WO2003098997A1 - Materiau de substrat, et substrat elabore a partir de ce materiau - Google Patents

Materiau de substrat, et substrat elabore a partir de ce materiau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003098997A1
WO2003098997A1 PCT/FI2003/000396 FI0300396W WO03098997A1 WO 2003098997 A1 WO2003098997 A1 WO 2003098997A1 FI 0300396 W FI0300396 W FI 0300396W WO 03098997 A1 WO03098997 A1 WO 03098997A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
set forth
moss
drepanocladus
substrate material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2003/000396
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Markku Haukioja
Pertti Kalinainen
Original Assignee
Biolan Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biolan Oy filed Critical Biolan Oy
Priority to EP03725249A priority Critical patent/EP1511373A1/fr
Priority to AU2003231337A priority patent/AU2003231337A1/en
Publication of WO2003098997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003098997A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a substrate material and to a substrate prepared therefrom.
  • Substrate materials commonly used today in greenhouse, potted plant and seedling production include peat, rockwool, coconut-based materials, perlite and various compost products. Each of these products has its problems.
  • a typical problem with peat- and compost-based substrates is the propensity thereof to compaction and a loss of bulkiness necessary for the growth of a root structure during cultivation.
  • so-called inactive substrate materials such as e.g. perlite-, rockwool- and coconut-based substrates, do not have a capacity of suppressing or inhibiting the spreading of plant diseases. This causes frequent problems, particularly in irrigation systems using water: plant diseases result in considerable growth losses and a pronounced demand for chemical inhibition of diseases.
  • Other problems include, for example, a high energy consumption and emissions in industrial processes for industrially produced substrate materials, such as rockwool or perlite, as well as problems associated with the disposal of spent substrates.
  • a substrate material or a substrate according to this invention which is characterized in that it consists completely or at least partially of one or more species of moss in the Amblysegiaceae family.
  • This non-decomposing aquatic moss is harvested from a living growth of aquatic mosses included in the Amblystegiaceae family.
  • Species highly useful for substrate application include e.g. several species of Drepanocladus (C. M ⁇ ll./G. Roth) (sickle mosses), such as e.g. Drepanocladus trichophylus (Warnst/Podp.) (pond sickle moss), Drepanocladus fluitans (Hedw./Warnst) (wetland sickle moss) and
  • Drepanocladus tenuinervls T. Kop.
  • Calliergon Sull./Kindb.
  • Call/ergon megalophyllum Mikut
  • Curvy lake moss These appear in many places as sizable, comparatively pure growths in shallow lakes and ponds.
  • other free amphibious mosses outside Finland, also species other than those of the Amblystegiaceae family) are useful as a raw material for these substrates.
  • the raw material for a substrate of aquatic moss is produced from amphibious floating moss vegetation.
  • the substrate of aquatic moss can be used either as such or blended with other substrate materials, such as peat or compost.
  • the substrate of aquatic moss can be used for the preparation of various substrate products, preferred examples being:
  • Substrate panels or net stocking packages prepared from aquatic moss, which are suitable for growing e.g. tomato, cucumber or rose. In these products, it is preferred that the substrate be prepared from aquatic moss alone, without other substrate materials. These substrates can be used the same way as substrates of peat, rockwool, coconut and the like.
  • Loose substrates prepared partially from aquatic moss which can be used e.g. as a substrate for potted plants or various seedlings in pots, nursery cells, nursery frames or separately.
  • the substrate may partially consist of some other substrate material, such as peat or compost.
  • a substrate of the invention can be supplemented with e.g. liming materials or fertilizers.
  • a substrate of the invention enables cultivation to be started without a nutrient and liming material supplement, the nutrients needed by the plants being administered into the substrate in a generally known way in irrigation water.
  • the substrate materials commonly used at present in greenhouse, potted plant and seedling production include peat, rockwool, coconut, perlite and various compost products.
  • the inventive substrate is capable of providing such a combination of beneficial qualities, involving cultivation technique, environmental protection, and sustainable use of natural resources, which has not been achieved with commercially available substrates.
  • a substrate of the invention offers benefits as follows:
  • the inventive substrate is structurally very durable and bulky. Even in the case of abundant over-irrigation, it is not prone to compaction and to lose its oxygen, which is a typical problem with peat- and compost-based substrates.
  • the inventive substrate is comparable with rockwool, coconut and perlite. It is highly applicable in cultivation modes, which for reasons of cultivation techniques necessitate the use of abundant over-irrigation for the substrate. It is also highly useful in so-called closed irrigation systems, in which the irrigation water percolated through the substrate is recovered and circulated for reuse.
  • the inventive substrate contains substances, like various phenol compounds, typical of aquatic mosses for inhibiting or suppressing the proliferation of plant diseases. Consequently, the plants growing in a substrate of aquatic moss are less vulnerable to plant diseases like Pythium and Rhizoctonia, which are common in greenhouse cultivation. Perlite-, rockwool- and coconut-based substrates, for example, do not have such capability of limiting or inhibiting the spreading of plant diseases. This is an important advantage for a substrate of aquatic moss, particularly when used in a closed irrigation system in which plant diseases proliferate easily in recycled irrigation water.
