WO2003067736A1

WO2003067736A1 - Vehicle-mounted battery charging system

Info

Publication number: WO2003067736A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/001234
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ryosuke Hata
Original assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
Priority date: 2002-02-07
Filing date: 2003-02-06
Publication date: 2003-08-14
Also published as: AU2003244357A1; JP2003235176A

Abstract

A vehicle-mounted charging system comprises a first battery (10), a second battery (20) series-connected to this first battery (10), and an AC dynamo (M/G) for charging these first and second batteries. An intermediate point (15) where the first and second batteries are connected is set at the same potential as one end of the AC dynamo. A first rectifier (D1) which rectifies from the AC dynamo to the plus terminal (+) of the first battery (10) is interposed between this AC dynamo and the first battery. A second rectifier (D2) that rectifies from the minus terminal (-) of the second battery (20) to the AC dynamo is interposed between this AC dynamo and the second battery. An alternating current generated by one AC dynamo is rectified to two kinds of current different in current direction, and the two batteries are individually charged in time-division manner with these rectified currents. This realizes a battery charging system for charging the two batteries with one dynamo.

Description

Description Battery charging technology

The present invention relates to a battery charging system, and more particularly to a battery charging system capable of charging two batteries in a vehicle-mounted battery mounted on a vehicle using a single generator. Background art

Conventional vehicle power supply systems include a grounded power supply system and an ungrounded I ^ original system. Figures 5 and 6 show the configuration of the grounded power system and the configuration of the ungrounded power system, respectively.

As shown in Fig. 5, in a grounded power supply system, a single-line load consisting of only a supply is applied to a high-voltage power supply with a total voltage of V (indicated by a battery power supply in Fig. 5 and also in the following description). Connect L1 to Lk and ground each load to the chassis in common. In this case, in Fig. 5, although the negative terminal (1) of the DC power supply is connected to the chassis and the brush terminal (+) is connected to the load L1 and Lk, there is no particular problem with the polarity of this DC power supply. And not.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 6, in an ungrounded power supply system, loads L1 to Lk are connected to a DC power supply of all voltages V using two wires, supply and return. Therefore, load 1—L k is not grounded to the chassis.

When the chassis is grounded as in the case of a grounding system power supply system, the following provisions are presently defining the DC safety voltage Vo.

Dot standard (VDE 0100/410, VDE 0800/1): 60 volts American standard (SAEJ2232): 65 volts

International standard (Vo I EC in preparation): 55 volts

The voltage V of the DC power supply (battery) of passenger cars currently used is 12 to 14 volts, which is sufficient for the safety voltage Vo described above. Also, some Even in the case of a high-voltage battery that is being put to practical use, the total voltage V is three times the voltage of the working power supply, ie, (12 to 14) X 3 = 36 to 42 volts is considered to be the target.

However, in recent years, as the functions of automobiles have increased and the required power supply capacity has increased, the conventional 12 to 14 volts is too low voltage, and it is necessary to supply sufficient power. However, the load current has increased, and various problems have occurred.

(A) The wire harness for passing current has become significantly thicker and heavier, and the connectors have become larger, making it unsuitable for automotive applications.

(B) When a large-capacity device operates, the voltage drop of the power system increases, causing other devices to malfunction.

(C) Especially large-capacity coolers, etc. will not be able to perform their functions.

(D) If a high-voltage battery of V> Vo is introduced, most of the on-board equipment still operates at V <Vo, and the chassis can be grounded in common. Can not be taken. For this reason, it is necessary to change the power supply to an ungrounded system using two wires, or to generate the necessary low voltage from a high-voltage battery using a DCZDC converter (DCZDC converter).

(E) Cable insulation is designed to earth (ground), that is, the voltage to the chassis. Therefore, since power is supplied at a high voltage to a large-capacity load, the power supply wire harness and connector equipment to this large-capacity load should be as small as possible. desirable. Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system capable of stably supplying power to a group of high-voltage and large-capacity devices as required with a simple configuration and a battery charging system used therein. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage large-capacity equipment group that requires a voltage higher than a safety voltage as necessary while searching for a wire harness and a connector having the lowest possible voltage. Power supply system and battery used for it It is to provide a charging system.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a battery charging system that can charge two types of batteries with one generator.

In summary, the present invention rectifies the alternating current generated by two AC generators into two types of currents having different current directions, and each of the two types of currents divides each of the two batteries in a time-division manner. Charging system.

