WO2003062775A1 - Source lumineuse pour spectroscopie - Google Patents

Source lumineuse pour spectroscopie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003062775A1
WO2003062775A1 PCT/US2003/001352 US0301352W WO03062775A1 WO 2003062775 A1 WO2003062775 A1 WO 2003062775A1 US 0301352 W US0301352 W US 0301352W WO 03062775 A1 WO03062775 A1 WO 03062775A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light source
spectroscopy
light
luminescent material
providing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/001352
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Larry D. Canady
Christopher B. Catterson
Reuben W. Edgar Jr.
Ralph Henry Hill Jr.
Brian Lee Robey
Original Assignee
Hutchinson Technology Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hutchinson Technology Inc. filed Critical Hutchinson Technology Inc.
Publication of WO2003062775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003062775A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/52—Encapsulations
    • H01L33/54—Encapsulations having a particular shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
    • H01L33/507—Wavelength conversion elements the elements being in intimate contact with parts other than the semiconductor body or integrated with parts other than the semiconductor body

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of medical instrumentation and more specifically to spectroscopy instruments.
  • Spectroscopic applications for the medical field are proliferating rapidly and the need for a good white light source exists. Desirable characteristics of the white light source are that it should not produce too much heat and that it should be capable of being modulated.
  • a broadband light source is necessary which covers a wider spectral range than can be covered by a single LED. If several LED's are used, then there are gaps between the wavelength coverage.
  • Luminescence includes both fluorescence, which is the relatively fast output, and phosphorescence, which is the relatively slow output. Typical fluorescence lifetimes are 10 "6 seconds, whereas phosphorescent lifetimes are in seconds.
  • the present invention is a light source for a spectroscopy instrument.
  • the light source in a first embodiment, includes a light source and a block of translucent material.
  • a luminescent material is formed within the block to pump the wavelength of the light source up to a desired range of wavelengths when the light source pumps light into the block.
  • a surface opposite a tissue engaging surface of the block may be mirrored to reflect escaping light back into the patient.
  • Other surfaces, except for a light receiving surface that receives light from the light source, may be metalized to further prevent light from escaping.
  • the spectroscopy light source includes a light source, a block and a light fiber for carrying light from the light source to the block.
  • the light fiber is formed with the luminescent material to produce pumped light at the block.
  • the light source is preferably an LED, laser or a diode laser operating at 680 nm.
  • the luminescent material preferably produces light in the range from 600 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the luminescent material even more preferably produces light in the range from 720 nm to 850 nm when pumped by light at 680 nm.
  • Figure 1 is a graph of the wavelength response of selected dyes at a range of light input frequencies.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a first light source of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a second light source of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a graph of the response of Cadmium Sulfide as a function of wavelength for a pump wavelength of 670 nm.
  • Figures 5A-D are plan views of LED light sources according to the present invention.
  • the pump source such as a laser, plasma discharge source and the like.
  • the selection of a light source may be dependent on the application in which the light will be used.
  • the light produced in the present invention will be between 600 nm and 1000 nm. Even more preferably, the light will be between 720 nm and 850 nm.
  • Two parameters of interest are the speed at which modulation may be done and also efficiency. If the desired light source needs to be modulated, then the pump source and resulting light may need to be rapidly modulated, e.g. a LED pump could be easily modulated, whereas an incandescent or chemical light source cannot be easily modulated on and off. If over-all efficiency is a concern, then the pump wavelength needs to be matched to the luminescent compound absorption. There are no strict rules about this. Generally the pump wavelength should be about 100 nm below the desired wavelength band. However, sometimes much shorter wavelength pumps are more efficient.
  • UV pumping could be used for some near infrared (NIR) dyes, whereas red (670 nm) may be more efficient. Cost of the LED pump and dye combination may also be of practical importance.
  • the pump wavelength will always be shorter than the luminescent compound output. For example, 670 nm pumping of a 700 nm to 850 nm dye, the pump wavelength is shorter (lower) than the output. Light sources with long wave infrared outputs would not be appropriate. This is due to the infrared wavelength being longer than the desired near infrared output. As a further example, a C0 2 laser at 10 ⁇ m would not be appropriate to pump a near infrared dye at 700 nm to 850 nm.
  • LED's or laser diodes are the most economical approach for the pump beam.