  • a substrate of the invention offers benefits as follows:
  • a substrate of aquatic moss is well suitable for cultivation modes implemented with a closed irrigation system.
  • the greenhouse does not cause any nutrient load on groundwater or a waterway.
  • an aquatic moss substrate By virtue of the capabilities of an aquatic moss substrate to suppress and inhibit the spreading of plant diseases, the use of biocides in the case of these substrates can in many instances be reduced as compared to other substrates applicable for closed irrigation systems.
  • Aquatic moss is a naturally decomposing organic material, which can be safely used as a soil improver in farming after its cultivation service. This is a major advantage over e.g. rockwool substrates, whose post-cultivation disposal constitutes a cost-incurring waste problem.
  • the inventive substrate offers benefits as follows:
  • Harvesting aquatic moss does not involve similar negative environmental impacts as those encountered e.g. in peat production (destruction of wetland ecosystems and nutrient loading of waterways) or in the production of industrially manufactured substrates like rockwool or perlite (high energy consumption and discharges of industrial processes).
  • Harvesting aquatic moss for the raw material of substrates can often be combined with waterways' improvement operations. Even in Finland, the improvement operations for lakes have in many cases involved removal of aquatic moss vegetations abundantly present in the lake. Then, the harvested moss pulp has been either composted or driven directly onto the fields as a soil improver.
  • the use of aquatic moss in itself as a raw material for substrate production has not been known.
  • peat mosses In the USA, Chile and Australia, live-harvested peat moss has been used as a substrate more or less the same way as described in this invention with reference to aquatic moss.
  • peat mosses are different from aquatic mosses in terms of their cultivation properties. Their water holding capacity surpasses substantially that of aquatic mosses, so they are not similarly applicable for use e.g. in closed irrigation systems.
  • aquatic moss In terms of production engineering, the harvesting process of aquatic moss is essentially different from that of peat mosses. Unlike species of peat moss, aquatic mosses grow as freely floating vegetations in water typically 0,5-1,0 m deep. Thus, the harvesting of aquatic moss can be performed by means of amphibious harvesting equipment - e.g. equipment developed for collecting aquatic vegetation during lake improvement operations.
  • a substrate of the invention offers benefits as follows:
  • Aquatic moss is a quickly renewable natural resource, the harvesting of which, at least in the early stages, can be conducted coincidentally with waterways' improvement operations.
  • aquatic moss can be cultivated to become a raw material for a substrate, with harvest every 1-3 years.
  • the growing of aquatic moss does not require fertilizing or plant protection measures.
  • the natural nutrient resources of waterways are adequate to satisfy the nutrient demand of aquatic moss.
  • the estimated yield of aquatic moss is 0,2-1 kg dry matter/m 2 /a.
  • the amount of dry matter need for a substrate of aquatic moss is 30-50 g/l.
  • the estimated producer price of aquatic moss substrate will be about 2,5-7,5 €/m 3 .
  • the question is about a substrate panel prepared from aquatic moss.
  • the example is intended to illustrate benefits that can be accomplished by using a substrate of aquatic moss. Its purpose is by no means to limit the potential applications for a substrate of the invention.
  • the substrate can be modified for a variety of applications within the scope of the claims.
  • the substrate panel prepared from aquatic moss is intended for growing e.g. tomato, cucumber, paprika and rose.
  • the substrate panel is prepared from aquatic moss drained and compressed in the process of harvesting to remove free water. Second drying of the material is effected in the process of panel pressing. In the process of pressing and drying, the substrate panel becomes a rather hard, highly coherent product, which is also beneficial in terms of shipping and storage.
  • the panel is soaked with water to increase its volume 2-4 times.
  • the substrate panel prepared from aquatic moss can be used the same way as currently commercially available panels of peat and rockwool.
  • the aquatic moss panel offers benefits as follows: Because of the coarse fibrous composition of aquatic moss, the panel is well coherent at the time of very first use. Crumbling of the panel, which is typical of peat panels at the stage of initial wetting, does not occur. The aquatic moss panel does not require a net or other covering. In addition, aquatic moss is better than peat in terms of maintaining its bulky constitution even in long-term cultivation and is more adaptable than peat to closed irrigation systems.
  • rockwool panels With respect to rockwool panels, one of the benefits is e.g. the capability of suppressing and inhibiting the spreading of plant diseases, as described in the specification of this patent application. With respect to both peat and rockwool panels, the production of aquatic moss panels yields a plurality of benefits in terms of environmental protection and sustainable use of natural resources, as described in detail in the specification of this patent application.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau de substrat et un substrat élaboré à partir de ce matériau, constitué entièrement ou au moins partiellement d'espèce de mousse appartenant à la famille Amblysegiaceae.
PCT/FI2003/000396 2002-05-24 2003-05-23 Materiau de substrat, et substrat elabore a partir de ce materiau WO2003098997A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03725249A EP1511373A1 (fr) 2002-05-24 2003-05-23 Materiau de substrat, et substrat elabore a partir de ce materiau
AU2003231337A AU2003231337A1 (en) 2002-05-24 2003-05-23 Substrate material and substrate produced therefrom

