WO2004009734A1 - The mode of raw materials processing - Google Patents
The mode of raw materials processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004009734A1 WO2004009734A1 PCT/KZ2003/000003 KZ0300003W WO2004009734A1 WO 2004009734 A1 WO2004009734 A1 WO 2004009734A1 KZ 0300003 W KZ0300003 W KZ 0300003W WO 2004009734 A1 WO2004009734 A1 WO 2004009734A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- superhigh
- mode
- mass
- raw material
- molecule
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G15/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs
- C10G15/08—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs by electric means or by electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations
Definitions
- the invention concerns to raw materials processing by superhigh-frequency affect on it for initial raw materials structure decomposition and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, food and other industries.
- Imperfection of the indicated mode is the necessity of the process realisation at high temperature - 1400-1600 K. Besides the given mode allows receiving the only mixture of ethylene, acetylene and propylene and does not ensure receiving each of indicated substances separately.
- the deriving mode of ethylene and lowest olefinic hydrocarbons by pyrolysis of raw hydrocarbon material with impulse discharges is known.
- the process is carried out in low-frequency impulse discharges region with sparkover voltage 70-75 kN and frequency 50-130 Hz using raw hydrocarbon material in a gas phase.
- Pyrolysis is carried out at the temperature about 800-840°C (patent of Russian Federation #2086605, cl. C 10 G 15/08, 1997).
- Imperfection of the given mode is the necessity of the process realisation at high temperature. Besides, this mode does not allow receiving of the intended mass product. It narrows down technological possibilities of the mode.
- Initial raw material is treated with ⁇ -rays or fast neutrons stream and the product of action undergoes catalytic cracking (patent of Russian Federation #2100404, cl. CIO G 15/10, 1997).
- the additional processing necessity for initial raw material after action on it with ionising radiation complicates the mode.
- the impossibility of the intended structure product receiving by the only electromagnetic action narrows down technological possibilities of the mode.
- the mode of raw material processing including decomposition of initial raw material into fractions by superhigh-frequency energy is known, herewith raw hydrocarbon material heat up to temperature 410-510°C and viscosity breaking is fulfilled by superhigh-frequency energy and under pressure up to 3 MPa (patent of Russian Federation #2054449, cl. CIO G 15/08..1996).
- the process fulfilment at high pressure and heating complicates the mode and requires significant power inputs. Besides the given mode does not allow to receive the intended structure product, that narrows down its technological possibilities.
- the invention problem is the development of raw materials processing mode permitting to change a structure of initial raw material via its decomposition into fractions.
- the molecule stiffness coefficient - k - is determined experimentally or calculated.
- the processing of raw material by the superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length selecting for each of fractions or intended substance according to the offered formula ensures selection only of defined fraction or preset substance or decomposition of intended mass molecules.
- Example 1 For selection of benzine from petroleum fraction by decomposition of initial raw material by superhigh-frequency action using known units the resonance wave length determine as follows.
- the molecular weight of benzine is 95-130 (Sukhanov N.P. Processing of petroleum - M.: Higher school, 1974, p.16).
- weight 100.
- atomic weight unit mass value 1,66T0 "27 kg. (Kireev N.A. Brief course of physical chemistry - M.: Chemistry, 1969, p.604).
- Resonance wave length for benzine will be equal:
- magnetron SAMSUNG OM 75 P (31) 1 kW is used. It is used 1 kg of petroleum, action carried out at atmospheric pressure within 5 minutes at the temperature 20°C with oscillations frequency 245 MHz, wave length is 1,22 m and radiation power is 1 kW. The benzine output is up to 40%.
- the molecular weight of diesel fuel is 210-240, that is twice more, than for benzine. Therefore benzine can be received also from diesel fuel, breaking a molecule of diesel fuel into halves. From 1 kg of diesel fuel at the same conditions 1 kg of benzine is received.
- the molecular weight of kerosene is 185-220. For account we shall accept a kerosene molecular weight equal 200.
- Knowing resonance wave length for kerosene it can be selected from petroleum or hydrocarbon with a molecular weight, twice large, than for kerosene, for example, from black oil (mazut).
- the offered mode is characterised by simplicity of a realisation, does not require preliminary heat of initial raw material and significant power inputs.
- known units - magnetrons, klystrons for example, magnetrons: LG 2M226 160GP (519F), SAMSUNG OM 75P (31) 1 kW, SAMSUNG OM 75 S (10), SAMSUNG OM 75 S (21), SAMSUNG OM 75 S (31), SAMSUNG OM 75 S (62), SANYO 2M218 H (R) are used.
