WO2004027505A1 - Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte - Google Patents

Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004027505A1
WO2004027505A1 PCT/US2003/029088 US0329088W WO2004027505A1 WO 2004027505 A1 WO2004027505 A1 WO 2004027505A1 US 0329088 W US0329088 W US 0329088W WO 2004027505 A1 WO2004027505 A1 WO 2004027505A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
recited
optical
light
approximately
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/029088
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter J. Janssen
Sergei Y. Yakovenko
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to US10/528,303 priority Critical patent/US20050243225A1/en
Priority to AU2003273329A priority patent/AU2003273329A1/en
Priority to EP03755829A priority patent/EP1543381A1/fr
Publication of WO2004027505A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004027505A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133621—Illuminating devices providing coloured light
    • G02F1/133622—Colour sequential illumination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/40—Materials having a particular birefringence, retardation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/02—Function characteristic reflective

Definitions

  • Color sequential LC projection is an enabling technology for affordable high- definition (HD) television.
  • One element that is useful to achieve the high performance required for this application is a high speed liquid crystal (LC) light valve, able to support the high frame rate necessary to avoid color sequential artifacts.
  • the LC light valve must have a very high contrast ratio in order to compete with other technologies, like CRT or DLP.
  • Twisted LC modes that are presently being used require external compensation, such as light retarders.
  • external compensation such as light retarders.
  • the LC display be very uniform and stable over time and with varying environmental conditions. That has proved to be a relatively difficult task.
  • an optical apparatus comprises a reflective liquid crystal (LC) panel, and an optical device.
  • the LC panel includes a twisted- nematic (TN) LC device, wherein one mode of the LC material includes a 90 degree twist (90TN0).
  • a color sequential light valve includes a TN LC device, wherein one mode includes a 90 degree twist (90TN0).
  • the LC device of an example embodiment beneficially exhibits a contrast of at least approximately 1000: 1. Moreover the LC device of an example embodiment exhibits minimal divergence between transfer characteristics for different colors of the optical system. Furthermore, the LC device of an example embodiment provides a higher contrast and superior uniformity in both dark and bright states, compared to known LC devices.
  • Fig. 1 is a conceptual view of an LC panel in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 shows a color sequential projection system in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • FIGS. 3 A and 3B are graphical representations of the simulated reflectivity vs. voltage applied to an LC panel for 90TN0 for 3 colors in linear and logarithmic scales, respectively, and in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical representation showing maximal brightness and contrast for a 90TN0 LC panel (green state light) in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • FIG.5 illustrates reflectivity of 45TN0 in the OFF state versus normalized LC retardance 2 ⁇ nd/ ⁇ (horizontal axis) and foil retardance (vertical axis).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates reflectivity of 90TN0 of an example embodiment of a known 45TN0 device, with and without compensating foil as a function of normalized LC retardance (2 ⁇ nd/ ⁇ ).
  • FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the reflectivity of a known quarter wave plate, a 90TN0 LC panel of an example embodiment and a known 45TN0 LC panel as a function of the LC retardance in the saturated color case using TL-216 as a liquid crystal material.
  • FIGS. 8 A and 8B illustrate reflectivity (static, i.e., without black pre-write) vs. gray level curves for a 90TN0 LC panel of an example embodiment and a known 45TN0 LC panel, where the latter includes a 24 nm optical retarder.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates reflectivity (dynamic, i.e., with 7 lines black pre-write) vs. gray level curves for a 90TN0 LC of an example embodiment for 3 colors.
  • example embodiments include an LC panel (device) having reflective 90 degree twisted nematic (90TN0) modes used in a color sequential environment and Illustratively, input light polarized parallel to one of the LC alignment directions, yields a dynamic bright state efficiency, which, when compared to other modes is acceptable, and all other characteristics are superior to known LC material-based devices.
  • 90TN0 twisted nematic
  • Fig. la is a conceptual view of light traversing a section of a 90 TN0 LC material 101 of an LC panel 100 in accordance with an example embodiment, in which no electric field is applied (OFF state) to the LC material.
  • a glass plate 102 is disposed over a front surface of the LC panel 100 and a reflective surface 103 is disposed at a rear surface.
