WO2004011877A1 - Laser-type angle detection device, crankshaft deflection measuring-device, crankshaft deflection-measuring method, and crankshaft - Google Patents

Abstract

A laser-type angle detection device comprises laser oscillation means (17) for oscillating laser light of parallel beam flux, and laser light reception means (18) for receiving laser light from the laser oscillation means. The laser light reception means (18) comprises a light path (46) for laser light, provided inside the laser light reception means, a pin hole (48) provided on one end side of the light path (46), and a light reception element (49) provided on the other side of the light path (46), for receiving laser light from the pin hole (48) and converting it to an electric signal. An angle formed by an object at a remote point is easily detected without contact using laser light.

Description

 Description Laser angle detector, crankshaft deflection measurement device, crankshaft deflection measurement method, and crankshaft technical field

 The present invention relates to a laser complete angle detecting device, a crankshaft deflection measuring device, a crankshaft deflection measuring method, and a crankshaft. Background art

 When turning or grinding the crankshaft of a large marine diesel engine, etc., when incorporating the crankshaft into the casing of the diesel engine, or when regularly inspecting the diesel engine mounted on the ship Another problem is the deflection of each throw in the crank axis.

 Conventionally, the method of measuring the deflection of the crankshaft includes a method in which a measurer uses a rod-shaped measuring instrument having a dial gauge at one end, and a measurer reads the scale of the dial gauge to perform measurement. There is a method using a deflection measuring device as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-39704.

The deflection measurement device includes: a rotation angle detection unit that detects a rotation angle of a crankshaft; a distance detection unit that detects a distance between a pair of arm portions in each throw of the crankshaft on a journal side; And a measuring base station for processing the detection data of the distance detecting means to obtain the deflection of the crankshaft. The distance detecting means and the measuring base station are connected by wireless two-way communication. A contact type digital dial gauge is used for the distance detection means. At the time of measurement, a digital dial gauge is attached to the journal between the pair of arms through appropriate means such as a tensioning device, and the measuring element contacts the inner surface of the pair of arms. Then, while rotating the crankshaft in a predetermined direction, a change in the interval between the pair of arm portions on the journal portion side is detected as an electric signal by the mechanical movement of the tracing stylus at that time.

 If there is a deflection on the crankshaft, it appears as a change in the interval on the journal side between the pair of arms, and the relative angle between the journals can be determined by detecting the interval with the distance detecting means. Therefore, if the rotation angle of the crankshaft is detected by the rotation angle detection means, and the distance detection means detects the distance on the journal side between the pair of arms, the degree of deflection at which mouth of the crankshaft can be obtained. You can measure whether there is.

 However, the conventional deflection measuring device uses a contact-type digital dial gauge as the distance detecting means, and attaches the distance detecting means to the journal side between the pair of arm parts via a tension means or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully mount the vehicle with care and the mounting work is troublesome. Particularly, in the case of a multi-cylinder diesel engine, there is a problem that the preparation work before measurement becomes very complicated.

In addition, when turning or grinding the crankshaft, the connecting rod is not attached to its pin yet, so measurement can be performed with the distance detecting means attached between the pair of arms. When assembling the vehicle, adjusting the shaft center when installing a diesel engine on a ship, or periodically inspecting the diesel engine installed on a ship, connect the distance detection means by rotating the crankshaft. Since the rod interferes with the rod, the distance detection means must be removed and replaced each time the rotation angle reaches the angle of the connecting rod. There is a problem that measurement can be performed only for each mouth.

 Also, even if the mounting position of the distance detecting means is changed, each time it is necessary for the operator to enter the casing and perform work, in the case of a multi-cylinder diesel engine with a large number of throws, There is a drawback that it takes an extremely long time to attach and detach the work, and the work efficiency is extremely reduced. In addition, the inspection of diesel engines after the stoppage of the engine has a serious safety problem because the engine is in a very poor environment with high temperature oil fog.

 In view of such a conventional problem, the present invention uses a laser-type angle detecting device that can easily detect an angle formed by a laser beam with an object at a distant point in a non-contact manner, and a laser beam. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crankshaft deflection measurement device, a crankshaft deflection measurement method, and a crankshaft capable of easily measuring a deflection, etc., which can easily and quickly measure the deflection of the crankshaft. Disclosure of the invention

 The laser-type angle detecting device according to the present invention includes a laser oscillating means 17 for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam, and a laser receiving means〗 8 for receiving one laser beam from the laser oscillating means 17. The laser receiving means 18 is provided at an optical path 46 of laser light provided therein, a pinhole 48 provided at one end of the optical path 46, and provided at the other end of the optical path 46. And a light receiving element 49 for receiving the laser beam from the pinhole 48 and converting it into an electric signal. Therefore, it is possible to easily and surely detect the angle formed with the target at a remote point without using the laser beam.

It is desirable that the light path 46 be provided in the dark room 47. It is desirable that the size of the pinhole 48 be smaller than the diameter of the light beam of the laser beam. Mounting means 21 and 22 for separately mounting the laser-oscillating means〗 7 and the laser-light-receiving means〗 8, one of which is detachably mounted on a reference part and the other is mounted on a measuring part. May be provided.

 Further, a laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 including the laser oscillation means 17 and the laser light receiving means 18 and a reflection means 91 reflecting the laser light from the laser oscillation means 17 in the opposite direction. The laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 transmits the laser light from the laser oscillation means 17 to the reflection means 91 side and transmits the laser light from the reflection means 9.1 to the reflection means 91. A half mirror 92 is provided for reflecting the reflected light of the laser beam toward the pinhole 48 side.

 In this case, one of the laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 and the reflecting means 91 may be provided with a mounting part 21 and a mounting part 21 so as to be removably mounted on the reference part and the other on the measuring part. desirable.

 Angle calculating means 6 for calculating a detection angle based on a distance I from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49 and a distance m from a reference position of the light receiving element 49 to a light receiving position of the laser beam 6. It is desirable to have 4. It is preferable that the optical path 46 includes one or a plurality of reflection mirrors 50 and 51 for reflecting one laser beam from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49 side.

The crankshaft deflection measurement device according to the present invention is a crankshaft deflection measurement device configured to measure the amount of deflection at each predetermined rotation angle of the crankshaft 1. A laser oscillating means 17, which is mounted on the side and oscillates a laser beam of a parallel light beam substantially in parallel with the axis of one of the journals 3, and which is mounted on the side of the journal 3 of the arm 4, The laser beam from the laser oscillating means 17 is received by the light receiving element 49 via the pinhole 48. Laser receiving means 18 for detecting a relative angle between the two journal portions 3, and deflection calculating means for calculating the deflection amount based on the relative angle detected by the laser receiving means 18 for each predetermined rotation angle 8 and 6 are provided. Therefore, the deflection of the crankshaft 1 can be easily and quickly measured using the laser beam.

 It is desirable to use the above-mentioned laser set angle detecting device # 5 as the laser oscillation means 17 and the laser light receiving means 18. Also, the laser oscillation means 7 and the laser light receiving means 18 are provided in each of the plurality of throws 2 of the crankshaft 1, and the deflection accumulating means 8 for accumulating the amount of deflection in each throw 2; It is desirable to have monitoring means for monitoring the accumulation results.

