Using the piston machine as an internal combustion engine all molecules of gas generated during fuel combustion make useful work, as in the working chamber there are no gas molecules contact zones with a lateral surface of the cylinder. One part of gas molecules affects the piston 2 or hollow 4 in the piston 2 bottom, pushing it to the lower dead-point, other part of gas molecules affects the cylinder 1 head or the hollow 3 in the cylinder 1 head, and being reflected, creates an additional pressure on the piston 2.
Generating electromagnetic and shock waves, and also the gas particles having high energy, are reflected from the mirror working surface 5 of chamber, that excludes it heating and ensures effective gas kinetic energy and waves energy transformation into useful work. Besides due to the effect of shock waves collaps the total energy transmitted to the piston 2 is increased.
Using the piston machine as the hydraulic drive, where the liquid is a working body, the device work happens similarly above described.
One part of molecules of a liquid influences the piston 2 or hollow 4 in the piston bottom, pushing it to the lower dead-point, other part of molecules of a liquid influences the cylinder 1 head or hollow 3 in the cylinder 1 head, and being reflected creates an additional effort on the piston 2.
Electromagnetic and shock waves and also molecules of a liquid having high energy, are reflected from the mirror working surface 5 of chamber, that ensures effective transformation of kinetic energy of molecules of a liquid and waves energy into useful work.
The offered construction of the working chamber allows to increase a power of the piston machine and efficiency by 1,5-2 times.
Using of the piston machine as the compressor the inverse process takes place, i.e. rotation of the driving shaft (is not shown) causes moving of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 , the piston 2 compresses a working body as gas or the vapour with consequent transfer it into the delivery pipe (is not shown). It also allows to increase a power of the machine and its efficiency by 1, 5-2 times.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The invention concerns to a mechanical engineering, namely to piston machines for the transformation of pistons reciprocating movement to shaft rotary movement, and vice versa, and can be used for designing and manufacturing of combustion engines or compressors.
The invention does not require new materials or production technologies.

Claims

I . The working chamber of piston machine, which is formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a pyramid, with top directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
2. The working chamber on item 1 distinguished by that the working chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
3. The working chamber on items 1 or 2, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
4. The working chamber on items 1, 2 or 3, distinguished by that the base of a pyramid has form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
5. The working chamber on items 1, 2, 3 or 4, distinguished by that the piston bottom and each of edges of a pyramid form an angle 40-50°.
6. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
7. The working chamber on item 6 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
8. The working chamber on items 6 or 7, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
9. The working chamber on items 6, 7 or 8, distinguished by that each from the bases of a truncated pyramid has the form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
10. The working chamber on items 6, 7, 8 or 9, distinguished by that the piston bottom and each from edges of a truncated pyramid form an angle 40-50°.
I I . The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has the conic form with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
12. The working chamber on item 11 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
13. The working chamber on items 11 or 12, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
14. The working chamber on items 11, 12 or 13, distinguished by that the piston bottom and cone surface generatrix form an angle 40-50 °.
15. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
16. The working chamber on item 15 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
17. The working chamber on items 15 or 16, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
18. The working chamber on items 15, 16 or 17, distinguished by that the piston bottom and generatrix of lateral surface of truncated cone form an angle 40-50 °
19. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid.
20. The working chamber on item 19 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
21. The working chamber on items 19 or 20, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
22. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
23. The working chamber on item 22 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
24. The working chamber on items 22 or 23, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
25. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
26. The working chamber on item 25 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed minor for wave effect reflecting.
27. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow is executed in the form of a snail cavity.
28. The working chamber on item 27 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
29. The working chamber on items 27 or 28, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
30. The working chamber on items 27 or 28, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the fomi of a trapezoid.
31. The working chamber on item 27 or 28, distinguished by that the hollow is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
32. The working chamber on items 27 or 28, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
33. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the piston bottom and, at least, one hollow in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow is executed in the form of a ring cavity.
