WO2004025813A1

WO2004025813A1 - Stator for motor employing permanent magnet and motor comprising that stator

Info

Publication number: WO2004025813A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/009286
Authority: WO
Inventors: Teruo Kawai
Original assignee: Nihon Riken Co., Ltd.; Furukawa, Atsushi
Priority date: 2002-09-11
Filing date: 2002-09-11
Publication date: 2004-03-25
Also published as: AU2002330376A1; AU2002330376A8

Abstract

A stator for rotating electric motor comprising a plurality of electromagnets disposed annularly while arranging the magnetic poles in the radial direction, wherein cores constituting respective electromagnets are interconnected, at one end part thereof, through yokes formed of a magnetic body. The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet between any adjacent cores of respective electromagnets, wherein each magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is connected magnetically with the yoke, the direction for connecting respective magnetic poles of the permanent magnet intersects the circumferential direction of the yoke, and the part of the permanent magnet except the magnetic poles is isolated from the yoke by a region having a permeability lower than that of the yoke.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stator for a motor using a permanent magnet and a motor having the stator, and more particularly to a permanent magnet for a motor. The present invention relates to a stator for a motor capable of improving efficiency by using magnetic energy, and a motor having the stator. Conventional technology Various electric motors have been developed as conversion systems that can extract mechanical output from electrical energy. In these conventional motors, permanent magnets are used for either or both the stator and the rotor for the main purpose of improving efficiency, each of which contributes to the improvement of efficiency.

However, there are still problems that cannot be avoided when using permanent magnets. This is because, in the non-energized state, the rotor may be firmly fixed at a certain angular position due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, which may deteriorate startability. When the rotor is driven to rotate, the permanent magnet that has given the rotor an attractive force and contributed to the rotation drive is changed from the moment the rotor passes through the poles to the rotation drive of the rotor. The effect is to exert an obstructive suction force. In particular, the latter problem means that a part of the electric power input to the stator winding is consumed to hinder the rotation of the rotor, which is very harmful for improving efficiency. Was. However, unlike electromagnets, permanent magnets cannot switch on and off magnetic flux arbitrarily, so it is difficult in principle to eliminate such harmful phenomena as long as permanent magnets are used. It has been considered. The inventor of the present application has been conducting research for many years to overcome this kind of problem, and as an electric motor that has been improved mainly by focusing on the configuration of the rotor, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-324422 Stated in the gazette There are things that are.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and has been made with a view to further improving the above.One purpose of the present invention is to effectively use the magnetic energy of a permanent magnet and to remove a harmful pull-back force that hinders an improvement in efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor stator capable of performing the above-described steps and a motor using the stator. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above and other objects, a motor stator according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured such that a plurality of electromagnets are arranged in a ring, and the magnetic poles of each electromagnet are arranged in a radial direction. And a stator for a rotary motor in which one end of a magnetic core constituting each of the electromagnets is connected to each other by a yoke formed of a magnetic material. A permanent magnet is provided between any two adjacent magnetic cores, and the permanent magnet is in a state where the yoke and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are magnetically connected to each other. The direction connecting the magnetic poles intersects the circumferential direction of the yoke,

The portion of the permanent magnet excluding the magnetic pole is separated from the yoke by a region having a magnetic permeability V smaller than that of the yoke.

The permanent magnet may be provided between adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets in a state of being magnetically connected to the jokes.

An air gap can be provided between the yoke and the portion of the permanent magnet excluding each magnetic pole. The gap between the permanent magnet and the yoke can be filled with a material having a lower magnetic permeability than the yoke.

Further, a rotary motor according to one aspect of the present invention includes the above-described motor stator and a rotor rotatably disposed inside a plurality of electromagnets of the stator.

In this case, a rotor having various structures can be applied.For example, a plurality of salient poles are provided along the outer periphery of the rotor so that the salient poles have the same polarity as each other. A magnetized material can be used. Also, the rotor is A plurality of salient poles may be provided along the outer periphery, and the salient poles may be magnetized so as to have alternate polarities. Further, the rotor has a ring-shaped magnetic body, and the magnetic body is rotatably supported so as to be eccentric from the center of the plurality of electromagnets arranged in the ring. Is also good.