That is, the battery charging system according to the present invention includes a first battery, a second battery connected in series with the first battery, and an intermediate point at which the first and second batteries are connected to each other. And an AC generator having one end coupled to the same potential.

The battery charging system according to the present invention further includes a first rectifier interposed between the AC generator and the first battery, the first rectifier rectifying from the AC generator toward a positive terminal of the first battery; And a second rectifier interposed between the AC generator and the second battery and rectifying the current from the negative terminal of the second battery toward the AC generator.

A power supply system according to the present invention includes a first battery and a second battery, an intermediate point that is a connection point between the first and second batteries, and an AC generator having one end coupled to the same potential. A first rectifier coupled between the alternator and the positive terminal of the first battery for rectifying from the alternator toward the positive terminal of the first battery; and an alternator and the first battery. A second rectifier that rectifies the current from the negative terminal to the AC generator, and is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery, the midpoint, and the same potential. A first load, a second load coupled between the negative terminal of the second battery and the same potential as the intermediate point, and a second load coupled between the first battery and the second battery. And the third load.

The first rectifier uses a positive current rectified from the AC generator toward the positive terminal of the first battery and a negative current rectified from the negative terminal of the second battery toward the AC generator. The first and second batteries are alternately charged. As a result, two batteries can be charged by one generator. In particular, since the first battery and the second battery are charged in a time-sharing manner, it is necessary to use an AC generator with an output corresponding to the total voltage of these first and second batteries. Dare ,. In particular, by equalizing the voltage of the first battery and the second battery, a simple circuit A configuration can be realized. Even if the voltage after half-wave rectification is applied to the battery and the load, AC power is generated as a buffer ^{; since the} battery is interposed between the load and the load, voltage fluctuations on the load side are suppressed. .

The objects and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a charging system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the AC generator.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a charging system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a power supply system to which the charging system according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a conventional grounding vehicle-mounted power supply system.

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a conventional ungrounded on-vehicle power supply system. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[Configuration of power supply system]

First, a specific example of the power supply system to which the charging system according to the present invention is applied will be described first, and then the configuration of the charging system according to the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the power supply system used in the present invention, a first battery 10 and a second battery 20 are connected in series via a connection point of an intermediate point 15. An intermediate point 15 to which these first and second batteries 10 and 20 are connected, a load 1 11, 1 1 2, 1 lm connected to the first battery 1 ◦, The loads 1 2 1, 1 2 2, '-1 2 n connected to the second battery 20 are commonly grounded to the chassis (assuming an on-board power supply). Loads L1 to Lk are connected between the first and second batteries 10 and 20.

At an intermediate point 15, the entire voltage system of the voltage V is divided by the divided voltage V 1 by the first battery 10 and the The battery is divided into two systems with a divided voltage of V.20. For devices 1 1 1 1 1 1 and 1 2 1-1 2 n operating under the condition V <Vo, power is supplied from each voltage division system through a common connection of the chassis. Here, Vo indicates a DC safety voltage that can be grounded to the chassis.

In this power supply, by setting the voltage values of the divided voltages V 1 and V 2 to 12 to 14 volts or more, the large-capacity on-board equipment 1 1 1— 1 1 m and 1 21— 1 2 n can be operated with a margin.

For equipment that requires a high-voltage, large-capacity power supply with the condition V> Vo, L1 and Lk are grounded to the chassis by appropriately selecting the total voltage V of V1 + V2. Power can be supplied by independent voltage systems.

As described above, equipment that operates under the voltage condition of V <Vo is supplied with power by a grounded power supply system composed of one wire. On the other hand, for equipment requiring high voltage and large capacity under the condition of V> Vo, power is supplied by an ungrounded power supply system consisting of two wires. By changing the configuration of the power supply system according to the required voltage conditions, it is possible to supply power stably to large-capacity on-board equipment with a simple configuration. .

When charging the power supply system as shown in Fig. 4, in accordance with 5) and 5), ACs corresponding to the components Ιΐνΐ and V 2 are generated, and the obtained ACs are converted into DC power by the converter. However, it was thought that there was no other way but to charge the batteries of each voltage division system individually. There are two main reasons.

(1) Divided voltage VI battery (first battery 10) and divided voltage V2 battery (second battery 20) are independent, and cascade (series) grounding part (15) is common Because they are grounded, and

(2) The divided-voltage VI battery (10) and the divided-voltage V2 battery (20) independently supply power to the low-voltage load group (1). 1 lm, 121—12 η). Because the supply and supply have different degrees of discharge and charge (charge depth).