The method for measuring the deflection of a crankshaft according to the present invention comprises: a laser oscillating means 17 for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam to a connecting rod 130 in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the journal portion 3; The laser light from the oscillating means 17 is received by the light receiving element 49 through the pinhole 48 by the light receiving element 49, and the laser light receiving means 18 for detecting the relative angle between the pair of journals 3 is used. When the amount of deflection is measured while rotating the crankshaft 1 at the time when the laser beam is blocked by the connecting rod 130 or when the connecting rod 1 is The relative angle is detected by the laser receiving means 18 at predetermined time intervals or at predetermined rotation angles with reference to the time point at which the shielding of the laser light by 30 is canceled. Therefore, the deflection of the crankshaft 1 can be easily and quickly measured using the laser beam. It is desirable to use the above-mentioned laser set angle detecting device 15 as the laser oscillation means 17 and the laser light receiving means 18. Further, the laser oscillation means 17 and the laser light receiving means 18 are provided for each of the plurality of throws 2 of the crankshaft 1, and simultaneously the deflection It is desirable to measure the amount of shion. It is also desirable to monitor the amount of deflection in each of the plurality of throws 2 at a time. The crankshaft according to the present invention includes a plurality of throws 2 each having a laser-type angle detection device 15. Therefore, the angle can be easily detected when necessary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a deflection measurement device showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a laser oscillation means showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a laser oscillation unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a laser light receiving unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view of a laser receiving unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of angle detection according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the first embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a deflection showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a laser-type angle detection device showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of a laser oscillation light receiving unit showing a second embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a plan sectional view of a laser oscillation light receiving unit showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 13 is a front sectional view of a laser oscillation light receiving unit showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a reflecting means according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a front view of the reflecting means according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a front view of a throw portion showing a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a part of a mouth showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a third view of the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

 FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway view of a throw portion showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 illustrate a first embodiment of a crankshaft deflection measuring device using a laser complete angle detecting device.

 As shown in Fig. 1, the crankshaft 1 for which deflection is to be measured is for a multi-cylinder engine and has a plurality of throws 2 in the axial direction, each throw 2 having a journal 3 and a base having a journal. It is composed of a pair of arm portions 4 fixed to the portion 3 and a pin portion 5 fixed between the tip portions of the pair of arm portions 4. The base side, which is the journal portion 3 side of each arm portion 4, is machined into an arc shape centering on the journal portion 3 on the side opposite to the pin portion 5 with respect to the journal portion 3.

At one end of the crankshaft 1, a thrust portion 6 for supporting the thrust load is provided. The crankshaft 1 is arranged on a bed 8 of a lathe 7 for machining a journal, and each journal 3 and thrust 6 are rotatable from below by a support means 9 on the bed 8. Supported. The lathe 7 has a headstock 10 and a turret (not shown) in addition to the bed 8, and the headstock 10 is provided with a main shaft 11 for rotating the crankshaft 1 around the axis. Have been. A chuck 12 for detachably holding the crankshaft 1 is provided at one end of the main shaft 11, and a rotation angle detecting means 13 for detecting the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 is provided at the other end. The rotation angle detecting means 13 is constituted by an encoder or the like. The support means 9 supports the lower surface of the journal 3 at two points from the front and rear sides, and the height of the journal 3 The deflection measurement device Ί4, which measures the deflection of the crankshaft Ί, adjusts the crankshaft 1 by adjusting the rotation angle detection means 13 as shown in FIG. A set of laser angle detectors 15 attached to each of the plurality of throws 2 and using laser light to detect the relative angle between the journal portions 3 in a non-contact manner, and a laser type angle detector for each throw 2 While transmitting and receiving commands, data, etc. by wireless communication with the device 15, the rotation angle of the crankshaft〗 detected by the rotation angle detection means 13 and the laser complete angle detection device 15 are detected. A measurement base station 16 that measures the deflection of each throw 2 based on the relative angle of the journal 3 and the crankshaft 1 mounted on a lathe 7 for processing the journal. Around the axis It is adapted to measure the Defurekushiyon while rotating the.

 The laser type angle detecting device 15 is composed of a laser-oscillating means 17 (see FIGS. 2 to 4) detachably mounted on the journal 3 side of one arm 4 and the journal of the other arm 4. And a laser receiving means 18 (see FIGS. 5 and 6) detachably attached to the three sides. The laser oscillating means 1 飞 and the laser receiving means 18 are separate parts, and the arc-shaped mounting surfaces 1 9 and 20 formed by machining on the journal 3 side of the arm 4 are magnet-type mounting means 2 It is attached detachably via 1, 2 2.

The laser oscillating means 17 is for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam substantially in parallel with the axis of one of the journals 3, and as shown in FIGS. A laser-oscillator 26 disposed in the housing recess 24 of the case body 23 in a front-rear direction and having an intermediate portion supported via an angle adjusting mechanism 25; and a power supply for supplying power to the laser-oscillator 26. Power supply 27 is provided. W

The laser-oscillator 26 has an optical system such as a convex lens for narrowing the light beam of the laser beam into a circular shape having a predetermined diameter on the distal end side, and a receiving recess formed at the upper side of the oscillation case body 23 with an opening on the front side. The rear end side of the oscillation case body 23 is fitted in the holding recess 29 of the oscillation case body 23 via an elastic ring 28 such as a ◦ ring.

 The angle adjustment mechanism 25 is used to adjust the angle of the laser oscillator 26 up and down and left and right during assembly, and a holding ring 30 fixed to the outer periphery of the laser oscillator 26 and a front of the holding ring 30. A support ring 31 fixed in the recessed portion 24 of the oscillation case body 23 and loosely fitted to the laser oscillator 26; an oscillation case body 23 interposed between the holding ring 30 and the support ring 31; And an intermediate ring 32 loosely fitted to the laser oscillator 26.

 The holding ring 30 is supported via a pair of left and right fulcrum members 33 so as to be able to change the angle in the vertical direction with respect to the intermediate ring 32, and the upper and lower portions of the intermediate ring 32 contact the holding ring 30 from the front. A pair of adjusting screws 34, 35 are screwed forward and backward to be able to move forward and backward. On the outer periphery of the adjusting screw 34, a compression panel 34a is inserted between the holding ring 30 and the intermediate ring 32.

 The intermediate ring 32 is supported by the pair of upper and lower fulcrum members 37 arranged on the same plane as the pair of left and right fulcrum members 33 so as to be capable of changing the angle in the left-right direction with respect to the oscillation case body 23. A pair of right and left adjustment screws 38, 39 that come into contact with the intermediate ring 32 from the front side are screwed to the support ring 31. On the outer periphery of the adjusting screw 38, a compression panel 38a is fitted between the intermediate ring 32 and the support ring 31. The support ring 31 has an adjustment hole 31a corresponding to the adjustment screws 34, 35 of the intermediate ring 32.

In the oscillation case body 23, a power supply chamber 40 for housing a power supply 27 is provided below the housing recess 24 for the laser oscillator 26. Power supply 2 7 is charging It is composed of a plurality of batteries of the type, and is removably inserted into the power supply chamber 40 from the rear side. The oscillation case body 23 has a front cover 41 that covers the opening end side of the housing recess 24 for the laser oscillator 26 and a power supply cover 42 that covers the power supply 27 from the rear side. It is attached to. The front cover 41 is formed of a transparent plate, a colored plate, or the like having a light transmitting property for transmitting a laser beam. Further, the oscillation case body 23 is provided with a power switch 43 for turning on and off a power circuit of the laser oscillator 26 at an appropriate position such as a side surface.

 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the laser receiving means 18 includes a light receiving case body 45, a dark room 47 formed inside the light receiving case body 45 and having an optical path 46 for the laser light therein. A pinhole 48 provided at one end of the optical path 46 with respect to the darkroom 47, and a laser disposed at the other end of the optical path 46 facing the darkroom 47 and from the pinhole 48. A light receiving element 49 that receives one light and converts it into an electric signal, and one that is disposed in the optical path 46 in the dark room 47 and reflects the laser light from the pinhole 48 toward the light receiving element 49 Or, it is provided with a plurality of reflection mirrors 50, 51, various control boards 52, a transmitting / receiving antenna 53, and a power supply 54 for supplying power to each part.

