WO2003084878A1 - Verwendung von landwirtschaftlichen körnerfrüchten, pflanzenteilen dieser und mahlrückständen zur dekontamination von mit chlorkohlenwasserstoffen belasteten wässern - Google Patents
Verwendung von landwirtschaftlichen körnerfrüchten, pflanzenteilen dieser und mahlrückständen zur dekontamination von mit chlorkohlenwasserstoffen belasteten wässern Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003084878A1 WO2003084878A1 PCT/EP2003/003572 EP0303572W WO03084878A1 WO 2003084878 A1 WO2003084878 A1 WO 2003084878A1 EP 0303572 W EP0303572 W EP 0303572W WO 03084878 A1 WO03084878 A1 WO 03084878A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- use according
- adsorbers
- materials
- adsorber
- hch
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/485—Plants or land vegetals, e.g. cereals, wheat, corn, rice, sphagnum, peat moss
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/58—Use in a single column
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of agricultural cereals, parts of plants thereof and grinding residues as adsorption materials for decontamination of water contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons, the adsorption materials being used without any modification.
- Chlorinated hydrocarbons such as hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH's) and tetrachlorethylene are representative examples of ubiquitous pollutants, the disposal of which, particularly from water, causes problems.
- Tetrachlorethylene is considered a substance with reasonable suspicion of carcinogenic potential. It preferably serves as a textile cleaning agent, as an extraction u. Solvents for animal and vegetable fats and oils as well as degreasing agents in metal and textile processing, for the production of fluorine compounds, for azeotropic drying, as an anthelic.
- volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons include, for example, the chloromethanes as well as the chlorinated ethane, ethene, some propane and. Butane derivatives.
- the non-volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons include both chlorinated aliphatics and cycloaliphatics such as the HCH's as well as core chlorinated aromatics and side chain chlorinated alkyl aromatics.
- HCH's were used particularly as an insecticide against soil pests (especially in the form of seed treatment agents) and against bark-dwelling forest pests. They are part of wood preservatives and are used in non-European areas to combat parasites on farm animals. However, they are hazardous to health and are now widespread in the environment, e.g. B. stored - sometimes even open incorrectly - together with other waste in old landfills. That is why they can be found in polluted areas due to drift in the air and in the ground as well as due to seepage processes, often in high concentrations in landfill leachate, but now also in groundwater and water wells for drinking water production.
- hexachlorocyclohexane isomers Because of their easy bioavailability, the hexachlorocyclohexane isomers also accumulate preferentially in the fatty tissue of animals and humans via the food chain and therefore represent a considerable hazard potential, which must be eliminated by decontamination using suitable methods and procedures. Although efforts today are primarily focused on waste management and the chemical industry to avoid the creation of contaminated sites, the problem of decontamination of halogenated organic compounds - including the old suspect areas contaminated with HCHs - has not been fully solved. Theoretically, hexachlorocyclohexane exists in nine stereoisomers. Of the isomers synthesized to date, the so-called gamma isomer (lindane) is the most widely used isomer.
- HCH's have been prohibited in Germany since 1978.
- the waste water from the manufacturers and ex-manufacturers of the HCH's poses particular problems when it comes to disposal, because the waste water limit values for the hexachlorocyclohexane isomers are sometimes considerably exceeded in these waste waters.
- Hexachlorocyclohexanes as alicyclic halogenated hydrocarbons can be broken down enzymatically according to WO-A 9739136 and US Pat. No. 5,466,600 and DE-Al 43 18 337 or according to US Pat. No. 5,656,169, EP-A2 0 761 608 or DE-Al 42 12 479 with the aid of microorganisms ,
- a disadvantage of these biological processes is that they do not completely degrade to harmless compounds. Secondary metabolites are formed, which in some cases are more toxic than the starting compounds to be disposed of. In most cases, carbon and energy sources are also required to conduct the process, so that the process costs are increased considerably. Often, the required delivery values for HCHs cannot be achieved with these processes.