- the offered mode ensures a possibility of transformation low-grade benzines into high-grade high-octane benzines or aromatic hudrocarbons via decomposition of hydrocarbon circuits following selection of free radicals, which interact with stable molecules, that is accompanied by the isomerization and cyclization processes.
- the covalent bond between atoms A and B can be break by superhigh- frequency action so that the electronic pair is divided between atoms A and B, the particles containing A and B receive one electron each and become free radicals, which interact with molecules.
- Setting wave length of superhigh-frequency action it is possible to break bond between atoms of initial raw material with receiving of radicals of required structure for consequent their association to molecules.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns to raw materials processing by superhigh-frequency affect on it for initial raw materials structure decomposition and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, food and other industries. The mode simplification, extension of its technological possibilities, expansion of obtained fractions range and guarantee of the intended structure fraction separation or obtaining of substance with intended molecular mass and chemical structure - is achieved by that in a mode of raw material processing including decomposition of initial raw material using superhigh frequency energy, according to the invention, a fraction of defined molecular mass is selected or substance with the intended molecular mass and chemical structure is received via decomposition of initial raw material by superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length, which determined according to the formula: (I), where: λ - wave length, m:, π = 3,14; c - light velocity , m/s; m - mass of a selected fraction molecule or of obtained substance; or 1/2 of decomposed molecule mass, kg; k - molecule stiffness coefficient, N/m.
Description
MODE OF RAW MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNICAL FIELD The invention concerns to raw materials processing by superhigh-frequency affect on it for initial raw materials structure decomposition and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, food and other industries.
BACKGROUND ART The deriving mode of ethylene, propylene and acetylene by the raw hydrocarbonaceous material pyrolysis in hydrogen plasma stream at 1400 1600 K and time of contact 0,7T0"4-2,0-10"4 s is known, herewith the process is carried out in turbulizing plasma stream with Reynolds number 5T0 -3T0 and temperature gradients in reaction region are not higher than 200 degree per mm (preliminary patent KR #5023, cl. C 10 G 15/12, 1997).
Imperfection of the indicated mode is the necessity of the process realisation at high temperature - 1400-1600 K. Besides the given mode allows receiving the only mixture of ethylene, acetylene and propylene and does not ensure receiving each of indicated substances separately.
The deriving mode of ethylene and lowest olefinic hydrocarbons by pyrolysis of raw hydrocarbon material with impulse discharges is known. The process is carried out in low-frequency impulse discharges region with sparkover voltage 70-75 kN and frequency 50-130 Hz using raw hydrocarbon material in a gas phase. Pyrolysis is carried out at the temperature about 800-840°C (patent of Russian Federation #2086605, cl. C 10 G 15/08, 1997).
Imperfection of the given mode is the necessity of the process realisation at high temperature. Besides, this mode does not allow receiving of the intended mass product. It narrows down technological possibilities of the mode.
The mode of petroleum and petroleum products processing by action on them ionising radiation with consequent processing of action product is known.
Initial raw material is treated with γ-rays or fast neutrons stream and the product of action undergoes catalytic cracking (patent of Russian Federation #2100404, cl. CIO G 15/10, 1997).
The additional processing necessity for initial raw material after action on it with ionising radiation complicates the mode. The impossibility of the intended structure product receiving by the only electromagnetic action narrows down technological possibilities of the mode. The mode of raw material processing, including decomposition of initial raw material into fractions by superhigh-frequency energy is known, herewith raw hydrocarbon material heat up to temperature 410-510°C and viscosity breaking is fulfilled by superhigh-frequency energy and under pressure up to 3 MPa (patent of Russian Federation #2054449, cl. CIO G 15/08..1996). The process fulfilment at high pressure and heating complicates the mode and requires significant power inputs. Besides the given mode does not allow to receive the intended structure product, that narrows down its technological possibilities.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION The invention problem is the development of raw materials processing mode permitting to change a structure of initial raw material via its decomposition into fractions.
Technical result - the mode simplification, extension of its technological possibilities, expansion of obtained fractions range and guarantee of the intended structure fraction separation or obtaining of substance with intended molecular mass and chemical structure - is achieved by that in a mode of raw material processing including decomposition of initial raw material using superhigh- frequency energy, according to the invention, a fraction of defined molecular mass is selected or substance with the intended molecular mass and chemical structure is received via decomposition of initial raw material by superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length, which determined according to the formula:
λ = where:
λ - wave length, m; π = 3,14;
c - light velocity, mis; m - mass of a selected fraction molecule or of obtained substance; or 1/2 of decomposed molecule mass, kg; k - molecule stiffness coefficient, N/m. The molecule stiffness coefficient - k - is determined experimentally or calculated.
