WO2004023853A1

WO2004023853A1 - Method and equipment for generating a gas plasma ball

Info

Publication number: WO2004023853A1
Application number: PCT/FI2003/000654
Authority: WO
Inventors: Seppo Konkola
Original assignee: Seppo Konkola
Priority date: 2002-09-05
Filing date: 2003-09-05
Publication date: 2004-03-18
Also published as: AU2003262591A1; NO20024248D0; EP1576863A1; CA2537935A1

Abstract

The present invention discloses an improved method for generating a statically charged plasma ball in a reactor wherein gas or a mixture of gases in at least partly ionized condition blown to the reactor thought nozzles and whereby the gas/mixture of gases is brought into rotation, whereby there is created a magnetic field due to the rotation and whereby energy is fed to the gas in the stabilization phase of the plasma ball. It is possible to lower the working temperature so that in the starting period of the reactor mainly burning is used for the energy source and after stabilizing of the running of the reactor, highly charged and ionized gas is used mainly as the energy source. The invention also relates to nozzles used for obtaining the highly ionized gases.

Description

Method and equipment for generating a gas plasma ball

This invention relates to a method and equipment for generating a gas plasma ball in a reactor.

Gas plasma is created nowadays for several purposes. The main purpose is, however, to created a power plant in which the gas plasma is used for energy production by releasing the atomic binding energy contained by the gas.

Intensive studies have been conducted in various research laboratories to achieve progress in creating non-polluting or less polluting energy sources. Work has been done for improving equipment for taking solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy and the like energy sources.

One promising area where vast energy amounts wait for utilization is the binding etc. energy of the materials themselves. As gas is far much easier to handle compared with many other phases of material, certain research has been directed to use gas plasma for energy production.

US patent specification 5,541 ,385 has been granted to Mr. Seppo Konkola who is the inventor of this invention also. In the referred patent it has been shown a chamber in which it is created a gas plasma ball. The gas plasma ball is brought into rotation inside the chamber and the rotation movement of the gas plasma containing ionized gas particles creates a magnetic field which can be utilized as an energy source. The chamber contains poles between which there is created an electric arc and energy like a laser beam is directed into the arc. The ionization process is started in this way. The test conducted have shown static charges of 10000 and up to over 100000 volts. The important ionization process of the gases is tried to be conducted inside the gas plasma reactor.

The present invention has been developed basing on the above studies. The magnetic field caused by the present process has been surprisingly noticed to be so strong that it exceeds the magnetic field of the earth. This means that if the reaction chamber is weighed during the reaction, it will seem to get lighter as the magnetic field of the same will diminish the mass of the chamber.

Another process which is utilizing the above process of US patent 5,541 ,385 is described in published international application WO 02/03417 to CRT Holdings Inc. In the referred publication there is disclosed a reactor and method for creating a stabilized, heated plasma. It is said that the process will generate a large amount of thermal energy. The temperature of the reactor will rise to 5000 to 6000 degrees Celsius. The initial plasma is created by heating, either through combustion reactions and/or external heating mechanism, a fuel which is a source of hydrogen ions and air (or oxygen) inside the reactor chamber, and then locally ionizing the hot matter with an external source of radiation, such as a laser and/or an electrical discharge and/or microwave discharge.

A gas vortex around the plasma mass may be maintained to control the plasma mass, shape, and location. Further it is said that the reaction is performed in the presence of certain mid-Z elements, such as lithium, beryllium, boron, nitrogen, or fluorine, whereby the reactor is said to generate a steady-state energy output, the gain being typically about 10 or more times the energy input into the reactor. According to the present knowledge the reactor has been working for about two weeks, but the high temperature became a problem in their tests.

Certain details and suggestions to the mechanism and design of the devices used in the two referred publications have been given in said publications.

One serious drawback of the process and device of the last mentioned publication is the high temperature of the plasma and the total process is working on a temperature level where the durability of the equipment is not safe. So lowering the working temperature is one of the main tasks by which the overall efficiency in energy production may be raised and the working and durability of the equipment may be made safe.

In the publication PCT/US01/14791 it has been tried to solve the problem of high temperature by arranging heat exchangers to cool the gases in the reactor. However, this has not been successful in the practice as the charge of the gas seems to disappear when this kind of procedure is followed.

The main purpose of this invention is to avoid the drawbacks of the above known apparatus and to obtain a durable and safe apparatus for e.g. production of electricity.

The present inventor has learned in the numerous tests that the main key for high energy production in a safe rage of temperature is the efficient production of charged particles. So ionization in high yield is essential. Ionization means also high static charge in the gas/mixture of gases.

In brief, following explaining statements of the principles of the present invention, might be useful.

In its best embodiments of the present invention the gases or mixtures of gases and their compositions are controlled by the aid of several nozzles. The gases may be gases which are possibly ionized to certain extent or perhaps also at least partly combustion gases. By using the present system it is easier to control the whole process in a rational way. The ionization of the gases is made more effective, in the best embodiments, by using contact ionization. There are always different charge levels between the gas portions and thus there are also ionizing electric discharges to contribute the total ionization process.

As explained later with reference to the following specification, there are several embodiments to solve the task of high static charge. The figures of this specification will describe several nozzle constructions to make highly charged gases. According to these embodiments it is easy to change e.g. the mutual proportions of the used gases, to change the quantum stage and the transfer of the gases from quantum phase to another, to control the creating of the ionizing photons by the aid of quantum levels, their absorption, electromagnetic transitions and ionizing collisions of inelastic atoms, elastic scattering, to control the mass friction ability of the gases to be fed to the reactor, to control the amount of directly ionizing radiation, to control the amount of indirectly ionizing radiation, to control the repeated scattering of the photons, which is also controlled by the amount of photoelectric phenomenon so that the bigger the photoelectric phenomenon inside the gas mixture is, the smaller is the net amount of ionizing photons.

It is also possible to control the wavelength of light emitting from the gases fed to the reactor, this being a way of having effect on photo ionization. By the process and nozzles according to the present invention it is possible to control the number of the negative and positive ions and electrons and also to control the physical and chemical properties and phenomenon which are inherent in the described process.

According to the present invention it is also possible, according to the tests made, to create a closed energy field in the air outside the reactor. In the tests it was used a thin walled reactor vessel. It was noticed that there was created rotating and glowing gas outside the reactor by the rotational poles of the same. The electromagnetic charge of the gas plasma rotating inside of the reactor was appr. 100000 V. It was noticed that the phenomenon was not because the parts were hot, but the electromagnetic field inside the reactor was collecting charged particles from the surrounding air and those particles had been excited into a glowing state. Also other test have shown similiar results.

In general the ionization process is a process having big number of ways to work. It is not known what kind of ionization process is the first instance process according to the present invention. It is probable that the process is a combination of several different processes; e.g. different collisions between atoms and ions, ionizing radiation, friction ionization and so on.

The principles and results of raising temperature in gases are well known and well documented in the literature. One thing is that raising the temperature will make the atoms and ions move quicker than in lower temperatures. The principle of the present invention to yield energy is based, of course, to the fact that its temperature is raised. According to one definition there is a phase "half ether gases" in which the temperature of the gases has been raised by different methods. In this phase the atoms are spreading to a wider volume, electrons are further from the nucleus and also the protons and neutrons move to a wider volume. The speed of the electrons, protons and neutrons is getting higher and the gas will get more active in many sense. In this half ether phase the atoms are giving up part of the binding energy of the atoms.

According to one theory, Kundalin electricity is a combination of particles charged as plus electricity and particles charged as minus electricity, the plus particles are rotating clockwise and the minus particles counterclockwise. On half ether level gases both ions, positive ion and negative ion, can lose or take electrons, and this electricity is called Kundalin electricity which tends, depending on its energy amount to ionize also other energies and energy fields to like electricity when touching them and tends also that way make those energies amount bigger. This is used also to keep on accelerating ionization inside chambers and liberate atomic binding energy from gases accelerated to higher electromagnetic energy and vibration levels. The Kundalin electricity in half ether phase gases is liberated and the same can be utilized in energy production.

The half ether energy level gases generated in accordance with the present invention have more uniform and higher electromagnetic energy and vibration level. Gas combinations are accelerated by different ionization processes when they are forced by high speed and pressures through nozzles into reactor chambers to circulate inside a reactor. According to this invention special nozzles are used for ionization of the gases before they enter the reactor chamber. The overall procedure has been described in the above publications according to the state of the art.

When the accelerating ionization processes goes further, there comes changes on atom, ion and molecule structure. When the neutrons and protons in nucleus spread on larger area, they liberate some of they atomic binding energy by different radiation and by electromagnetic energy which makes the energy level high inside chamber and produces continuous energy production, which is partly used to keep on accelerating ionization processes and also taken as electromagnetic energy production by different type collecting surfaces and by other suitable methods.

One of the key parts in the method according to the present invention is the nozzle through which the gases are blown into the reactor chamber. As mentioned before, the nozzles are of great importance in ionizing the incoming gases.

In the following, several types of nozzles are represented in the drawings.

So in the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a cross-section from ionization nozzle and gas directing chamber according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the gas directing chamber of Fig. 1 ;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section view of the device according to figure 1 , but now containing different construction;

FIG. 4 and FIG: 5 are sectional views of the different embodiments of figure 3 (left part only);

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 describe further embodiments of the device according to the invention;

FIG. 8 is section view of a further embodiment having on mantle wall;

FIG: 9 is a further embodiment of a double walled construction;

FIG. 10 is a view of quite complicated construction of a nozzle arrangement;

FIG. 11 is a schematic show of what happens in an atom when it is forced into a state of high static charge; FIG. 12 is a side sectional view of a five chamber nozzle;

FIG. 13 shows a horizontal section of the construction according to figure 12;

FIG. 14 shows another type chamber arrangement in the nozzle system;

FIG. 15 and 16 show a simplified principle for switching the reactors together and to use the same as a propulsion device;

FIG. 17 and 18 show the creation of strong negative and positive charges on the surfaces of a reactor; and

FIG. 19 to 22 show a proposed use of the present invention as a propulsion means of an aeroplane or the like.

In figures 1 and 2 there is described an ionization nozzle surrounded by a mantle. So the mantle 3 is a longish, mainly cylindrical part, which is equipped with holes 6 near both ends of it. Gas is blown into the device through the inlet tube 7. The tube 7 continues inside the mantle 3 up to the nozzle 1 wherefrom the gas is ejected into the latter part of the mantle. The whole device may be assembled from several parts. The reference numbers 8 and 10 meaning threads connecting the parts together. The mantle 3 has a conical end part 2 for joining.

The final nozzle part 1 is equipped with holes 4 and it is secured to the mantle 3 by a ring-like support part 5. For making the nozzle more effective in ionizing gases there is, in the last part of the mantle 3, a folded part 9. The meaning of part 9 is to activate the gas also by contact ionizing. This is, in the tests, confirmed to be a effective way of raising the ionization stage of the gas.

In figure 3 there is in principle the same device as in figure 1 , but now there have been made some changes to it. Firstly the mantle 3 is now secured to the base part 2 with screws 11. Like shown in figures 3 and 4, there may be holes 14 in the mantle to make the position of the mantle adjustable by choosing a suitable hole 14 for the tightening screw 11. Figure 5 is trying to show the situation where the holes 6 are adjustable so that there is rotatable part having a knob 16 movable in a slit 17 for rotating the movable part so that the holes 6 in these two parts either align totally, partly or not at all.

The other amendment in the device according to figure 3 is that there is a disk like part 12 secured to the mantle by screws 11. In the middle of the disk 12 there is a short tube 15, which is secured to the disk 12 with threads and is therefor adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the device by simply rotating it along the threads.

In figures 6 and 7 there is described a device having double mantle. The outer mantle 18 may be as long as the device or it may be shorter as described in figure 7. The outer mantle 18 is secured to the inner mantle 3 and the base part 2 with screws 11. Alternatively, as shown in figure 7, the outer mantle 18 may be fixed to the inner one by welding etc. Intermediate parts 19 and 20 keep the mantle tubes 3 and 18 in a fixed position. There are holes 6 in several parts of the mantle tubes.

If needed there may be three or more mantle tubes inside each other and the holes and impact barriers may be designed to give a suitable flow of gases so that the ionization level will be high enough.

In figure 8 there is shown a construction showing certain assembly of units. The units have been joined to each other and the base part by threads 21. In this embodiment the mantle on the first part has been designated by number 3, the second one by 3a etc. The mantle parts have mainly cone like extensions 23, 24, 25 and 26 which form a surface of collision for the flowing gas and strengthen the contact ionization of the gas. As there are several surfaces one after the other, one could talk about step ionization as well.

Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of a double walled device having a different design when compared to what has been shown before. The outer mantle tube 18 is a construction without any holes. Instead the inner mantle part 3 has lots of holes 6. The flowing gas will make its way out from the ring opening between the mantle pieces after it has traveled to the space between the mantles and back into the inner mantle.

The device according to figure 9 there is also a part of the inner mantle having two protrusions 27 and 28 guiding the gas flow and forming surfaces for contact ionization. The outer part of the inner mantle has a conical closing surface 29 and possibly also an adjustable tube 15 fixed through threads to a connecting part 30.

The construction shown in figure 10 is the one to show that the nozzle may have very many functions in the one and same nozzle. Those functions are described in a general way.

As said the figure is described without any special details, just for showing the basic parts that can be combined with the nozzle. The gas flowing to the nozzle and through the same may be affected for instance by magnetrons 31 , 32. The gas or different gases may be blown into the nozzle trough injectors 33, 34, 35. The holes 6 in the wall will direct at least part of the gas flow to the vicinity of different coils 36 for ionization or for other kind of function. The gas flow will return to the main channel after impacting the channel wall 42. The returning flow has different potential in respect of the flow in the main channel. So there will be lots of sparks when these flows meet. This will contribute high ionization of the gas.

Coil 37 will have its effect on the gas in the main channel and the conducting surfaces 38 will also modify the structure of the gas. Accessory nozzles 39 will blow same or different gas into the nozzle.

Part of the gases from the reactor may be re-circulated back to the main gas stream by using suitable side nozzles (e.g. 39). Reference numerals 40 and 41 show that there may be also channels joining to the main nozzle. This channel may be adjustable in its position, like shown by the double arrow in the side channel. Also this channel may contain auxiliary parts for treating the gas flowing therethrough, e.g. coils. Figure 11 shows the normal atomic condition for example for a gas. The other part of figure 11 is the same atom in expanded condition. The expanded condition is the one in which the atoms are in a gas plasma according to the present invention.

In figure 12 there is shown a nozzle having a very effective ionizing function. There are several chambers 42a - 42f, which have been connected in side by side relation in respect of each other. Gas is pressed through a pipe 7 and nozzle 1 to the first chamber 42a in a way described before. There are electric collector and ionization surfaces 43 inside each of the chambers. From chamber 14a gases are pressed through ionization holes 6 to chamber 42b, which has ionization collection surfaces 43 and different electric ionizing equipment 44. From chamber 42b gases are forced through ionization holes into chamber 42c, which has more places to ionization electric equipment and ionization collection surfaces 43 on the inside wall and a pipe 7a for incoming gas.

The gas goes on its way according to the arrows in the drawing. Part of the gas may be pressed out through a pipe 45. The amount of gases lead to the chamber 42e is controlled by electromagnetic valves in pipe 45. In the last chamber 42f, which has possibility to use many different electric ionization equipment 43 and 44 in different places. In the upper part of chamber 42f there is a laser device 46 to ignite gases on places where the laser beam is hitting on the electric arc between poles 47, 47. There are electric ionization collection surfaces 43 on the inside wall of the exhaust pipe 48. It is possible to position the laser 46 closer to the electric arc, possibly on the same level as the arc, when applicable. This chamber combination is made to test the acceleration ionization processes by different gas combinations and take them to safety ways to use on half ether energy and vibration and density levels. The chamber system may be insulated.

Figure 13 shows the above system as a horizontal section and is believed to be self explaining. The numbering is the same as in figure 12.

Figure 14 is a part sectional view of one construction embodiment of the nozzle. There is a chamber, lets say 42c, into which charged gases are pressed through ionization holes from chambers 42b and 42d. As this is a part view only, it is evident that the gas is coming to chamber 42b through ionization holes from chamber 42a into which the gases are pressed through ionization nozzle. There are ionization nozzles in the chamber walls, as described before, e.g. electric ionization equipment. Reference number 49 means an inner chamber in the chamber 42c. The gases fed into 49 or pressed through the inlet pipe 7 are ionized in the inside chamber 49 by the ionization which is made by electromagnetic and static electricity and Kundalin electricity leading wall chamber 49. Gases pressed through chamber 49 are also ionized by radiation through transparent bulbs 50. There may be hole connections between different gases flowing into two different chambers, but mostly the ionization is made by high tension voltage electromagnetic energy and by Kundalin electricity and radiation through chamber 49 wall and through transparent bulbs 50.

The placement and amount the transparent bulbs may differ depending on amounts and types of the gas which is ionized when it is passing through chamber 49. The ionizing gases in chamber are taken back to the process through pipes 51. This chamber system is made for testing Kundalin electric high level ionization effect on such pure gases and gas combinations which can not be ionized among gases inside the reaction chamber. There are possible to use several versions from this system.

In figure 15 there is shown one simplified system for switching together several power plants, the first one of them 52 being the one which is started in a normal way. With 53 it is designated a transparent bulb. After the bigger reactor is running, the smaller ones 54 can be put running and kept running by feeding them with the power of the bigger one.

Figure 16 shows how three reactor system is forming a drive means by connecting them physically and by leading the electric power from them to a cone like collecting device 55 causing a propulsion and movement in the direction designated by arrows. The real nature of the electric and magnetic fields and charges in the gas plasma ball apparatus and method according to the present invention is not known. So some assumptions are to be made. From experience it is known that the lightning can also take the form of ball lightning. Ball lightning is perhaps the closest phenomenon to the present invention. As told by eye witnesses, huge amounts of energy are tied into a ball lightning. On the other hand it is known that ball lightning will go through constructions like wall without causing any harm but may be very destructive. It may start a fire where it moves, but may move on very flammable material without any fire.

So the electricity has many features that are not known. The inventor believes that in this invention he has succeeded in nearing the control of some sides of electricity.

In figures 17 and 18 it is shown how it is possible to create an electric and at the same time magnetic field around the gas plasma reactor 56. In experiments in practice it has been shown that the magnetic field in and around the reactor are easily stronger than the magnetic field of the earth. In this kind of situation it is believed that weaker magnetic field will "disappear" and the stronger field is the working field. The rotational axis of the reactor is designated as 57 in figures 17 and 18. In both figures the positive charge will be created nearby the upper pole of the rotational axis and the negative by the other pole.

As said before the electromagnetic charge may be of the order 100000 volts. The rotating magnetic field will collect positive and negative particles from the air. The particles are excited when the energy of the reactor is transferring to the particles and of course the charge level of the particles will raise all the time and the exciting of further particles is continuing. According to the rising charge level the size of the atoms is growing and they reach finally the so called half ether level, with which they can be collected from the air and also they can be controlled by the strong electromagnetic fields by the rotational poles of the reactor. Alternatively the control may be by surfaces to which the fields have been transferred. It has been shown in the tests that probably the field outside the reactor will start a process in which the reactor will loose its weight. This will probably apply to other object also having the same kind of field. According to the tests it seems to be true that when the level of energy and charge of the field raises, the rotational and vibrational speed of the particles and the number of the positive particles will raise. It looks like the bigger the number of the positive particles is the lighter are the objects inside the field. When the charge level of this artificial field is lowered, the number of negative particles will grow and the objects will seem to gain weight.

According to the tests it looks evident that in the half ether stage of the gas, electricity does not obey the "normal" laws but is going to both directions and the positive as well as the negative ions donate as well as receive electrons and the energy level and strength of the field has a direct influence on this phenomenon.

Also it seems that nearby the surfaces and gases being in a half ether stage, negative charged ions and particles become neutral in respect of other corresponding negative charged ion and particles but draw positive half ether ions >and particles, which in turn repel other positive charged and tend to get wider and form a closed power field which is "pushing away" other closed positive half ether power fields.

As described in figures 19 to 22, this kind of property can be utilized e.g. in an aeroplane type vehicle by forming a strong artificial half ether power field in which the the number of positive particles is raised high enough to make the aeroplane so light that it will raise up. The magnetic field is believe to turn in the ether level particles from one to another as vibrations into the same direction. Sideways the aeroplane is steered by surfaces on which there is created positive or negative half ether level charges.

This will give rise to an assumption that in the condition of this very strong magnetic field a vessel could be driven by the electric charges created by the gas plasma ball apparatus. One important aspect of the present invention is, as stated before, that in the nozzles according to the invention not only the features describe above are effective, but also in the nozzles there are created spontaneously or by purpose potential differences along with the length of the nozzle and between different points of the nozzle. This will emit sparks, bigger or smaller, in the system and also the sparks will contribute formation of ions.

To start the reaction for forming the gas plasma ball in a reactor, for instance the arrangement described in U S patent 5,541 ,385 can be used. That means that there is first a flame, an electric arc is formed and energy is fed to the arc by e.g. laser equipment. But now, in contrary to any known procedure, the system can go on with very small amount of flame or with no flame at all. The highly ionized gas in the plasma will work without any further contribution of flames. This is why the total apparatus will have lower temperature range to work and this is why also the apparatus will be durable and working long times without a fear of breaking, possibly by explosion.

Also there is another aspect in the present invention. The gases which take part in the ionization process will have a cooling effect on the apparatus. This will also add the durability of the apparatus when compared to the known solutions.

Namely too high working temperature is one of the main disadvantages of the known apparatus.

The main idea of the present invention will enclose a wide variety of different modifications and so the invention is to be taken in a non-restricting way keeping in mind the basic idea and the scope of the patent claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating a statically charged plasma ball in a reactor wherein gas or a mixture of gases in at least partly ionized condition blown to the reactor thought nozzles and whereby the gas/mixture of gases is brought into rotation, whereby there is created a magnetic field due to the rotation and whereby energy is fed to the gas in the stabilization phase of the plasma ball, characterized in that in the starting period of the reactor mainly burning is used for the energy source and after stabilizing of the running of the reactor, highly charged and ionized gas is used mainly as the energy source.

2. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that static charge of the gas is raised up to so called half ether level.

3. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the static charge of the gas is raised partly by re-circulating the ionized gas, having static charge already, from the reactor.

4. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the gases forming the gas plasma ball are ionized in ionizing nozzles.

5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the gases participating the ionizing process in the nozzle are used for cooling the gas plasma ball reactor.

6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method is used for creating magnetic fields which are stronger than the magnetic field of the earth.

7. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method is used for creating magnetic field also on outside of the gas plasma ball reactor.

8. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the gas or mixture of the gases is blown in to the reactor through nozzles having high ability for contact ionization.

9. Nozzle for blowing gases into a reactor where a statically charged gas plasma ball is to be created and having a channel (7) or auxiliary nozzle (33-35) for the incoming gas or mixture of gases and at least one mantle wall (3) forming a directing chamber, characterized in that there is at least one surface (9, 12, 15, 23-26, 27, 28, 29, 42) against which the gas low will hit for contact ionization.

10. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the nozzle contains auxiliary nozzles (39, 40, 41 ) for injecting gases into the nozzle.

11. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the nozzle encloses equipment for affecting the charge or other properties of the gas, like magnetrons (31 , 32), coils (36, 37), electric ionization equipment (44), ionization collecting surfaces (38, 43) or the like.

12. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the nozzle is formed of at least two mantle tubes (3, 18) within each other whereby there is access for the flowing gas also to the intermediate space between the mantles (3, 18).

13. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the holes (6) for the gas are adjustable.

14. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the nozzle apparatus contains at least two consecutive chambers (42a, 42b,..) whereby the gas to be ionized is pressed from one chamber to the other through ionizing holes (6).

15. A nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that the nozzle apparatus contains ionizing chamber located inside each other.

16. Use of the gas plasma reactors and nozzles according to any of the preceding claims in a. series of reactors. creating a closed electromagnetic power field in the reactor/outside the reactor.