APPARATUS FOR CLEANING WEAPONS
The present invention relates to an apparatus for cleaning weapons, and in particular to an apparatus for cleaning barrels of projectile weapons.
It is known that gun barrels and components require to be cleaned regularly to prevent fouling and maintain accuracy and reliability. Cleaning may also be necessary to remove carbon deposits, copper, lead, and any other contaminants from combustion. Such cleaning operations generally require the weapon to be dismantled and for the barrels to be removed. Reference to gun barrels made herein should be taken to refer to barrels of any projectile weapon.
A typical method of cleaning gun barrels requires drawing a cloth type cleaning wad through the barrel after use and prior to storage 'to prevent barrel fouling that reduces the accuracy of the weapon.
In addition, it is often necessary to oil gun barrels and components prior to storage to prevent rusting and moisture damage to the weapons by drawing a cloth type cleaning wad impregnated with gun oil prior to storage, thereby preventing rusting and moisture damage that renders the weapon inoperable.
A known method of gun barrel cleaning is to pull a cotton wad by means of a pull through action through the barrel. This is known as the pull through ' method. A similar wad may be impregnated with gun oil, and used to oil the barrel prior to storage, by means of the pull through method.
This pull through ' method generally requires removal of the barrel from the body of the weapon as it is often not possible to utilise the pull through ' method whilst the gun is assembled because of a lack of access to the breech.
This can be time consuming and can require weapon handling skills not often apparent in amateur enthusiasts. In addition cleaning in the ' field almost invariably ends in either residue being left in the barrel, or moisture contamination.
Embodiments of the present invention attempt to overcome at least in part some of the aforementioned disadvantages of previous gun barrel cleaning methods.
Applicants' International Patent Application O03/069260 describes an apparatus for cleaning gun barrels comprising a compressed gas supply which is used to propel a polyurethane cleaning member through a nozzle and into a gun barrel to be cleaned. The apparatus is intended to be hand-held, and is primarily intended to be suitable for use with small bore weapons. The use of a
hand-held cleaning apparatus of this sort is not practical for larger bore weapons. It is among the objects of embodiments of the present invention to provide a cleaning apparatus which may be used with larger bore weapons .
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for cleaning a barrel of a weapon, the apparatus comprising: an outer casing for location within a barrel to be cleaned, the casing being shaped to receive a cleaning member; and means for increasing gas pressure adjacent a cleaning member on being actuated by a firing mechanism of a weapon to be cleaned, to provide an impulse to a cleaning member to propel the cleaning member along a barrel to be cleaned.
Thus, the present invention provides a cleaning arrangement which may be placed within a barrel to be cleaned, and a cleaning member ''fired' down the barrel to clean the barrel. This arrangement does not require the weapon to be disassembled, and is suitable for cleaning a range ■ of bore sizes, since the device does not -need to be hand-held.
Preferably the apparatus comprises a cleaning member located within the casing. The cleaning member is preferably generally cylindrical. The cleaning member is preferably resilient, and preferably also normally of
greater diameter than the casing and the barrel to be cleaned. This allows the cleaning member to be contained within the casing in a compressed state, and to expand to snugly fit the barrel when released, so improving the cleaning effectiveness of the member. The cleaning member may comprise a foam, to allow contaminants being removed from the barrel to penetrate the cleaning member to improve cleaning effectiveness. The cleaning member may comprise a polymer, conveniently polyurethane.
The cleaning member may conveniently comprise two or more portions of different materials . This allows for each portion of the member to exhibit different cleaning properties. For example, the cleaning member may comprise a cylindrical body of polyurethane foam, with an end cap of non-woven scrim material. The non-woven scrim may be abrasive to some extent, and so will remove tougher deposits from the barrel, while the softer polyurethane foam will clean the barrel more thoroughly.
The cleaning member may be impregnated with oil or other weapon maintenance or cleaning agents; thus, when propelled -along a barrel, the member serves to oil "the barrel. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the cleaning member may comprise a reservoir containing oil or other maintenance or cleaning agents. The reservoir may comprise a pressure-rupturable wall or membrane or the like. When placed under pressure, such as when the
cleaning member is Λfired' along the barrel, the reservoir will rupture and allow oil to enter the barrel.
Preferably the means for increasing gas pressure comprises a store of pressurised gas, and means for releasing gas from the store on actuation by a firing mechanism. In alternative embodiments of the invention, however, the means for increasing gas pressure may comprise means for generating gas; for example, substances which generate gas when combined. Preferable substances which may be used will generate relatively inert gases such as carbon dioxide, or nitrogen.
Preferably the gas store is located within the casing. Conveniently the store and casing are shaped in such a way as to direct gas towards a cleaning member located within the casing. For example, the store may be surrounded by walls or casing parts on all sides except that side nearest the location of the cleaning member. Shaped walls may be present, to aerodynamically reflect and direct gas in a desired manner.
The means for releasing gas from the store may comprise a rupturable wall or membrane dividing the store' from the location of the cleaning member, and means for transferring an impulse from the firing mechanism to the membrane. For example, a weapon firing pin may strike a rear wall of the store, with the gas therein transferring the impulse to the rupturable membrane which then
ruptures to release the gas. Alternatively, the store may be enclosed within a rupturable membrane, and the means for releasing gas may comprise means for piercing the membrane, such as a pin, needle, or the like. On being struck by the firing mechanism, the needle will pierce the membrane to release the gas. The location of piercing is not important, since gas will be released from the membrane and directed toward the cleaning member.
