WO2004046303A1 - Process for reducing distillery spent wash to zero % pollution status - Google Patents
Process for reducing distillery spent wash to zero % pollution status Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004046303A1 WO2004046303A1 PCT/IN2003/000010 IN0300010W WO2004046303A1 WO 2004046303 A1 WO2004046303 A1 WO 2004046303A1 IN 0300010 W IN0300010 W IN 0300010W WO 2004046303 A1 WO2004046303 A1 WO 2004046303A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spent wash
- pressure
- reducing
- filter
- distillery
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000228957 Ferula foetida Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010041953 Staring Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12F—RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS; DENATURED ALCOHOL; PREPARATION THEREOF
- C12F3/00—Recovery of by-products
- C12F3/10—Recovery of by-products from distillery slops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
- B01D61/026—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration comprising multiple reverse osmosis steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
Process for reducing total volume of distillery spent wash during its unidirectional pressure circulation from spent wash reservoir into at least two series connected RO filter modules through a plumbing network and splitting said spent wash into clear or slightly coloured PERMEATE and REJECT streams thereby reducing by >50 % the total distillery spent wash characterised in that said PERMEATE being colourless or faintly coloured water suitable for recycle and said REJECT stream being suitable for composting and characterised further in that said plumbing network comprises a combination of equipments such as centrifugal pump; pressure regulating means; pressure actuated switches; fluid pressure monitoring gauges; stop cocks; means for adjusting spent wash pH to around 6.5 by addition of hydrochloric acid or alkali; a stirrer; a combination of sand filter for sieving suspended particles of 100 micron size; filter cartridge for sieving 10 micron particles; a pressure injector for injecting at preset intervals anti-scalant compound into said filtrate by a piston pump.
Description
Process for Reducing Distillery Spent Wash to ZERO% Pollution Status
More particularly this invention relates to a process for reducing >50% of total distillery spent wash into two streams, one forming PERMEA TE stream for recycling and the other REJECT stream for converting it suitable for composting thereby achieving ZERO% pollution status for safe disposal of spent wash emitted by ethyl alcohol manufacturing distilleries producing various grades of ethyl alcohol using various raw materials such as :
1. Molasses derived from sugar canes;
2. Sugar cane juice;
3. Starch obtained from various grains; and
4. Sugar syrup of various concentrations by total volume of feed stock effluent.
DEFINITIONS
For brevity sake the following expressions wherever appearing throughout this specification shall mean and include the meaning set against each expression as evaluated and practiced world-wide in terms of pollution control:
'RO' means Reverse Osmosis membrane filter technology; 'NF' means Nano Filter membrane technology; £UF' means Ultra Filter membrane technology; 'TDS' means Total Dissolved Solids; 'COD' means Chemical Oxygen Demand; 'PPM5 means Parts Per Million; 'BOD' means Biological Oxygen Demand; 'TSS' means Total Suspended Solids; 'PERMEATE' means colourless or pale coloured aqueous discharge mixed with dissolved solids which passes through RO, NF, UF and MF Modules; 'REJECT' means coloured liquid which has~not passed through RO, NF, UF, MF modules; 'SPENT WASH' means distillery effluentdfscharged by alcohol producing industries forming star ing feed stock for carrying out the process of this invention; 'PLUMBING NETWORK5 means a network comprising a combination of plumbing pipes, stop cocks, centrifugal pump, piston pump, fluid pressure regulators, pressure gauge, acid injector and other plumbing accessories connecting spent wash reservoir to at least two or more series connected RO filter modules for splitting spent wash discharged by ethyl
alcohol producing industry into colourless permeate and reject streams;
'MOLASSES' molasses derived from cane sugar and ethyl alcohol producing industries;
'MF' means Micro Filtration;
'PRESS MUD' means sludge coming out from cane sugar factory at sulfitation stage.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The process of this invention includes the steps of splitting into two streams total spent wash and reducing volume down to >5 % by extracting therefrom colourless or stightly coloured Permeate for recycling and a Reject fluid stream for composting during pressure circulation of said spent wash through herein described plumbing network connected to said spent wash reservoir and said RO filter modules thereby attaining ZERO% pollution status making surrounding atmosphere safe for all living beings and natural vegetation.
BACKGROUND OF PRIOR ART
Distilleries producing ethyl alcohol from various starting materials especially molasses derived from cane sugar give rise to large values of highly polluting aqueous effluent, which highry pollutes the surrounding atmosphere. Depending on characteristics of the technology used for fermentation and/or distifiatiou, the quantity of effluent can vary from about 9 to 15 liters per liter of ethyl alcohol produced. The said spent wash discharge has large values of COD, BOD, TDS or TSS as evaluated in terms of pollution control parameters practiced world wide. The total pollution control of the same can only be achieved either by concentration followed by incineration, aeration or by composting. However, the energy required for concentration process or the quantitative availability of composting material required for effective composting are the limiting factors to achieve the minimum standards prescribed by pollution control board. Success of pollution control depends on either the energy used for evaporation and incineration or the ratio of quantities of composting material to the volume of effluent. No other process for
pollution control in the field of Ethyl alcohol manufacture is known to achieve effective ZERO pollution status. The reduction of total volume of spent wash can only be achieved by spHtting the spent wash into Permeate and Reject streams by RO membrane technology with much less energy input compared to that of thermal evaporation. The reduction of volume by RO membrane technology accommodates the spent wash in the most desired ratio with the available quantity of composting material. Under the circumstances, the process for reduction of spent wash by RO membrane technology according to the process of this invention to reduce its total volume, offers a suitable, convenient and technically feasible remedy in terms of concentration either for incineration or composting, to attain effective ZERO% pollution status prescribed for distillery spent wash by Pollution Control Board.
PRIOR ART
The traditionally known prior art methods of pollution control which appeared to hold some promise till now are: i) Biogas generation followed by aeration to split and break polluting factors; ϋ) Thermal Concentration of polluting factors and followed by incineration; ϋi) Composting as fertiliser and or iv) Soil irrigation
However, none of them have proved to be either commercially viable or fully suitable for reducing pollution status. In spite of spHtting and breaking down 90% of the polluting Factors by biogas generation followed by aeration, no amount of forced aeration of the biogas effluent could split and break the balance 10% of indelibly coloured polluting factors. Although concentration of effluent followed by incineration proved to be technically more promising, the energy required to reduce it to the volume suitable for incineration and the capital costs involved made it unattractive and not a viable proposition . However, the composting alone of said distillery effluent was found to be an ineffective means for its disposal.
Thus, none of said prior art methods, though technically feasible, could bring about successful near ZERO% pollution control.
FILTRATION BY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY
Filtration of spent wash by membrane technology basically comprises of four filtration tecl iques e.g. a. RO (Reverse Osmosis) b. NF (Nanofiltration) c. UF (Ultra Filtration); and d. MF (Micro Filtration) wherein filter membranes themselves are formed from different materials of construction and configuration. In addition, filter methods in membrane technology can only be carried out by using three different types of configurations viz. spiral wound, hollow fiber and plate and frame configuration, I have observed mat out of above four filtration techniques only RO membrane technique is found to give colourless water enabling 100% recycling.
The proportion of water with dissolved solids in Permeate and Reject streams also depend on various configurations of membranes put into the respective filter modules.
My research in that behalf has revealed that: a) PERMEATE obtained using RO filter technology with minimum energy cost, is colourless and is found to be more than or equal to 50% of the original spent wash feed stock and cuts maximum of the TDS, COD in the spent wash and therefore, can easily pass the minimum pollution status prescribed for uie distillery industries. b) The reject stream when verified for composting is found to give good results and helps attain ZERO% pollution status prescribed by the Pollution control board c) The high TDS ranging from 5000 to 35000 ppm in such aqueous distillery spent wash under study produces choking and folding of said membranes. Thus flat plate and frame configuration of filter membrane RO nodule g v& best results in terms of long term continuity of flow rate and in that any interruption in said flow rate due to choking and fouling could be removed and original flow rate restored by back fl hing or chemical cleaning of said choked filters, which is impossible in any other configuration.
STATEMENT OF INVENTED PROCESS
Process for reducing total volume of distillery spent wash for recycling and converting tc ZERO % pollution status during its circulation through a plumbing network with minimum energy costs comprises a combination of a reservoir having an inlet and an outlet wherein said inlet being coupled to spentwash discharge outlet and said reservoir outlet being coupled to second or last of series connected filter member module, means for adjusting said effluent pH to around 6.5 by addition of acid such as hydrochloric acid or alkali; a stirrer, a centrifugal pump and accessories thereof, a combination of sand filter and a filter cartridge for respectively sieving and rejecting any suspended particles of 100 micron and 10 micron size; a pressure injector for injecting anti-sealant compound into said filtrate by a reciprocal pump maintaining present pressure during its circulation through said network coupled to two series connected filter membrane modules which converts it into PERMEATE suitable for recycle and REJECT for composting.
According to one embodiment to prevent and save wastage of emitted distillery spent wash said process is first primed by operating said equipment to operate in REC YLE mode for some time before starting the regular process cycle.
According to another embodiment any spent wash sample from any one of plurality of flat filter membranes connected to RO filter modules can be pulled out for analysing and verifying with original percentage of TDS and COD in said distillery spent wash.
While I have described a particular embodiment of my invented process I do not wish to limit myself to exact form shown which is susceptible of such changes and modifications which may be made by any person weH versed in the art and any such modification so made therein shall not vary from the salient features of the process herein described
Claims
1. Process for reducing volume of distillery spent wash during its unidirectional pressure circulation from spent wash reservoir into atieast two series connected RO filter modules through herein stated plumbing network and splitting said spent wash into clear or slightly coloured PERMEATE and REJECT streams thereby reducing by >50% the total distillery spent wash characterised in that said PERMEATE being colourless or faintly coloured water suitable for recycle and saicf REJECT stream being suitable for composting for and characterised further in that said plumbing network comprises a combination of herein stated equipments such as centrifugal pump; pressure regulating means; pressure actuated switches; fluid pressure monitoring gauges; stop cocks; means for adjusting spent wash pH to around 6.5 by addition of hydrochloric acid or alkali; a stirrer; a combination of sand filter for sieving suspended particles of 100 micron size; filter cartridge for sieving 10 micron particles; a pressure injector for injecting at preset intervals anti-sealant compound into said filtrate by a piston pump,
2. Process as claimed in Claim 1 wherein to prevent and save wastage of said spentwash said equipment is first primed by operating in RECYCLE mode for some time before starting regular process.
3. Process as claimed in Claims 1 and 2 wherein means being provided in flat bed RO filter modules for pulling out sample of spentwash for analysing it with original percentage of TDS and COD in said spent wash.
4. Process as claimed in Claims 1 to 3 wherein choking of any of said flat filter elements is capable of being chemically flushed or flushed with water under pressure or compressed flushing.
5. Process as claimed in Claims 1 to 4 wherε said REJECT stream on being mixed wϊra press mud forms a slurry for making agricultural compost.
6; Process for reducing distillery spent wasfr o ZER % pollution status substantially as herein described.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0315698A BRPI0315698B1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-01-20 | reducing the pollution rate of wastewater from distilleries to zero% |
| AU2003230186A AU2003230186A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-01-20 | Process for reducing distillery spent wash to zero % pollution status |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN999MU2002 | 2002-11-18 | ||
| IN999/MUM/2002 | 2002-11-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004046303A1 true WO2004046303A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
Family
ID=32321385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IN2003/000010 WO2004046303A1 (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2003-01-20 | Process for reducing distillery spent wash to zero % pollution status |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2003230186A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0315698B1 (en) |
| CO (1) | CO5690656A2 (en) |
| EC (1) | ECSP055810A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004046303A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4035517A (en) * | 1973-09-06 | 1977-07-12 | E. Remy Martin & Co. | Process for treating the residue from the distillation of white wine |
| GB2117267A (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1983-10-12 | John Gilmour Manuel | Ultrafiltration of fermentation effluent |
| US5480665A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1996-01-02 | Smith; Clark R. | Apparatus and method for removing compounds from a solution |
| GB2316683A (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-03-04 | Pernod Ricard | Recovery of copper from double distillation residues |
-
2003
- 2003-01-20 BR BRPI0315698A patent/BRPI0315698B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-20 WO PCT/IN2003/000010 patent/WO2004046303A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-01-20 AU AU2003230186A patent/AU2003230186A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-05-18 CO CO05048132A patent/CO5690656A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-05-20 EC EC2005005810A patent/ECSP055810A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4035517A (en) * | 1973-09-06 | 1977-07-12 | E. Remy Martin & Co. | Process for treating the residue from the distillation of white wine |
| GB2117267A (en) * | 1982-02-24 | 1983-10-12 | John Gilmour Manuel | Ultrafiltration of fermentation effluent |
| US5480665A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1996-01-02 | Smith; Clark R. | Apparatus and method for removing compounds from a solution |
| GB2316683A (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-03-04 | Pernod Ricard | Recovery of copper from double distillation residues |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WU Y V: "RECOVERY OF STILLAGE SOLUBLE SOLIDS FROM HARD AND SOFT WHEAT BY REVERSE OSMOSIS AND ULTRAFILTRATION", CEREAL CHEMISTRY, AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CEREAL CHEMISTS. MINNEAPOLIS, US, vol. 64, no. 4, 1 July 1987 (1987-07-01), pages 260 - 264, XP002030980, ISSN: 0009-0352 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0315698B1 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
| AU2003230186A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
| BR0315698A (en) | 2005-09-20 |
| CO5690656A2 (en) | 2006-10-31 |
| ECSP055810A (en) | 2005-11-22 |
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