For hydrocarbons and hydrogen the value of this coefficient is 39,57-10" N/m.
The processing of raw material by the superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length selecting for each of fractions or intended substance according to the offered formula, ensures selection only of defined fraction or preset substance or decomposition of intended mass molecules.
It is known, that during cracking of high molecular weight paraffin the break takes place in the molecule middle part (Sukhanov V.P. Processing of petroleum - M.: Higher school, 1974, p. 110).
It is known also, that during disintegration of paraffins the dehydrogenation - break of bonds C-H - takes place. Here break energy of bond C-C smaller than C-H (Paushkin A.M., Adelson S.V., Vishnyakova T.P. Technology of petrochemical synthesis - M.: Chemistry, 1973, p.27). Therefore, regulating power of superhigh-frequency action it is possible to operate the process of initial raw material decomposition. Acting, for example, on hydrocarbons by superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length and low power, ensures a break of bonds C-C. Using high power of superhigh-frequency action of resonance wave length ensures a break of bond C-H. From here follows, that, knowing, for example, molecular weight of a paraffin, it is possible to receive hydrocarbon, which weight will be twice less. It is possible also beforehand to select weight of the necessary fraction and to calculate wave length for superhigh-frequency action, when this fraction will be selected.
THE MODES FOR CARRLNG OUT THE INVENTION Mode is realised as follows.
Example 1. For selection of benzine from petroleum fraction by decomposition of initial raw material by superhigh-frequency action using known units the resonance wave length determine as follows.
The molecular weight of benzine is 95-130 (Sukhanov N.P. Processing of petroleum - M.: Higher school, 1974, p.16).
For account we shall take weight equal 100. To express the given weight in kilograms, it is necessary to use an atomic weight unit mass value equal 1,66T0"27 kg. (Kireev N.A. Brief course of physical chemistry - M.: Chemistry, 1969, p.604).
Resonance wave length for benzine will be equal:
= 3 0s / 6,28 - A/0,4195 - l(T1V = 3 - 108 m/s - 6,2S ■ 0,6477 - Kr9s = 1,22m
Thus, acting petroleum by superhigh-frequency electromagnetic oscillations with wave length equal 1,22 m, it is possible to select from it benzine fraction.
For this purpose magnetron SAMSUNG OM 75 P (31) 1 kW is used. It is used 1 kg of petroleum, action carried out at atmospheric pressure within 5 minutes at the temperature 20°C with oscillations frequency 245 MHz, wave length is 1,22 m and radiation power is 1 kW. The benzine output is up to 40%.
The molecular weight of diesel fuel is 210-240, that is twice more, than for benzine. Therefore benzine can be received also from diesel fuel, breaking a molecule of diesel fuel into halves. From 1 kg of diesel fuel at the same conditions 1 kg of benzine is received.
Example 2. Resonance wave length for kerosene will be following.
The molecular weight of kerosene is 185-220. For account we shall accept a kerosene molecular weight equal 200.
= 3 ■ 108 m/s ■ 6,28 •
• 108 m/s ■ 6,28 • 0,016 • 10~9 s = 1,73m
Knowing resonance wave length for kerosene, it can be selected from petroleum or hydrocarbon with a molecular weight, twice large, than for kerosene, for example, from black oil (mazut).
For kerosene selection from black oil (mazut) 1 kg of black oil (mazut) is talcen, action is carried out within 10 minutes at atmospheric pressure, frequency of oscillations is equal 173 MHz, wave length is 1,73 m, radiation power is 800 W. Magnetron SAMSUNG OM 75P (31) 1 kW is used.
Example 3. Resonance wave length for decomposition of water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen will be as follows.
λ = c2π I— = 3 - 108 M/S - 2 - 3,14 - V0/7551 - 10-1V =
- 3 - 108 m/s • 6,28 • 0,275 - 10~9s = 0,518 iw Using the offered mode it is possible to receive ecologically pure fuel consisting of hydrogen and oxygen.