Further, in a rotary electric motor according to another aspect of the present invention, a plurality of electromagnets are arranged in a ring shape such that one ends of magnetic cores constituting each electromagnet are substantially parallel to each other on one plane, One end of the magnetic core of each of these electromagnets is connected to each other by a yoke made of a magnetic material,

The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet at any point between adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets. The permanent magnet is in a state where the yoke and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are magnetically connected. The direction connecting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet intersects the circumferential direction of the yoke, and the portion of the permanent magnet other than the magnetic pole has a permeability between the yoke and the yoke that is higher than that of the yoke. A stator for a rotary motor separated by a small area,

A rotor provided with a circular plate-shaped magnetic body, and oscillating and rotating with respect to a magnetic pole at one end of the plurality of electromagnets arranged in an annular shape.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, a linear motor fixing device in which a plurality of electromagnets are linearly arranged and one end of a magnetic core constituting each of the electromagnets is connected by a yoke formed of a magnetic material. A child,

The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet in a state in which the yoke and the magnetic poles are magnetically connected to one between adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets. A linear motor stator is provided in which a connecting direction intersects a longitudinal direction of the yoke, and a portion excluding a magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is separated from the yoke by a region having a smaller magnetic permeability than the yoke. Is done.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, the stator for a relay motor is disposed at a predetermined gap from an electromagnet of the stator along a longitudinal direction of the stator. And a mover in which different magnetic poles are alternately magnetized.

With such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the In other words, the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet provided in the yoke passes through the nearby yoke and is magnetized by its own different polarity, and is not magnetized toward the stator electromagnet. On the other hand, when the stator electromagnet is energized, in the permanent magnet arranged adjacent to the electromagnet, magnetic flux from a magnetic pole different from the magnetic pole of the electromagnet is combined with the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole of the electromagnet, and It is added to the magnetic flux generated by energizing. The magnetic flux that has been magnetized between the different poles of the permanent magnet is released and combined with the magnetic flux of the adjacent electromagnet because the part other than the magnetic pole of each permanent magnet is not in direct contact with the surrounding yoke, This is probably because the region with low magnetic permeability is interposed, so that the magnet is magnetized to the nearest electromagnet with a lower magnetic resistance than to bypass the portion with low magnetic permeability. Therefore, the motor having such a motor stator can improve the efficiency by utilizing the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet in addition to the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet when energized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary motor stator according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a rotor used in combination with the rotary motor stator according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing a rotary electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view for explaining the operation of the rotary electric motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the rotary motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the rotary motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a non-excited state in a modified example of the rotary motor stator of FIG. 1,

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an excited state of the rotary motor stator of FIG. 7,

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the rotary motor stator of FIG. 1,

FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing a rotary electric motor according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a rotary electric motor according to still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12 is a side view schematically showing a linear motor according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 13 to 13 are plan views schematically showing the operation of the stator of the linear motor of FIG. is there. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these figures, in order to clarify the basic configuration and operation of each embodiment, illustrations of things that are not essential in the configuration of the embodiment, such as an apparatus housing, are omitted. are doing.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a stator for a rotary motor according to one embodiment of the present invention. The rotor 10 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape having a substantially circular cross section, and includes magnetic poles 12 protruding at four locations at a 90 ° pitch and a yoke 1 connecting the magnetic poles 12 to each other. It has six. The magnetic pole 12 has a magnetic core 12 a provided so as to protrude radially inward from a substantially annular yoke 16, and a winding 12 b wound around each magnetic core 12 a . The magnetic core 12a and the yoke 16 of the stator 10 can be formed by using a magnetic material of a material that can be selected as appropriate, for example, by stacking die-cut steel sheets in a predetermined shape. Can be formed by In addition, the wire diameter and the diameter of the conductive wire used for the winding 12b wound around the magnetic core 12a can be appropriately selected. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cross section of the magnetic core 12a is rectangular, but is not particularly limited to this, and may be another shape as necessary. it can. A pole piece 12c as shown in FIG. 3 to be described later can be extended in the circumferential direction of the stator 10 at the tip of the protruding direction of each magnetic pole 12a. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the change in magnetic flux when the rotary electric motor is configured by combining the stator 10 according to the present embodiment with an appropriate rotor.

