WO2003098043A1

WO2003098043A1 - Electric compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2003098043A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/005345
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kiyoshi Terauchi
Original assignee: Sanden Corporation
Priority date: 2002-05-15
Filing date: 2003-04-25
Publication date: 2003-11-27
Also published as: AU2003235136A1; CN1653266A; US20050175470A1; JP2004027847A; DE10392645T5

Abstract

An electric compressor capable of realizing a high durability and a high efficiency with an inexpensive structure and providing a structure convenient for using carbon dioxide refrigerant, wherein the rotation motion of a wash plate (23) having a specified fixed tilt angle is converted into the oscillating motion of an oscillating plate (24) oscillating while the rotation thereof on its axis is being restricted, and pistons (21) are driven by the oscillation of the oscillating plate (24), whereby the compressor can be formed in such a structure that does not have a portion slid by the rotation of the swash plate (23) to increase the durability.

Description

Specification

Electric compressor technical field

The present invention relates to an electric compressor used for a vehicle air conditioner using a carbon dioxide refrigerant. Background art

Generally, as this kind of electric compressor, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-2915707, one of a pair of spiral members has the other spiral member. In addition to a so-called scroll-type compressor that compresses the refrigerant by making a predetermined swirling motion while facing it, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-130870 A so-called rolling piston type is known, in which a piston having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder is swirled along the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder to compress the refrigerant.

However, when a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used, the pressure is higher than that of conventional CFC gas or HFC gas, so that the above-described low-pressure type compressor cannot maintain the sealing performance of the compression chamber sufficiently. I got a point.

Therefore, as a biston type compressor capable of ensuring the sealing performance of the compression chamber even under high pressure conditions, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-304101 In addition, there is known an apparatus in which rotation of a motor is converted into reciprocating movement of a piston by an inclined plate. However, in order to obtain high pressure, it is necessary to rotate the inclined plate at high speed.However, in the structure using the inclined plate, the inclined plate rotates while contacting the shoe on the piston side. There was a problem in durability under high load conditions and severe lubrication conditions. For this reason, when a refrigeration circuit using carbon dioxide refrigerant is put into practical use, the cost will increase, for example, by using high-strength and expensive main components to increase the durability of the compressor. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is to: It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric compressor that can achieve high durability and high efficiency with an inexpensive structure and is advantageous as a structure for using a carbon dioxide refrigerant.

Disclosure of the invention

The present invention provides a plurality of cylinders arranged on one end side of a compressor body in a circumferential direction, a plurality of pistons reciprocating in each cylinder, a drive shaft for driving each piston, and a rotation of the drive shaft. And a motor that draws and reciprocates each of the pistons in the axial direction of the drive shaft so that the refrigerant is sucked and discharged. Member having an inclined surface forming an inclined angle and rotating integrally with the drive shaft, and each biston being connected via a connecting member having a universal joint at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction, and a rotating inclined member. A swinging member that reciprocates each piston by swinging while its rotation is restricted along the inclined surface of the cylinder, and using a carbon dioxide refrigerant as the refrigerant.

As a result, when the drive shaft is rotated by the motor, the tilting member rotates, and the rocking member rocks along the inclined surface of the tilting member while its rotation is restricted, and each piston connected to the rocking member is rotated. Because the connecting member of (1) is sequentially displaced in the axial direction of the drive shaft and each piston reciprocates, there is no sliding portion due to the rotation of the inclined member, and high load and poor lubrication conditions using carbon dioxide refrigerant are used. The structure is highly durable even under severe use conditions.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-described configuration, a refrigerant suction chamber for accommodating a refrigerant sucked into each cylinder and a refrigerant discharge chamber for discharging a refrigerant from each cylinder are provided at one end side of the compressor body. The refrigerant suction chamber is formed at the center of one end side of the compressor body, and the refrigerant discharge chamber is formed annularly around the refrigerant suction chamber.

As a result, since the refrigerant discharge chamber is formed annularly around the refrigerant suction chamber, the surface area of the refrigerant discharge chamber is smaller than when the refrigerant discharge chamber is formed at the center on one end side of the compressor body. However, the force as the sum of the pressures of the refrigerant applied to the wall surface of the compressor body is reduced.

Further, in the above configuration, a refrigerant suction port may be provided on the other end side of the compressor body, and each of the cylinders may be cooled after the refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant suction port flows through the inside of the compressor body. It is configured to be sucked into the damper.