- Adsorptive methods and inclusion processes for eliminating the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane from waste water have long been known. It can be seen from the patent and scientific literature that adsorption processes are the preferred technical solutions. The adsorption of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers on activated carbon is known, however, the use of activated carbon is not particularly selective, since it primarily binds other organic compounds. More recent techniques describe the adsorption on hydrophobic zeolites according to WO-A 9965826, on hydrophobic proteins according to WO-A 9830112 or the encapsulation in cement according to EP-A2 0 482 718 and US-A 4,931,192. The disadvantage of the above-mentioned adsorptive decontamination processes is that the adsorber materials used are expensive and their subsequent disposal or final storage also causes problems.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons such as the hexachlorocyclohexane isomers according to FR 2689492, WO-A 9108985 and WO-A 9523118, can also be oxidatively destroyed with peroxides and metallophthalocyanines. These methods are also very expensive due to the special oxidizing agents and also do not allow complete degradation e.g. B. to carbon dioxide, water and chloride. They also leave contaminated wastewater back. According to DE-Al 199 03 987 and DE-Al 44 07 057, HCHs can be dehalogenated by reductive dehalogenation or degraded by electrochemical oxidation.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to search for easily accessible and inexpensive materials which enable the decontamination of aqueous solutions and / or waste water contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons and at the same time meet the legal limit values for these pollutants.
- Adsorber materials based on natural raw materials in the sense of the invention are agricultural cereals, parts of plants thereof and their granular grinding residues.
- the adsorbers are preferably made from wheat, sunflowers and corn.
- biomaterials can also be used which are agricultural grains or parts of plants thereof or originate in particular from the grains.
- the agricultural grains, parts of plants and grinding residues of all types of cereals e.g. of wheat, rye, barley, oats, triticale, millet, corn and rice as well as e.g. can also be used by sunflowers without any modification.
- Plant parts of these agricultural cereals can preferably be grains or kernels, also in the form of the complete ears, flasks or baskets; Glumes, leaves, and possibly stalks or stalks. Large quantities of grinding residues are produced from the grains during the production of flour.
- untreated wheat bran, sunflower seeds and husks and corn cobs are used.
- the adsorption materials can be used as chromatography material in columns, but also as an adsorber in a batch process. According to the invention, the materials are preferably used as a suspension in aqueous systems and / or organic solvents in which they are present as insoluble particles. Adsorption processes are usually the most technical most undemanding process for eliminating pollutants from aqueous solutions or waste water. Your equipment and energy consumption is comparatively low z. B. compared to microbiological or electrochemical processes.
- the preferred adsorber materials in particular wheat bran, sunflowers and corn, are widely used for the decontamination of water contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. in the environmental sector for the purification of landfill leachate, in the chemical industry for manufacturers and ex-manufacturers of chlorinated hydrocarbons for cleaning their frequently contaminated wastewater and process water and for cleaning groundwater or surface water for drinking water production in areas contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons.
- the adsorption materials according to the invention are suitable for the purification of highly chlorinated hydrocarbons such as the HCHs as well as for other low-volatility chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls, terphenyls or chlorophenols, such as pentachlorophenol and others.
- Tetrachlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, vinyl chloride, trichloroethane and dichloromethane may be mentioned in particular as volatile hydrocarbons. They have proven to be particularly preferred for the purification of HCHs and tetrachlorethylene.
- the adsorber materials are pretreated with water and swollen before use. By washing with water, grinding residues are freed of flour components, for example.
- the adsorber materials are preferably stored in deionized water until they are swollen as completely as possible. Depending on their nature, they are preferably stored in the deionized water for two to twenty hours.
- Industrial wastewater and landfill leachate often contain solid particles and suspended particles that are difficult to filter. Their presence may be of great disadvantage because these substances (inorganic or organic in nature) can significantly hinder or even prevent the chromatography process according to the invention by clogging or reducing the flow rate in the case of large flow volumes.
- the removal of solids in the water that are difficult to filter is preferably carried out by flotation, in the special case of cleaning waste water and landfill leachate, preferably by
- Step the process of decontamination of HCH's contaminated wastewater and landfill leachate can be continuously and cheaply designed.
