WO2003083986A1 - Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep) - Google Patents

Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003083986A1
WO2003083986A1 PCT/CN2002/000227 CN0200227W WO03083986A1 WO 2003083986 A1 WO2003083986 A1 WO 2003083986A1 CN 0200227 W CN0200227 W CN 0200227W WO 03083986 A1 WO03083986 A1 WO 03083986A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
proton exchange
exchange membrane
cell stack
stack according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2002/000227
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Gang Xu
Sanyou Li
Gang Wang
Nianfang Wan
Mei Chen
Original Assignee
Gang Xu
Sanyou Li
Gang Wang
Nianfang Wan
Mei Chen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gang Xu, Sanyou Li, Gang Wang, Nianfang Wan, Mei Chen filed Critical Gang Xu
Priority to CNB028286855A priority Critical patent/CN1288787C/zh
Priority to AU2002252936A priority patent/AU2002252936A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2002/000227 priority patent/WO2003083986A1/fr
Publication of WO2003083986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003083986A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell, in particular to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. Background technique
  • a fuel cell is a device that directly converts the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy.
  • proton exchange membrane fuel cells have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages such as low operating temperature, fast startup, high power density and energy density, no pollution to the environment, and no noise.
  • Existing proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems generally consist of a fuel supply system, an oxidant supply system, a battery pack, and a hydrothermal management system.
  • a battery pack is generally composed of a membrane electrode 3 ′ and a galvanic plate 10 ′ with a gas conduction channel, and the membrane electrode 3 ′ is further composed of a proton exchange membrane 24 ′, a catalytic layer 25 ′, and the like.
  • the gas diffusion layers 26 'on both sides are composed.
  • the working method is as follows: Hydrogen and oxygen reach the anode and cathode of the membrane electrode 3 'through the gas conduction channels on the bipolar plate 10', respectively, and the reaction gas reaches the proton exchange membrane 24 'through the diffusion layer 26' on the electrode.
  • hydrogen is dissociated into hydrogen ions (protons) and negatively charged electrons under the action of the anode catalyst, and the hydrogen ions migrate to the cathode on the proton exchange membrane 24 'to achieve proton conduction.
  • the transfer of protons results in the accumulation of negatively charged electrons in the anode, which becomes a negatively charged terminal (negative electrode);
  • the oxygen molecules of the cathode react with the electrons generated by the catalyst excitation, making the cathode a positively charged terminal (positive electrode).
  • a voltage is formed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
  • the bipolar plate not only has a space for separating the hydrogen channel and the oxygen channel, but also has a conductive current collecting function, and also serves as a cathode and an anode.
  • the poles are connected in series.
  • the bipolar plate must meet the following technical requirements: 1. Separate the oxidant from the reducing agent.
  • the bipolar plate must have a gas barrier function and cannot use porous and breathable materials; 2. It must have a current collecting effect, so it must be a good electrical Conductor; 3.
  • the fuel cell's electrolyte is acid or alkali, and the bipolar plate must have anti-corrosion ability when there is an oxidizing or reducing medium at the working potential. 4. It must be processed or placed on both sides of the bipolar plate. Make the reflecting gas uniformly distributed to ensure that the reflecting gas can be distributed uniformly throughout the electrode; 5. It should be a good conductor of heat to ensure the uniform distribution of the temperature of the battery pack and the implementation of the heat distribution scheme.
  • bipolar plates Based on the above-mentioned special technical requirements for bipolar plates, the processing technology of bipolar plates is difficult, time-consuming, and costly, which is not conducive to large-scale mass production.
  • the existing bipolar plate generally uses a carbon plate as a substrate, and the gas conducting channels are engraved on both sides, but in order to prevent gas penetration, it must have a certain thickness of the separation layer, and because the battery stack requires a certain pressure to reduce the interface contact resistance The bipolar plate must withstand a certain pressure, and the carbon plate is brittle and the compressive strength is not high. Therefore, the bipolar plate must have a certain thickness and weight, which will cause the volume specific power and weight specific power of the entire battery stack to decrease. In addition, if a battery cell in the stack has poor performance for some reason, the performance of the entire battery stack will be reduced, which will affect the service life of the entire battery.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, which adopts a non-bipolar plate structure, reduces the cost of the fuel cell, increases its volume specific power, and is easy to process and convenient to use.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack, in which the voltage generated by each membrane electrode is connected in series outside the battery, so as to avoid the performance of the entire stack being affected by the poor performance of the single-chip battery.
  • a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack includes at least two kinds of reaction substance supply bins and membrane electrodes, and the two kinds of reaction substance supply bins are arranged at intervals for every two reactions.
  • Membrane electrodes are provided between the material supply bins, and every two adjacent membranes are electrically charged.
  • the electrode and the reaction material flow field formed by any kind of reaction material supply chamber sandwiched therebetween form a common relationship; current collector plates are provided on both sides of each membrane electrode, and each membrane electrode is generated through the electrical connection of the current collector plate. The electromotive force is coming.
  • One of the two reactive material supply bins of the present invention may be composed of N double bins; the other is composed of N-1 double bins and 2 single bins located on both sides, where N may be a natural number.
  • the two reaction material supply bins of the present invention may also be composed of N double bins and a single bin located on one side; where N is a natural number greater than zero.
  • the above two kinds of reaction material supply bins of the present invention may be an air bin and a hydrogen bin.
  • the above-mentioned double bins provided between two adjacent membrane electrodes may be double air bins or double hydrogen bins that supply reactive substances to both sides at the same time; single bins provided at both ends of the fuel cell may be those that supply reactive substances to only one side Single hydrogen tank and / or single air tank.
  • the current collecting plate of the present invention may be composed of a conductive metal sheet or a metal mesh.