As a result, the refrigerant drawn into the other end of the compressor body flows through the movable and sliding parts in the compressor body and then is drawn into the cylinder. The lubrication of the movable part 可動 the sliding part is performed. Further, the pulsation of the suction-side refrigerant is attenuated by a buffering action when the refrigerant flows through the movable part and the sliding part. In addition, according to the present invention, in the above-described configuration, the inclined member is provided at one end of a drive shaft, the motor is arranged at the other end of the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is arranged at the other end of the inclined member. It is supported by only one bearing. As a result, since the drive shaft is supported only by the bearing arranged on the other end of the inclined member, a part for supporting the drive shaft is required on one end of the drive shaft, that is, on the inclined surface of the inclined plate. And not.

Further, the present invention, in the above configuration, comprises: a first housing disposed on the piston, the swinging member, and the inclined member side; and a second housing disposed on the motor side, between the housings. And an intermediate plate having a bearing for the drive shaft.

This makes it possible to support the thruster of the inclined member and the radial force of the drive shaft with high strength by the intermediate plate provided between the housings.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above configuration, the inclined member is provided so that one end of the drive shaft penetrates, and the motor is arranged on the other end of the drive shaft, and the other end of the drive shaft is supported by a bearing. together, by which _c at one end of the drive shaft is provided with a supporting means for supporting swingably and swinging member rotatably supported one end of the drive shaft, one end side of the drive shaft by the support means times Since the swinging member is swingably supported by the supporting means while being movably supported, there is no need to provide a dedicated bearing for supporting one end of the drive shaft.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above configuration, the support means may include a sphere to which one end of a drive shaft is connected and slidably engages a center portion of the swinging member; and a sphere support for slidably supporting the sphere. And a member.

As a result, the sphere of the drive shaft is rotatably supported by the sphere support member, and the swing member is swingably supported by the sphere, so that the rotation of the drive shaft and the swing member Rocking is achieved by a common sphere. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electric compressor showing one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an electric compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention.

1 to 3 show one embodiment of the present invention.

This electric compressor comprises a compressor body 10 for sucking and discharging a refrigerant, and a compressor body

The compressor includes a compression section 20 for compressing the refrigerant drawn into the section 10 and a motor 30 for driving the compression section 20.

The compressor body 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has a first housing 11 formed on the compression section 20 side, a second housing 12 formed on the motor 30 side, and a first housing 11. Cylinder head 13 arranged at one end of housing 1 of the first housing 1

It comprises a valve plate 14 arranged between the cylinder head 11 and the cylinder head 13 and an intermediate plate 15 arranged between the housings 11.

The first housing 11 has, on one end side, a plurality of cylinders 11a arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and one end of each cylinder 11a is open on one end side of the first housing 111. are doing. The first housing 11 has a plurality of refrigerant passages 1 lb passing through one end thereof, and each of the refrigerant passages 1 lb is disposed between each of the cylinders 11 a. In addition, the first housing 11 is opened at the other end side, and is connected to one end of the second housing 12 by a bolt 11 c via an intermediate plate 15.

The second housing 12 has an opening at one end, and a refrigerant inlet 12a at the other end.

The cylinder head 13 is attached to one end of the first housing 11 via a valve plate 14, and a refrigerant suction chamber 13 a opening to the valve plate 14 side is provided in the center of the cylinder head 13. I have. An annular refrigerant discharge chamber 13b opening toward the valve plate 14 is provided around the refrigerant suction chamber 13a. It communicates with a refrigerant discharge port 13 c provided on a side surface of the door 13.

The valve plate 14 is provided with a plurality of refrigerant suction ports 14a and discharge ports 14b each communicating with each cylinder 11a, and each of the refrigerant suction ports 14a is provided with a cylinder head 13 The refrigerant discharge chambers 13a communicate with the refrigerant discharge chambers 13a, respectively, and the refrigerant discharge ports 14b communicate with the refrigerant discharge chambers 13b. Each refrigerant inlet 1

A plate-shaped suction valve 14c and a discharge valve 14d that open and close the discharge port 14a and the discharge port 14b respectively are mounted, and each refrigerant suction port 1 is formed by elastic deformation of each valve 14c and 14d. 4a and the discharge port 14b are opened and closed. A through hole 14 e is provided in the center of the valve plate 14, and a plurality of communication holes 14 f communicating with the respective refrigerant passages 11 b of the first housing 11 are provided around the through hole 14 e. It is provided.

The intermediate plate 15 is formed to have a size to cover the openings of the housings 11 and 12, and is mounted so that the peripheral end thereof is sandwiched between the end faces of the housings 11 and 12. The intermediate plate 15 has a plurality of communication holes 15a communicating with the housings 11 and 12, and a bearing 15b made of a roller bearing is provided at the center thereof.