- the wastewater or landfill leachate pretreated by electroflotation can then be fed continuously from the reservoir of the electroflotation directly over a chromatography column with the grain residues contained therein. A further treatment or conditioning of the water containing the pollutants is no longer necessary.
- the grinding residues which are insoluble in aqueous systems and / or organic solvents and are present as spherical particles, for example the granular grinding residues, are able to bind the chlorinated hydrocarbons both from aqueous solutions and from waste water or landfill leachate freed from solid components.
- wastewater freed from the pollutants and aqueous solutions with dispensable limit values are obtained.
- untreated wheat bran is very particularly preferably used to remove chlorinated hydrocarbons. With this, for example, almost complete cleaning (> 90%) can be achieved.
- sunflower seeds and husks and corn cobs are used for cleaning, which also lead to a cleaning which is above 80% and which therefore also lead to values which are below the legally prescribed limit values. Compared to other biological adsorber materials, this is one surprising increase of about 25% and more.
- Waste products of easily accessible renewable raw materials can often be used as adsorption materials because agriculture and mills can provide the materials in almost unlimited quantities.
- the adsorption materials are much cheaper than any adsorber available on the market.
- the adsorbers may only need to be cleaned with water. They do not need to be activated or chemically modified for use. Used adsorbers can be easily disposed of by burning them at low temperatures or by composting. When they are burned, only very small amounts of ash residues remain. The combustion does not require the addition of additional materials that promote combustion.
- the combustion process is C0 2 neutral. As the main combustion product, only as much carbon dioxide is produced as for the biological one
- a chromatography column with a volume of 100ml is filled with the cleaned and swollen grain residue from the wheat. After drying, the column content corresponded to a dry weight of 3.02 g. The column content is then equilibrated with ten times the bed volume of deionized water.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10391240T DE10391240D2 (de) | 2002-04-05 | 2003-04-04 | Verwendung von landwirtschaftlichen Körnerfrüchten, Pflanzenteilen dieser und Mahlrückständen zur Dekontamination von mit Chlorkohlenwasserstoffen belasteten Wässern |
EP03724966A EP1492732A1 (de) | 2002-04-05 | 2003-04-04 | Verwendung von landwirtschaftlichen körnerfrüchten, pflanzenteilen dieser und mahlrückständen zur dekontamination von mit chlorkohlenwasserstoffen belasteten wässern |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10216193 | 2002-04-05 | ||
DE10216193.3 | 2002-04-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003084878A1 true WO2003084878A1 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
Family
ID=28684972
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/003572 WO2003084878A1 (de) | 2002-04-05 | 2003-04-04 | Verwendung von landwirtschaftlichen körnerfrüchten, pflanzenteilen dieser und mahlrückständen zur dekontamination von mit chlorkohlenwasserstoffen belasteten wässern |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1492732A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10391240D2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003084878A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5120441A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-06-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method for removal of metal atoms from aqueous solution using suspended plant cells |
WO1992022501A1 (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-23 | Adria Brown | Method for removing oil spills using a natural, recyclable absorbent |
DE4203928A1 (de) * | 1992-02-11 | 1993-08-12 | Juergen Buil | Bindemittel, insbesondere fuer mineraloelprodukte |
DE19718452A1 (de) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Biosorbentien für Metallionen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US6162363A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 2000-12-19 | Fayed; Muhammad | Process for removing contaminants with popcorn |
-
2003
- 2003-04-04 DE DE10391240T patent/DE10391240D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-04 WO PCT/EP2003/003572 patent/WO2003084878A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-04 EP EP03724966A patent/EP1492732A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5120441A (en) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-06-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method for removal of metal atoms from aqueous solution using suspended plant cells |
WO1992022501A1 (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-23 | Adria Brown | Method for removing oil spills using a natural, recyclable absorbent |
DE4203928A1 (de) * | 1992-02-11 | 1993-08-12 | Juergen Buil | Bindemittel, insbesondere fuer mineraloelprodukte |
US6162363A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 2000-12-19 | Fayed; Muhammad | Process for removing contaminants with popcorn |
DE19718452A1 (de) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Biosorbentien für Metallionen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10391240D2 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
EP1492732A1 (de) | 2005-01-05 |
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