CN202065058U - Piston type internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Piston type internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN202065058U CN202065058U CN2011201697908U CN201120169790U CN202065058U CN 202065058 U CN202065058 U CN 202065058U CN 2011201697908 U CN2011201697908 U CN 2011201697908U CN 201120169790 U CN201120169790 U CN 201120169790U CN 202065058 U CN202065058 U CN 202065058U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a piston type internal combustion engine. An air cylinder (1) is an annular air cylinder, more than four sliding blocks (2) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the air cylinder (1), the air cylinder (1) is divided into more than four working chambers, and each working chamber is provided with an air inlet door (6), an air outlet door (7) and a piston (3). One end of a piston connecting rod (4) is connected with the piston (3), and the other end of the piston connecting rod (4) is connected with a main power shaft (5) of an annular center. Each sliding block (2) is provided with an oil spouting ignition device (8). Operation of the air inlet door (6), the air outlet door (7) and the sliding blocks (2) are controlled by a control system. The piston type internal combustion engine is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, solves problems in the existing reciprocating piston type internal combustion engine that power consumption is big, the air cylinder is easy to abrade, and a crankshaft is imbalance in stress. The piston type internal combustion engine can also solve problems existing in a rotor engine that a sealing plate is easy to abrade, waste exhausting is not thorough, torsion is too small, and the rotor engine can only be ignited by lighting and is difficult in manufacture and maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine technical field.
Background technique
Internal-combustion engine is a kind of energy conversion device, and the chemical energy of materials such as gasoline, diesel oil, rock gas is converted into heat energy by burning in cylinder, and heat energy is converted into mechanical energy by expansion, externally acting.On commercial automobile, generally use stroke piston combustion engine at present.
The stroke piston combustion engine machine is converted into heat energy with chemical energy in cylinder after, heat energy expands, and drive piston motion, thereby heat energy is converted into mechanical energy, be the torque that bent axle rotates by connecting rod with Conversion of energy again, externally acting.
Connecting rod is the groundwork mechanism of stroke piston combustion engine, is made up of body group, piston rod group and crankshaft-flywheel group.The body group is the skeleton of internal-combustion engine.The piston rod group is the to-and-fro motion of piston and the linkage unit that bent axle rotates, and the energy with reciprocating motion of the pistons in expansion stroke changes into the torque that bent axle rotates.The crankshaft-flywheel group comprises bent axle and flywheel, and bent axle is externally exported acting, and flywheel relies on inertia to drive reciprocating motion of the pistons by connecting rod behind expansion stroke, for other 3 strokes are prepared as inertia mechanism.
Existing stroke piston combustion engine machine mostly is the quartastroke engine machine, and a work cycle of quartastroke engine machine comprises aspirating stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke.The piston rod group changes into the energy of reciprocating motion of the pistons the torque of bent axle and flywheel rotation in expansion stroke.At other 3 strokes, piston relies on the rotator inertia of flywheel reciprocating.
The power loss that present stroke piston combustion engine existence causes because of moment changes and the problem of cylinder wear, specific as follows: in the initial moment of expansion stroke, piston is positioned at top dead center, piston rod and bent axle are in same vertical plane, piston rod is 0 to the opplied moment of bent axle, the active force maximum that this moment, the fuel blast produced, but force direction is vertical with point of action linear velocity direction, do not play promoting the effect that bent axle rotates, power loss is bigger.When piston neither was in top dead center and also is not in lower dead center, connecting rod and bent axle shape had a certain degree, and will produce certain cross component force like this, increased the frictional force between piston and cylinder wall, and the loss certain power is also accelerated the wearing and tearing of cylinder.And bent axle is subjected to force unbalance, less stable.
Also have a kind of well-knownly, but use seldom internal-combustion engine, Here it is triangular piston rotary engine machine, just rotary engine machine.This internal-combustion engine is that (he has solved key technology problems on the basis of summing up previous finding, succeeded in developing first rotary engine machine for Felix Wankel, 1902-1988) institute's model utility by German Fei Jiashi wankel.The rotary engine machine adopts three-apexed rotor to rotatablely move to control compression and discharging, and is different with the straight line motion of traditional piston reciprocating type motor.
The inner space of rotary engine engine housing always is divided into three working rooms.In the movement process of rotor, the volume of these three working rooms ceaselessly changes, and finishes air inlet, compression, burning and four processes of exhaust in the cycloidal cylinder body in succession.Each process all is that the diverse location in the cycloidal cylinder body carries out.