Alternatively, the means for releasing gas from the store may comprise a valve or similar arrangement, arranged to be actuated by the firing mechanism. For example, a valve arrangement may be actuated by the weapon firing pin to release gas from the store. This arrangement has the advantage over a rupturable wall or membrane of being readily reusable.
Where the apparatus comprises means for generating gas, a similar membrane or valve arrangement may be used to separate components of the gas generating means; actuation of the weapon firing mechanism may be used to rupture the membrane and allow the components to come into contact to generate gas.
Preferably the cartridge includes an opening from where a cleaning member may exit. Alternatively, the cartridge may be sealed, although this is not preferred since the cleaning member will need to penetrate the seal
before entering the gun barrel, so possibly reducing cleaning effectiveness.
The cartridge preferably comprises a polymeric material; more preferably plastics. Conveniently the cartridge is produced from injection-moulded plastics.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of cleaning a barrel of a weapon, the method comprising the steps of: placing a cartridge comprising a cleaning member therein and means for increasing gas pressure adjacent the cleaning member in a breech of a weapon to be cleaned; and actuating a firing mechanism of the weapon, to cause gas pressure to be increased adjacent the cleaning member such that the cleaning member is propelled from the cartridge through the barrel of the weapon.
These and other aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example only and without limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a gun barrel cleaning cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a cleaning wad 1 or oiling wad 1A to suit a gun barrel cleaning cartridge in accordance with the present invention.
The cleaning wad 1 or oiling wad 1A is propelled from the body of the cartridge 2 by means of a compressed gas blast.
Compressed gas, typically a relatively inert gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen, is stored in a gas reservoir 3 that is connected via a rupturable sealing membrane 6 to a wad stabiliser 4. The stabiliser 4 serves to align and hold the cleaning wad 1 in position so that it leaves the cartridge in a desired orientation.
The gas reservoir 3 has a primer assembly 5 which incorporates a non return valve, so allowing the gas reservoir to be filled with gas after manufacture.
The primer assembly 5 is designed and constructed in a manner to ensure that on firing the gas from the reservoir 3 denatures the sealing membrane 6 and utilises gas pressure to pressurise the cartridge 2, as follows.
The cartridge 2 is loaded into the breech of a weapon to be cleaned, in a manner similar to a shell to be fired. Firing of the weapon causes the firing pin of the weapon to be cleaned to strike the end of primer assembly 5. This causes an impulse to travel through the gas to reach the membrane 6; the increase in pressure causes the membrane 6 to rupture, so releasing the gas. The released gas pressurises the body of the cartridge 2 expelling the cleaning wad 1 or oiling wad 1A from the wad stabilizer 4 and the body of the cartridge 2. The
cleaning wad exits safely through the muzzle of the weapon at relatively low velocity.
Gas seal and pressure retention between the barrel and chamber of the weapon being cleaned is facilitated by tapered sealing surfaces 7,8,9,10, 11 and 12 sized to fit the breech and chamber of the weapon being cleaned.
The cleaning wad 1 is constructed of a resilient polyurethane/virgin foam manufactured from closed cell coarse porosity with specific density and tear strength. The resilience and diameter are sufficient to enable the wad to expand against the inside surface of the barrel of the weapon and create surface pressure sufficient to wipe any contamination, whilst also depositing remaining residue into the porous structure of the cleaning wad 1 and staying intact. For use as an oiling wad 1A, the wad may be oil dipped in a suitable lubricant so as to wipe the inner surface of the previously cleaned barrel. The oiling wad 1A is preferably of re-bond foam of high density and tear strength sufficient to create surface pressure sufficient to ensure oiling of the barrel of the weapon.
The diameter of the cleaning wad 1 or oiling wad 1A is preferably approximately 15% larger than the internal diameter of the bore to be cleaned. The length of the projectile is preferably at least 30% longer than the diameter of the cleaning wad 1.
Thus, as the cleaning wad 1 or oiling wad 1A is forced down the barrel, it expands to ensure a tight fit and thorough cleaning.
As the cleaning wad 1 passes through the barrel of the weapon being cleaned it removes deposits from the interior surface of the barrel thereby cleaning the barrel and removing carbon, copper, lead, and other contaminants from combustion. As the oiling wad 1A passes through the barrel of the weapon being oiled it oils the interior surface of the barrel thereby oiling and protecting the interior surface of the barrel.
To facilitate the multi-purpose nature of the gun barrel cleaning cartridge depicted at Figure 1 a range of cartridges in varying dimensions will be manufactured. The cartridge 2 may be produced in a range of shapes and sizes, so as to allow the cartridge 2 to fit the chamber of a variety of weapons utilising rimfire or centrefire rounds including, but not limited to 0.177, 0.22, 0.223, 5.56mm, 0.270, 7.62mm, 0.303, 0.357, 0.38, 9mm, 0.40 S&W, 10mm, 0.44, 0.45, 0.50, 35mm, 88mm and 120mm.
It is intended that the present' invention will be designed and/or modified to suit rifles, handguns, shotguns for both civilian and military law enforcement use as well as being designed and modified to suit large bore military field weapons.
Modifications and variations as would be apparent to a skilled addressee are deemed to be within the scope of the present invention.