 The light receiving case body 45 has an inner support 55, and an external force bar 56 detachably attached to the outside of the inner support 55, and a dark room 47 inside the inner support 55. Is provided. The inner support 55 has a front-to-rear entrance tube 58 projecting forward from the entrance 57 side of the dark room 47.A pinhole 48 is provided at the front end of the entrance tube 58 at substantially the center. Light receiving plate 59 is mounted. The size of the pinhole 48 is larger than the diameter of the laser beam so that a part of the laser beam passes when the laser beam is applied to the approximate center of the light receiving plate 59. Is also getting smaller.

Note that the pinhole 48 is generally formed of a round hole, a square hole, or the like. However, when the angle of the detection target is a one-dimensional direction, the one-dimensional direction (for example, The size of (downward) should be smaller than the one-dimensional (up-down) dimension of the laser beam.

 In order to secure a sufficient optical path length from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49, the laser beam from the pinhole 48 is reflected in a zigzag shape before and after the darkroom 47 so as to ensure a sufficient optical path length. A first reflecting mirror 50 and a second reflecting mirror 51 are provided. The first reflecting mirror 50 is arranged on the optical path 46 on the side of the incident tube 58 on the rear side of the upper part of the dark room 47 so as to face the pinhole 48, and receives the laser beam from the pinhole 48. It is designed to reflect the light to the front of the mirror at 5 mm. The second reflection mirror 51 is arranged on the lower front side of the dark room 47, and reflects the laser light from the first reflection mirror 50 to the light receiving element .49 toward the rear. The reflection mirrors 50 and 51 are attached to the light receiving case body 45 with an adhesive or the like. Further, the reflection mirrors 50 and 51 are arranged vertically before and after in the dark room 47, but may be arranged left and right.

 The light receiving element 49 is composed of a two-dimensional PSD, CCD, etc., mounted vertically on the back substrate 60, and the light receiving case body is provided via the substrate 60 corresponding to the lower rear opening 61 of the dark room 47. Attached to 4-5. When receiving the laser beam as shown in FIG. 7, the light receiving element 49 receives an electric signal (light receiving signal) corresponding to the distance m from the reference position a to the light receiving positions b and c of the laser beam. No.) is output.

The control board 52 is mounted on the left and right sides and / or the upper side of the inner support 55 in the light receiving case body 45, and is covered with an external force bar 56. As shown in FIG. 8, the control board 52 includes transmission / reception means 62, timing means 63, angle calculation means 64, angle storage means 65, angle detection control means 66, and a power switch 67. And various other electronic components. The power switch 67 has an operation part protruding above the external force bar 56 so that it can be operated from the outside. The antenna 53 is for transmitting and receiving commands, data, and the like to and from the measurement base station 16 by wireless communication, and is disposed at an appropriate place such as the back side of the light receiving case body 45. For example, an antenna mounting portion 68 is provided at the upper end of the rear end of the light receiving case body 45, and the antenna 53 is mounted on the antenna mounting portion 68 in a downward direction substantially parallel to the light receiving case body 4.5. I have. The antenna 53 is electrically connected to the transmitting / receiving means 62 of the control board 52. The length of the antenna 53 is shorter than the lower end of the mounting means 22.

 The power supply 54 is composed of a plurality of rechargeable batteries or the like, and is inserted and removed from the front into a power supply room 69 formed below the light-receiving case body 45 below the dark room 47 and stored therein. A power supply cover 70 is mounted on the front side of the power supply chamber 69, and a cover 71 is mounted on the rear side of the board 49 so as to be detachable.

 The mounting means 21 and 22 for detachably mounting the laser oscillating means 17 and the laser receiving means 18 on the reference part or the measuring part are the support base fixed to the lower side of each case body 23, 45. 7 2, 7 3, the permanent magnets (not shown) provided in the support tables 7 2, 7 3, and the front and rear sides of the support tables 7 2, 7 3 Operation levers 74, 75 for permanent magnets movably supported. When the operating levers 74 and 75 are operated to one side in the left and right direction, the mounting means 21 and 22 move the support bases 71 and 73 to the reference part or the measuring part by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. It can be fixed, and can be released when operated in the opposite direction. A pair of left and right legs 76 and 77 are provided at the lower ends of the supports 72 and 73 so as to contact the mounting surfaces 19 and 20 such as the base of the arm 4.

The light receiving element 49 of the laser receiving means 18, the transmitting and receiving means 62, the timing means 63, the angle calculating means 64, the angle storing means 65, and the angle detecting controlling means 66 are As shown in FIG. 8, the angle detection control means 66 connected to the power supply 54 via the power switch 67 supplies at least one rotation of the crankshaft 1 when a measurement start command is issued from the measurement base station 16. It has a function to control the detection operation of each part in the inside, a function to read out the detection data when the detection result transmission command is sent from the measurement base station 16 and send it to the transmission / reception means 62, etc. This is for controlling each operation on the 8 side.

 The transmission / reception means 62 is for transmitting / receiving various command signals, data, and the like to / from the measurement base station # 6 via the antenna 53. When the transmitting / receiving means 62 receives the measurement start command, the timing means 63 starts the timekeeping operation under the control of the angle detection control means 66, and the journal part 3 should detect the relative angle a between each other. To measure the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ at the time interval t, and to sequentially indicate the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ Things.

 The angle calculation means 64 is controlled by the angle detection control means 66 each time the timing means 63 indicates the measurement time t0, t1, t2, t3 at a predetermined time interval t. The distance m (distance m 0, m 1, m 2, m 3-■ ■) from the reference position of the light receiving element 49 to the light receiving position of the laser beam is sampled, and the distance m and the light from the pinhole 48 are sampled. Based on the distance I to the element 49, the relative angles α 0, α 1, of the two jaw parts 3, which are the detection angles for each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 α 2, α 3... ′ are calculated using a predetermined calculation program (a = tan—'m / l).

The angle storage means 65 stores detection angles α Ο ', a 1, a 2, a 3 which are the calculation results of the angle calculation means 64 at each of the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3. -■ · to memorize each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ 'and each detection angle α 0, a 1, a 2, a 3--- Detected —Ta “t O: ct O” “Se 1: a 1” '“t 2: a 2 j“ t 3: ct 3 ”■ ■

'To be memorized.

 The measurement base station 16 includes a transmitting / receiving antenna 80 and a transmitting / receiving means 81 for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data to and from the laser and the light receiving means 18, as well as a measurement processing controlling means 82 and an input means 8. 3. It has timekeeping means 84, correlation storage means 85, deflection calculation means 86, deflection integration means 87, monitoring means 88, etc. The input means 83, the timing means 84, the correlation storage means 85, the deflection operation means 86, the deflection accumulation means 87, the monitoring means 88, etc. are constituted by a personal computer or the like operated by predetermined measurement software. I have.

 The measurement processing control means 82 is for controlling various operations on the measurement base station 16 side. The input means 83 is composed of a keyboard or the like, and is used for inputting conditions of the crankshaft 1 to be measured, a measurement start command, a measurement result transmission command, a monitoring command, other conditions, commands, and the like. When the measurement means 84 receives a measurement start command from the input means 83, the measurement processing control means 82 controls the timing operation by synchronizing with the laser light receiving means 18 and the time measurement means 63 on the side of the laser beam. Synchronize with the timing means 6 3, the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 are measured at predetermined time intervals t at which the relative angle a between the journal parts 3 should be detected. Time t O, t 1, t 2, t 3

--It is for sequentially instructing.

 The correlation storage means 85 stores the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 detected by the rotation angle detection means 13 and the clock times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 of the clock means 84.

■ This is for storing in association with each throw 2 separately, for example, the pin part

When evaluating the deflection amount based on the relative angle of the journal portion 3 when 5 is 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, the journal portion in a certain throw 2 When the rotation angle of 3 is 0 °, the rotation angle of pin 5 is 0 If it is °, the rotation angle of the pin part 5 is 0. , 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° and the measurement times t 0, t90, t18 corresponding to the rotation angles 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, 270 ° 0 and t 27 0 are stored in association with each other.