In the charging system according to the present invention, the alternating current generated from one AC generator generates a rectified current in the opposite direction to the first and second batteries 10 and 2 °, and these Alternating 10 and 2nd batteries 20 (2 groups of batteries) To charge. For the first battery, this reverse rectification component is in opposite phase, and the first and second batteries 20 are individually charged in a time-sharing manner. These batteries 10 and 20 can be individually charged even if the charging depths of the batteries 10 are different, and the charging of these batteries 10 and 20 can be prevented from affecting each other. One generator can be used to charge these first and second batteries 10 and 20.

The alternator charges the batteries 10 and 20 with positive and negative components in a time-sharing manner. It is not required to generate a voltage corresponding to the sum of the voltages V] _ and V2 of the batteries 10 and 20.

[Configuration 1 of charging system]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a charging system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This charging system consists of two batteries 10 and 20, and a load connected to these batteries 10 and 20 consisting of a load 1 1 1—lm, 1 2 1—1 211 and 1 ^ 1 1 An alternator MZ G and rectifiers D 1 and D 2 will be added to the supply system. First, before describing the charging system, the configuration and operation of the power supply system will be described.

As described with reference to FIG. 4, this power supply system connects two batteries, a first battery 10 having a divided voltage VI and a second battery 20 having a divided voltage V2, in series. , A total voltage system in which the total voltage V = V 1 + V 2 is formed. This total voltage V depends on the power demanded by the load. !! / (m + n) and V2 = V'nZ (m + n) are divided into m: n to form two voltage division systems. The midpoint 15 where these batteries 10 and 20 are interconnected is commonly grounded to the vehicle chassis.

Loads 11 1, 11 ′ 1, and “·” 1 lm each having one end commonly connected to the chassis are connected to the voltage division system of voltage V 1 using the battery 10 as a power supply. Loads 121, 1 ■ 2n whose one ends are commonly grounded to the chassis are connected to the voltage V2 voltage dividing system that uses the battery 20 as a power supply. Loads Ll and Lk that are not grounded to the chassis are connected to all voltage systems of voltage V.

As already mentioned, even in the case of high-voltage batteries that are being put into practical use in part, the total voltage V is (12 to 14) X 3 in consideration of the DC safety voltage Vo that can be grounded to the chassis. = 36-42 Porto is considered to be the target for the time being.

However, the starter power supply, cooler power supply for the engine, and motor power supply for the four-wheel electric drive are still too low at 4.2 volts, and there is a demand for even higher voltages. On the other hand, considering the convenience, safety and high voltage of most equipment that can be commonly grounded to the chassis, considering the need for high voltage batteries, etc., it is unlikely that a high voltage power supply exceeding 42 Bonoleto will be used. Or, if at all, very complex safety systems need to be devised and adopted.

In the first embodiment, two batteries 10 and 20 (Vl <Vo, V2 <Vo) satisfying the condition of V <Vo and having a voltage as high as possible are provided. And 20 are connected in series, of which the point is 5]. For example, if the absolute value of the battery voltage is V1 = V2 = 42V, V1 = + 42V and ¥ 2 = —42 ¥ by connecting the midpoint 15 to the chassis in common. The electric power supplied from these batteries 10 and 20, respectively, is supplied to the load 11 1 to 1 lm and 121 to 12 n as a voltage that can be commonly grounded to the chassis. (Harness) is provided by only one line, and it is possible to avoid the increase and complexity of power lines. Insulation of these supply wires (wire harnesses) and connectors is only required to support the partial pressures V1 and V2.

For safety reasons, the power supply line on the side shown in Fig.] Only supplies power at voltages V1 and V2 below the dc safety voltage V0. Therefore, the conventional technology can be applied to load short-circuits and supply line short-circuits. However, in the voltage division system of the voltage V1, the power supply line becomes a positive voltage, and in the voltage division system of the voltage V2, the power supply line becomes a negative voltage, so that the load], 11 to 1 lm Or the connection from 121 to 12n is made in consideration of these voltage polarities.

On the other hand, the power supplied from all the voltage systems of voltage V = V1 + V2 obtained by connecting these two systems of batteries 10 and 20 in series is a heavy load that is not commonly grounded to the chassis. It is fed directly from L1 to Lk. In other words, a circuit is composed of two lines, battery supply Z and battery return. However, in this case However, the insulation between the supply wire (wire harness) and its connectors should be, after all, the insulation to the ground (chassis), so that the insulation corresponding to the partial voltages V and V2 is sufficient.

