WO2004008040A1 - Improvements in and relating to heaters - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to heaters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004008040A1 WO2004008040A1 PCT/GB2003/002877 GB0302877W WO2004008040A1 WO 2004008040 A1 WO2004008040 A1 WO 2004008040A1 GB 0302877 W GB0302877 W GB 0302877W WO 2004008040 A1 WO2004008040 A1 WO 2004008040A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heater
- heating element
- heat transfer
- transfer medium
- compartment
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/0226—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with an intermediate heat-transfer medium, e.g. thermosiphon radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
- F24H3/004—Air heaters using electric energy supply with a closed circuit for a heat transfer liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved heater and to a method of manufacturing the same.
- Heaters that include an electrical heating
- the heating element as their heat source are commonplace.
- the heating element is screwed into a boss at one side of the heater and extends into a compartment that contains oil for transferring heat through the heater.
- the compartment may be partially evacuated and contain a small amount of working fluid, such as water, whereby the working fluid is heated by means of the heat that is transferred from the heating element.
- the working fluid is always in its liquid phrase around the heating element but turns to vapour further up the compartment as it is heated.
- rapid heating of the fluid by the heating element can cause kettling to occur in the system. Kettling is undesirable because it is extremely noisy.
- a further aim of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing an improved heater that retards kettling.
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a heater comprising a sealed enclosure containing a heating element, the enclosure containing a heat transfer fluid characterised in that the heating element is surrounded by a confined heat transfer medium.
- the confined heat transfer medium increases the area of heat transfer from the element to the fluid thereby retarding kettling.
- the heat transfer medium should have pores or perforations to allow fluid to pass therethrough whilst acting as a damper to aid dissipation of heat from the heating element.
- the heat transfer medium is a fibrous material, such as a metal wool. More preferably, the heat transfer medium is wire wool of non-corrosive metal, such as, for example, of stainless steel.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a heater that retards kettling, the method comprising attaching a confined heat transfer medium to a first part of an enclosure unit, attaching a second part of the enclosure unit to said first part to form a sealed enclosure around said transfer medium, creating a bore through said confined heat transfer medium and inserting a heating element through said bore.
- the second part is pressed onto the first part of the enclosure.
- the confined heat transfer medium is compressed or compacted either before or during its installation in the heater.
- the heat transfer medium is preferably provided across a lower part of the enclosure unit corresponding in position to the location of the heating element.
- the heating element is in the form of a cartridge.
- the bore is preferable for the bore to be created through the compacted heat transfer medium by insertion of the heating element therethrough.
- a cartridge having a tapered or pointed end may be inserted through the compacted medium to create the bore.
- the heater comprises a partially evacuated unit containing an amount of working fluid, the unit having means for evacuation thereof.
- the working fluid is water and is provided in an amount such that the heating element and heat transfer medium are always immersed in liquid.
- the working fluid may be vapour elsewhere in the enclosure.
- the confined heat transfer medium may be contained within a compartment that covers the heating element.
- the compartment may be in the form of a sleeve, more preferably a tubular sleeve.
- one end of the sleeve is attachable to a boss of the heater to which the heating element
- the compartment may be single or multiple walled.
- a twin-walled sleeve may be useful in the present invention.
- the compartment may be provided with fins.
- the fins may be attached
- the invention further provides a heating element in the form of a cartridge comprising an inner space defining component and an outer space defining component surrounding the inner component.
- the inner space defining component may comprise a pair of spaced rings connected by rods to provide a space to receive a heating element.
- the outer component may comprise a pair of spaced rings connected by bars to provide a space to receive the heat transfer medium.
- the outer component may alternatively be a cylinder that is perforated or formed with apertures.
- a wire wool heat transfer medium such as of stainless steel wire wool
- a particulate heat transfer medium such as aluminium oxide.
- the wire wool is preferably placed in the inner compartment and the particulate medium in the outer compartment.
- the compartment may be made of any suitable heat conducting material, such as steel, brass or chromium.
- the walls of the compartment may be solid or may be made from gauze.
- a pressure release valve is provided within the compartment, preferably being countersunk into the compartment walls at the end opposite the boss.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional longitudinal view of a heating system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows a heating system according to a second embodiment of
- Figure 3 shows an anti-kettling cartridge.
- a heater 2 comprises a partially evacuated self-contained enclosure or unit 4 containing a heating element 8 towards the base thereof and a small amount of working fluid 6, such as water. Means 18 for evacuation of the unit, such as a valve, is also provided.
- the water 6 covers the region of the enclosure that contains the heating element.
- the heating element is contained within a region of compressed stainless steel wire wool 10.
- a gauze (not shown) may be provided around the heating element.
- the wire wool provides a greater area for dissipation of the heat energy that is released from the heating element and prevents kettling of the water that surrounds the element whilst being lightweight and allowing heat to be transferred to the water.