34. The working chamber on item 33 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
35. The working chamber on items 33 or 34, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
36. The working chamber on items 33 or 34, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
37. The working chamber on items 33 or 34, distinguished by that the hollow is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
38. The working chamber on items 33 or 34, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
39. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a pyramid with top directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
40. The working chamber on item 39 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
41. The working chamber on items 39 or 40, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
42. The working chamber on items 39, 40 or 41, distinguished by that the base of a pyramid has form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
43. The working chamber on items 39, 40, 41 or 42 distinguished by that the cylinder head and each from edges of a pyramid form an angle 40- 50°
44. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a truncated pyramid with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
45. The working chamber on item 44 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
46. The working chamber on items 44 or 45, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
47. The working chamber on items 44, 45 or 46, distinguished by that each from the base of a truncated pyramid has form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
48. The working chamber on items 44, 45, 46 or 47, distinguished by that the cylinder head and each from edges of a truncated pyramid form an angle 40-50°.
49. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has the conic fomi with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
50. The working chamber on item 49 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
51. The working chamber on items 49 or 50, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
52. The working chamber on items 49, 50 or 51, distinguished by that the cylinder head and generatrix of cone surface form an angle 40-50°
53. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
54. The working chamber on item 53 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
55. The working chamber on items 53 or 54, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
56. The working chamber on items 53, 54 or 55, distinguished by that the cylinder head and generatrix of lateral surface of truncated cone form an angle 40-50°
57. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid.
58. The working chamber on item 57 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
59. The working chamber on items 57 or 58, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
60. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
61. The working chamber on item 60 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
62. The working chamber on items 60 or 61, distinguished by that in presence more than one hollow they have different volume.
63. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
64. The working chamber on item 63 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
65. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow is executed in the form of a snail cavity.
66. The working chamber on item 65 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
67. The working chamber on items 65 or 66, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
68. The working chamber on items 65 or 66, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
69. The working chamber on items 65 or 66, distinguished by that the hollow is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
70. The working chamber on items 65 or 66, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
71. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by the cylinder head and, at least, one hollow in the piston bottom distinguished by that the hollow is executed in the form of a ring cavity.
72. The working chamber on item 71 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
73. The working chamber on items 71 or 72, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
74. The working chamber on items 71 or 72, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
75. The working chamber on items 71 or 72, distinguished by that the hollow is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
76. The working chamber on items 71 or 72, distinguished by that the hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
77. The working chamber of piston machine, formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the form of a pyramid, and the tops of pyramids directed to the opposite sides.
78. The working chamber on item 77 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
79. The working chamber on items 77 or 78, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
80. The working chamber on items 77, 78 or 79, distinguished by that the base of a pyramid has form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
81. The working chamber on items 77, 78, 79 or 80, distinguished by that the edges of the opposite located pyramids fomi among themselves an angle 80-100°.
82. The working chamber of piston machine, formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the fom of a truncated pyramid, and the smaller bases of truncated pyramids directed to the opposite sides.
83. The working chamber on item 82 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
84. The working chamber on items 82 or 83, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
85. The working chamber on items 82, 83 or 84 distinguished by that each from the bases of a truncated pyramid has form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
86. The working chamber on items 82, 83, 84 or 85, distinguished by that the edges of the opposite located truncated pyramids form among themselves an angle 80-100°.
87. The working chamber of piston machine, formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the conic form, the tops of cones directed to the opposite sides.
88. The working chamber on item 87 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
89. The working chamber on items 87 or 88, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
90. The working chamber on items 87, 88 or 89, distinguished by that the lateral surfaces of cones of directed to each other hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head form an angle 80-100°.
91. The working chamber of piston machine, formed, at least, by two hollows, one - in the piston bottom, other - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the form of a truncated cone, the smaller bases of truncated cones directed to the opposite sides.
92. The working chamber on item 91 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
93. The working chamber on items 91 or 92, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
94. The working chamber on items 91, 92 or 93, distinguished by that the lateral surfaces of truncated cones of directed to each other hollows in the piston bottom and in the cylinder head form an angle 80-100°.
95. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid.
96. The working chamber on item 95 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
97. The working chamber on items 95 or 96, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
98. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one — in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each hollow has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
99. The working chamber on item 98 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
100. The working chamber on items 98 or 99, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
101. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows has the form of a snail cavity.