  • the conductive metal sheet or metal mesh constituting the current collecting plate may be subjected to an acid-resistant and corrosion-resistant surface treatment.
  • the current collecting plate of the present invention can be provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, and should have a sufficient opening ratio to ensure a sufficient air intake.
  • An air guide plate opened to one side may be provided on the air inlet hole of the current collecting plate to increase the air intake.
  • the two reaction substance supply bins of the present invention can be made of high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant insulating plastic.
  • the sides of the single air chamber and the air chamber of the present invention may be provided with a ventilation hole communicating with air.
  • Support ribs sufficient to ensure the strength of the air chamber body can be distributed in the air chamber.
  • the fuel cell stack of the present invention is provided with an air intake passage which is in communication with a single hydrogen tank or a double hydrogen tank, and the hydrogen required by the battery is supplied to the single hydrogen tank or the double hydrogen tank through the air intake channel.
  • the fuel cell stack of the present invention is provided with an exhaust passage communicating with a single hydrogen tank or a double hydrogen tank.
  • the exhaust passage can be in a normally closed state. Before the hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen tank or the double hydrogen tank through the intake channel, the exhaust channel can be opened first, and the single hydrogen tank or the double hydrogen tank can be opened through the exhaust channel. The air in the hydrogen tank is exhausted to ensure the purity of hydrogen in the single hydrogen tank or the double hydrogen tank.
  • the single hydrogen tank or the double hydrogen tank of the present invention may be provided with a plurality of flow-guiding baffles, and the reaction substances may form different flow fields and play a supporting role.
  • the membrane electrode of the present invention may be composed of a proton exchange membrane and catalytic layers on both sides thereof.
  • a gas diffusion layer can be provided on both sides of the membrane electrode of the present invention to uniformly diffuse a reactive substance onto the proton exchange membrane.
  • the periphery of the membrane electrode of the present invention may be provided with a sealing structure to prevent leakage or mutual mixing of reactive substances on both sides thereof.
  • the current collector plates of different membrane electrodes of the present invention can be electrically connected through external wires, and the electromotive forces generated by the membrane electrodes are connected in series.
  • the single hydrogen tank or the single air tank of the present invention is provided with a connecting portion around the fuel cell, and the fuel cell is connected as a whole through the connecting portion.
  • the connection portion provided on the single hydrogen tank or the single air tank may be a connection hole, and a bolt passes through the connection hole, and is firmly connected into a whole by a nut.
  • the effect of the present invention is that, first, because a common reactant shield supply bin is used between adjacent membrane electrodes of the present invention, in a fuel cell having the same membrane electrode, the number of reactant supply bins is almost reduced by half, thereby greatly The volume of the entire battery and the manufacturing cost of the battery are reduced, and the specific power of the battery volume is improved. Second, because the adjacent membrane electrode of the present invention uses a common air or hydrogen tank, the air chamber and the hydrogen tank do not need to be separated by a carbon plate, and the current generated on the membrane electrode can be directly led out through the current collecting plate, thereby avoiding The use of a bipolar plate structure with high cost and complicated technology reduces the difficulty and cost of the fuel cell processing technology, and provides favorable conditions for large-scale mass production of fuel cells.
  • the reaction material supply bin of the present invention can be directly injection-molded with plastic, the processing technique is simple, the cost is low, and the cost of the entire battery is greatly reduced.
  • the voltage generated by the membrane electrode is connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting plate.
  • the battery cells with poor performance can be skipped at any time by adjusting the connection of the external circuit, so as to avoid the single chip.
  • the phenomenon that the performance of the battery is poor and affects the performance of the entire battery pack occurs, extending the life of the entire battery.
  • the side of the air chamber may be provided with a ventilation hole communicating with the air, and the interior of the air chamber may be provided with supporting ribs sufficient to ensure the strength of the chamber body to form a grill structure. This structure is not only light in weight, but also has a large amount of air intake, which is beneficial to moisture retention and heat preservation, and improves the working stability of the battery.
  • the air inlet of the cathode current collecting plate may be provided with a deflector which is lifted to one side to form a structure similar to an open skylight.
  • gas can be formed in the air compartment.
  • the turbulent flow increases the amount of incoming air and improves the air utilization rate, thereby reducing the thickness of the air chamber and further reducing the overall battery volume.
  • this structure is also conducive to retaining moisture on the air side, preventing rapid loss of moisture into the air, and improving the working environment of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the existing bipolar plate proton exchange membrane fuel cell
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the membrane electrode structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a dual air tank and a current collecting plate of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the structure of a single air silo and a current collecting net according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a double hydrogen tank and a current collecting plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a hydrogen tank and a current collecting plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a gas channel of the fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a current circuit diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a flow plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a back surface of a flow plate according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual air silo according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual hydrogen tank of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 13 is an exploded perspective view of each component of a two-cell battery with a single hydrogen tank at both ends in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of each component of a multi-cell battery with a single hydrogen tank at both ends in Embodiment 1 of the present invention Exploded view