For decomposition 1 kg of water into hydrogen and oxygen, action with oscillations frequency equal to 600 MHz is carried out, wave length 0,518 m and radiation power 1,2 kW at the temperature 100°C, pressure 105 Pa during 2 minutes. For it magnetron PHILIPS 7292 is used. As a result of action there was a full decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The offered mode is characterised by simplicity of a realisation, does not require preliminary heat of initial raw material and significant power inputs. For superhigh-frequency action known units - magnetrons, klystrons, for example, magnetrons: LG 2M226 160GP (519F), SAMSUNG OM 75P (31) 1 kW, SAMSUNG OM 75 S (10), SAMSUNG OM 75 S (21), SAMSUNG OM 75
S (31), SAMSUNG OM 75 S (62), SANYO 2M218 H (R) are used.
It is possible to use the offered mode in any industry branch and to receive any substance, which is selected via decomposition of more complicated substance. Here receiving gaseous substances, for example, ethylene, acetylene, without heating initial raw material is possible.
Selecting resonance wave length it is possible to break not only bonds C-C and C-H in hydrocarbons molecules, but also any other bonds between atoms.
The offered mode ensures a possibility of transformation low-grade benzines into high-grade high-octane benzines or aromatic hudrocarbons via decomposition of hydrocarbon circuits following selection of free radicals, which interact with stable molecules, that is accompanied by the isomerization and cyclization processes.
The majority of organic reactions happens between molecules, between molecules and ions or between molecules and free radicals. The covalent bond between atoms A and B can be break by superhigh- frequency action so that the electronic pair is divided between atoms A and B, the particles containing A and B receive one electron each and become free radicals, which interact with molecules. Setting wave length of superhigh-frequency action it is possible to break bond between atoms of initial raw material with receiving of radicals of required structure for consequent their association to molecules.
In this way, it is possible to receive isooctane and other valuable fuel, and also to synthesise any substance of the intended mass and chemical structure.
Claims
CLAIMS Mode of raw materials processing, including initial raw material decomposition by superhigh frequency energy action distinguished by that intended molecular mass fraction or substance with intended moleculai- mass and chemical structure are received via decomposition of initial raw material by superhigh-frequency action with resonance wave length, which is calculated according to the formula:
, where:
λ - wave length, m; π = 3,14; c — light velocity, mis; m — mass of a selected fraction molecule or of obtained substance; or 1/2 of decomposed molecule mass, kg; k - molecule stiffness coefficient, N/m. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003253491A AU2003253491A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-07-21 | The mode of raw materials processing |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KZ2002/0977.1 | 2002-07-24 | ||
| KZ20020977 | 2002-07-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004009734A1 true WO2004009734A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| WO2004009734A9 WO2004009734A9 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KZ2003/000003 WO2004009734A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-07-21 | The mode of raw materials processing |
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| Country | Link |
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| AU (1) | AU2003253491A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004009734A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3843457A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1974-10-22 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Microwave pyrolysis of wastes |
| US4118282A (en) * | 1977-08-15 | 1978-10-03 | Wallace Energy Conversion, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the destructive distillation of high molecular weight organic materials |
| US4279722A (en) * | 1978-10-24 | 1981-07-21 | Kirkbride Chalmer G | Use of microwaves in petroleum refinery operations |
| US5015349A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1991-05-14 | University Of Connecticut | Low power density microwave discharge plasma excitation energy induced chemical reactions |
| RU2054449C1 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1996-02-20 | Ярославский областной фонд содействия изобретательской и рационализаторской деятельности | Crude oil reprocessing method |
| US6184427B1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2001-02-06 | Invitri, Inc. | Process and reactor for microwave cracking of plastic materials |
-
2003
- 2003-07-21 AU AU2003253491A patent/AU2003253491A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-21 WO PCT/KZ2003/000003 patent/WO2004009734A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3843457A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1974-10-22 | Occidental Petroleum Corp | Microwave pyrolysis of wastes |
| US4118282A (en) * | 1977-08-15 | 1978-10-03 | Wallace Energy Conversion, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the destructive distillation of high molecular weight organic materials |
| US4279722A (en) * | 1978-10-24 | 1981-07-21 | Kirkbride Chalmer G | Use of microwaves in petroleum refinery operations |
| US5015349A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1991-05-14 | University Of Connecticut | Low power density microwave discharge plasma excitation energy induced chemical reactions |
| RU2054449C1 (en) * | 1993-06-01 | 1996-02-20 | Ярославский областной фонд содействия изобретательской и рационализаторской деятельности | Crude oil reprocessing method |
| US6184427B1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2001-02-06 | Invitri, Inc. | Process and reactor for microwave cracking of plastic materials |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1996-463117, XP002257474, "raw petroleum material processing" * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003253491A8 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
| AU2003253491A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
| WO2004009734A9 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
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