The movement characteristic of rotary engine machine is: when revolve round the sun around the output shaft center in the center of three-apexed rotor, three-apexed rotor itself is again around its center rotation.When three-apexed rotor rotates, be the ring gear at center and be the gear engagement at center with the three-apexed rotor center with the output shaft center, gear is fixed on the cylinder body and does not rotate, and ring gear is 3:2 with the ratio of the number of teeth of gear.Above-mentioned kinematic relation makes the movement locus on three-apexed rotor summit like the figure of eight.Three-apexed rotor is divided into three separate space to cylinder, and three spaces are successively finished air inlet, compression, acting and exhaust separately, and three-apexed rotor is from circling internal-combustion engine ignition acting three times.
The rotary engine machine has following shortcoming: owing to have only an apex seal between the adjacent cavity volume of three-apexed rotor engine, apex seal is that line contacts with cylinder body all the time, and changing all the time with the cylinder body position contacting on the apex seal, therefore three non-isolation (sealing) fully in firing chamber, the apex seal quick abrasions.And the rotary engine compression ratio is little, can only use Spark ignition type, can not just can not adopt diesel oil to do fuel with compression-ignited.The shape of rotor combustion chamber makes toxic emission not thorough.Because ring gear is 3:2 with the ratio of the number of teeth of gear, causes output shaft torque too low, can only use on automobile with small output volume, can not promote civilian.The manufacturing technology height of rotary engine machine, cost is somewhat expensive, promotes difficulty, and its unique mechanical structure also causes its difficult maintenance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model:
1, the existing existing transmission efficiency of stroke piston combustion engine is low, cylinder is easy to wear and the problem of bent axle discontinuity.
2, the existing existing toxic emission of rotary engine is not thoroughly, moment of torsion is too little, sealing part is easy to wear, can only adopt the problem of Spark ignition type, manufacturing and maintenance difficult.
The technical solution of the utility model: a kind of internal-combustion piston engine comprises cylinder, piston, piston rod, main power shaft, intake valve, exhaust valve and fuel injector igniter; Cylinder is an annular cylinder, evenly is provided with four with top slide block along circumference, and cylinder is separated into four above working rooms, and each working room is provided with intake valve, exhaust valve and piston; One end of piston rod is connected with piston, and the other end is connected with the main power shaft of annular center; Slide block is provided with fuel injector igniter; The motion of intake valve, exhaust valve and slide block is controlled by control system.
It is half air vent of piston head length that piston head has one length, and the left side is provided with the firing chamber, and the middle part is provided with the compressed gas storage chamber; Be provided with the firing chamber suction valve between firing chamber and the compressed gas storage chamber, control by control system; The compressed gas storage chamber is provided with automatic admission valve.
Slide block is identical inclined-plane, angle of inclination with the side of piston, and slider bottom is identical with the piston head radian.
Seal arrangement in cylinder, and rotates piston seal with piston, piston rod.
Cylinder is formed by the merging of two halves casing wall, seals applying and uses bolt at the place, outer of cylindrical.Inner circle offers an annulus.
The left side of exhaust valve is 1/2nd of a piston head length to the distance in the left side of adjacent sliders.
Control system can be a computerized control system, disposes the computer control panel; The work of slide block intake valve, exhaust valve and firing chamber suction valve is controlled by the computer control panel.
Control system can be a Machinery Control System also, disposes piston control mechanism, valve control machanism and slide block control mechanism, is linkage mechanism.Main power shaft is provided with cross top board, circular cam, intake valve control cam, exhaust valve control cam and slide block control cam; Wherein adopt flat key to be connected between cross top board and main power shaft, can slide vertically, and stretch out convex one side that push rod withstands on circular cam, circular cam is fixed on the internal-combustion engine housing and does not rotate.The piston control mechanism is installed on the piston rod, one end connects the firing chamber suction valve, the other end dependence valve spring withstands on the cross push rod plate and it is characterized in that: valve control machanism one end connects valve, and the other end withstands on intake valve control cam or the exhaust valve control cam.Slide block control mechanism one end connects slide block, and the other end relies on sliding block spring to withstand on the slide block control cam.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
1, adopt loop configuration, piston and main power shaft rotate synchronously, do not have the existing top dead center power loss of stroke piston combustion engine; Thrust is constant all the time to the moment of main power shaft, can not produce the cross component force to casing wall, has avoided this part power loss and cylinder wear.