  • Embodiment 15 is an exploded perspective view of each component of a two-cell battery with a single air tank at both ends in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 16 is an exploded perspective view of each component of a multi-cell battery with a single air tank at both ends in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view of each component of a two-cell battery with a single hydrogen tank and a single air tank at two ends in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 18 is an exploded perspective view of each component of a multi-cell battery with a single hydrogen tank and a single air tank at two ends in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. detailed description
  • the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack of the present invention includes at least two kinds of reaction substance supply chambers and membrane electrodes 3, and the two kinds of reaction substance supply chambers are arranged at intervals between each two reaction substances.
  • Membrane electrodes are provided between the supply bins, and each two adjacent membrane electrodes 3 form a common relationship with a reactive substance flow field formed by any one of the reactive substance supply bins sandwiched therebetween;
  • a common reaction material supply bin is used between adjacent membrane electrodes 3 of the present invention, compared with the existing fuel cell having a bipolar plate structure, the number of reaction material supply bins is almost reduced when the same membrane electrode is used. This reduces the volume of the entire battery, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of the battery, and increases the specific power of the battery volume.
  • the current collecting plates 6 on the two sides of the membrane electrode 3 of the present invention are relatively independent from the reaction material supply bin, the electromotive force generated by each membrane electrode 3 can be connected in series through the current collecting plates 6, thereby avoiding high cost and complicated process
  • the bipolar plate structure reduces the difficulty and cost of the fuel cell processing technology, which is a large-scale batch for the fuel cell. Production provides favorable conditions.
  • the voltage generated by the membrane electrode 3 is connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting plates 7 and 9, and the battery cells with poor performance can be skipped at any time by adjusting the connection of the external circuit.
  • the service life of the entire battery is prolonged.
  • one of the two reactive substance supply bins may be constituted by N double bins; the other is composed of N-1 double bins and 2 on both sides.
  • the 2N + 1 spaced-apart two reaction material supply bins are sandwiched by 2N membrane electrodes 3 and current collecting plates 7, 9 on both sides thereof, constituting the entire fuel cell.
  • N is a natural number.
  • it When it is zero, it constitutes the simplest structural form of the present invention, that is, a double bin with another reactive substance supply bin sandwiched between two single bins of one reactant substance supply bin, and two films on both sides of the double bin.
  • the electrodes 3 share a reactive material supply chamber, and the voltage generated by the two membrane electrodes 3 is connected in series through the connection of the current collecting plates 7 and 9.
  • the two reactive substances of the present invention can be divided into an oxidizing substance and a fuel substance.
  • the oxidizing substance can be air, pure oxygen, and the like, and the fuel substance can be pure hydrogen, methanol, ethanol, and the like. Based on considerations such as battery performance, operating conditions, and the nature of the reacting substance, hydrogen and air are used as the reacting substance in the present invention.
  • the two reacting substance supply bins are preferably a hydrogen chamber and an air chamber.
  • the double bins provided between two adjacent membrane electrodes 3 may be double air bins 4 or double hydrogen bins 5 that provide reactive substances to both sides at the same time; single bins provided at both ends of the fuel cell may be only A single hydrogen tank 1 and / or a single air tank 21 that supplies reaction materials to one side.
  • the fuel cell of the present invention includes N dual air tanks 4, N-1 dual hydrogen tanks 5, and two single hydrogen tanks 1 on both sides of the battery. And 2N + 1 spaced 2N membrane electrode 3 sandwiched between two reactive substance supply bins and current collecting plates 7, 9 on both sides thereof; or as shown in FIG. 17, FIG. 18, N Dual hydrogen tanks 5, N-1 dual air tanks 4 and two single air tanks 21 on both sides of the battery, and the 2N + 1 intervals 00227 is composed of 2N membrane electrodes 3 sandwiched between two reactive substance supply bins and current collecting plates 7 and 9 on both sides thereof.
  • a dual air tank 4 is provided between two single hydrogen tanks 1, and the single hydrogen tank 1 and the dual air tank 4 are provided.
  • the two membrane electrodes 3 sandwiched share a double air tank 4, and the voltages generated by the two membrane electrodes 3 are connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting plates 7, 9 on both sides of the two membrane electrodes 3.
  • a double hydrogen chamber 5 is provided between two single air chambers 21, and two membrane electrodes 3 sandwiched between the single air chamber 21 and the double hydrogen chamber 5 share a single hydrogen chamber 5.
  • the electrical connection of the current collecting plates 7 and 9 on both sides of the membrane electrode 3 realizes the series connection of the voltage generated by the two membrane electrodes 3.
  • the current collecting plates 7, 9 of the present invention may be composed of conductive metal sheets as shown in Figs. 3, 5, and 6, or metal meshes as shown in Figs. Since the current collecting plates 7 and 9 are only used for current collecting conduction at this time, and the metal itself is a good conductor of electricity, the current collecting plates 7, 9 are relatively low in cost and the manufacturing process is relatively simple, thereby reducing The cost of the entire battery. In order to ensure that the current collecting plates 7, 9 can work normally in the acidic and humid environment when the battery is working, and have a long service life, the conductive metal sheets or metal meshes constituting the current collecting plates 7, 9 may be resistant to acid. Anti-corrosive surface treatment.
  • the current collecting plates 7 and 9 may be provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 15 so that a single hydrogen tank 1, a single air tank 21, a silent air tank 5 or a silent hydrogen tank 4 are provided.
  • the gas can diffuse to the membrane electrode 3.
  • the current collecting plates 7 and 9 should have a sufficient opening ratio to ensure a sufficient air intake capacity for the fuel cell to work normally.
  • the air inlet hole 15 of the current collecting plate 7 between the single air tank 21 or the double air tank 4 and the membrane electrode 3 may be provided with a side opening.
  • the open deflector 13 forms a structure similar to an open sunroof to increase the air intake.
  • a turbulent flow of gas can be formed in the chamber, which increases the intake air volume and improves the air utilization rate, thereby reducing the thickness of the air chamber and further reducing the overall battery volume.