 The deflection calculating means 86 calculates the amount of deflection for each throw 2 from the relative angle α of the journal 3 in each mouth 12 detected by each laser light receiving means 18. The transmitting / receiving means 62 of the measurement base station 16 issues a command to transmit the detection data necessary for evaluating the amount of deflection to the specific laser receiving means 18 or all the laser receiving means 18 and the laser receiving means.検 出 When the detection data is transmitted from the transmission / reception means 6 2 of 8, the distance on the journal 3 side between the pair of arms 4 is calculated for each throw 2 based on the detection data of the journal 3 for each throw 2. The deflection amount in the throw 2 is separately calculated from the distance between the arm portions 4. In this case, the deflection calculating means 86 temporarily uses the pair of arm portions 4 based on the detected angles of the journal portions 3. Although the distance between the arm portions 4 is calculated, and then the deflection amount is calculated from the distance between the arm portions 4, the deflection amount may be calculated from the detected angles of the journal portions 3.

 The deflection accumulating means 87 is for accumulating and storing the deflection amount in each throw 2 of the crankshaft 1 calculated separately by the deflection calculating means 86 sequentially. Monitoring means 8 8 is input means

8 When the simultaneous or individual monitoring command is issued from 3, the amount of deflection in each throw 2, which is the accumulation result stored in the deflection accumulation means 87, is displayed on the display screen simultaneously or individually by numbers, graphs, etc. It is for displaying and monitoring, and is composed of liquid crystal display means. In addition, monitoring means 8 8 Alternatively, it may be constituted by a printing means for printing the accumulation result of the deflection accumulation means 87 on recording paper or the like.

 When measuring the deflection amount in each of the throws 2 of the crankshaft 1, first, each set of lasers 15 is attached to each of the throws 2 of the crankshaft 1. In this case, one of the laser oscillating means 17 and the laser receiving means〗 8 constituting the laser type angle detecting device 15 is placed on one side of the arm section 4 on the journal section 3 side and the other is on the other side. It is mounted on the journal part 3 side of the arm part 4 via mounting means 21 and 22 respectively.However, since the mounting means 21 and 22 are attached by the attractive force of the permanent magnet, The laser-oscillating means 17 and the laser-receiving means 18 can be easily mounted on the arm 4. .

 In addition, the journal part 3 side of each arm part 4 has an arcuate mounting surface 19, 20 around the third round of the journal part, and a pair of support bases 7 2, 7 3 is provided on the mounting surface 19, 20. By bringing the legs 76, 77 of the laser contact means into contact with each other, the laser oscillator 26 of the laser oscillating means 17 is substantially parallel to the axis of the journal section 3, and the laser receiving means 18 The optical path 46 between the pinhole 48 and the first reflecting mirror 50 is substantially parallel to the axis of the other journal 3.

 Therefore, one of the laser-oscillating means 17 and the laser-receiving means 18 is mounted so that the light beam of the laser light from the laser-oscillator 26 irradiates substantially the center of the light-receiving plate 59 of the laser-receiving means 18. Since it is only necessary to adjust in the circumferential direction of the surfaces 19 and 20, complicated position adjustment despite the laser oscillation means〗 7 and the laser receiving means 18 being separately mounted on the separate arm 4 Is not required.

After the laser type angle detector 15 is attached to the crankshaft 1, when the crankshaft 1 is rotated at a low speed in a predetermined direction and a re-measurement start command is input by the input means 83 of the measurement base station 16 , Sending and receiving means 6 2 for each throw 2 At the same time, the measurement start command is wirelessly transmitted to the attached laser receiving means 18.

 When the transmitting / receiving means 62 of each laser-light receiving means 18 receives the measurement start command, the timing means 84 of the measuring base station 16 and the timing means 63 of the laser-light receiving means 18 are simultaneously synchronized. The timers 6 3 and 8 4 measure the time t 0 and t 1 at predetermined time intervals t at which the relative angle α of the journal 3 of each throw 2 should be detected. , t 2, t 3 ■ ■-in order.

 On the measurement base station 16 side, the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1 detected by the rotation angle detection means 13 and the measurement times t O, t 1, t 2, t 3 · ■ ■ measured by the timing means 84 Based on this, the correlation storage means 85 stores the respective rotation angles necessary for evaluating the deflection amount of each throw 2 and the measurement time corresponding to that rotation angle in each throw 2 in association with each other. For example, in a certain throw 2, the rotation angle is 0. , 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, if the measurement times are t0, t90, t180, and t270, the rotation angles are 0 °, 9 0 °, 180 °, 270 ° and the measurement times t0, t90, t180, t270 are stored in association with each other.

 On the other hand, on the side of each laser light receiving means 18, every time the timing means 63 indicates the measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 at a predetermined time interval t, the angle is calculated. The means 64 sequentially samples the distances m 0, m 1, m 2, m 3 from the laser light receiving means 18 according to the light receiving position at that time, and measures each time t 0, t 1, t 2, the relative angle α of the journal 3 at t 3---is calculated and stored.

In this case, the laser oscillator 26 of the laser oscillating means 17 oscillates one laser beam of a light beam parallel to the axis of the one journal part 3 to the laser receiving means 18 side. If part 3 is parallel, As shown in (A), the laser beam irradiates from the pinhole 48 to the reference position a of the light receiving element 49, and the laser light receiving means 18 outputs m O with a distance of zero.

 When the axes of the two journal portions 3 are relatively inclined, the light receiving positions b and c on the light receiving element 49 of the laser beam are directed upward as shown in FIG. 7 (B :) or (C). Or, it moves downward, and the distance m from the reference position a to the light receiving positions b and c is proportional to the relative angle α of both journal portions 3.

Then, an electric signal corresponding to the distance m between the reference position a and the light receiving positions b and c is read from the light receiving element 49 and the distance m and the optical path 46 from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49 are read. The relative angle α between the two journal sections 3 can be obtained by performing an arithmetic operation according to the arithmetic expression of α = tan− ¹ m / I by the angle arithmetic means 64 based on the distance I of the two.

 In this way, at least one measurement time t O, t 1, t 2, t 3 measured by the time counting means 63 while the crankshaft 1 makes at least one rotation, the angle detection control means 66 Under control, the distances m O, m 1, m 2, and m 3-'of the light receiving means 18 at the measurement time points t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 · · ■ are sampled and the angle calculation means 6 4 Calculates the relative angles α 0, a 1, a 2, a 3-· ■, and the angle storage means 65 calculates the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ and the relative angles ct 0, Detection data corresponding to 1, 2, α 3 ■ ■ ■

“T O: ct O” “t l: a“ t 2: a 0 ”“ t 3: ct 0 ”'Store as one.

The laser type angle detecting device 15 of each throw 2 performs the detecting operation at the same time, detects the relative angle ct of the journal portion 3 in each throw 2 at the same time, and stores it in the respective angle storage means 65. In other words, there is a laser angle detector 15 for each throw 2, but the measurement base station 16 transmits a measurement start command to the laser receiving means 18 of each laser angle detector 15 at the same time. Therefore, since the timing means 63 simultaneously starts the timing operation in synchronization with each other, at each throw 2, the same measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ indicated by the timing means 63 are obtained. Each relative angle can be sequentially detected.

 When the crankshaft 1 is rotated once and the detection of the relative angle α of the journal section 3 in each throw 2 is completed, the laser beam is transmitted from the measurement processing control means 82 of the measurement base station Ί6 to the transmission / reception means 81. A detection result transmission command is transmitted to one light receiving means 18. At this time, in the measurement processing control means 82, the rotation angles 0 ° and 90 of the crankshaft 1 necessary for evaluating both the deflections in each of the throws 2 in the correlation storage means 85. , 180 °, 270 °, and the corresponding measurement times t0, t90, t180, t270, are determined. Specify the measurement time t 0, t 9 0, t 18 0, t 27 0 and specify.