2, each piston does work simultaneously, the main power shaft stress balance.
3, each circulation, main power shaft rotates a week, each piston acting twice, thrust is to the active force brachium of main power shaft, and moment of torsion is big.
4, compare rotary engine, exhaust gas discharging is more thorough.
5, compare rotary engine, each sealing part is the face contact, and sealing effect is relatively good, and is not easy to wear.
6, compare rotary engine, gas compression can be adopted compression-ignited or Spark ignition type than big.
7, structural type compactness, manufacturing and easy to maintenance.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 adopts the structural representation of computer control mode for the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the utility model structure of piston schematic representation;
Fig. 3 is the utility model cylinder sealed structural representation;
Fig. 4 the utility model piston and slide block movement concern schematic representation;
Fig. 5 is the forward structure schematic representation of the utility model machinery control;
Fig. 6 is the side direction structural representation of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 to Figure 10 is the utility model working procedure schematic representation.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, cylinder 1 is an annular cylinder, cylinder 1 upper edge circumference evenly is provided with four slide blocks 2, cylinder 1 is separated into 4 working rooms, be provided with piston 3, intake valve 6 and exhaust valve 7 in each working room, cylinder 1 is formed by the merging of two halves casing wall, seals applying and uses bolt at the place, outer of cylindrical, offer an annulus on the interior circle of cylinder 1 casing wall, the annulus place is provided with seal arrangement 9; Piston rod 4 is connected with piston 3 by the space of annulus, and the other end is connected with the main power shaft 5 that is positioned at annular center; Slide block 2 is provided with fuel injector igniter 8; Piston 3 tops have air vent c one, and length is half of top length; The left side is provided with firing chamber a, and the middle part is provided with compressed gas storage chamber b, is provided with firing chamber suction valve m between firing chamber a and the compressed gas storage chamber b, and compressed gas storage chamber b is provided with automatic admission valve n.
Present embodiment adopts computer control, and slide block 2, intake valve 6, exhaust valve 7 and firing chamber suction valve m control by computer.Slide block 2 is identical inclined-plane, angle of inclination with the side of piston 3, and slide block 2 bottoms are identical with the radian at piston 3 tops.Exhaust valve 7 left sides are 1/2nd of piston 3 top length to the distance in slide block 2 left sides.Seal arrangement 9 is sealed in piston 3 in the cylinder 1, and with piston 3, piston rod 4 rotations.
In the present embodiment, piston 3 has 4, and mutual spacing is identical, and piston 3 is done clockwise motion in cylinder.Piston 3 is movement process such as Fig. 4 during through slide blocks 2, and when each piston 3 moved to spacing with slide block 2 and is 0, slide block 2 moved upward, piston 3 continues motion simultaneously, because the existence on inclined-plane,, can regard slide block 2 as and move upward along the inclined-plane of piston 3 if be object of reference with piston 3; When moving to slide block 2 bottoms and piston 3 tops and maintain an equal level, slide block 2 stop motions, piston 3 keeps its motion, and the bottom connection of top and slide block 2 touches and forms sealing; Move to the moment that its top and slide block 2 bottoms disengage at piston 3, slide block 2 moves downward up to slide block 2 and gets back to initial position, and this process is if be object of reference with piston 3, can regard slide block 2 as and move downward along the inclined-plane of piston 3.
The open and close of set automatic admission valve n on the piston 3, by the pressure difference decision of entering automatic admission valve n both sides, have only when gas pressure intensity in the automatic admission valve n rightward space greater than compressed gas storage chamber b in barometric pressure of gas pressure intensity when above, just can open, otherwise be in closed condition.
Circuit working procedure of present embodiment is as follows, and the working state of 4 pistons 3 is identical at any time, and will finish 2 air-breathing, compressions, acting and exhaust stroke each one week of piston motion.
As shown in Figure 7, piston 3 begins to do exercises clockwise from shown position, and be full of air in the cylinder 1 this moment, intake valve 6 is opened, and exhaust valve 7 cuts out, and compresses the air of its front space during piston 3 motions, automatic admission valve n opens, and gas enters compressed gas storage chamber b; And the rear space of piston 3 motions begins air-breathing.4 pistons 3 carry out suction stroke and the compression stroke for the first time first time simultaneously.
When piston 3 moves to slide block 2 left sides for the first time, compression stroke finishes for the first time, slide block 2 moves upward, automatic admission valve n closes, be full of pressurized gas among the b of compressed gas storage chamber, piston 3 moves to slide block 2 right sides through slide block 2 then, and intake valve 6 is closed, and suction stroke finishes for the first time.