- Such an arrangement has been found to reduce the wattage being dispersed from the heating element from around 140 watts per sq. inch to around 4.6 watts per sq. inch thereby reducing kettling. It is believed that air is able to travel up the fibres thereby preventing the explosion of trapped air that causes kettling.
- the heater is manufactured by the compressed wire wool being attached to a first half of the enclosure unit and a second half of the unit is then ⁇ pressed onto the first half. A bore is then inserted through the wool to create a passage for receiving the heating element. The bore is dimensioned such that the heating element fits snugly therein.
- the heating element is a cartridge having a tapered or pointed end that is pushed through the compressed wire wool thereby creating the bore as the element is inserted therethrough. This ensures there is close contact between the element and the wire wool which is important to provide the necessary heat transfer. This provides an anti-kettling device that has minimal, if any, effect on the wattage of the device.
- a heating element 20 is enclosed within a twin-walled metal gauze sleeve 22.
- the sleeve 22 has an inner compartment 24 and an outer compartment 26 surrounding the inner compartment.
- Within the inner compartment 24 is stainless steel wire wool and within the outer compartment 26 is an aluminium oxide paste.
- a pressure release valve (not shown) may be provided in the sleeve to prevent pressure build up.
- FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings shows an anti-kettling cartridge 30 for use in a heating system of the type shown in Figure 1 of the drawings.
- the cartridge is designed to be slid onto a longitudinal heating element, such as element 8 of Figure 1.
- the cartridge comprises a pair of smaller rings 32 connected by rods 34.
- the rings 32 are internally screw-threaded so as to be connectable to an externally screw-threaded ring of the heating element.
- the rings 32 and rods 34 provide a space to receive the heating element.
- Stainless steel wire wool (not shown) is packed around the rings 32 and rods 34, so that it contains the heating element.
- the wire wool is contained by spaced larger outer rings 36 connected by rods 38.
- Each of the larger rings 36 is in the same place as one of the smaller rings 32.
- the outer rings 36 and rods 38 may be replaced by a perforated cylinder.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60311854T DE60311854T2 (en) | 2002-07-13 | 2003-07-04 | IMPROVEMENTS OF HEATING EQUIPMENT AND THOSE CONCERNING |
AU2003251157A AU2003251157A1 (en) | 2002-07-13 | 2003-07-04 | Improvements in and relating to heaters |
EP03763967A EP1552226B1 (en) | 2002-07-13 | 2003-07-04 | Improvements in and relating to heaters |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0216352A GB0216352D0 (en) | 2002-07-13 | 2002-07-13 | Improvements in and relating to heaters |
GB0216352.5 | 2002-07-13 | ||
GB0216772.4 | 2002-07-19 | ||
GB0216772A GB0216772D0 (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2002-07-19 | Improvements in and relating to heaters |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004008040A1 true WO2004008040A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
Family
ID=30117113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2003/002877 WO2004008040A1 (en) | 2002-07-13 | 2003-07-04 | Improvements in and relating to heaters |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1552226B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE354066T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003251157A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60311854T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004008040A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004063633A1 (en) | 2003-01-11 | 2004-07-29 | Hyung-Gon Kim | Electric heating pipe and electric heating apparatus using it |
WO2006077360A1 (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-07-27 | Leo Lamb | An improved radiator |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2099980A (en) * | 1981-05-06 | 1982-12-15 | Scurrah Norman Hugh | Heat transfer panels |
EP0668479A1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-08-23 | British Gas plc | Thermosyphon radiators |
WO2002050479A1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-27 | Lambco Holdings Limited | An improved heater |
-
2003
- 2003-07-04 WO PCT/GB2003/002877 patent/WO2004008040A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-07-04 AT AT03763967T patent/ATE354066T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-04 AU AU2003251157A patent/AU2003251157A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-04 EP EP03763967A patent/EP1552226B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-04 DE DE60311854T patent/DE60311854T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2099980A (en) * | 1981-05-06 | 1982-12-15 | Scurrah Norman Hugh | Heat transfer panels |
EP0668479A1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-08-23 | British Gas plc | Thermosyphon radiators |
WO2002050479A1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2002-06-27 | Lambco Holdings Limited | An improved heater |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004063633A1 (en) | 2003-01-11 | 2004-07-29 | Hyung-Gon Kim | Electric heating pipe and electric heating apparatus using it |
EP1592926A1 (en) * | 2003-01-11 | 2005-11-09 | Hyung-Gon Kim | Electric heating pipe and electric heating apparatus using it |
EP1592926A4 (en) * | 2003-01-11 | 2006-04-05 | Hyung-Gon Kim | Electric heating pipe and electric heating apparatus using it |
WO2006077360A1 (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-07-27 | Leo Lamb | An improved radiator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1552226A1 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
ATE354066T1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
DE60311854T2 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1552226B1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
DE60311854D1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
AU2003251157A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
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