The yoke 16 connecting the magnetic poles 1 2a to each other is provided with an opening 18 having a substantially spindle shape, and a substantially rod-shaped permanent magnet 20 is formed at the center of the widest portion. It is fitted and fixed. This permanent magnet 12 has N pole and S pole magnetic poles 20 a at both ends thereof, and the portion of the magnetic pole 20 a is exclusively formed by the yoke 16. The opening 18 is fixed so as to be in close contact with the inner surface. The portion of the permanent magnet 20 having no magnetic pole (hereinafter, referred to as “non-magnetic pole portion 20 b”) is separated from the surface of the magnetic material constituting the yoke 16 by the gap in the opening 18. They are separated.

Each permanent magnet 20 is arranged such that the direction connecting the magnetic poles 20 a of the permanent magnets 20 intersects the radial direction of the jokes 16. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the direction connecting the magnetic poles 20a of the permanent magnets 20 and the radial direction of the yoke 16 are substantially orthogonal to each other. By making the distance between each of the N and S magnetic poles 20a and each of the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 adjacent to the N and S magnetic poles as equal as possible, the magnetic flux between the permanent magnet 20 and the stator magnetic pole 12, which will be described later, is increased. This is to enable the switching of the coupling to be performed smoothly. Of course, such an orthogonal positional relationship is not essential for the present invention, and it suffices if they intersect substantially. Further, the shape of the opening 18 is not limited to the substantially spindle shape of the present embodiment, but may be an appropriate shape such as an ellipse, an oval, and a rectangle. The processing method for forming the opening 18 is also applicable. It can be adopted as appropriate in consideration of the number of processing. Further, the opening 18 may be left as an air gap as in the present embodiment, or may have an appropriate magnetic permeability in order to more securely fix the permanent magnet 20 to the yoke 16. The resin material may be filled into the openings 18 and cured.

In the rotating motor stator 10 of FIG. 1 having the above configuration, for each permanent magnet 20, the magnetic flux φ emitted from the N pole, which is the magnetic pole 20 a, bypasses the opening 18. As a result, it flows through the magnetic material of the yoke 16 into its own S pole, which is the closest.

Next, a rotor that forms one rotary electric motor in combination with the stator 10 according to the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The rotor 30 includes a substantially cylindrical boss 36 made of a magnetic material, and four salient poles 34 projecting radially outward along the outer periphery of the boss 36. Each salient pole 34 has a permanent magnet 34 a fixed to the base on the boss 36 side and a magnetic head 34 b fixed to the tip thereof. 6 are provided at 90 ° pitches along the outer circumference. Each of the permanent magnets 34a has one of the N and S magnetic poles on the boss 36 side and the end farthest from the boss 36. It is arranged so that the side is the other magnetic pole. In FIG. 2, the arrangement of the magnetic poles is configured to be opposite to each other between the adjacent magnetic poles 34.However, the arrangement of the magnetic poles is not limited to this arrangement. You may. The magnetic material head 34 b mainly converges the magnetic flux between the permanent magnet 34 a of the rotor 30 and the excited magnetic pole 12 of the stator 10 inside thereof, and The magnetic poles 12 are provided in order to reduce as much as possible a pulling-back attracting force exerted on the permanent magnets 34a of the rotor 34, which resists the rotational drive. However, even if the permanent magnets 34a are directly opposed to the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 without providing the magnetic material heads 34b, the effects of the present invention can be sufficiently enjoyed. Can be. The shape of the magnetic head 34a of the rotor magnetic pole 34 and the shape of the permanent magnet 34b are symmetrical with respect to the radially outward of the boss 36 in the embodiment of FIG. However, in order to determine the rotation direction of the rotor 30 at the time of startup, the boss 36 may be formed asymmetrically radially outward from the viewpoint of causing magnetic imbalance. The center of the boss 36 is provided with a shaft hole 32 into which a rotating shaft (not shown) is inserted and fixed.