  • this structure has It is beneficial to keep moisture on the air side of the membrane electrode 3, prevent the moisture from being quickly dissipated into the air, and improve the working environment of the battery.
  • the reactive material supply bins are single air bin 21, double air bin 4, or single hydrogen bin 1, and double hydrogen.
  • the bin 5 no longer has the current collecting and conducting function like the existing bipolar plate, and therefore, it can be made of a high-strength, high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant insulating plastic. Since the weight of the plastic of the same volume is much smaller than the weight of the carbon plate, and it is easy to mold and manufacture, the invention not only simplifies the processing process, reduces the cost, but also greatly increases the weight specific power of the fuel cell.
  • the sides of the single air chamber 21 and the double air chamber 4 are provided with air channels 17 communicating with the air. .
  • the air enters the single air chamber 21 or the air chamber 4 through the hole 17 and diffuses to the membrane electrode 3.
  • the double air chamber 4 and the single air chamber 21 may be provided with supporting ribs 18 sufficient to ensure the strength of the air chamber body to form a grid structure.
  • This structure is not only light in weight, but also has a large air intake, and is beneficial to moisture retention and heat preservation, ensuring the stability of battery operation.
  • the fuel cell may be provided with an air intake passage 19 connected to a hydrogen tank, and hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen tank through the air intake channel 19.
  • the fuel cell stack of the present invention may further be provided with an exhaust passage 20 communicating with the hydrogen tank.
  • the exhaust passage 20 may be in a normally closed state. Before introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen tank through the intake passage 19, the exhaust passage 20 may be opened first, and the air in the hydrogen chamber is exhausted through the exhaust passage 20 to ensure that The purity of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank.
  • the intake passage 19 and the exhaust passage 20 can pass through the components of the entire fuel cell and communicate with the hydrogen tank through a communication port 22 in the hydrogen tank.
  • the single hydrogen tank 1 or the double hydrogen tank 5 may be provided with a plurality of deflectors 23, so that the gas entering the hydrogen tank is evenly diffused to the membrane electrode. 3 on.
  • the membrane electrode 3 of the present invention can be composed of a proton exchange membrane 24 and catalytic layers on both sides thereof. 25 composition.
  • a gas diffusion layer 26 may be provided on both sides of the catalytic layer 25.
  • the gas diffusion layer can also play a role of hydrophobic conductivity at the same time.
  • a sealing structure 27 may be provided on the periphery of the membrane electrode 3 to prevent the reaction materials on both sides from leaking or mixing with each other.
  • the current collecting plates 7 and 9 of different membrane electrodes 3 may be electrically connected through an external wire 8, and the electromotive forces generated by the membrane electrodes 3 are connected in series.
  • connection portion is provided on the upper periphery of the reaction substance supply warehouse single compartment, and the fuel cell is integrated into the connection portion through the connection portion.
  • the connection portion may be a conventional connection structure such as a snap connection structure, an adhesive structure, a screw connection structure, and the like.
  • Mechanical connection structure Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, the connection part provided on the reaction material supply warehouse single compartment may be a connection hole, and the bolt 11 passes through the reaction material supply warehouse single compartment on both sides of the battery stack through a nut. 12Connect it firmly into one.
  • hydrogen and oxygen which are commonly used at present, can be used as the reaction gas of the battery.
  • the supply of oxygen can be obtained directly through the air hole 17 and into the air of the single air chamber 21 or the double air chamber 4.
  • the hydrogen can be obtained from the external hydrogen source of the battery. It enters the single hydrogen tank 1 or the double hydrogen tank 5 through the air inlet channel 19 and the communication port 22, and is provided to the membrane electrode 3.
  • the hydrogen gas entering the hydrogen tank passes through the air inlet holes 15 on the current collecting plates 7, 9 or the mesh on the metal net to reach the membrane electrode 3 adjacent thereto.
  • the hydrogen diffuses through the diffusion layer 26 to the catalytic layer 25 of the proton exchange membrane 24.
  • the hydrogen dissociates into hydrogen ions (protons) and negatively charged electrons, and the hydrogen ions are on the proton exchange membrane 25 Migrate to the cathode to achieve proton conduction.
  • the transfer of protons results in the accumulation of negatively charged electrons in the anode, which becomes a negatively charged terminal (negative electrode).
  • the oxygen in the single air chamber 21 or the double air chamber 4 reaches the other side of the membrane electrode 3 adjacent to it, and the oxygen molecules of the cathode react with the electrons generated by the catalyst excitation, so that the cathode becomes a positively charged terminal (positive electrode). , Which creates a voltage between the negative and positive electrodes.
  • each membrane electrode 3 The voltage generated by each membrane electrode 3 is connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting network 2, the current collecting plates 7, and 9.
  • the two poles When the two poles are connected through an external circuit, electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode to generate electricity; at the same time, hydrogen ions and oxygen ions react to generate water.
  • the battery can maintain the voltage across the fuel cell by continuously supplying hydrogen and oxygen, thereby ensuring the use of the fuel cell.
  • the two reactive material supply bins may each be composed of N double bins and a single bin located on one side, where N is a natural number greater than zero.
  • the two reaction material supply bins may be an air bin and a hydrogen bin, respectively.
  • the fuel cell consists of a single hydrogen tank 1, N spaced air tanks 11 and double hydrogen tanks 21 spaced apart, 2N + 1 membrane electrodes 3 sandwiched between the air and hydrogen tanks, and current collecting plates on both sides thereof 7, 9 constitute. Every two adjacent membrane electrodes 3 share a silent hydrogen tank 5 or a double air tank 4, and the voltage generated by each membrane electrode 3 is connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting plates 7, 9.
  • the fuel cell in this embodiment is a structure of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell is composed of a single hydrogen tank 1, a dual air tank 4, a dual hydrogen tank 5, a single air tank 21, and a sandwich thereof.
  • the three membrane electrodes 3 between the hydrogen chamber and the air chamber and the current collecting plates 7 and 9 on both sides are composed.
  • the voltage generated by each membrane electrode 3 is connected in series through the electrical connection of the current collecting plates 7,9.