Move to position shown in Figure 8, at this moment, be full of air in the cylinder 1, firing chamber suction valve m opens rapidly, and high temperature and high pressure gas pours firing chamber a at a high speed, when firing chamber a air pressure is identical with compressed gas storage chamber b air pressure, firing chamber suction valve m closes rapidly, and fuel injector igniter 8 is started working then, and expansion stroke begins for the first time, combustion gas promotes piston 3 and continues motion, compresses the gas in its place ahead during piston 3 motions.4 pistons 3 carry out simultaneously the first time expansion stroke with compression stroke for the second time.
When piston 3 applied to slide block 2 left sides for the second time, compression stroke finished for the second time,, automatic admission valve n opens, and compressed air enters compressed gas storage chamber b, and piston 3 moves to slide block 2 right sides through slide block 2 then, and expansion stroke finishes for the first time.
Move to position shown in Figure 9, be full of waste gas in the cylinder 1 this moment, exhaust valve 7 is opened, firing chamber suction valve m opens, compressed gas storage chamber b and firing chamber a UNICOM, firing chamber suction valve m closes back fuel injector igniter 8 and starts working, and expansion stroke begins for the second time, and piston 3 begins the waste gas in the cylinder 1 is discharged simultaneously.4 pistons 3 are done expansion stroke and the exhaust stroke first time for the second time simultaneously.
When piston 3 moved to slide block 2 left sides for the third time, exhaust valve 7 was still opened, and exhaust stroke finishes for the first time, and piston 3 moves to slide block 2 right sides through slide block 2 then, and expansion stroke finishes for the second time.
Move to position shown in Figure 10, this moment, cylinder 1 was full of waste gas, and intake valve 6 is opened, 7 of exhaust valves are so opened, and piston 3 relies on inertia to continue motion, and the waste gas in motion the place ahead is discharged, exhaust stroke begins for the second time, and while piston 3 motion rears begin air-breathing, and suction stroke begins for the second time.4 pistons 3 are done suction stroke and the exhaust stroke second time for the second time simultaneously.
When piston 3 moved to slide block 2 left sides the 4th time, exhaust stroke finished for the second time, and piston 3 moves to slide block 2 right sides through slide block 2 then, and suction stroke finishes for the second time, and exhaust valve 7 cuts out, and gets back to Fig. 7 state.
Embodiment 2:
Main power shaft 5 is provided with cross top board 14, circular cam 16, intake valve control cam 17, exhaust valve control cam 18 and slide block control cam 19; Wherein cross top board 14 adopts flat key to be connected with 5 of main power shafts, can slide vertically, and stretch out convex one side that push rod 15 withstands on circular cam 16, and circular cam 16 is fixed on the internal-combustion engine housing and does not rotate.Piston control mechanism 10 is installed on the piston rod 4, and an end connects firing chamber suction valve m, and the other end relies on valve spring 13 to withstand on the cross push rod plate 14; Valve control machanism 11 1 ends connect intake valve 6 or exhaust valve 7, and the other end withstands on intake valve control cam 17 or the exhaust valve control cam 18.Slide block control mechanism 12 1 ends connect slide block 2, and the other end relies on sliding block spring 20 to withstand on the slide block control cam 19.
The stock of piston control mechanism 10, valve control machanism 11 and slide block control mechanism 12 all can only move along its length, and the degrees of freedom of other directions is restrained.
The work cycle process of present embodiment and embodiment's 1 the same no longer repetition.
Claims (9)
1. internal-combustion piston engine, comprise cylinder (1), piston (3), piston rod (4), main power shaft (5), intake valve (6), exhaust valve (7) and fuel injector igniter (8), it is characterized in that: cylinder (1) is an annular cylinder, cylinder (1) upper edge circumference evenly is provided with four with top slide block (2), cylinder (1) is separated into four above working rooms, and each working room is provided with intake valve (6), exhaust valve (7) and piston (3); One end of piston rod (4) is connected with piston (3), and the other end is connected with the main power shaft (5) of annular center; Slide block (2) is provided with fuel injector igniter (8); The work of intake valve (6), exhaust valve (7) and slide block (2) is controlled by control system.
2. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is half air vent (c) of top length that piston (3) top has one length, and the left side is provided with firing chamber (a), and the middle part is provided with compressed gas storage chamber (b); Be provided with firing chamber suction valve (m) between firing chamber (a) and compressed gas storage chamber (b), control by control system; Compressed gas storage chamber (b) is provided with automatic admission valve (n).
3. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: slide block (2) is identical inclined-plane, angle of inclination with the side of piston (3), and slide block (2) bottom is identical with piston (3) top radian.
4. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cylinder (1) is formed by the merging of two halves casing wall, place, outer at cylindrical seals applying and uses bolt, offers an annulus on the interior circle of cylinder (1) casing wall, and the annulus place is provided with seal arrangement (9).
5. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: seal arrangement (9) is sealed in piston (3) in the cylinder (1), and with piston (3), piston rod (4) rotation.
6. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: exhaust valve (7) left side is 1/2nd of piston (a 3) top length to the spacing in adjacent sliders (2) left side.
7. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: control system is a computerized control system, disposes computer control panel (x).
8. internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: control system is a Machinery Control System, disposes piston control mechanism (10), valve control machanism (11) and slide block control mechanism (12); Main power shaft (5) is provided with cross top board (14), circular cam (16), intake valve control cam (17), exhaust valve control cam (18) and slide block control cam (19); Wherein adopt flat key to be connected between cross top board (14) and main power shaft (5), and stretch out convex one side that push rod (15) withstands on circular cam (16), circular cam (16) is fixed on the internal-combustion engine housing.
9. annular cylinder circulation internal-combustion piston engine according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: piston control mechanism (10) is installed on the piston rod (4), one end connects firing chamber suction valve (m), and the other end relies on valve spring (13) to withstand on the cross push rod plate (14); Valve control machanism (11) one ends connect intake valve (6) or exhaust valve (7), and the other end withstands on intake valve control cam (17) or the exhaust valve control cam (18); Slide block control mechanism (12) is a linkage mechanism, and an end connects slide block (3), and the other end relies on sliding block spring (20) to withstand on the slide block control cam (19).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN2011201697908U CN202065058U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN2011201697908U CN202065058U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
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CN202065058U true CN202065058U (en) | 2011-12-07 |
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CN2011201697908U Expired - Lifetime CN202065058U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102305130A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-01-04 | 郭革委 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
ITFR20130004A1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-12 | Cesidio Antonio Carpico | CARPICO TURBINE ENGINES (MARK N. 0001484420): THEY HAVE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, ROTARY, AS THE PISTONS HANGED TO A WHEEL AXLE IN THE CYLINDER. |
CN107620634A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-23 | 郭革委 | A kind of rotary combustion engine |
CN108443259A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 广州维纳斯家居股份有限公司 | A kind of annular hydraulic device and its circulatory motion method |
CN110344932A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 周信城 | Ring Cylinder engine |
WO2021017124A1 (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-04 | 江苏大学 | Rotary piston engine |
CN114856803A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-05 | 黄华 | Wheel-replacing relay type double-piston disc annular multi-cylinder crankshaft-free internal combustion engine |
WO2023062398A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | Liangui Li | Rotary engine |
-
2011
- 2011-05-25 CN CN2011201697908U patent/CN202065058U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102305130A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-01-04 | 郭革委 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
CN102305130B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2013-01-23 | 郭革委 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
ITFR20130004A1 (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-12 | Cesidio Antonio Carpico | CARPICO TURBINE ENGINES (MARK N. 0001484420): THEY HAVE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, ROTARY, AS THE PISTONS HANGED TO A WHEEL AXLE IN THE CYLINDER. |
CN107620634A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-23 | 郭革委 | A kind of rotary combustion engine |
CN108443259A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-08-24 | 广州维纳斯家居股份有限公司 | A kind of annular hydraulic device and its circulatory motion method |
CN110344932A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-18 | 周信城 | Ring Cylinder engine |
CN110344932B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-05-03 | 周信城 | Ring cylinder engine |
WO2021017124A1 (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-04 | 江苏大学 | Rotary piston engine |
US11300044B2 (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2022-04-12 | Jiangsu University | Rotary piston engine |
WO2023062398A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-20 | Liangui Li | Rotary engine |
GB2624997A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2024-06-05 | Li Liangui | Rotary engine |
CN114856803A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-05 | 黄华 | Wheel-replacing relay type double-piston disc annular multi-cylinder crankshaft-free internal combustion engine |
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Legal Events
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20111207 Effective date of abandoning: 20130306 |
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RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |