WO2004040532A1 - Vehicle speed control device - Google Patents

Vehicle speed control device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004040532A1
WO2004040532A1 PCT/IB2003/004730 IB0304730W WO2004040532A1 WO 2004040532 A1 WO2004040532 A1 WO 2004040532A1 IB 0304730 W IB0304730 W IB 0304730W WO 2004040532 A1 WO2004040532 A1 WO 2004040532A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
speed
determining
viewfinder
orientation
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Application number
PCT/IB2003/004730
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernard Monnier
Original Assignee
Bernard Monnier
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bernard Monnier filed Critical Bernard Monnier
Priority to AU2003269420A priority Critical patent/AU2003269420A1/en
Publication of WO2004040532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004040532A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed
    • G08G1/054—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed photographing overspeeding vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for controlling the speed of vehicles, for example motor vehicles.
  • This type of device is well known.
  • the establishment of such devices requires a relatively long time.
  • control should be able to be done.
  • an apparatus for determining the position of the device by radio goniometry and an optical apparatus provided with a light source with laser radiation, generating a succession of incident signals at given times, and a sensor of the reflected signals by the vehicle.
  • the position determination device allows you to specify with certainty where the measurement was made. The geographic coordinates of this place can thus be directly integrated into the photo. The measurement of the geographical position of the vehicle carrying the measuring device therefore does not intervene in the determination of the speed of the infringing vehicle.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow speed control so as to be able to carry out a measurement at any uncovered location, for example from a helicopter.
  • the device further comprises: "a calculating member arranged to determine the instantaneous speed of the vehicle between two neighboring instants corresponding to the emission of two incident signals a by taking into account: - the position of the device at each of said moments, given by the device for determining the position, and - the distance between the optical device and the vehicle at each of said times, given by said optical device.
  • the helicopter In order to be able to make a measurement on the basis of this information alone, the helicopter must be at a constant height and remain fixed or move in the same direction as the vehicle being checked.
  • the device further comprises a viewfinder associated with the optical device for directing the incident signals towards the vehicle whose speed is to be measured.
  • the device for determining the position of the device further comprises means for determining the orientation of the viewfinder.
  • the calculating member is arranged so as to take into account the orientation of the viewfinder at each of said moments to determine said speed.
  • the vehicle and its driver can be identified by means of a camera arranged to operate simultaneously with the emission of the incident signals and to record an image relating to the vehicle as a whole and to its driver.
  • a second camera allows the capture of information arranged on an identification plate carried by the vehicle.
  • the light source emits infrared radiation.
  • the present invention also relates to a method implementing the device defined above. According to this process, the calculation unit determines the speed from the following operations:
  • the calculating member also determines the orientation of the device with respect to the terrestrial reference and the orientation of the vehicle with reference to the device.
  • the speed is defined by comparing several successive instantaneous speeds and by averaging them.
  • the instantaneous speeds are measured in a period of time of the order of a second.
  • a new measurement is carried out after the first when the measured speed exceeds a limit value.
  • Figure 1 shows, schematically, the general situation in which a vehicle speed measurement is carried out
  • Figure 2 shows the general configuration of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the parameters taken into account in the calculation of the speed of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows the general framework in which the measurement is carried out. The latter relates to a motor vehicle 10 in motion at a speed V a to be defined, on a route 12. The measurement is carried out from a helicopter 14 flying in the vicinity of route 12.
  • the helicopter 14 comprises a cockpit 14a, in which the pilot, an operator and a measuring equipment 16 are located, and a frame 14b placed below the cockpit 14a and carrying a measuring head 18.
  • the equipment 16 and the head 18 together form a control device intended to determine the speed V a .
  • the measuring equipment 16 is formed by a control table 20, a computer 22 and a clock 24.
  • the head 18 comprises several devices mounted on the same chassis 25 which can be rotated along two orthogonal axes by means of two motors 26 and 28 associated with the frame 14b and controlled by the table 20, so that the head 18 can sweep the space below the helicopter.
  • the head 18 more precisely comprises:
  • an optical device 30 provided with a light source 30a emitting a laser beam 32a and a sensor 30b arranged to receive a reflected signal 32b generated by the reflection of the beam 32a on the vehicle 10,
  • a viewfinder 36 for example a video camera, rigidly coupled to the optical device 30, the image of which is displayed on the table command 20, which allows the operator to orient the laser beam 32a on the vehicle 10 whose speed is to be measured,
  • an identification camera 38 making it possible to record, by optical means, enlarged optical information relating to the vehicle 10, for example a photograph of the number plate, and
  • the clock 24, the viewfinder 36, the camera 38 and the apparatus 40 are connected to the computer 22 so that the information relating to the moment when a measurement is made, to the vehicle considered and to the position of the helicopter are registered in a quasi-simultaneous and coordinated manner, in order to avoid any risk of confusion.
  • all of this information is gathered on paper, as proof of the measurement.
  • the device 16 thus constituted makes it possible to define the speed V a of the vehicle 10, as soon as the position P ⁇ of the head 18, the distance dyi between the head 18 and the vehicle 10 and orientation of the incident ray 32a. This is a simple trigonometry calculation, with no other accessible to those skilled in the art.
  • the operator located in the helicopter 14, directs the viewfinder 36 to a vehicle which has decided to control the velocity V a and controls the transmission of a series of pulses emitted by the source 30a in moments tj.
  • the distance d v is determined as follows. For each pulse i of the laser beam 32a sent by the source 30a, the sensor 30b receives a return signal 32b, after a time interval ⁇ ti as a function of the distance d; between the head 18 and the controlled vehicle 10. Knowing the position of the head 18, the distance dj and the angles ⁇ and ⁇ j, it is possible to determine an instantaneous position p V i of the vehicle 10, with reference to the helicopter 14. The position P v ; of the vehicle defined with respect to the ground can then be deduced from P grease- and from p V i-
  • the distance D v between two successive positions P V j and Pyi + i can be calculated and, knowing the time ⁇ necessary to pass from one to the other of these positions, the average speed of the vehicle V v can be deduced by calculation using the computer 22, by dividing the distance traveled D v by the time ⁇ between two measurements.
  • the helicopter is fixed during the measurement time (less than a second), it is possible to take into account only the position of the helicopter and its distance from the vehicle. More precisely, if the height of the helicopter with reference to the ground remains constant, the distance D v for two successive times ti and t2 can be obtained by the formula:.
  • the speed can then be determined as indicated above.
  • D v can be obtained by adding vectorially the distance traveled by the vehicle 10 and by the helicopter 14.
  • the pulses emitted by the source 32a are emitted in a period of time less than a second, so that the instantaneous speed of the vehicle practically does not vary. If the computer highlights large variations, it informs the operator, who can then start a new set of measurements.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (16, 18) which is used to control the speed (Va) of vehicles. The inventive device is characterised in that it combines: an apparatus (40) for determining the position of the device by means of radio direction finding; an optical apparatus (30) which is equipped with (i) a laser radiation light source (30a), producing a succession of incident signals (32a), and (ii) a sensor (30b) for the signals reflected (32b) by the vehicle (10); and a computing element (22) which is arranged to determine the spot speed (vi vi+1) of the vehicle between one instant and the next (ti, ti+1) corresponding to the emission of two incident signals (32a), taking account of the position of the device at each of said moments and the distance (dvi, dvi+1) between the optical device (30) and the vehicle (10) at each of said instants.

Description

DISPOSITIF DE CONTROLE DE LA VITESSE DE VEHICULES VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL DEVICE
La présente invention se rapporte aux dispositifs de contrôle de la vitesse de véhicules, par exemple de véhicules automobiles. Ce type de dispositif est bien connu. Il existe particulièrement des dispositifs fixes, disposés à demeure ou sporadiquement en un lieu donné, comportant conjointement un radar pour mesurer la vitesse et une caméra vidéo ou photographique, pour identifier le véhicule. La mise en place de tels dispositifs nécessite un temps relativement long. Par ailleurs, il est nécessaire qu'il soit disposé en un lieu discret pour présenter une certaine efficacité. Or, c'est parfois en des lieux très dégagés que le contrôle devrait pouvoir se faire.The present invention relates to devices for controlling the speed of vehicles, for example motor vehicles. This type of device is well known. There are particularly fixed devices, permanently or sporadically arranged in a given place, jointly comprising a radar to measure speed and a video or photographic camera to identify the vehicle. The establishment of such devices requires a relatively long time. In addition, it is necessary that it is arranged in a discreet place to present a certain effectiveness. However, it is sometimes in very open places that control should be able to be done.
Certaines polices ont équipé des hélicoptères de matériel photographique et disposé des marques sur les routes à contrôler. De la sorte, il est possible de déterminer la vitesse d'un véhicule par deux photos successives. Cette solution nécessite des aménagements au sol, ce qui implique aussi obligatoirement que le contrôle se fait en des endroits précis.Certain police forces equipped helicopters with photographic equipment and placed marks on the roads to be checked. In this way, it is possible to determine the speed of a vehicle by two successive photos. This solution requires adjustments to the ground, which also necessarily implies that the control is done in specific locations.
Un dispositif de mesure de la vitesse disposé sur un véhicule est décrit dans le document US 5,515,042. Il comprend :A speed measuring device disposed on a vehicle is described in document US 5,515,042. He understands :
" un appareil de détermination de la position du dispositif par radio-goniométrie, et " un appareil optique muni d'une source de lumière à rayonnement laser, engendrant une succession de signaux incidents en des instants donnés, et d'un capteur des signaux réfléchis par le véhicule. L'appareil de détermination de la position permet de préciser avec certitude à quel endroit la mesure a été effectuée. Les coordonnées géographiques de cet endroit peuvent ainsi être directement intégrées sur la photo. La mesure de la position géographique du véhicule portant le dispositif de mesure n'intervient donc pas dans la détermination de la vitesse du véhicule en infraction. Le but de la présente invention est de permettre un contrôle de la vitesse de manière à pouvoir effectuer une mesure en n'importe quel endroit découvert, par exemple depuis un hélicoptère. Ce but est atteint grâce au fait que le dispositif comporte, en outre : " un organe de calcul agencé pour déterminer la vitesse instantanée du véhicule entre deux instants voisins correspondant à l'émission de deux signaux incidents a en prenant en compte : - la position du dispositif à chacun desdits moments, donnée par l'appareil de détermination de la position, et - la distance comprise entre l'appareil optique et le véhicule en chacun desdits instants, donnée par ledit appareil optique ."an apparatus for determining the position of the device by radio goniometry, and" an optical apparatus provided with a light source with laser radiation, generating a succession of incident signals at given times, and a sensor of the reflected signals by the vehicle. The position determination device allows you to specify with certainty where the measurement was made. The geographic coordinates of this place can thus be directly integrated into the photo. The measurement of the geographical position of the vehicle carrying the measuring device therefore does not intervene in the determination of the speed of the infringing vehicle. The object of the present invention is to allow speed control so as to be able to carry out a measurement at any uncovered location, for example from a helicopter. This object is achieved thanks to the fact that the device further comprises: "a calculating member arranged to determine the instantaneous speed of the vehicle between two neighboring instants corresponding to the emission of two incident signals a by taking into account: - the position of the device at each of said moments, given by the device for determining the position, and - the distance between the optical device and the vehicle at each of said times, given by said optical device.
Pour pouvoir effectuer une mesure sur la base de ces seules informations, il est nécessaire que l'hélicoptère se trouve à une hauteur constante et reste fixe ou qu'il se déplace dans la même direction que le véhicule contrôlé. Afin de permettre des conditions de travail permettant une meilleure adaptation à l'environnement, le dispositif comporte, en outre, un viseur associé à l'appareil optique pour diriger les signaux incidents vers le véhicule dont la vitesse doit être mesurée. L'appareil de détermination de la position du dispositif comporte, en outre, des moyens de détermination de l'orientation du viseur. De plus, l'organe de calcul est agencé de manière à prendre en compte l'orientation du viseur à chacun desdits moments pour déterminer ladite vitesse.In order to be able to make a measurement on the basis of this information alone, the helicopter must be at a constant height and remain fixed or move in the same direction as the vehicle being checked. In order to allow working conditions allowing better adaptation to the environment, the device further comprises a viewfinder associated with the optical device for directing the incident signals towards the vehicle whose speed is to be measured. The device for determining the position of the device further comprises means for determining the orientation of the viewfinder. In addition, the calculating member is arranged so as to take into account the orientation of the viewfinder at each of said moments to determine said speed.
L'identification du véhicule et de son conducteur peut être réalisée au moyen d'une caméra agencée pour fonctionner simultanément à l'émission des signaux incidents et pour enregistrer une image relative au véhicule dans son ensemble et à son conducteur. Une seconde caméra permet la saisie d'informations disposées sur une plaque d'identification que porte le véhicule. De manière avantageuse, la source de lumière émet un rayonnement infrarouge.The vehicle and its driver can be identified by means of a camera arranged to operate simultaneously with the emission of the incident signals and to record an image relating to the vehicle as a whole and to its driver. A second camera allows the capture of information arranged on an identification plate carried by the vehicle. Advantageously, the light source emits infrared radiation.
La présente invention se rapporte également à un procédé mettant en oeuvre le dispositif défini ci-dessus. Selon ce procédé, l'organe de calcul détermine la vitesse à partir des opérations suivantes :The present invention also relates to a method implementing the device defined above. According to this process, the calculation unit determines the speed from the following operations:
" déterminer, à la réception des signaux réfléchis, la distance du véhicule en référence au dispositif, " déterminer, au moment de ladite réception, la position du dispositif par rapport à une référence terrestre, " calculer la distance parcourue par le véhicule entre deux réceptions successives, et " déterminer la vitesse instantanée du véhicule en divisant la distance parcourue par le temps mis pour la parcourir."determine, on reception of the reflected signals, the distance of the vehicle with reference to the device," determine, at the time of said reception, the position of the device with respect to a terrestrial reference, "calculate the distance traveled by the vehicle between two receptions successive, and "determine the instantaneous speed of the vehicle by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken to travel it.
De manière avantageuse, l'organe de calcul détermine, en outre, l'orientation du dispositif par rapport à la référence terrestre et l'orientation du véhicule en référence au dispositif.Advantageously, the calculating member also determines the orientation of the device with respect to the terrestrial reference and the orientation of the vehicle with reference to the device.
Afin d'éviter toute ambiguïté, la vitesse est définie en comparant plusieurs vitesses instantanées successives et en les moyennant. De manière avantageuse, les vitesses instantanées sont mesurées dans un laps de temps de l'ordre de la seconde.In order to avoid any ambiguity, the speed is defined by comparing several successive instantaneous speeds and by averaging them. Advantageously, the instantaneous speeds are measured in a period of time of the order of a second.
Pour s'assurer qu'aucune contestation ne soit possible, une nouvelle mesure est effectuée à la suite de la première lorsque la vitesse mesurée dépasse une valeur limite.To ensure that no dispute is possible, a new measurement is carried out after the first when the measured speed exceeds a limit value.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui va suivre, faite en regard du dessin annexé, dans lequel:Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
" La figure 1 représente, de manière schématique, la situation générale dans laquelle s'effectue une mesure de vitesse de véhicule ; " La figure 2 montre la configuration générale du dispositif selon l'invention ; et"Figure 1 shows, schematically, the general situation in which a vehicle speed measurement is carried out; "Figure 2 shows the general configuration of the device according to the invention; and
" La figure 3 est un diagramme montrant les paramètres pris en compte dans le calcul de la vitesse d'un véhicule. La figure 1 montre le cadre général dans lequel s'effectue la mesure. Cette dernière se rapporte à un véhicule automobile 10 en mouvement à une vitesse Va à définir, sur une route 12. La mesure est effectuée à partir d'un hélicoptère 14 volant dans le voisinage de la route 12."FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the parameters taken into account in the calculation of the speed of a vehicle. FIG. 1 shows the general framework in which the measurement is carried out. The latter relates to a motor vehicle 10 in motion at a speed V a to be defined, on a route 12. The measurement is carried out from a helicopter 14 flying in the vicinity of route 12.
L'hélicoptère 14 comprend un cockpit 14a, dans lequel se trouvent le pilote, un opérateur ainsi qu'un équipement de mesure 16, et une armature 14b disposée en dessous du cockpit 14a et portant une tête de mesure 18. L'équipement 16 et la tête 18 forment ensemble un dispositif de contrôle destiné à déterminer la vitesse Va.The helicopter 14 comprises a cockpit 14a, in which the pilot, an operator and a measuring equipment 16 are located, and a frame 14b placed below the cockpit 14a and carrying a measuring head 18. The equipment 16 and the head 18 together form a control device intended to determine the speed V a .
L'équipement de mesure 16 est formé d'une table de commande 20, d'un ordinateur 22 et d'une horloge 24.The measuring equipment 16 is formed by a control table 20, a computer 22 and a clock 24.
La tête 18 comporte plusieurs appareils montés sur un même châssis 25 lequel peut être tourné selon deux axes orthogonaux au moyen de deux moteurs 26 et 28 associés à l'armature 14b et commandés par la table 20, de manière à ce que la tête 18 puisse balayer l'espace se trouvant en dessous de l'hélicoptère.The head 18 comprises several devices mounted on the same chassis 25 which can be rotated along two orthogonal axes by means of two motors 26 and 28 associated with the frame 14b and controlled by the table 20, so that the head 18 can sweep the space below the helicopter.
Comme le montre la figure 2, la tête 18 comprend plus précisément :As shown in FIG. 2, the head 18 more precisely comprises:
" un appareil optique 30 muni d'une source de lumière 30a émettant un rayon laser 32a et d'un capteur 30b agencé pour recevoir un signal réfléchi 32b généré par la réflexion du rayon 32a sur le véhicule 10,"an optical device 30 provided with a light source 30a emitting a laser beam 32a and a sensor 30b arranged to receive a reflected signal 32b generated by the reflection of the beam 32a on the vehicle 10,
" un viseur 36, par exemple une caméra vidéo, accouplé rigidement à l'appareil optique 30, dont l'image est affichée sur la table de commande 20, qui permet à l'opérateur d'orienter le rayon laser 32a sur le véhicule 10 dont la vitesse doit être mesurée,"a viewfinder 36, for example a video camera, rigidly coupled to the optical device 30, the image of which is displayed on the table command 20, which allows the operator to orient the laser beam 32a on the vehicle 10 whose speed is to be measured,
" une caméra d'identification 38 permettant d'enregistrer par voie optique des informations optiques agrandies, relatives au véhicule 10, par exemple une photographie de la plaque minéralogique, et"an identification camera 38 making it possible to record, by optical means, enlarged optical information relating to the vehicle 10, for example a photograph of the number plate, and
" un appareil 40 de détermination par radiogoniométrie de la position Pt de la tête 18, avantageusement du type connu sous l'abréviation de GPS, agencé pour permettre de déterminer en tout temps sa longitude L., sa latitude lt et son altitude ht, ainsi que l'orientation du rayon 32a en référence au nord, définie par l'angle αt, et en référence à l'horizontal, définie par l'angle βt."A unit 40 for determining by finding the position P t of the head 18, advantageously of the type known under the abbreviation GPS, arranged to allow to determine at any time longitude L., Latitude and altitude l t h t , as well as the orientation of the radius 32a with reference to the north, defined by the angle α t , and with reference to the horizontal, defined by the angle β t .
L'horloge 24, le viseur 36, la caméra 38 et l'appareil 40 sont reliés à l'ordinateur 22 de manière à ce que les informations relatives au moment où une mesure est effectuée, au véhicule considéré et à la position de l'hélicoptère soient enregistrées de manière quasi simultanée et coordonnée, afin d'éviter tout risque de confusion. De manière avantageuse, toutes ces informations sont regroupées sur un support papier, comme preuve de la mesure.The clock 24, the viewfinder 36, the camera 38 and the apparatus 40 are connected to the computer 22 so that the information relating to the moment when a measurement is made, to the vehicle considered and to the position of the helicopter are registered in a quasi-simultaneous and coordinated manner, in order to avoid any risk of confusion. Advantageously, all of this information is gathered on paper, as proof of the measurement.
Le dispositif 16 ainsi constitué permet de définir la vitesse Va du véhicule 10, dès lors qu'on connaît en deux instants successifs la position P^ de la tête 18, la distance dyi comprise entre la tête 18 et le véhicule 10 ainsi que l'orientation du rayon incident 32a. Il s'agit là d'un simple calcul de trigonométrie, sans autre accessible à l'homme du métier.The device 16 thus constituted makes it possible to define the speed V a of the vehicle 10, as soon as the position P ^ of the head 18, the distance dyi between the head 18 and the vehicle 10 and orientation of the incident ray 32a. This is a simple trigonometry calculation, with no other accessible to those skilled in the art.
Pour effectuer une mesure, l'opérateur, installé dans l'hélicoptère 14, oriente le viseur 36 vers un véhicule dont il a décidé de contrôler la vitesse Va, puis commande l'émission d'une série d'impulsions émises par la source 30a en des instants tj. La détermination de la distance dv s'effectue de la manière suivante. Pour chaque impulsion i du rayon laser 32a envoyée par la source 30a, le capteur 30b reçoit un signal de retour 32b, après un intervalle de temps Δti fonction de la distance d; comprise entre la tête 18 et le véhicule contrôlé 10. Connaissant la position de la tête 18, la distance dj et les angles \ et βj, il est possible de déterminer une position instantanée pVi du véhicule 10, en référence à l'hélicoptère 14. La position Pv; du véhicule définie par rapport au sol peut être ensuite déduite de P„- et de pVi-To perform a measurement, the operator, located in the helicopter 14, directs the viewfinder 36 to a vehicle which has decided to control the velocity V a and controls the transmission of a series of pulses emitted by the source 30a in moments tj. The distance d v is determined as follows. For each pulse i of the laser beam 32a sent by the source 30a, the sensor 30b receives a return signal 32b, after a time interval Δti as a function of the distance d; between the head 18 and the controlled vehicle 10. Knowing the position of the head 18, the distance dj and the angles \ and βj, it is possible to determine an instantaneous position p V i of the vehicle 10, with reference to the helicopter 14. The position P v ; of the vehicle defined with respect to the ground can then be deduced from P „- and from p V i-
Si les impulsions sont données à des intervalles de temps τ, la distance Dv comprise entre deux positions successives PVj et Pyi+i peut être calculée et, connaissant le temps τ nécessaire pour passer de l'une à l'autre de ces positions, la vitesse moyenne du véhicule Vv peut être déduite par calcul au moyen de l'ordinateur 22, en divisant la distance parcourue Dv par le temps τ compris entre deux mesures. Comme le montre la figure 3, il est possible d'obtenir une information précise de manière beaucoup plus simple. Dans la mesure où l'hélicoptère est fixe durant le temps de la mesure (inférieur à la seconde), il est possible de ne prendre en compte que la position de l'hélicoptère et sa distance d'avec le véhicule. Plus précisément, si la hauteur de l'hélicoptère en référence au sol reste constante, la distance Dv pour deux instant successifs ti et t2 peut être obtenue par la formule :.If the pulses are given at time intervals τ, the distance D v between two successive positions P V j and Pyi + i can be calculated and, knowing the time τ necessary to pass from one to the other of these positions, the average speed of the vehicle V v can be deduced by calculation using the computer 22, by dividing the distance traveled D v by the time τ between two measurements. As shown in Figure 3, it is possible to obtain precise information in a much simpler way. Insofar as the helicopter is fixed during the measurement time (less than a second), it is possible to take into account only the position of the helicopter and its distance from the vehicle. More precisely, if the height of the helicopter with reference to the ground remains constant, the distance D v for two successive times ti and t2 can be obtained by the formula:.
Dv - (dvl 2 -ht 2)1/2 - (dv2 2 -ht 2)1/2 D v - (d vl 2 -h t 2 ) 1/2 - (d v2 2 -h t 2 ) 1/2
La vitesse peut alors être déterminée comme indiqué ci-dessus.The speed can then be determined as indicated above.
Si l'hélicoptère se déplace selon une même direction que le véhicule dont la vitesse doit être mesurée, Dv peut être obtenu en additionnant vectoriellement la distance parcourue par le véhicule 10 et par l'hélicoptère 14. Typiquement, les impulsions émises par la source 32a le sont dans un laps de temps inférieur à la seconde, de manière à ce que la vitesse instantanée du véhicule ne varie pratiquement pas. Si l'ordinateur met en évidence de fortes variations, il en informe l'opérateur qui peut alors mettre en route un nouveau train de mesures.If the helicopter is moving in the same direction as the vehicle whose speed is to be measured, D v can be obtained by adding vectorially the distance traveled by the vehicle 10 and by the helicopter 14. Typically, the pulses emitted by the source 32a are emitted in a period of time less than a second, so that the instantaneous speed of the vehicle practically does not vary. If the computer highlights large variations, it informs the operator, who can then start a new set of measurements.
Ainsi, grâce à la structure du dispositif décrit ci-dessus et au procédé qu'il permet de mettre en œuvre, il est possible de d'effectuer des contrôle de vitesse tout au long d'une autoroute, sans longue préparation et avec une grande précision de mesure, tout en garantissant de bonnes conditions d'identification du véhicule. Thus, thanks to the structure of the device described above and to the process which it makes it possible to implement, it is possible to carry out speed control along a highway, without long preparation and with great measurement accuracy, while ensuring good vehicle identification conditions.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Dispositif de contrôle (16, 18) de la vitesse (Na) de véhicules et comportant :1. Control device (16, 18) of the speed (N a ) of vehicles and comprising:
" un appareil (40) de détermination de la position du dispositif par radio-goniométrie, et"an apparatus (40) for determining the position of the device by radio-direction finding, and
§ un appareil optique (30) muni d'une source de lumière (30a) à rayonnement laser, engendrant une succession de signaux incidents (32a), et d'un capteur (30b) des signaux réfléchis (32b) par le véhicule (10), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, en outre :§ an optical device (30) provided with a light source (30a) with laser radiation, generating a succession of incident signals (32a), and a sensor (30b) of the signals reflected (32b) by the vehicle (10 ), characterized in that it further comprises:
" un organe de calcul (22) agencé pour déterminer la vitesse instantanée (v;' Vi+i) du véhicule entre deux instants voisins (tj, t;+ι) correspondant à l'émission de deux signaux incidents (32a) en prenant en compte : - la position du dispositif à chacun desdits moments, donnée par l'appareil (40)de détermination de la position, et - la distance (dVi, dvi+ι) comprise entre l'appareil optique (30) et le véhicule (30) en chacun desdits instants, donnée par ledit appareil optique (30). "a calculating member (22) arranged to determine the instantaneous speed (v; 'Vi + i) of the vehicle between two neighboring instants (tj, t; + ι) corresponding to the emission of two incident signals (32a) by taking into account: - the position of the device at each of said moments, given by the device (40) for determining the position, and - the distance (d V i, d v i + ι) between the optical device (30 ) and the vehicle (30) at each of said instants, given by said optical device (30).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, en outre, un viseur (36) associé à l'appareil optique (30) pour diriger les signaux incidents (32a) vers le véhicule (10) dont la vitesse doit être mesurée, en ce que l'appareil (40) de détermination de la position est muni de moyens de détermination de l'orientation du viseur (369), et en ce que l'organe de calcul (22) est agencé de manière à prendre en compte l'orientation dudit viseur (36) à chacun desdits instants pour déterminer ladite vitesse (Va).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a viewfinder (36) associated with the optical device (30) for directing the incident signals (32a) to the vehicle (10) whose speed must be measured, in that the apparatus (40) for determining the position is provided with means for determining the orientation of the viewfinder (369), and in that the calculating member (22) is arranged so taking into account the orientation of said viewfinder (36) at each of said times to determine said speed (V a ).