 When the transmission / reception means 62 of each laser light receiving means 18 receives the detection result transmission command, the control of the measurement processing control means 82 changes the detection data “t 0: ct 0” stored in the angle storage means 65. "T1: c¾1" "t2: a0" "t3: a0" ■ ■ · The specified measurement time t0, t90, t180, t2700 The transmission / reception means 62 reads out the detected data of each of the above “t 0: a 0”. “T 9 0: ct 9 0” “t 18 0: a 18 0” “t 27 0: a270J is transmitted to the measurement base station 16. The transmission and reception of the detection data is performed for each laser light receiving means 18.

In the measurement base station 16, the transmission / reception means 81 detects the detected data of each slow 2 “t 0: a 0” “t 9 0: a 9 0 j” “t 1 8 0: a 1 8 0” “t 2 7 0 : ct 27 0 ”, the deflection calculation means 86 controls the respective detection data“ t 0: a 0 ”“ t 9 0: a 9 0 ”“ t 1 Calculate the interval on the journal 3 side between the pair of arms 4 in each throw 2 based on “80: a180” and “t270: a270” Then, the deflection amount of the journal section 3 is sequentially calculated for each throw 2 based on the calculation result. Then, the operation result is stored in the deflection accumulation means 87.

 In this way, the detection data, which is the detection result, is separately received from the laser angle detector 15 for each of the throws 2 and the amount of deflection in the throw 2 is calculated. It is accumulated in the Deflection accumulation means 87. Then, after accumulating the deflection amounts of all the throws 2, if the input means 83 is monitored, the deflection quantity of each throw 2 stored in the deflection accumulating means 87 is monitored on the screen of the monitoring means 88 in a predetermined manner. It can be displayed in a format, and the amount of deflection can be monitored as needed.When transmitting the detection result transmission command, a specific identification code is attached to each laser type angle detection device 15 and transmitted. Then, for each throw 2, the laser type angle detector 15 can be specified and commanded. When transmitting the detection result transmission command, the measurement base station 16 may specify the detection data of the measurement time necessary for evaluating the amount of deflection, but all of the detection data stored in the angle storage means 65 Is transmitted to the measurement base station 16 side, and after being received by the measurement base station 16 side, the detection data at the measurement time corresponding to the required rotation angle is extracted, and the amount of deflection in the slow 2 is calculated. You may do it.

In each throw 2 of the crankshaft 1, if the journal portion 3 side between the pair of arm portions 4 is at a predetermined distance W as shown in FIG. 9 (A), the pin portion 5 and the journal portion 3 are generally parallel. And there is no deflection. However, when deflection occurs, the length of the pin portion 5 is constant, and the length of each pin portion 3 and the base side of each arm portion 4 fixed thereto are fixed. Because of the relationship, each arm 4 bends outward or inward as shown in Fig. 9 (B) or (C) between the pin 5 and the journal 3 side, which causes a deflection. As a result, the relative angle α between the journal portions 3 and the intervals W 1 and W 2 between the pair of arm portions 4 on the journal portion 3 side change.

 Therefore, as exemplified in this embodiment, of the laser oscillating means 17 and the laser receiving means 18 of the laser set angle detecting device 15, the laser-oscillating means is provided on the base side of one arm part 4. 17 is attached to the base side of the other arm 4, respectively, and the laser beam receiving means 18 is attached to the base, respectively, and the relative angle α of the journal 3 at a predetermined rotation angle is measured. The interval on the journal part 3 side between 4 is known, and the amount of deflection in each throw 2 can be obtained.

 Further, the laser set angle detecting device 15 includes a laser oscillating means 1 for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam, and a laser light receiving means 18 for receiving the laser light from the laser oscillating means 17. The laser receiving means 18 includes an optical path 46 for laser light provided therein, a pinhole 48 provided at one end of the optical path 46, and a pin provided at the other end of the optical path 46. Light receiving element 4 that receives laser light from hole 4 8 and converts it into an electric signal

9, the relative angle α of the journal 3 can be easily and reliably detected in a non-contact manner by using a single laser beam.

The laser type angle detector 15 has a laser oscillation unit 17 and a laser receiving unit 18 separately, one of which is provided on one arm 4 as a reference part and the other on the other arm which is a measurement part. 4 are detachably mounted via mounting means 20 and 21 respectively, so that the individual laser oscillation means〗 7 and the laser-light receiving means 18 can be downsized, and the handling thereof is easy and the laser Oscillating means 17 and laser receiving means 18 as reference part and measurement part It can be easily attached to

 In addition, since the light path 46 is provided in the dark room 47, the light is hardly affected by disturbance light and can be reliably detected. Also, since the size of the pinhole 48 is smaller than the diameter of the light beam of the laser beam, the laser-oscillating means 17 and the laser-receiving means 18 must be mounted within the range where the laser beam enters the pinhole 48. It is easy to mount it, and even if the angle of the detection target changes, such as the relative angle of the journal part 3 at each rotation angle, as long as one laser beam enters the pinhole 48. If so, the angle can be detected reliably. Furthermore, the angle calculating means 64 calculates the detection angle based on the distance m from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49 and the distance I from the reference position of the light receiving element 49 to the laser light receiving position. Therefore, the calculation of the detection can be easily performed as compared with the case where the angle is directly read from the light receiving position. Also, since one or a plurality of reflection mirrors 50 and 51 for reflecting the laser beam from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49 side in the optical path 46 are provided, The distance I of the optical path 46 can be increased without increasing the size of 18, and the detection accuracy is improved.

 Laser oscillation means 17 and laser light receiving means 18 are provided for each of the multiple throws 2 of the crankshaft 1, and the amount of deflection in each throw 2 is measured at the same time. Can be measured. In addition, since there are provided the deflection accumulation means 87 for accumulating the deflection amount in each throw 2 and the monitoring means 88 for monitoring the accumulation result, the deflection amount of each throw 2 can be monitored individually or simultaneously.

10 to 14 illustrate a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the laser angle detector 15 is connected to the laser oscillation means 17 and the laser A laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 that includes a light receiving means 18 and a reflecting means 91 that reflects the laser light from the laser oscillation means 17 in the opposite direction; In addition, a half mirror 92 for transmitting the laser light from the laser oscillation means 17 to the reflection means 91 and reflecting the reflected laser light from the reflection means 91 to the pinhole 48 side is provided. Have been. The laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 and the reflection means 91 are provided with mounting means 21 and 22 for detachably mounting one of them on a reference part and the other on a measurement part, respectively.

 As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the laser mono-oscillation light receiving unit 90 includes a case body 93 in which the interior is a dark room 47, and a laser oscillation step 17 is provided inside the case body 93. And the laser-light receiving means 18 are arranged. The case body 93 includes a pair of support frames 94, 95 arranged at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction, and an upper frame 96 connecting the upper and lower ends of the support frames 94, 95 back and forth. And a lower frame 97, and an inverted U-shaped cover 89 fitted externally from above to cover them and detachably fixed to the upper frame 96 and the lower frame 97. The mounting means 21 is attached to the lower side of the lower frame 97, and the antenna 53 is attached to the rear end of the upper frame 96 downward.

 The laser oscillating means 17 has a laser oscillator 26 arranged in the front-rear direction on the upper part in the case body 93, and the laser-oscillator 26 has a front side attached to the mounting portion 99 of the support body 98. Attached via the angle adjustment mechanism 100, and the laser is transmitted from the optical path hole 101 on the side of the support frame 94 to the reflection means 91 in front through the half mirror 92 fixed to the support 98. It oscillates light.

The support member 98 includes a mounting portion 99 provided on the rear side for the laser oscillator 26 and a mounting portion 1 for the mirror 111 provided on the front side of the mounting portion 99. 0 2 and the bulkhead 1 0 3 And a mounting portion 105 for the reflecting mirror 50 provided below the cylindrical portion 104, and a support frame on the front side. It is arranged vertically and fixed at the corners of the upper frame 94 and the upper frame 96.