The compression unit 20 includes a plurality of pistons 21 provided in each cylinder 11 a, a drive shaft 22 rotated by a motor 30, and an inclined plate 23 rotated by the drive shaft 22. The piston 21 is connected to the rocking plate 24 via a plurality of piston rods 25 each forming a connecting member.

Each of the pistons 21 has a piston ring 21a attached to a peripheral surface on one end side, and a spherical connecting portion 21b connecting the biston rod 25 to the other end side.

The drive shaft 22 extends into the first and second housings 11 and 12, one end of which is disposed in the first housing 11 and the other end of the second housing 12. Bearings of roller bearings provided 2 2a and bearings of intermediate plate 1 5

5b axially supports two positions rotatably.

The inclined plate 23 is attached to one end of the drive shaft 22 so as to rotate together with the drive shaft 22. One end of the inclined plate 23 has a drive shaft 22 An inclined surface 23a having a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the axis of rotation is formed, and the inclination angle is fixed at, for example, 15 °. A mouth labeling 23 b is provided between the other end surface of the inclined plate 23 and the intermediate plate 15.

The oscillating plate 24 is disposed on the side of the inclined surface 23 a of the inclined plate 23, and is inclined along the inclined surface 23 a. In this case, the swing plate 24 allows rotation of the inclined plate 23 with respect to the swing plate 24 by a roller bearing 24 a disposed between the swing plate 24 and the inclined surface 23 a. In addition, a sphere 26 that supports the oscillating plate 24 by itself is provided on one end side of the oscillating plate 24. That is, an engaging member 27 that engages with the sphere 26 is attached to the center of the swinging plate 24, and the engaging member 27 slidably receives the sphere 26 on a substantially hemispherical spherical portion. ing. Further, the first housing 11 is provided with a sphere support member 28 that engages with the sphere 26, and the sphere support member 28 slidably receives the sphere 26 on a substantially hemispherical spherical surface. I have. That is, the swing plate 24 is supported by the support member 28 via the sphere 26, and swings while rotating along the spherical surface of the sphere 26. The sphere support member 28 is provided with a communication hole 28b for communicating the spherical portion supporting the sphere 26 with the through hole 14e of the valve plate 14. The engaging member 27 of the rocking plate 24 and the sphere support member 28 are provided with gears 27a and 28a that mesh with each other, and the rocking plate is formed by the combination of the gears 27a and 28a. The rotation of 24 is regulated. Further, the swinging plate 24 is provided with a plurality of spherical connecting portions 24 d for connecting the respective biston rods 25, and the connecting portions 24 d are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. ing.

Each piston rod 25 has a spherical connecting portion 25a at each end, and a connecting portion 25a at one end is slidably connected to a connecting portion 21b of the piston 21 and the other end. The connecting portion 25a is slidably connected to the connecting portion 24d of the rocking plate 24. That is, each connecting part 21b, 24d, 25a forms a universal joint.

The motor 30 has a stay 31 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the second housing 12, a mouth 31 formed of a permanent magnet rotating in the stay 31, and a stay 31. A rotor 32 is mounted on the other end of the drive shaft 22 so as to rotate integrally therewith. That is, the motor 30 consists of a three-phase AC brushless motor.

In the electric compressor configured as described above, the drive system When the shaft 22 rotates, the inclined plate 23 rotates, and the swing plate 24 swings along the inclined surface 23 a of the inclined plate 23. At this time, the swinging plate 24 swings around the sphere 26 while its rotation is restricted by the gears 27a and 28a. As a result, each piston rod 25 connected to the oscillating plate 24 is sequentially displaced in the axial direction of the drive shaft 22, and each piston 21 is moved in each cylinder 11a with a predetermined phase difference. It reciprocates. Further, the reciprocating motion of each piston 21 causes the refrigerant in the refrigerant suction chamber 13a to be sucked into each cylinder 1la and discharged to the refrigerant discharge chamber 13b. At that time, the refrigerant drawn into the compressor body 10 from the refrigerant suction port 12 a of the second housing 12 passes through the gap of the motor 30 and the communication holes 1 of the intermediate plate 15. 5 a and the bearing 15 b, flow into the first housing 11, and pass through the refrigerant passages 11 b of the first housing 11 and the communication holes 28 b of the spherical support members 28. The refrigerant is sucked into the refrigerant suction chamber 13a. In this case, since lubricating oil is mixed with the refrigerant, lubrication is performed not only on the moving parts such as the motor 30 and the bearing 15 b, but also on the sliding parts of the sphere 26. In addition, although a little, the refrigerant flows between each cylinder 1 la and the piston 21 to lubricate them.