3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit viseur comporte une caméra agencée pour fonctionner simultanément à l'émission des signaux incidents (32a) et pour enregistrer une image relative au véhicule (10) dans son ensemble et à son conducteur.3. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said viewfinder comprises a camera arranged to operate simultaneously with the emission of the incident signals (32a) and to record an image relating to the vehicle (10) as a whole and to its driver.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une seconde caméra (38) permettant la saisie des informations disposées sur une plaque d'identification que porte ledit véhicule (10).4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a second camera (38) allowing the entry of the information arranged on an identification plate carried by said vehicle (10).
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite source de lumière émet un rayomiement infrarouge. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said light source emits infrared radiation.
6. Procédé pour déterminer la vitesse d'un véhicule (10) au moyen d'un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe de calcul détermine ladite vitesse à partir des opérations suivantes :6. Method for determining the speed of a vehicle (10) by means of a device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said calculating member determines said speed from the following operations:
" déterminer, à la réception des signaux réfléchis, la distance du véhicule (10) en référence au dispositif (18),"determine, on reception of the reflected signals, the distance from the vehicle (10) with reference to the device (18),
" déterminer, au moment de ladite réception, la position du dispositif (18) par rapport à une référence terrestre, " calculer la distance parcourue par le véhicule (10) entre deux réceptions successives, et " déterminer la vitesse instantanée du véhicule (10) en divisant la distance parcourue par le temps mis pour la parcourir."determine, at the time of said reception, the position of the device (18) relative to a terrestrial reference," calculate the distance traveled by the vehicle (10) between two successive receptions, and "determine the instantaneous speed of the vehicle (10) by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken to cover it.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, pour déterminer la vitesse d'un véhicule (10) au moyen d'un dispositif (16, 18) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe de calcul (22) détermine, en outre, l'orientation du dispositif (18) par rapport à la référence terrestre et l'orientation du véhicule (10) en référence au dispositif (18). 7. Method according to claim 6, for determining the speed of a vehicle (10) by means of a device (16, 18) according to claim 2, characterized in that said calculating member (22) further determines , the orientation of the device (18) relative to the terrestrial reference and the orientation of the vehicle (10) with reference to the device (18).
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que la détermination de ladite vitesse (Va) est définie en comparant plusieurs vitesses instantanées successives et en les moyennant.8. Method according to one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the determination of said speed (V a ) is defined by comparing several successive instantaneous speeds and by averaging them.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les vitesses instantanées successives sont mesurées dans un laps de temps de l'ordre de la seconde.9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the successive instantaneous speeds are measured in a period of time of the order of a second.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que une nouvelle mesure est effectuée à la suite de la première lorsque la vitesse mesurée dépasse une valeur limite. 10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that a new measurement is carried out following the first when the measured speed exceeds a limit value.
PCT/IB2003/004730 2002-10-30 2003-10-23 Vehicle speed control device WO2004040532A1 (en)

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EP02024161A EP1416458B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Device for control of vehicle speed

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CN103198666B (en) * 2013-03-19 2015-03-04 东南大学 Highway traffic stream space average speed observation method based on fixed wing model airplane

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AU2003269420A1 (en) 2004-05-25
EP1416458B1 (en) 2007-03-28
EP1416458A1 (en) 2004-05-06
ATE358311T1 (en) 2007-04-15
DE60219176D1 (en) 2007-05-10

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