Next, the configuration and operation of a rotary motor configured by combining the stator for the rotary motor shown in Fig. 1 and the rotor shown in Fig. 2 will be described with reference to Figs. I do. FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of the rotary electric motor according to the present embodiment. The rotor 30 shown in FIG. 2 is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 40 inside the stator 10 shown in FIG. 1 already described. The individual configurations of the stator 10 and the rotor 30 have already been described, and will not be described. Here, the configuration of the stator 10 is as shown in Fig. 1 above, except that the pole piece 12c is extended in the circumferential direction at the tip of each magnetic pole 12. ing. As described above, the pole pieces 12 c serve to adjust the magnetic flux distribution between the stator poles 12 and the rotor salient poles 34. For the purpose of improving startability and reducing cogging between the magnetic poles, these magnetic pole pieces 12c can be formed in a continuous ring shape so as to extend in the circumferential direction, respectively.

FIGS. 3 to 6 show that the opening 18 is provided on the upper surface of the yoke 16 of the stator 10 and the permanent magnet 20 is provided there. For the sake of simplicity, the arrangement of the opening 18 and the permanent magnet 20 is as shown in FIG. It is.

The excitation control device 50 is a current switching device for controlling the direction of the excitation current supplied to the windings 12 b of the respective stator magnetic poles 12 and the on / off switching timing, and generally includes a transistor. Thyristors and other current switching elements, and a control circuit for controlling on / off of the switching elements. In the rotary electric motor according to the present embodiment, since the rotor 30 is basically driven synchronously with the excitation control of the stator magnetic poles 12, an open loop configuration may be used from the viewpoint of drive control. However, in order to detect the rotation angle of the rotor 30, for example, an optical sensor in combination with a light-shielding plate (not shown) having a predetermined notch shape, a Hall element, a rotary encoder and the like are used. Rotor 3

Zero speed control can be performed. In that case, the output signal of the rotation sensor is input to the control circuit of the excitation control device 50 and is used as a trigger signal for controlling on / off of the current switching element according to the rotation angle of the rotor 30. You. Next, the operation of the rotary electric motor according to one embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, Fig. 3 shows a state in which no exciting current is supplied to any of the windings 12b of the stator poles 12 and none of the poles 12 is excited, that is, a state in which the power is off. I have. In this state, the permanent magnets 34a of the respective salient poles 34 included in the rotor 30 are magnetically attracted to the respective stator magnetic poles 12 via the magnetic material heads 34b. Has been exerted. Therefore, each rotor salient pole 34 only exerts a suction force outward in the radial direction. Looking at the rotating shaft 40 passing through the center of the rotor 30, The outward attractive force acting on each rotor pole 34 is substantially balanced (in other words, the circumferential moment acting on rotor 30 is zero). When the windings 12 b of the stator 10 are not energized, the magnetic flux φ of each permanent magnet 20 provided on the yoke 16 has its own N and S poles which are closest to each other. It is considered that no magnetic interaction occurs between the magnets and the permanent magnets 34a provided on the salient poles 34 of the rotor 30 via the magnetic flux.

Next, FIG. 4 shows an initial startup state in which the windings 12 b of the predetermined stator magnetic poles 12 are excited to start the electric motor according to the present embodiment. Now, in order to identify the respective stator magnetic poles 12, the respective stator magnetic poles 12 are denoted by symbols S1 to S4 as shown in the figure. In the initial state of the start-up, among the windings 1 2b of the stator magnetic poles 12 from S 1 to S 4, S 1 and S 3 are excited to the S pole, and S 2 and S 4 are excited to the N pole. Supplying current. As described above, the excitation current supplied to each winding 12 b at this time is controlled by the excitation control device 50. When the stator magnetic poles 12 are excited in this way, the magnetic poles S 1 and S 3 attract the N pole of the rotor 30, and the magnetic poles S 2 and S 4 attract the S pole of the rotor 30. Then, the rotor 30 starts rotating clockwise by the magnetic attraction force as shown in the figure. In this way, when the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 are excited to the respective polarities, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 20 disposed on the yoke 16 between the magnetic poles 1 and 2 causes the magnetic poles of the magnetic poles of the magnetic poles 1 and 2 to rotate. From the state in which the magnetization is closed between the magnetic poles, coupling is performed between the corresponding magnetic poles of the excited stator magnetic poles 12. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, focusing on the permanent magnet 20 disposed between the magnetic poles s1 and s2 of the stator 10, the magnetic pole s1 has an end facing the rotor 3◦. The part is excited so as to have an S pole, and an N pole appears at the base corresponding to the connection with the yoke 16. And-N pole of magnetic pole si → S pole of permanent magnet 20 →