The electric compressor is used in a refrigeration circuit using a carbon dioxide refrigerant in a vehicle air conditioner. In this case, the pressure of the carbon dioxide refrigerant is about 10 times higher in the refrigeration cycle than that of the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant (R134a).

As described above, according to the electric compressor of the present embodiment, the rotational movement of the inclined plate 23 having the predetermined fixed inclination angle is changed to the swing movement of the swing plate 24 that swings while its rotation is restricted. After the conversion, each piston 21 is driven by the rocking of the rocking plate 24, so that a structure having no sliding portion due to the rotation of the inclined plate 23 can be adopted, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used. The durability can be improved even under severe load conditions and poor lubrication conditions. Therefore, it is possible to obtain highly efficient compression performance by the piston type, and to realize high durability and high efficiency by an inexpensive structure, which is extremely useful as a structure for using a carbon dioxide refrigerant. It is.

In addition, the refrigerant sucked into the compressor body 10 flows through the moving parts such as the motor 30 and the bearing 15a, as well as the sliding part of the sphere 26, and then flows through the cylinder head 13 The suction of the refrigerant into the refrigerant suction chamber 13a of the This can be performed reliably by a refrigerant mixed with lubricating oil, and high durability can be realized even under severe lubrication conditions when a carbon dioxide refrigerant is used. In this case, the pulsation of the suction-side refrigerant can be attenuated by the buffering action when the refrigerant flows through the movable portion and the sliding portion, and thus the suction pressure that is likely to be generated in the reciprocating compressor as in the present embodiment. Pulsation can be greatly reduced, and a refrigeration cycle with extremely low noise can be realized.

Further, the refrigerant suction chamber 13a is formed in the center of the cylinder head 13 and the high-pressure refrigerant discharge chamber 13b is formed annularly around the refrigerant suction chamber 13a. The surface area of the refrigerant discharge chamber 13b can be made smaller than when 13b is formed in the center of the cylinder head 13, and the total pressure of the refrigerant applied to the wall of the compressor body 10 can be calculated. Power can be reduced. Therefore, even a low-strength structure can be used, and the weight and cost can be reduced.

Further, the inclined plate 23 was attached to one end of the drive shaft 22, a motor 30 was arranged at the other end of the drive shaft 22, and the drive shaft 22 was arranged at the other end of the inclined plate 23. Since the bearings are supported only by the bearings 15b and 22a, a part for supporting the drive shaft 22 is required at one end of the drive shaft 22, that is, at one end of the inclined plate 23. Therefore, it is possible to improve the assemblability and simplify the structure. For example, a drive in which each piston 21 and rocking plate 24 are assembled on the first housing 11 side, and a module 30 and an inclined plate 23 are mounted on the second housing 12 side After assembling the shaft 22 and the intermediate plate 15, if these assemblies are connected to each other with bolts 11 c, the assembling work can be performed extremely easily.

In this case, since the intermediate plate 15 having the bearing 15b of the drive shaft 22 is provided between the housings 11 and 12, the thrust force of the inclined plate 23 and the radial force of the drive shaft 22 are reduced. It can be received by the intermediate plate 15 securely fixed between the housings 11 and 12, and the durability can be improved. Since the drive shaft 22 can be supported with high strength by the intermediate plate 15, the bearing 22a at the other end of the drive shaft 22 can be omitted.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an electric compressor showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the configuration of a drive shaft, an inclined plate, and a sphere is different from that of the above-described embodiment. still, The same components as those in the above-described embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

That is, in the present embodiment, the inclined plate 40 is provided so that one end of the drive shaft 41 penetrates, the other end of the drive shaft 41 is supported by the bearing 41 a, and one end of the drive shaft 41 is provided. One end of the drive shaft 41 is rotatably supported by a sphere 42 provided on the side, and the inclined plate 40 is swingably supported. Further, in this embodiment, a configuration corresponding to the intermediate plate 15 of the above embodiment is not provided, and the housings 11 and 12 are directly connected to each other.

The inclined plate 40 has an inclined surface 40a having a predetermined fixed inclination angle at one end side, similarly to the above-described embodiment. One end of the drive shaft 41 penetrates through the center of the inclined plate 40, and the inclined plate 40 rotates integrally with the drive shaft 41.

For the bearing 4 1a that supports the other end of the drive shaft 41, an angular ball bearing that simultaneously regulates the axial and radial movement of the drive shaft 41 is used, but is composed of a thrust and a journal bearing You may do so.

The sphere 42 is slidably supported by a sphere support member 28 as in the above-described embodiment. In this case, the sphere 42 has a hole into which one end of the drive shaft 41 is inserted, and is connected to one end of the drive shaft 41.

According to the present embodiment, the drive shaft is formed by the sphere 42 and the sphere support member 28.