  • Linearly polarized light having a polarization vector 104 is incident on the LC panel 100 and has an orientation that is parallel to the orientation vector 105 of the LC material 101.
  • the optically anisotropic property of the 90 TN0 LC material 101 results in a transformation of the polarization state of the light from the incident linear p-state 104 to various elliptical polarization states 106.
  • This anisotropy results from a rotation in the orientation vector of the LC material 104 as shown by the orientation vectors 107.
  • the polarization state of the light Upon reflection from the reflective surface 103, the polarization state of the light continues to change from on elliptical state to another (as shown as elliptical states 108), until upon emerging from the front surface 102, the polarization state is a linear state 108 that is rotated orthogonally relative to the incident linear polarization state 104.
  • lb is a conceptual view of light traversing the section of 90 TN0 LC material 101 of the LC panel 100 in accordance with an example embodiment, in which an electric field is applied. This is referred to as the 'ON' state of the panel.
  • Polarized light 104 is incident on the LC panel 100 as shown, and is oriented parallel with the orientation vector 110 of the LC material.
  • Light 112 traverses the material 101, and the polarization vector 113 remains in its incident state.
  • the polarization state of the reflected light 114 is parallel to the incident polarized light.
  • the on and off state of the LC material 101 can be used in light valve applications.
  • a color sequential projection system 200 in accordance with an example embodiment is shown in Fig. 2.
  • a multi-color (e.g., RGB) light source 201 outputs light 202 to a polarization beam splitter (PBS) 204 or similar device. At least a portion of light 202 is redirected as light 205 by the PBS 204 to an LC panel 206, which includes a suitable 90 TN0 LC material. Conspicuously, there are no retarders, such as polarizers in the light path between the PBS 204 and the LC panel 206 by virtue of the properties of the 90 TN0 LC material of an example embodiment. Light traverses the LC panel twice as shown, is reflected as light 207 and is then incident on the PBS 204 again.
  • PBS polarization beam splitter
  • the polarization of light 205 may be altered, and the light may be redirected to the light source as at 203 or out of the system as at 209 (i.e., black state light), or may be transmitted to the system optics 208 (i.e., bright state light).
  • the system 200 may include variations and modifications, yet remain in keeping with the system shown.
  • FIGS. 3 A and 3B are graphical representations of the simulated reflectivity vs. voltage applied to an LC panel for 90TN0 for 3 colors in linear and logarithmic scales, respectively.
  • a cell gap of lOOOnm was chosen for the 90 TN0 LC panel.
  • the contrast ratios for red light 301, blue light 302 and green light 303 are 3480, 2790, 1230, respectively, for the LC panel in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a graphical representation showing maximal brightness and contrast for a 90TN0 LC panel (green state light) in accordance with an example embodiment.
  • BV curves may be scanned and maximum and minimum brightness was determined for each BV curve.
  • the cell gap used to produce the BV curves (presented in FIGS. 3 A through 3B) was chosen somewhat larger than the optimum for green. This is because it is useful to optimize for the red rather than green color, since the lamp is red deficient in this example embodiment.
  • example 90TN0 LC panel is about 10% lower in brightness than a similar 90TN20 LC panel, but has about 5 times higher contrast. Comparisons with a typical 45TN0 LC panel are not straightforward because the latter uses retarders.
  • Contrast which is an electro-optic (EO) effect is reduced by interfacial reflections in LC panels with modes other than 90 TN0 (e.g., 90 TN20), whereas 90TN0 is free of this phenomenon.
  • These interfacial reflections are dependent on the particular design of the AR and IMITO coatings.
  • Brightness which is also an EO effect, is discussed more fully below.
  • the mechanisms of the polarization conversion are also different: retardance in the case of 45 TN0 LC devices, anisotropic reflection in the case of 90 TN20. In the simple case, when there is no reflection from LMITO, and the only reflection comes from the PI/LC panel interface the intensity of the reflected light with converted polarization (orthogonal to the incident one) can be estimated.
  • FIG.5 illustrates reflectivity of 45TN0 in the OFF state versus normalized LC retardance 2 ⁇ nd/ ⁇ (horizontal axis) and foil retardance (vertical axis), calculated using the polarization transfer matrix formalism.
  • the brightness of the OFF state of 45TN0 is presented as a function of cell gap and retardance of the compensation foil.
  • maximal brightness in FIG. 4A corresponds to a normalized LC retardance value of 2.64, and that of the retarder -0.26.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates reflectivity of 90TN0 (601) and 45TN0 with (602) and without (603) compensating foil as a function of normalized LC retardance (2 ⁇ nd/ ⁇ ). Retardance of the compensating foil is assumed to be 10% of the LC retardance. Maximal brightness of both electro-optic effects can be found from FIG. 6. In the static case the maximum brightness for a 45TN0 LC panel is about 94% and a 90TN0 LC panel of an example embodiment is about 68%.