The magnetic flux circulates along the path of the N pole of the permanent magnet 20 → the S pole of the magnetic pole s 2, and the magnetic flux φ of the permanent magnet 20 is added to and contributes to the magnetic flux generated by the excitation current of each of the magnetic poles s 1 and s 2. I have. That is, for each magnetic pole 12 of the stator 10, the magnetic flux corresponding to 2φ is strengthened. This is considered to be equivalent to increasing the exciting current corresponding to 2φ to each of the magnetic poles s1 to s4.Therefore, a large improvement in efficiency can be expected in the rotary motor of the present embodiment. You.

When the rotor 30 further rotates clockwise about 1/2 pitch from the state of FIG. 4 through the state of FIG. 5, the state of FIG. 6 is obtained. At this time, each salient pole 34 of the rotor 30 has reached a position substantially facing the excited stator magnetic poles S 1, S 2, S 3, S 4. In this state, as shown, each rotor salient pole 3 4 and the excited stator The magnetic attraction force acting between the magnetic poles Sl, S2, S3, and S4 acts in the radial direction of the rotor 30 and no longer functions effectively as a driving force for rotating the rotor 30. do not do. Therefore, the polarity of each magnetic pole sl ~ s4 is changed by inverting the excitation current to the windings 12b of the stator magnetic poles S1, S2, S3, S4 which have been excited so far. . This is the state shown in FIG. As a result, the rotor 30 produces a magnetic repulsion between the salient poles 34 and the magnetic poles 12 facing each other, and the magnetic poles 1 having a different polarity excited forward in the rotation direction. It is driven to rotate while being sucked toward 2. It should be noted here that the polarity of each stator magnetic pole 12 has been reversed from the state shown in FIG. 5, so that each permanent magnet 20 provided in the yoke 16 and each magnetic pole 12 The coupling mode of the magnetic flux is also reversed. For example, looking at the permanent magnet 20 disposed between the magnetic poles s 1 and s 2 described in FIG. 4, the N pole of the magnetic pole s 2 → the S pole of the permanent magnet 20 →

The magnetic flux is magnetized with the N pole of the permanent magnet 20 → the S pole of the magnetic pole s i, and each magnetic pole has a contribution equivalent to 2 φ.

As described above, according to the rotary motor according to the present embodiment, the magnetic flux generated by exciting the stator magnetic poles 12 is emitted from the permanent magnets 20 disposed adjacent to the yoke 16. Since the magnetic flux る is added and used, the efficiency as a motor is greatly improved. Also, the coupling between the magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnet 20 and each of the stator magnetic poles 12 is automatically recombined every time the polarity of the magnetic poles 12 is reversed, thereby providing a special switching mechanism. It is not necessary, and the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 20 can always be used.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the rotary motor stator according to the embodiment. The configuration in which four openings 18 are provided in the yoke 16 and the permanent magnets 20 are fitted into each of the openings 18 is the same as that of the stator in FIG. The difference is that both ends in the circumferential direction are connected to each other by a very narrow gap 17. The gap 17 passes through the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 as shown in the figure. The stator 10 is provided so as to make a round at substantially the middle in the axial direction of the stator 10. Therefore, in this modification, the stator 10 is composed of two annular parts with the gap 17 interposed therebetween. With this configuration, not only can the step of forming an opening 18 in the yoke 16 be omitted, but also the dimensional accuracy of the opening 18 and the permanent magnet 20 provided in the opening 18 is so strict. Since there is no need to manage, processing costs can be reduced. Note that if the two annular components are configured to be in contact with each other without providing the gap 17, the resulting configuration is the same as that of the stator 10 in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The stator 10 is obtained.