 The angle adjusting mechanism 100 is provided with a receiving plate 106 fixed to the back of the mounting portion 99, an adjusting ring 107 fixed to the front side of the laser oscillator 26, and an adjusting ring 107. The fixing screw 10 '8 in the front-rear direction, which is passed through the hole from the back side and screwed to the mounting portion 99, and before and after screwing into the screw hole of the adjusting ring 107 and abutting on the receiving plate 106 Direction adjusting screw 109. There are at least three fixing screws 108 and adjusting screws 109 in the circumferential direction of the laser oscillator 26, and they are alternately arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

 This adjusting mechanism is operated by operating three adjusting screws 109 individually from the back side to adjust the angle of the laser oscillator 26 up, down, left and right, and then tightening the fixing screw 108 to re-laser oscillator. 2 6 is fixed to the mounting section 9 9.

 The mirror 81 transmits the laser beam from the laser oscillator 26 forward and reflects the reflected laser beam from the reflection means 91 downward to the optical axis of the laser oscillator 26. Approximately 4 5. It is attached to the mounting part 102 at an inclination angle of. Note that a laser light absorber 110 is mounted on the upper frame 96 side of the half mirror 92 so as to receive the laser light reflected upward by the half mirror 92.

The optical path hole 101 is formed in a rotatable member 111 mounted on the front support frame 94, and its size is approximately the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the laser beam. B member {1} is provided with a transparent and other light-receiving plate 59 having laser light transmitting property, which is mounted on the front surface so as to cover the optical path hole 101. The light is reflected by the half mirror 9 2 on the lower side. The laser beam reflected by the half mirror 92 enters the light receiving element 49 from the pinhole 48 via the reflecting mirror 50 in the optical path 46 in the dark room 47. ing. The reflecting mirror 50 is fixed to the mounting portion 105 at an inclination angle of about 45 °, almost parallel to the 81-milling mirror 92, and reflects the laser beam from the pinhole 48 backward. I'm going to let you. The light receiving element 49 is mounted on the substrate 60, and is attached to the support frame 95 on the rear side in the dark room 47.

 In the case main body 93, a control board 52 is vertically arranged on one side of the laser-oscillator 26 so as to straddle the upper frame 96 and the lower frame 97. On the opposite side to 2, a power storage unit 112 is provided in the cover 98.

 As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the reflecting means 91 includes a support frame 115 standing upright from the front of the mounting means 22 and an angle adjusting mechanism 111 on the upper side of the support frame 115. 6. It has a reflection mirror 118 mounted so that the angle can be adjusted via a mirror support plate 117. The reflection mirror 118 is a disk shape and is mounted on the mirror support plate 117.

 The angle adjustment mechanism 1 16 is interposed between the support frame 1 15 and the mirror support plate 1 17, and the spherical body 1 2 fixed to the support frame 1 15 by the central screw 1 19 0, a rotating body 1 21 that is rotatably fitted on the outer periphery of the spherical body 20 in an arbitrary direction, and the rotating body 1 21 fixed to the back side of the mirror support plate 1 7 Adjusting screw 1 which is hinged to the holding body 1 1 2 and the support frame 1 15 so as to be able to move back and forth in the front-rear direction, and abuts on the outer peripheral side of the holding body 1 1 2 from the side opposite to the reflective mirror 1 1 8 23 and a pole fitted into the recess of the support frame 115 and pressing the outer peripheral side of the presser 1 I 2 from the side opposite to the reflective mirror 111 by the panel pressure of the compression spring 114 And the like.

Adjustment screw 1 1 3, multiple pressing bodies〗 1 5 in the circumferential direction, adjustment screw 1 1 The pressing members 3 and the pressing members 115 are arranged on the opposite sides so as to be adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the angle adjusting mechanism 1 16 can be adjusted to any angle around the spherical body 1 I 0 by operating the knob 1 26 to move the adjusting screw 1 2 3 back and forth. The angle can be adjusted. The mirror support plate 117 is provided with a detachable mirror cover 127 that covers the reflection mirror 118. The mirror cover 117 may have a light transmitting property. The mounting means 21 and 22 are the same as in the first embodiment. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, various electronic components such as transmission / reception means 61, clocking means 63, angle calculation means 64, angle storage means 65, and angle detection control means 66 are provided on the control board 52. Is installed. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

 When measuring the deflection amount of each throw 2 of the crankshaft 1, one of the laser oscillation light receiving unit 90 and the reflecting means 91 of the laser complete angle detector 15 is connected to one arm 4. The other side is attached to the base side of the other arm part 4 on the base side of the other. Then, the laser beam from the laser oscillator 26 of the laser-oscillating means 17 is transmitted through the half mirror 92 to the reflecting means 91, and is reflected to the reflecting means 91. At 8, the laser beam is reflected in the opposite direction.

 Then, the reflected laser light is reflected by the half mirror 92 and refracted to the lower pinhole 48 side, and irradiates the light receiving element 49 from the pinhole 48 via the reflection mirror 50 in the dark room 47. If the journal section 3 has a relative angle, the laser light receiving position on the light receiving element 49 changes upward and downward in accordance with the angle, so that the relative angle is changed as in the first embodiment. It can detect and measure the amount of deflection for each throw 2.

FIGS. 16 to 19 illustrate a third embodiment of the present invention. To each pin part 5 When targeting the crankshaft 1 to which the connecting rod 130 is connected, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a laser beam of a parallel light beam is made substantially parallel to the axis of one of the journals 3. A laser oscillating means 17 oscillating to the connecting rod 13 0 side, and a laser beam from the laser oscillating means 17 is received by the light receiving element 49 via the pinhole 48 and a pair of journal portions. The laser receiving means 18 for detecting the relative angle of 3 is mounted on the journal 3 side of each arm 4, and the amount of deflection is measured while rotating the crankshaft 1 in a predetermined direction at a constant speed. At this time, the relative angle of the laser beam is detected by the laser beam receiving means 18 at predetermined time intervals t, based on the point in time when the laser beam is blocked by the connecting rod # 30.

 As shown in FIG. 18, the control substrate 52 of the laser receiving means〗 8 includes a time measuring means 63, an angle detection controlling means 66, a transmitting means 61, an angle calculating means 64, an angle storing means 65, etc. The measurement base station 16 has transmission / reception means 81, measurement processing control means 81, input means 83, allocating means 131, deflection calculation means 86, deflection accumulating means 87, monitoring means 8 8 etc. are provided.

 The angle detection control means 6 6 has a function of controlling the operation of each unit when a measurement start command is issued from the measurement base station〗 6, and an angle storage means 6 when a detection result transmission command is issued from the measurement base station 16. In addition to the function of reading the detection data of 5 and transmitting it to the transmission / reception means 62, it also determines whether or not the laser light is blocked by the connecting rod 130 after the measurement start command. Judgment is made, and at the time when the connecting rod 130 cuts off the laser beam incident on the light receiving element 49, the clocking means 63 resets the clocking time to the initial state and starts the clocking operation. .

The timing means 63 is reset to the initial state by the control of the angle detection control means 66 when the laser beam is shielded by the connecting rod 130, for example. Assuming that the link shaft 1 makes one rotation from time t0 to t60, the measurement times t0 and t are determined at predetermined time intervals t at which the angles of the journals 3 are to be detected as shown in FIG. 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ t 60 is measured, and the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■.