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20020976 2002-05-24
FI20020976A FI118200B (fi) 2002-05-24 2002-05-24 Sammallajin tai -lajien käyttö kasvualustatuotteena tai kasvualustatuotteen valmistuksessa

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003098997A1 true WO2003098997A1 (fr) 2003-12-04

Family

ID=8563998

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2003/000396 WO2003098997A1 (fr) 2002-05-24 2003-05-23 Materiau de substrat, et substrat elabore a partir de ce materiau

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1511373A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003231337A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI118200B (fr)
WO (1) WO2003098997A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109748456A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-05-14 重庆交通大学 一种针对景观阳台洗涤废水和屋顶雨水的水处理系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1097542A (zh) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-25 高铭泽 压缩水苔栽培材料及其用途

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1097542A (zh) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-25 高铭泽 压缩水苔栽培材料及其用途

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 199720, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A01, AN 1997-213394, XP002904971 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109748456A (zh) * 2019-01-23 2019-05-14 重庆交通大学 一种针对景观阳台洗涤废水和屋顶雨水的水处理系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003231337A1 (en) 2003-12-12
FI20020976A0 (fi) 2002-05-24
FI118200B (fi) 2007-08-31
EP1511373A1 (fr) 2005-03-09
FI20020976A (fi) 2003-11-25

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