In the modified example of FIG. 7, all the magnetic poles 12 are in a non-excited state, and the magnetic flux φ from each permanent magnet 20 flows along the yoke 16 to the opposite pole of the adjacent permanent magnet 20. Yes. On the other hand, when the exciting current is supplied so that different polarities appear alternately on the magnetic poles 12 as shown in FIG. 8, the magnetic fluxes from the permanent magnets 20 and the magnetic poles 12 are different from each other. The magnetic flux that is coupled between the poles and emitted from each permanent magnet 20 is used at each magnetic pole 12. If the excitation polarity of each magnetic pole 12 is reversed, the coupling state of the magnetic flux between each permanent magnet 20 and each magnetic pole 12 is automatically reversed as described in the first embodiment, The magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 20 is always effectively used in each magnetic pole 12.

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing another modification of the rotary motor stator according to the embodiment. In this case, the yoke 16 is divided by the gap portion 19 into two relatively thin, substantially cylindrical components on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side of the stator 10. Four openings 18 are provided at 0 ° pitch so as to depress both cylindrical components, and each opening 18 is provided with a permanent magnet so as to intersect the circumferential direction of the yoke 16 20 is fixed. With such a configuration, the same effect as that described in the first modification can be obtained. In this modification, the magnetic pole pieces 12 c of the stator magnetic poles 12 are extended and connected to each other to form a substantially annular ring 13 surrounding the rotor 30. With this configuration, when the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 are not excited, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnets 34 a attached to the rotor 30 flows through the ring 13. Therefore, each rotor salient pole 3 4 is connected to a specific pole 12 of the stator 10 because Is prevented from being locked.

Next, a description will be given of a rotary electric motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of the rotary electric motor according to the second embodiment. The configuration of the stator 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and the description is omitted. In the present embodiment, instead of the rotor 30 having the four salient poles 34 used in the first embodiment, a rotation provided with a hollow cylindrical body 62 made of a magnetic material is used. The difference is that child 60 is used. The hollow cylindrical body 62 made of a magnetic material that can be appropriately selected is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 64 via a stay 62a, and is rotatably supported together with the rotating shaft 64. I have. The rotating shaft 64 is further provided so as to be eccentric from the center of the stator 10 by a distance S, and the rotating shaft 64 rotates eccentrically around the center of the stator 10 so as to draw a circle with a radius δ. It is configured as follows. Although a detailed description and illustration of such an eccentric rotation mechanism will be omitted, those skilled in the art will understand that it can be easily realized by a combination of a bearing and a crank mechanism.

Now, in FIG. 10, when viewed from the side of the rotor 60, the stator magnetic pole s3 is excited so as to be a negative pole. The hollow cylindrical body 62 of the rotor 60 is attracted by the excited magnetic pole s3 and tries to approach it. At this time, the hollow cylindrical body 62 acts while rotating along with the rotating shaft 64 and so that the rotating shaft 64 itself comes close to the excited stator magnetic pole s 3, and acts on the rotating shaft 64. A circular motion occurs around the center of the stator 10. As described above, when the excitation of the magnetic pole s3 is released near the position where the rotor 60 is closest to the stator magnetic pole s3, and the magnetic pole s4 is excited instead, the rotor 60 continues to the magnetic pole s4. The rotation is continued by being sucked, and the circular motion of the rotating shaft 64 is also continued. If the circular motion of the rotating shaft 64 is taken out by a crank mechanism or the like, a continuous rotating torque can be obtained. The magnetic flux flows into the S pole of the magnetic pole s3 from the Ν pole of the permanent magnet 20 provided adjacent to the yoke 16 of the magnetic pole s3 in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole s3 is excited. The magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnet 20 is added to the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic field and used. Also, when the excited stator magnetic pole moves to s4, the coupling mode of the magnetic flux is automatically switched so as to be coupled with the magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnets 20 located on both sides of the stator pole. The magnetic pole is constantly replenished with the magnetic flux Φ from the permanent magnet 20. Next, a rotary motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. I will explain. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the rotary electric motor of the present embodiment. Whereas the magnetic pole 12 is provided so that the conventional stator 10 protrudes inward in the radial direction, the stator 10 of the present embodiment has an annular yoke 1 that constitutes the stator 10. The four magnetic poles 12 are arranged at an equal pitch so as to be orthogonal to the circumferential direction of 6, that is, to project in one direction along the axial direction of the annular yoke 16. An opening 18 is provided in the yoke 16 between the magnetic poles 12, and a permanent magnet 20 is fitted therein. As in the case of the stator 10 in the above-described embodiment, a gap is provided between the yoke 16 and a portion other than the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 20. The arrangement in which the direction connecting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 20 and the circumferential direction of the yoke 16 intersect is the same as in the first and second embodiments.