 The angle calculation means 64 is used for measuring the time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 t 6 0 at a predetermined time interval t when the time counting means 63 performs one rotation at time t 0 to t 60. Every time the command is issued, the distance signal m0, m1, m2, m 3 ■ ■ 'm SO is sampled, and each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ · is determined based on the distance m and the distance I from the pinhole 48 to the light receiving element 49. ■ The relative angle α 0, 1, a 1, a 3-of the journal section 3, which is the detection angle for each t 60, ■ ■ α 60 is determined by a predetermined arithmetic program (α = tan—'m / I). The calculation is performed, and processing is performed while the measurement is not possible while the laser beam is being shielded by the connecting rod 130.

 The angle storage means 65 stores the detection angles α 0, a 1, which are the calculation results of the angle calculation means 64 for each t 60, the measurement times t O, t 1, t 2, t 3 of the time counting means 63. , α 2, α 3 ■ ■ · Stores α 60, each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3-■ ■ t 60 and each detection angle α 0, a 1, 2, a 3 ■ ■ ■ Angle detection data corresponding to α60 “t0: α0” “t1: hi1” “t2: a2” “t3: a3” ■ ■ ■ “ t 60: a 60 ”and memorize as impossible to measure while the laser beam is blocked by the connecting rod 130.

The input means 83 of the measurement base station 16 is used for the crankshaft 1 based on the conditions of the crankshaft 1 to be measured, the measurement start command, the measurement result transmission command, the monitoring command, etc., and the design drawings of the diesel engine. Calculate the light-blocking angle at the time of laser-light blocking by the connecting rod 130 during the rotation of the shaft 1 by〗. Is designed to be input.

 The allocating means 131 transmits the laser beam by the connecting rod〗 30 based on the detection data transmitted from the laser receiving means 18 based on the detection result transmission command and the shading angle input by the input means 83. Calculate the time t 0 to t 60 required for one rotation of throw 2 from the light shielding time t 0 to the next light shielding time t 0 (= t 60) .For example, if the light shielding angle is 20 °, measure the measurement time t 0. Assuming the rotation angle ス ロ ー 20, the rotation angle of the throw 2 with respect to each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3... T 60 0 Θ 20, Θ 26, Θ 32, Θ 38 ■ ■ ■ This is for attaching the parts.

 The deflection calculation means 86 detects the detection data transmitted from the laser receiving means 18 based on the detection result transmission command and the rotation angles Θ 20, Θ 26, Θ 32 allocated by the allocating means 13 1. , Θ 38 ·. · Θ 20, and each rotation angle of throw 2 Θ 20, Θ 26, Θ 32, Θ 3 8 ■ ■ ■ Journal part between a pair of arm parts 4 at Θ 20 Calculate the distance on the 3 side, calculate the amount of deflection in the slow 2 from the distance between the arms 4, and interpolate the amount of deflection during that time based on the change in the detected data before and after the unmeasurable light-shielded section. I do.

 The other configurations such as the laser oscillating means 17, the laser-light receiving means 18, and the measurement base station 6 are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment.

In this case, after the crankshaft 1 is rotated at a constant speed, a measurement start command is wirelessly transmitted from the measurement base station 16 to the laser-type angle detection device 15 of each throw 2. 15 The transmitting and receiving means 62 of the laser receiving means 18 of 18 receives the measurement start command, and the angle detection control means 66 resets the timing means 63 to the initial state at the time when the connecting rod〗 30 blocks the laser light, The clocking means 63 starts the clocking operation and indicates the clocking times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3---t 60. The measuring means 63 measures time t 0, t〗, t 2, t 3 at a predetermined time interval t.

■ ■ ■ Every time t 60 is specified, the angle calculation means 64 is the distance from the laser receiving means 18 to the distance m 0, m 1, m 2, m 3-■-m 6 according to the light receiving position at that time. 0 is sampled sequentially and each measurement time t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■

■ ■ The relative angles α 0, 1, a 2, 3 of the journal portions 3 at t 60 are calculated. Α ■ 60 is calculated, and the angle storage means 65 measures the measurement times t 0, t 1, t 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ Detection data “t O: a O” “t 1: a 1” “t 2” corresponding to t 60 and relative angles a 0, 1, a 2, a 3-■-a 60 : ce 0 ”“ t 3: a 0 ”· ■ ■ Stored as“ t 60: ct 60 ”.

 In this case, the measurement time within the light-shielding range X from the light-shielding angle of 20 ° at the time of light-shielding by the connecting rod 130 until the light-shielding state is released after the connecting rod 130 passes, ct O, 1, ct At 60, since the light receiving element 49 does not receive the laser beam, the angles ct 0, a 1, 60 corresponding to the measurement times a 0, a 1, 60 are processed as unmeasurable.

 When the detection of the relative angle of the journal section 3 in each throw 2 is completed, the detection result is transmitted to the laser receiving means 18 from the measuring processing control means 82 of the measuring base station 16 via the transmitting / receiving means 62. Sends the command and the detection data transmitted for each throw 2 "tO: aO" "t1: a1" "t2: ci0" "t3: a0" ■ ■ · “t60: a 60 ”is received and stored by the measurement base station 16 side.

Then, on the measurement base station 16 side, the deflection calculation processing is started in consideration of the light shielding angle 20 ° input by the input means 83. For example, when the light shielding angle is 20 °, the allocation means 13 1 detects the detection data “t 0: a 0” “t 1: ct 1” “t 2: a 0” “t 3: a O” − -'Based on “t 60: a 60” and the light-shielding angle of 20 °, the time required for one rotation of slow 2 from the point at which laser light is shielded by connecting rod 130 to the point at which the next light-shield is performed T 0, t 0, t 1, 2, t 3 ■ ■ ■ t 60 and rotation angles Θ 20, θ 26, Θ 32, Θ 38-■ Θ 20 Is assigned. In this case, assuming that Throw 2 makes one rotation from time t0 to t60 (= 60 seconds), the rotation angle at each measurement time is 6 degrees, so the rotation angle at the start of shading is 2 If it is 0 °, it is good to add 10 ° in 6 ° increments.

 Next, the deflection calculating means 86 sets each detected data "se 0: a0" "t1: α1" "t2: a0" "t3: ct0" '--"t600: a600" , And the rotation angles で 20, Θ 26, 〇 32, Θ 3 8 ■ ■ 8 割 り 20 assigned to the rotation means 3 20 by the allocating means 13 1.距離 26, Θ 32, Θ 38-· Calculate the distance on the journal 3 side between the pair of arms 4 at 0 20, and from the distance between the arms 4 the deflection at the throw 2 Calculate the quantity.

 In general, the amount of deflection does not fluctuate sharply, and the light-shielding range X in which the connecting rod 130 blocks light is small within one rotation. Based on the detected data change tendency, the amount of deflection during that period is interpolated.

 The measurement base station 16 calculates the defraction amount for each throw 2 and accumulates and stores the deflection amount by the deflection accumulating means 87 each time the specific slow 2 calculation process is completed. Monitoring is carried out by monitoring means 8 according to the requirements.

In the case of this embodiment, since communication with the base station 16 is not required during the detection of the angle by each laser-type angle detector 15, the crankshaft 1 is placed in a shielded casing. Even if wireless communication is difficult, the relative angle of the journal section 3 of each slot 2 can be detected. Also, the rotation angle detecting means 13 for detecting the rotation angle of the crank shaft 1 is not required, and Can be simplified.

 FIG. 20 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a plurality of throws 2 of the crankshaft 1 are provided with a laser type angle detecting device 15 for detecting the relative angle of each journal portion 3.

 The throw 2 is provided with mounting recesses 1 3 5 and 1 3 6 that are open on opposite sides on the journal 3 side of the pair of arms 4, and laser oscillation occurs in one of the mounting recesses 1 3 5 The means 17 has laser light receiving means 18 removably fixed in the other mounting recessed part 13 36 respectively. The laser oscillation means 17 and the laser receiving means 18 have substantially the same optical axis. Each of the mounting recesses 1 3 5 and 1 3 6 is sealed by a sealing lid 1 3 7 and 1 3 8 detachably mounted on the opening side, and detects the relative angle of the journal 3. In this case, remove the closed lids 13 7 and 13 8.