Since one end of 41 is rotatably supported and the swing plate 24 is swingably supported by the sphere 42, a dedicated bearing for supporting one end of the drive shaft 41 is provided. There is no need to provide an intermediate plate or plate, and the number of parts can be reduced. In this case, the support means for supporting one end of the drive shaft 41 is a sphere 42 slidably engaged with the center of the swinging plate 40, and a sphere slidably supporting the sphere 42. Since one end of the drive shaft 41 is connected to the spherical body 42, the rotation of the drive shaft 41 and the swing of the rocking plate 40 are performed by the common spherical body 42. Thus, the mechanism for supporting one end of the drive shaft 41 can be simplified and downsized. Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a sliding portion by rotation of the inclined member. Therefore, the durability can be improved even under severe conditions of high load and poor lubrication using a carbon dioxide refrigerant. Therefore, high efficiency compression performance by the piston type can be obtained, and high durability and high efficiency can be realized by an inexpensive structure, which is extremely advantageous as a structure for using a carbon dioxide refrigerant. is there.

Further, according to the present invention, the total force of the refrigerant applied to the wall surface of the compressor body can be reduced, so that a low-strength structure can be used, and the weight and cost can be reduced. And the durability can be further improved.

Further, according to the present invention, since the moving part and the sliding part in the compressor main body can be reliably lubricated, high durability can be realized even under severe lubrication conditions using a carbon dioxide refrigerant. it can. Also, since the pulsation of the suction side refrigerant can be attenuated, the suction pressure pulsation that is likely to occur in the reciprocating compressor can be significantly reduced, and a refrigeration cycle with extremely low noise can be realized. Further, according to the present invention, since a component for supporting the drive shaft is not required at one end side of the inclined member, the assemblability can be improved and the structure can be simplified.

Further, according to the present invention, since the thrust force of the inclined member and the radial force of the drive shaft can be received by the intermediate plate securely fixed between the housings, the durability can be improved. In this case, the drive shaft can be supported by the intermediate plate with high strength, so that the drive shaft can be supported only by the intermediate plate, and the structure can be further simplified by omitting other bearings. it can. Further, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated bearing for supporting one end of the drive shaft, so that the number of parts can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, since the rotation of the drive shaft and the movement of the swinging member can be achieved by using the sphere of the common support means, the mechanism for supporting the drive shaft is simplified and downsized. Can be achieved.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A plurality of cylinders circumferentially arranged at one end of the compressor body, a plurality of pistons reciprocating in each cylinder, a drive shaft for driving each piston, and a drive shaft for rotating In the electric compressor, each piston is reciprocated in the axial direction of the drive shaft so as to suck and discharge the refrigerant.

An inclined member having an inclined surface at a predetermined fixed inclined angle with respect to the drive shaft at one end, and an inclined member that rotates integrally with the drive shaft;

Each piston is connected via a connecting member having a universal joint at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction, and each piston is reciprocated by swinging along the inclined surface of the rotating inclined member while its rotation is restricted. And a member,

Using a carbon dioxide refrigerant as the refrigerant

An electric compressor characterized by the above-mentioned.

2. At one end of the compressor main body, a refrigerant suction chamber for storing refrigerant sucked into each cylinder and a refrigerant discharge chamber for discharging refrigerant from each cylinder are provided, and the refrigerant suction chamber is connected to the compressor main body. Formed at the center on one end side, and the refrigerant discharge chamber is formed annularly around the refrigerant suction chamber

The electric compressor according to claim 1, wherein:

3. A refrigerant suction port is provided at the other end of the compressor main body, so that the refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant suction port flows through the compressor main body and is then sucked into each cylinder. The electric compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

4. The tilt member is provided at one end of a drive shaft, and the motor is disposed at the other end of the drive shaft.

The drive shaft is supported only by at least one bearing arranged on the other end side of the inclined member.

The electric compressor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein:

5. A first housing disposed on the biston, the swing member and the inclined member side, and a second housing disposed on the motor side,

An intermediate plate having the bearing of the drive shaft was provided between each housing. 5. The electric compressor according to claim 4, wherein:

6. While providing the inclined member so that one end side of the drive shaft penetrates, the motor is arranged on the other end side of the drive shaft,

While supporting the other end of the drive shaft with a bearing,

At one end of the drive shaft, a support means for rotatably supporting one end of the drive shaft and supporting the swinging member in a self-rotating manner is provided.

The electric compressor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein:

7. The support means comprises a sphere to which one end of a drive shaft is connected and slidably engages a center portion of the swinging member, and a sphere support member slidably supporting the sphere. The electric compressor according to claim 6, wherein