The rotor 70 is formed as a substantially disk-shaped magnetic material, and a spindle 72 is fixedly connected to the center of the rotor 70. One end of the spindle 72 is connected to a pivot joint 7. It is connected to the fixed shaft 74 via 2a. As a result, the rotor 70 and the support shaft 72 supporting the rotor 70 can rotate around the pivot joint 72a. The other end of the support shaft 72 is connected to the output shaft 76 via another pivot joint 72b. As is clear from FIG. 11, when the rotor 70 and the support shaft 72 swing with respect to one pivot joint 72 a, the other pivot joint 72 b and the output shaft 76 perform circular motion. . The circular motion of the output shaft 76 can be extracted using an appropriate power transmission means such as a crank mechanism.

Here, the operation of the rotary electric motor according to the present embodiment will be described. One of the four magnetic poles 12 provided on the stator 10 is selected, and this is selected so as to match a desired rotation direction. By sequentially exciting, the peripheral portion of the rotor 70 is attracted by the excited magnetic poles 12 and approaches thereto. Such an operation is generated so as to synchronize with the sequential excitation of the adjacent stator poles 12, whereby the rotor 70 and its support shaft 72 rotate and the pivot joint 72 b and回転 Rotation output is generated on the output shaft 76. At this time, for example, the S pole of the magnetic pole 12 is obtained from the N pole of the permanent magnet 20 provided adjacently in the circumferential direction of the yoke 16 of the excited magnetic pole 12 shown in FIG. The magnetic flux flows into the The magnetic flux φ from the negative magnet 20 is added and used. Further, when the stator magnetic pole to be excited moves to the adjacent magnetic pole, the coupling mode of the magnetic flux is automatically switched so as to be coupled with the magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnets 20 located on both sides thereof, and any one of the excitation is performed. The magnetic pole is constantly replenished with the magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnet 20.

Next, a linear motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the rear air motor of the present embodiment, and FIGS. 13 to 13C are schematic plan views showing the operation of the stator. The stator 10 having a long plate shape is formed of an appropriate material such as a laminated silicon steel sheet, and the magnetic poles 12 are juxtaposed at a predetermined pitch. The magnetic pole 12 includes a magnetic core 12 a formed as a protrusion of the stator 10, and a winding 12 b wound on the magnetic core 12 a. For example, a substantially spindle-shaped opening 18 is provided between the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10, and a permanent magnet 20 is fitted inside the opening 18. The permanent magnet 20 is in close contact with the inner surface of the opening 18 at both magnetic poles, and the space other than the magnetic pole is separated from the inner surface of the opening 18 by an air gap. The direction connecting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 20 and the longitudinal direction of the stator 10 cross each other. A mover 80 as a moving body is arranged with a predetermined gap so as to face each magnetic pole 12 of the stator 10. Different magnetic poles are alternately magnetized on the bottom side of the mover 80 facing the stator 10, for example, at intervals equal to the magnetic pole arrangement pitch of the stator 10. Further, the mover 80 can be moved while holding the predetermined gap along the longitudinal direction of the stator 10 by a support mechanism (not shown).