102. The working chamber on item 101 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
103. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
104. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
105. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that the hollows are limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
106. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
107. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
108. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
109. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
110. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
111. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
112. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
113. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
114. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
115. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
116. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
117. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
118. The working chamber on items 101 or 102, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
119. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each from hollows is executed in the form of a ring cavity.
120. The working chamber on item 119 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
121. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
122. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
123. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that the hollows are limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
124. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that the hollows have in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
125. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
126. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
127. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
128. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
129. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
130. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
131. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
132. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
133. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is limited in a longitudinal section by a semicircle or arc, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the stepped form.
134. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the stepped form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the triangular form.
135. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the stepped form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and each of hollows in the cylinder head has in a longitudinal section of the working chamber the form of a trapezoid.
136. The working chamber on items 119 or 120, distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the stepped form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is limited in a longitudinal section of the working chamber by a semicircle or arc.
137. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the form of a pyramid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head - form of a truncated pyramid, herewith top of a pyramid and smaller base of a truncated pyramid directed to the opposite sides.
138. The working chamber on item 137 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
139. The working chamber on items 137 or 138, distinguished by that the bases of a pyramid and truncated pyramid have form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
140. The working chamber on items 137, 138 or 139, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
141. The working chamber on items 137, 138, 139 or 140, distinguished by that the edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid fonn among themselves an angle 80-100°.
142. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by two hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the fomi of a truncated pyramid, and each of hollows in the head of the cylinder- form of a pyramid, herewith top of a pyramid and smaller base of a truncated pyramid directed to the opposite sides.
143. The working chamber on item 142 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
144. The working chamber on items 142 or 143, distinguished by that hollows have different volume.
145. The working chamber on items 142, 143 or 144, distinguished by that the bases of a pyramid and of truncated pyramid have form of a polygon containing, at least, three angles.
146. The working chamber on items 142, 143, 144 or 145, distinguished by that the edges of a pyramid and truncated pyramid form among themselves an angle 80-100°.
147. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
148. The working chamber on item 147 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
149. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the cylinder head has the form of a paraboloid or spherical segment, and each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
150. The working chamber on item 149 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
151. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed conic with cone top directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
152. The working chamber on item 151 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
153. The working chamber on items 150 or 151, distinguished by that the lateral surfaces of a cone and truncated cone form an angle 80-100°.
154. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one -in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and each of hollows in the cylinder head - in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
155. The working chamber on item 154 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
156. The working chamber on items 154 or 155, distinguished by that the lateral surfaces of a cone and truncated cone form an angle 80- 100°.
157. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the cylinder head has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head.
158. The working chamber on item 157 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
159. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom has the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid and each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom.
160. The working chamber on item 159 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
161. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that the hollow in the piston bottom is executed conic with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and the hollow in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
162. The working chamber on item 161 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
163. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed conic, with top of a cone directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and each of hollows in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
164. The working chamber on item 163 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
165. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the cylinder head, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
166. The working chamber on item 165 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
167. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a truncated cone with the smaller base directed to the opposite to the piston bottom, and each of hollows in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
168. The working chamber on item 167 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
169. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the piston bottom is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of hollows in the cylinder head is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
170. The working chamber on item 169 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
171. The working chamber of piston machine, formed by hollows, at least, one - in the piston bottom, and, at least, one - in the cylinder head distinguished by that each of hollows in the cylinder head is executed in the form of a hemisphere, spherical segment or paraboloid, and each of hollows in the piston bottom is W-form in a longitudinal section of the working chamber.
172. The working chamber on item 171 distinguished by that the chamber walls are executed mirror for wave effect reflecting.