In the case of a two-wire configuration on the i3 plane shown in Fig., When a short circuit occurs between these two wires or when a heavy load L1 to Lk shorts, (a) the voltage V = V1 + V2 (B) If both of these two wires come into contact with the body, the voltage V will be applied to the body, which may cause a danger. Is required. For example, for each wire, it is preferable to arrange a shield wire on the outer periphery or to bundle two wires and arrange a shield wire on the outer periphery, and the shield wire is preferably grounded to the chassis.

As the voltages V 1 and V 2 of the batteries 10 and 20, since these batteries 10 and 20 are used for supplying power to the low-voltage equipment group, batteries of 12 to 14 volts are divided. One example is to use a battery of 36 to 42 volts for the voltage V1 and a battery for generating the partial voltage V2 at a total voltage V = 48 to 56 volts. · Also, as V 1 = V 2 = 36-42 volts, full voltage V = 72-84 volts, you may utilize this full voltage. '

In the above two cases, if the former total voltage V is between 48 and 56 volts, a total of three power supply systems consisting of two voltage dividing systems and one full voltage system can be configured with the conventional safe voltage Vo or less. Has merits. However, for heavy load power supply, the voltage tends to be slightly insufficient. On the other hand, the latter power system can utilize up to 72 to 84 bonoleto, and can provide a more powerful power supply system for heavy load groups.

An AC generator MZG and rectifiers D1 and D2 are combined with the power supply system including such a battery and a load, to realize a battery charging system of the power supply system according to the present invention. .

As shown in Fig. 2, the AC generator MZG transmits torque from the engine to a motor generator (AC generator) MG, and generates AC by the rotation of the AC generator MZG. One end of the generator MZG is grounded to the chassis as shown in FIG. A first rectifier (diode) D 1 is provided between the AC generator MG and the positive terminal of the first battery 1 ◦. Also, the question is about the negative terminal of the AC generator M / G and the second battery 20. Is provided with a second battery 2.0. The first rectifier D 1 rectifies the current from the alternator M / G toward the plus terminal of the battery 10. The second rectifier D 2 rectifies the current from the negative terminal of the second battery 20 toward the AC generator M / G.

The first rectifier D 1 forms a positive pulsating current half-wave rectified from the AC generator MZG toward the positive terminal of the first battery 10, and charges the first battery 10. On the other hand, the second rectifier D 2 forms a negative pulsating current half-wave rectified from the negative terminal of the second battery 20 toward the AC generator MZG, and the second battery 20 is charged. . The charging current waveforms for the first and second batteries 10 and 20 are also shown in FIG.

The first and second batteries 10 and 20 are charged using pulsating currents having different polarities generated by rectifying the alternating current from the alternating current generator MZG. These rectified pulsations have different polarities, and therefore, from these rectified pulsations, batteries 10 and 20 are charged alternately, respectively.]. And 20 can be charged.

In the charging system shown in FIG. 1, the frequency of the AC generated by the AC generator S MZG (related to the engine speed) is not particularly limited, but the voltage VE generated by the AC generator M / G and the batteries 10 and 2 0 relationship between the divided V 1 and V 2 are the, _D to be set so as to satisfy the following relation

V 1 = V 2 = (.1. / 2) ■ In the case of V, it is assumed that a voltage V E suitable for generating the voltage of V 2 is output. By making the voltages V 1 and V 2 of the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 equal, a simple circuit configuration can be realized. This is because even when the voltage after the half-wave rectification is applied to the battery and the load, the battery exists as a buffer between the AC generator and the battery, so that the voltage fluctuation on the load side is suppressed.

V].〉 If the magnitudes of the divided voltages V 1 and V 2 are different from V 2 or VI and V 2, a voltage suitable for charging the higher of the voltages V 1 and V 2 The generated voltage VE of the AC generator MZG is generated at the level. Using appropriate means, the voltage Generate the lower divided voltage from VE.

[Charging system configuration 2]

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the charging system according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, an inductance L 1 is provided between the first rectifier D 1 and the positive terminal of the first battery 10, and the question of the upper end of the parenthesis L 1 and the middle listening point 15 is as follows. Connect capacitors C 11 and C 12 respectively. A resistor R and an inductance L 2 are connected in series between the negative terminal of the second battery 20 and the second rectifier D 2. Inductance L 1. Connect the capacitors C 21 and C 22 between the upper end and the intermediate point 15 respectively.