  • the LC panel To produce saturated colors and to eliminate color cross-talk, the LC panel must be driven to a black state before each color (black pre-write), after which it relaxes to the desired gray level. Relaxation to the bright state is exponential with a characteristic time proportional to the square of the cell gap d, which is determined by the retardance ⁇ that is required for maximum brightness:
  • FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the reflectivity of a quarter wave plate 701
  • 90TN0 LC 702 and 45TN0 LC 703 as a function of the LC retardance in the saturated color case using TL-216 as a liquid crystal material. It can be seen that, in case black pre-write is ON, reflectivity of a quarter waveplate (ECB mode) is only 87% of the ideal case. Compared to the quarter wave plate, the efficiencies of 45TN0 and 90TN0 are further reduced due to their larger cell gap (i.e., lower speed). The difference in cell gap brings the efficiency of the latter two closer together. As a result, the dynamic efficiency of 90TN0 is only 14% below that of45TN0.
  • Electro-optical performance of a 90TN0 cell has been evaluated and compared with 45TN0 panels. It was found that 90TN0 performs almost according to the computer simulations, and has considerably higher contrast than 45TN0 (no polarization conversion of the light passed only through the retarder), exceeding 2000:1 in green. Brightness of 90TN0 in the static case, i.e., without black pre-write, is lower than expected from the simulations (62% of that of 45TN0 equipped with 24 nm compensation foil).
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate reflectivity (static, i.e., without black pre-write) vs. gray level curves for a 90TN0 LC panel (801) and 45TN0 LC panel (802), where the latter includes a 24 nm retarder. Reflectivity is normalized to the maximal value for 45TN0.
  • BV curves were taken in single color projector with RGB color filters. The results with blue and green color filters are presented in FIGS. 8A and 8B, respectively, together with BV curves of a typical 45TN0 cell taken in similar conditions right after 90TN0 cell was measured.
  • Relative brightness of 90TN0 exceeds 70% only for blue light, which can be explained by too great of a cell gap in 45TN0 cell case.
  • the reasons for the lower brightness of the 90TN0 is unclear and requires development of experimental method to monitor cell gap in situ as well as more experiments with variable birefringence of the liquid crystal.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates reflectivity (dynamic, i.e., with 7 lines black pre-write) vs. gray level curves for a 90TN0 LC for 3 colors. Contrast ratios (RGB) are 1200, 2200, and 1150.
  • RGB contrast ratios
  • threshold of the 90TN0 BV curves shifts about 25 gray levels up (while for 45TN0 only a 5 gray level shift is observed with similar settings) evidencing slower response of MLC-6261 compared to TL-216 at the same temperature.
  • a seven-line pre-write is not sufficient to change overall brightness of the cell (experimentally confirmed), but change the shape of the BV curve.
  • TL-216 decreases very- fast with temperature and although at room temperature TL-216 and MLC-6261 should provide similar response, at elevated temperature situation can be very different, especially because MLC-6261 has higher clearing temperature. Temperature variation of the LC parameters complicates optimization of the cell parameters and requires additional experimental work.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil optique comportant un panneau réfléchissant à cristaux liquides et un dispositif optique. Ledit panneau est fait de cristaux nématiques en hélice (TN) qui dans l'un des modes présentent une rotation de 90 ° (90TN0). Une photovalve couleur séquentielle peut comporter un cristal liquide à rotation de 90 °(90TN0). Ledit panneau présente un excellent contraste d'au moins environ 1000:1, et une divergence minimale entre les caractéristiques de transfert pour les différentes couleurs du système optique; de plus, il présente un contraste plus élevé, et une uniformité bien meilleure, à la fois pour les états sombres et les états brillants, que les dispositifs à cristaux liquides connus. En fin, ledit panneau permet de réduire ou d'éliminer le recours aux retardeurs des systèmes usuels à base de cristaux liquides.
PCT/US2003/029088 2002-09-19 2003-09-16 Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte WO2004027505A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/528,303 US20050243225A1 (en) 2003-09-16 2003-09-16 Projector imaging apparatus with reflective mixed-mode twisted nematic liquid crystal panel
AU2003273329A AU2003273329A1 (en) 2002-09-19 2003-09-16 Projector imaging apparatus with reflective mixed-mode twisted nematic liquid crystal panel
EP03755829A EP1543381A1 (fr) 2002-09-19 2003-09-16 Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US41198302P 2002-09-19 2002-09-19
US60/411,983 2002-09-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004027505A1 true WO2004027505A1 (fr) 2004-04-01