 In this case, since there is a laser type angle detector 15 on the crankshaft 1 side, when measuring the deflection amount, there is no need to mount the laser type angle detector 15 on the crankshaft 1 side, and the measurement is easy. Work can be started. In addition, since laser oscillation means〗 7 and laser light receiving means〗 8 are arranged in a closed room, measurement becomes impossible due to lubricating oil etc. in the case, despite measurement using laser light. Nor.

 The laser-type angle detecting device 15 is suitably the laser-oscillating means 17 and the laser-receiving means 18 illustrated in the first embodiment, but the laser-type angle detecting apparatus 15 is the one illustrated in the second embodiment. May be used, or other structures and types may be used. Further, the laser type angle detector 15 may be mounted at another position with another structure, such as mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the arm 4 opposite to the pin 5.

As described above, each embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to each embodiment, and can be implemented in various other modes. . For example, in the embodiment, the laser type angle detection device 15 is used for detecting the angle of the journal portion 3. However, if the relative angle between the reference portion and the measurement portion is detected, the laser type angle detection device 15 may be used for other purposes. You can also. It is also possible to use a light-receiving element 49 having a spread in the vertical and horizontal directions, etc. In this case, it is possible to detect the angle in two directions in addition to the angle in one direction. The magnet type is convenient for attaching and detaching the laser-oscillating means 17 and the laser receiving means 18 to the reference part and the measuring part, but the clamp type, screw type, and other mounting types May be used. It is desirable to arrange a reflection mirror, light-receiving element 49, etc. in the dark room 47 on the side of the laser one light receiving means 18 side, but when using it in a place that is not easily affected by disturbance light, etc., it is necessary to use a dark room. There is no need to arrange a reflection mirror, light-receiving element 49, etc. in 47.Furthermore, if the laser type angle detector 15 used for measuring the deflection amount of the throw 2 of the crank shaft 1 Other than those exemplified in the form may be used. When measuring the deflection of a plurality of throws 2, the angle of each throw 2 may be detected simultaneously or individually.

 In the embodiment, the laser type angle detection device 15 of each throw 2 and the measurement base station 16 are connected by wireless communication using radio waves, but a communication method other than radio waves may be used. In the case where wireless communication is performed between the laser-based angle detection device 15 inside and outside the casing and the measurement base station 16 by radio waves, a relay base may be provided therebetween.

In the third embodiment, the relative angle is detected by the laser receiving means 18 at predetermined time intervals t based on the time when the laser beam is blocked by the connecting rod 130. Shielding of laser beam by connecting rod 130 The cancellation time may be used as a reference. In addition to the relative angle being detected by the laser light receiving means 18 every predetermined time, the angle may be detected every predetermined rotation angle. In this case, the amount of deflection at each predetermined angle may be obtained in combination with the angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the crankshaft 1. Industrial applicability

 As described above, the laser-type angle detection device, the crankshaft deflection measurement device, the crankshaft deflection measurement method, and the crankshaft according to the present invention can be used, for example, by turning a crankshaft of a large marine diesel engine or the like. In addition, it is especially useful when grinding, incorporating the crankshaft into the casing of a diesel engine, or periodically inspecting a diesel engine mounted on a ship.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. a laser oscillating means (17) for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam ^; and _s ^; a laser receiving means (18) for receiving a laser beam from the laser oscillating means (17) ^; The laser receiving means (18) is provided with an optical path (46) of the laser light provided therein, a pinhole (48) provided at one end of the optical path (46), and another part of the optical path (46). A light-receiving element (49) provided on an end side and receiving the laser beam from the pinhole (48) and converting the laser beam into an electric signal.

2. The laser type angle detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path (46) is provided in a dark room (47).

3. The laser type angle detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the size of the pinhole (48) is smaller than the diameter of the light beam of the laser beam.

 4. The laser mono-oscillation means (17) and the laser light receiving means (18) are provided separately, and one of them is detachably attached to a reference part and the other is detachably attached to a measurement part. 21. The laser complete angle detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising (22).

5. A laser oscillation light receiving unit (90) including the laser oscillation means (17) and the laser light receiving means (18); and a laser beam emitted from the laser oscillation means (17) in a reverse direction. A reflecting means (91) for reflecting light is provided separately, and the laser beam from the laser oscillating means (17) is directed to the laser oscillating light receiving unit (90) toward the reflecting means (91). The transmitted laser beam reflected by the reflecting means (91) is reflected by the pinhole (48). The laser type angle detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an eighty-first mirror (92) for reflecting the light to the side.

6. Attachment means (21) (22) for detachably attaching one of the laser oscillation light receiving unit (90) and the reflection means (91) to a reference part and the other to a measurement part, respectively. 6. The laser complete angle detecting device according to claim 5, comprising:

 7. Based on the distance (I) from the pinhole (48) to the light receiving element (49) and the distance (m) from the reference position of the light receiving element (49) to the laser-light receiving position. The laser type angle detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an angle calculating means (64) for calculating the detected angle by using the angle calculating means.

 8. One or a plurality of reflection mirrors for reflecting one laser beam from the pinhole (48) toward the light receiving element (49) in the optical path (46).

(50) The laser complete angle detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising (51).

9. In a crankshaft deflection measuring device for measuring the amount of deflection at each predetermined rotation angle of the crankshaft (1), the crankshaft (1) is mounted on the journal (3) side of a pair of arms (4) and parallel to each other. A laser oscillating means (17) for oscillating a laser beam of light substantially parallel to the axis of one of the journals (3), and the journal (3) of the arm (4) And the laser beam from the laser oscillation means (17) is received by a light receiving element (49) through a pinhole (48) to determine the relative angle between the two journal sections (3). A laser receiving means for detecting (18); and a deflection calculating the deflection amount based on the relative angle detected by the laser receiving means for each predetermined rotation angle (18). And a crank calculation means (86).

 10. A laser set angle detector (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used as the laser oscillation means (17) and the laser light receiving means (18). 10. The crank axis deflection measurement apparatus according to claim 9, wherein:

 1 1. Each of the plurality of throws (2) of the crankshaft (1) is provided with the laser-oscillating means (17) and the laser receiving means (18).

Claim 9 or 10 characterized by comprising a deflection accumulating means (87) for accumulating the deflection amount in (2) and a monitoring means (88) for monitoring the accumulation result. 13. The crankshaft deflection measurement device according to claim 1.

 1 2. A laser oscillating means (〗 7) for oscillating a laser beam of a parallel light beam to the connecting rod (1 30) side substantially in parallel with the axis of one of the journals (3); The laser beam from (17) passes through the pinhole (48) and is received by the light receiving element (49) to detect the relative angle between the pair of journals (3). The arm (4) is mounted on the journal (3) side, and when measuring the amount of deflection while rotating the crankshaft (1), when the laser beam is blocked by the connecting rod (130) Or the relative angle is detected by the laser light receiving means (18) at predetermined time intervals or at predetermined rotation angles based on the time point at which the laser beam is released from the light blocking by the connecting rod (130). How to measure the deflection of the crankshaft.

1 3. The laser-type angle detecting device (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as the laser-oscillating means (17) and the laser-receiving means (18). Use according to claim 12 characterized by the use How to measure the deflection of the crankshaft.

 1 4. A plurality of the throws (2) of the crankshaft (1) are provided with the laser-oscillating means (17) and the laser receiving means (18), respectively. The method for measuring deflection of a crankshaft according to claim 12, wherein the amount of deflection is measured.

 15. The method for measuring deflection of a crankshaft according to claim 14, wherein the amount of deflection in each of the plurality of throws (2) is monitored at a time.

 1 6. A crankshaft characterized in that each of a plurality of throws (2) is provided with the laser complete angle detecting device (15) according to any one of claims (1) to (8).