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  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une batterie de piles à combustible à membrane échangeuse de protons (MEP), qui comprend au moins deux types de cavités d'alimentation en matériau réactif et une électrode à membrane. Les cavités sont placées de part et d'autre de chaque électrode. Le champ de flux de matériau formé par une cavité placée entre deux électrodes adjacentes est partagé par ces électrodes. Une plaque collectrice est placée des deux côtés de l'électrode, et on établit une liaison en série pour la force électromotrice produite par chaque membrane, via une connexion électrique de la plaque. Selon la configuration décrite pour les cavités, des électrodes non doubles utilisent le même matériau, ce qui réduit le coût de la batterie, augmente le rapport puissance/volume et facilite à la fois la fabrication et la commodité d'utilisation de la batterie. De plus, la liaison en série établie pour la tension de chaque électrode est extérieure à la batterie, ce qui supprime le risque d'une incidence du mauvais fonctionnement d'une pile individuelle sur toute la batterie.
PCT/CN2002/000227 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep) WO2003083986A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB028286855A CN1288787C (zh) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 一种质子交换膜燃料电池堆
AU2002252936A AU2002252936A1 (en) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 A proton exchange membrane fuel cell battery
PCT/CN2002/000227 WO2003083986A1 (fr) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2002/000227 WO2003083986A1 (fr) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep)