Family

ID=32030773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/029088 WO2004027505A1 (fr) 2002-09-19 2003-09-16 Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1543381A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20050084556A (fr)
CN (1) CN1688922A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003273329A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004027505A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6151094A (en) * 1995-10-23 2000-11-21 Hughes Electronics Corporation Reflective liquid crystal display and transmissive dye-doped liquid crystal display
US20020003508A1 (en) * 1997-12-31 2002-01-10 Kevin Schehrer Image generator having a miniature display device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6151094A (en) * 1995-10-23 2000-11-21 Hughes Electronics Corporation Reflective liquid crystal display and transmissive dye-doped liquid crystal display
US20020003508A1 (en) * 1997-12-31 2002-01-10 Kevin Schehrer Image generator having a miniature display device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WU S-T ET AL: "MIXED-MODE TWISTED NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS CELLS FOR REFLECTIVE DISPLAYS", APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS. NEW YORK, US, vol. 68, no. 11, 11 March 1996 (1996-03-11), pages 1455 - 1457, XP000582318, ISSN: 0003-6951 *
YU F H ET AL: "Reflective twisted nematic liquid crystal displays. II. Elimination of retardation film and rear polarizer", JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 1 DEC. 1997, AIP, USA, vol. 82, no. 11, pages 5287 - 5294, XP000752426, ISSN: 0021-8979 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1688922A (zh) 2005-10-26
KR20050084556A (ko) 2005-08-26
AU2003273329A1 (en) 2004-04-08
EP1543381A1 (fr) 2005-06-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9551901B2 (en) Vertically aligned nematic mode liquid crystal display having large tilt angles and high contrast
US5541753A (en) Liquid crystal display and device having a total retardance of (M+1) λ/2 and (Mλ/2) at first and second operating voltages
US20200355951A1 (en) Liquid crystal display device and display control method thereof
JPH0453929A (ja) 反射型液晶装置
US6774977B1 (en) Liquid crystal device and display
US8085369B2 (en) Self-compensating, quasi-homeotropic liquid crystal device with high contrast ratio
US7365813B2 (en) Color liquid crystal display device
US6181400B1 (en) Discotic-type twist-film compensated single-domain or two-domain twisted nematic liquid crystal displays
JPH11352492A (ja) マルチドメイン表面モ―ドデバイス
KR20000075086A (ko) 향상된 위상차판을 갖는 반사형 티에프티 엘시디
Park et al. Dark-state color shift and gray scale inversion in an in-plane switching liquid crystal display device
US20050243225A1 (en) Projector imaging apparatus with reflective mixed-mode twisted nematic liquid crystal panel
WO2004027505A1 (fr) Projecteur d'images a panneau reflechissant de cristaux liquides nematiques en helice en mode mixte
KR960003477B1 (ko) 액정표시장치
JP2713328B2 (ja) ツイステッドネマティック型液晶表示素子
KR101108066B1 (ko) 횡전계방식 액정표시소자 및 그의 제조 방법
KR20080047689A (ko) 액정표시장치
KR100658527B1 (ko) 면내 스위칭 모드의 액정표시장치와 그 구동방법
KR100406742B1 (ko) 필드-시켄셜 디스플레이용 1-판넬 엘코스 엔진
Verrall et al. Advances in LC display performance using optical films
JP2003515190A (ja) 通常白色の超ねじれネマチック液晶ディスプレイ
JPH04322224A (ja) 液晶表示素子
KR100816337B1 (ko) 액정 표시 장치
WO2001033291A1 (fr) Afficheur a cristaux liquides anti-ferroelectriques de type reflectif
KR20040043449A (ko) 오. 씨. 비 모드 액정표시장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2003755829

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2004537865

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1020057004505

Country of ref document: KR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 10528303

Country of ref document: US

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 20038222892

Country of ref document: CN

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2003755829

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1020057004505

Country of ref document: KR

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 2003755829

Country of ref document: EP