Here, the operation of the stator 10 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A to 13C. First, when none of the magnetic poles 12 is excited, as shown in FIG. 13A, the magnetic flux emitted from each permanent magnet 20 changes from its own N pole to its S pole around the opening 18. It is magnetized to go around. In this state, if the magnetic poles 12 of the stator 10 are alternately excited to have different polarities, the magnetic flux contained in the permanent magnet 20 is adjacent to its own N pole, as shown in Fig. 13B. Flows into the S pole of the stator poles 1 and 2. On the other hand, magnetic flux flows from the N pole of the stator magnetic pole 12 to the S pole of the adjacent permanent magnet 20. As a result, the magnetic flux φ from the permanent magnet 20 is added to each magnetic pole 12 and used. And fixed as shown in Figure 13C When the polarity of the excitation magnetic pole 12 of the child 10 is reversed, the coupling of the magnetic flux with each of the permanent magnets 20 is automatically rearranged accordingly. When the excitation of the magnetic poles 12 is sequentially performed on the stator 10 side, the mover 80 performs a linear motion in synchronization with the excitation. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the rotary motor stator according to the embodiment of the present invention and the rotary motor using the same, the rear air motor stator and the linear motor using the same, the magnetic poles of the stator are excited. The resulting magnetic flux is used by adding the magnetic flux emitted from a permanent magnet disposed adjacent to the yoke, so that the efficiency of the motor is greatly improved. In addition, the coupling between the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet and each stator magnetic pole is automatically rearranged each time the polarity on the magnetic pole side is reversed, so that a special switching mechanism is not required and the permanent magnetic coupling from the permanent magnet is always possible. Magnetic flux can be used.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A plurality of electromagnets are arranged in a ring, and the magnetic poles of each electromagnet are arranged in the radial direction. A yoke made of a magnetic material is provided between one ends of the magnetic cores constituting each electromagnet. A stator for a rotating motor connected to each other,

The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet at any point between adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets. The permanent magnet is in a state where the yoke and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are magnetically connected. And the direction connecting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet intersects the circumferential direction of the yoke,

A portion of the permanent magnet excluding the magnetic pole is separated from the yoke by a region having a smaller magnetic permeability than the yoke.

Stator for rotary motor.

2. The rotary motor stator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is provided between adjacent magnetic cores of each of the electromagnets in a state of being magnetically connected to the yoke.

3. The stator for a rotary electric motor according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between a portion of the permanent magnet excluding each magnetic pole and the yoke.

4. The rotary motor stator according to claim 3, wherein a gap between the permanent magnet and the yoke is filled with a material having a smaller magnetic permeability than the yoke.

5. A rotary electric motor comprising: the stator according to claim 1; and a rotor rotatably disposed inside a plurality of electromagnets of the stator.

6. The rotary electric motor according to claim 5, wherein the rotor has a plurality of salient poles along an outer periphery thereof, and the salient poles are magnetized so as to have the same polarity.

7. The rotary electric motor according to claim 5, wherein the rotor has a plurality of salient poles along an outer periphery thereof, and the salient poles are magnetized so as to have alternate polarities alternately.

8. The claim according to claim 5, wherein the rotor includes a magnetic body formed in a ring shape, and the magnetic body is rotatably supported so as to be eccentric from the center of the plurality of electromagnets arranged in the annular shape. The rotary motor as described.

9. A plurality of electromagnets are arranged in an annular shape such that one ends of the magnetic cores constituting the electromagnets are substantially parallel to each other on one plane, and a magnetic field is formed between the ends of the magnetic cores of the electromagnets. Interconnected by a body-formed yoke,

The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet at any point between adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets. The permanent magnet is in a state where the yoke and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are magnetically connected. The direction connecting the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet intersects the circumferential direction of the yoke,

A portion excluding the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet, a stator for a rotary motor in which the yoke is separated from the yoke by a region having a smaller magnetic permeability than the yoke;

A rotary motor comprising: a circular plate-shaped magnetic body; and a rotor that swings and rotates while being inclined with respect to a magnetic pole at one end of the plurality of electromagnets arranged in an annular shape.

10. A linear motor stator in which a plurality of electromagnets are arranged in a straight line, and one end of a magnetic core constituting each of the electromagnets is connected by a yoke made of a magnetic material.

The yoke is provided with a permanent magnet in a state in which the yoke and the magnetic poles are magnetically connected to each other between the adjacent magnetic cores of the electromagnets, and the gap therebetween. The direction connecting the magnetic poles intersects the longitudinal direction of the yoke, and the portion of the permanent magnet other than the magnetic poles is separated from the yoke by a region having a smaller permeability than the yoke.

Stator for rear air motor.

11. The stator according to claim 10, and a predetermined gap is provided along the longitudinal direction of the stator from an electromagnet of the stator, and different magnetic poles are alternately attached in the longitudinal direction. A motor having a magnetized mover.