The resistance R shifts the voltage point at which the second rectifier D2 conducts due to the voltage drop, so that the voltage supplied by the second battery 20 is higher than the voltage V1 supplied by the first battery 10. Lower V2. As described above, since the voltages V1 and V2 have different voltage levels, a voltage VE suitable for charging the higher voltage V1 of the voltages V1 and V2 is output. The means for reducing the voltage VE to the lower voltage V2 is not particularly limited to the resistor R.

Also, on the respective battery sides of the rectifiers D 1 and D 2, so-called LC smoothing circuits such as inductances L 1 and L 2 and capacitors C 11 and C 12 and C 21 and C 22 are formed. . As the smoothing circuit, not only the LC circuit but also an arbitrary configuration such as a CR circuit or an LCR circuit can be used. By providing a smoothing circuit between rectifiers D 1 and D 2 and batteries 10 and 20, the voltage applied to batteries 10 and 20 can be smoothed, and the supply voltage to the batteries changes rapidly. Can be prevented, the load on the batteries can be reduced, and these batteries 10 and 20 can be charged stably.

In particular, the AC generator. The MZG cascade-connects the first battery 10 and the second battery 20 and even if the total voltage is increased, these first and second batteries are It is only required to generate a voltage suitable for charging the battery that generates the higher voltage, and there is no need to arrange a DCDC converter to generate the individual voltages. A power supply voltage at a voltage level can be generated. As described above, according to the present invention, two power supply batteries are connected in series, their connection point is commonly grounded, and a low-voltage drive device is connected to each of the two power supply batteries by one-wire connection. In addition, a heavy-duty device is driven by two-wire connection using the voltages across these two batteries. The two power batteries are charged with rectified currents with different phases. Therefore, two AC power batteries can be charged efficiently by one AC generator. In addition, it is possible to construct a power supply system that supplies the required high voltage while adopting a wire harness and connectors with a low voltage to earth with a simple circuit configuration. Industrial applicability

The power supply battery of the present invention is a vehicle-mounted power supply battery, and can be charged efficiently without complicating the configuration of the power supply system. Therefore, it can be effectively applied to vehicle batteries.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. The first battery (10),

A second battery (20) connected in series with the first battery via an intermediate point (15);

An AC generator (M / G) having one end connected to the same potential as the intermediate point <15>, interposed between the AC generator and the first battery; A first rectifier (D 1) rectifying toward a positive terminal (+) of the first battery, and a second rectifier interposed between the AC generator and the second battery; A battery charger comprising: a second rectifier (D 2) for rectifying from a negative terminal (1) toward the AC generator.

2. The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the supply voltages (V'1, V2) of the first battery (10) and the second battery (20) are the same.

3. If the voltages (V1, V2) generated by the first battery (10) and the second battery (20) are different, the AC generator (MNO G) The battery charger according to claim 1, wherein the battery charger generates a voltage (VE) suitable for charging a battery that generates a high voltage among the batteries.

4. a first smoothing circuit (LI, C11, C12) connected between the first rectifier (D1) and the first battery (10);

The battery charging device according to claim 1, further comprising a second smoothing circuit (C21, C22, L2) connected between the second rectifier (D2) and the second battery (20). Dress

5. It is arranged between the first rectifier (D1) and the first battery (10) and between the second rectifier (D2) and the second battery (20). The battery charging device according to claim 1, further comprising: a step-down element (R) for varying voltages (VI, V2) generated by the first and second batteries (10, 20).

6. The alternator (MZG), the first battery (10) and the second battery (20) are mounted on a vehicle,

2. The pond according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate point (15) is grounded to a chassis of the vehicle.

7. The first battery (10)

A second battery (20) connected in series with the first battery, and an intermediate point (15) that is a connection point between the first and second batteries is grounded to a vehicle chassis. An AC generator (M / G) having one end connected to the same potential as the chassis of the vehicle; an AC generator (M / G) interposed between the AC generator and the first battery; A first rectifier (D 1) rectifying toward a plus terminal (+) of the first battery, and a negative rectifier interposed between the AC generator and the second battery, A second rectifier (D 2) rectifying from the terminal (1) toward the AC generator; a first rectifier having one end commonly connected to a chassis of the vehicle and the other end connected to the first battery; Load (1]. 1,… 1 lm)

A second load (1 2 1,... 1 2 n) having one end commonly grounded to the vehicle chassis and the other end connected to the second battery;

A power supply system comprising: a third load (L: L, --- L 1 k) connected between a positive terminal of the first battery and a negative terminal of the second battery.