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003083986A1 true WO2003083986A1 (fr) 2003-10-09

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PCT/CN2002/000227 WO2003083986A1 (fr) 2002-04-02 2002-04-02 Batterie de piles a combustible a membrane echangeuse de protons (mep)

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1288787C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002252936A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003083986A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2561705A1 (es) * 2014-08-28 2016-02-29 Universidad Nacional De Educación A Distancia Pila con electrolito polimérico

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100369313C (zh) * 2006-02-27 2008-02-13 南京博能燃料电池有限责任公司 质子交换膜燃料电池堆
CN103633346B (zh) * 2013-12-09 2015-12-16 新源动力股份有限公司 一种简化的燃料电池结构
CN115050980A (zh) * 2021-03-08 2022-09-13 上海轩玳科技有限公司 一种质子交换膜燃料电池结构

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5879826A (en) * 1995-07-05 1999-03-09 Humboldt State University Foundation Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
JP2000277123A (ja) * 1999-03-16 2000-10-06 General Motors Corp <Gm> 電気化学電池用の電極及び膜−電極アセンブリ
CN1314010A (zh) * 1998-08-20 2001-09-19 松下电器产业株式会社 燃料电池及其制作方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5879826A (en) * 1995-07-05 1999-03-09 Humboldt State University Foundation Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN1314010A (zh) * 1998-08-20 2001-09-19 松下电器产业株式会社 燃料电池及其制作方法
JP2000277123A (ja) * 1999-03-16 2000-10-06 General Motors Corp <Gm> 電気化学電池用の電極及び膜−電極アセンブリ

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2561705A1 (es) * 2014-08-28 2016-02-29 Universidad Nacional De Educación A Distancia Pila con electrolito polimérico
WO2016030565A1 (fr) * 2014-08-28 2016-03-03 Universidad Nacional De Educación A Distancia Pile à électrolyte polymère

Also Published As

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AU2002252936A1 (en) 2003-10-13
CN1623245A (zh) 2005-06-01
CN1288787C (zh) 2006-12-06

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