PCT/KZ2003/000001 2002-12-26 2003-01-08 The working chamber of piston machine (variants) WO2004059144A1 (en)

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KZ20021655 2002-12-26
KZ021655.1 2002-12-26

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FR2925115A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Self-ignited and direct fuel injection type internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, has combustion chamber with wall comprising cavity having inclined sidewall with cavity angle corresponding to jet cone angle of injector
WO2009117990A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Erhard Giese Combustion chamber, particularly combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
DE102011116372A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Vladimir Borissovskiy Combustion chamber of a diesel engine
WO2013054187A2 (en) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Borissovskiy Vladimir Combustion chamber of an internal combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture and internal combustion chamber
US20170107935A1 (en) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Direct-injection internal combustion engine with piston, and method for producing a piston of an internal combustion engine of said type
US10352267B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2019-07-16 Richard William Condon Parabolic combustion engine
DE102018210565A1 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-01-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with several cylinders and at least one shutdown device

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DE3509381A1 (en) * 1985-03-15 1986-09-18 Jürgen 1000 Berlin Düring Combustion chamber design in internal combustion engines
US5211153A (en) * 1991-02-01 1993-05-18 Kioritz Corporation Two-cycle internal combustion gasoline engine cylinder
US5363820A (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-11-15 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Combustion chamber for air compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines
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US4182280A (en) * 1977-06-02 1980-01-08 Shekleton Jack R Vortex automotive combustion engine
GB2066896A (en) * 1979-12-10 1981-07-15 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Air-compression direct-injection internal combustion engine
DE3509381A1 (en) * 1985-03-15 1986-09-18 Jürgen 1000 Berlin Düring Combustion chamber design in internal combustion engines
US5211153A (en) * 1991-02-01 1993-05-18 Kioritz Corporation Two-cycle internal combustion gasoline engine cylinder
RU2049919C1 (en) 1992-04-30 1995-12-10 Виктор Данилович Старокожев Piston machine
US5363820A (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-11-15 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag Combustion chamber for air compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2925115A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2009-06-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Self-ignited and direct fuel injection type internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, has combustion chamber with wall comprising cavity having inclined sidewall with cavity angle corresponding to jet cone angle of injector
WO2009117990A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 Erhard Giese Combustion chamber, particularly combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
JP2014528555A (en) * 2011-10-14 2014-10-27 ボリソフスキー，ウラジミール Diesel engine combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a diesel engine combustion chamber, and diesel engine
US9739232B2 (en) 2011-10-14 2017-08-22 Vladimir Borissovskiy Igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine
DE102011116371A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Vladimir Borissovskiy Combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine
WO2013054188A2 (en) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Borissovskiy Vladimir Diesel engine combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine and diesel engine
WO2013054188A3 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-06-13 Borissovskiy Vladimir Diesel engine combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine and diesel engine
KR20140091002A (en) * 2011-10-14 2014-07-18 블라디미르 보리소브스키이 Diesel engine combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine and diesel engine
DE102011116372A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Vladimir Borissovskiy Combustion chamber of a diesel engine
JP2014529042A (en) * 2011-10-14 2014-10-30 ボリソフスキー，ウラジミール Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine, method for igniting fuel-air mixture, and internal combustion engine
KR101967865B1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2019-04-10 블라디미르 보리소브스키이 Diesel engine combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture in a combustion chamber of a diesel engine and diesel engine
WO2013054187A2 (en) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Borissovskiy Vladimir Combustion chamber of an internal combustion chamber, method for igniting a fuel-air mixture and internal combustion chamber
US20170107935A1 (en) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Direct-injection internal combustion engine with piston, and method for producing a piston of an internal combustion engine of said type
US10436147B2 (en) * 2015-10-14 2019-10-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Direct-injection internal combustion engine with piston, and method for producing a piston of an internal combustion engine of said type
US10352267B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2019-07-16 Richard William Condon Parabolic combustion engine
US10590883B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2020-03-17 Richard William Condon Parabolic combustion engine
US11053883B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2021-07-06 Richard William Condon Parabolic combustion engine
US11480130B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2022-10-25 Richard William Condon Parabolic combustion engine
DE102018210565A1 (en) 2018-06-28 2020-01-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with several cylinders and at least one shutdown device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2003123737A (en) 2005-02-20
AU2003202167A1 (en) 2004-07-22
AU2003202167A8 (en) 2004-07-22
RU2249718C1 (en) 2005-04-10

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