  • the capability to modulate the pump is important for a number of reasons: 1) to increase the signal to noise ratio of the detected signals; 2) to allow for radiative lifetime measurements of drugs or blood components which can be used to determine drug distributions or concentrations in tissue; 3) to keep average power low while using higher peak power; 4) to make lock-in detection techniques possible so interference from room lights can be eliminated; and 5) to make photon decay measurements possible which allows for density measurements.
  • Figure 1 shows a graph of relative energy output of many argon-ion and krypton-ion pumped dyes available from the Exciton Co. There are very many possible dyes, and this one is only suggested as one possibility. Its robustness, solubility and stability are all considerations, as well as quantum efficiency. (The best situation would be one photon out for each photon in, i.e. 100% quantum efficiency). As examples, ntirogen-pumped dyes and dyes known in the art as "infrared dyes" would also be useful in the invention.
  • CdS cadmium sulfide
  • various compounds based on CdS may be used.
  • Other compounds having desired luminescent characteristics may also be used such as metal salts, metal sulfates, organic and metalorganic compounds.
  • a spectrum of the LED-induced fluorescence of CdS is shown in Figure 4.
  • the spectroscopy light source 10 is made from block 12 and light source 14.
  • the block 12 is made by dissolving the dye, in a 3mM concentration, in a substantially clear material such as Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA )or the like.
  • PMMA Polymethylmethacrylate
  • the actual concentration of the dye is experimentally determined based upon the dye absorption and the method of calculation of the concentration to use is well known in the art.
  • the solution could be left as a liquid surrounded by a container or can be dissolved into a material which would become a solid. In some circumstances, the solid is the better approach as then leakage of the dye is not an issue.
  • the shape of the block shown here is a rectangular shape, any shape will work that allows for a substantially flat surface 19 to face the tissue 20.
  • the block may be shaped to fit against tissue at desired locations. Additionally, the surface 19 may be made out of a pliant material so that it can successfully be applied to many different shapes and sizes of tissue surface.
  • a light source 14 Proximate to one surface of block 12 is a light source 14.
  • the light source is preferably an LED, a laser or a diode laser. In the present case, an LED operating at 680 nm is preferred.
  • an LD700 type dye with a 680 nm pump LED the continuous relative energy output from approximately 720 nm to 850 nm is useful for the tissue spectroscopy.
  • surface 16 is made into a mirrored surface to reflect any light that would otherwise escape this surface back toward the tissue.
  • Surface 18 may be made by metalizing the block from the outside. Additionally, the block could be shaped to maximize the pumping effect.
  • Spectroscopy light source 100 is made from light guide 102 impregnated with a selected dye and light source 106.
  • Light source 106 again is preferably an LED, a laser or a diode laser.
  • Light guide 102 is made from a light fiber 104 and a block 105.
  • the light fiber and the block may be constructed from PMMA.
  • Either the light fiber 104 or the block 105 may be constructed with the selected dye, here the LD700 dye in a 3mM concentration.
  • a large diameter fiber would be especially useful, such as a 1-mm diameter PMMA plastic fiber, or a glass fiber bundle.
  • the light fiber 104 can be joined to the block 105 using, for example, a number of well-known methods including UV curing optical epoxy, fusion splicing or simple butt coupling. Additionally, the block may not be necessary if the dye is dispersed along the fiber. The block 105 is then used to put the light source in contact with the tissue 120.
  • FIGS 5 A through 5D show possible structures for placing the luminescent compound adjacent to the LED structure.
  • an LED structure 500A is shown.
  • the package 505A along with the lens 535A encloses the active portions of the LED.
  • the electrode connection or post 520A is supported inside the package by support 510 A.
  • Semi-conductor material 525 A is supported by the post 520 A.
  • An electrode connection or wire 515 A provides a current path along with post 520A for the semi-conductor material 525A.
  • Lens 535A allows light generated by energization of the semi-conductor material 525 A to radiate outside the package 505 A.
  • Inside surface 506A may be formed as a parabolic reflector to increase the intensity of the light being emitted. So far, this has been a description of a standard LED.
  • the luminescent compound 630A is placed directly on a surface of the semiconductor material 525A.
  • the luminescent compound 530B is formed to be supported between the semi-conductor material 525B and the lens 535B.
  • the lens 535C is formed with the luminescent compound 530C being incorporated therein.
  • the luminescent compound 530D is placed on the lens 535D, outside the package 505D.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une source lumineuse d'unité de spectroscopie permettant de mesurer un tissu, qui comprend un bloc destiné à coopérer avec ledit tissu et une source lumineuse. Le bloc est formé de matière translucide. La source lumineuse est positionnée à proximité immédiate du bloc soit directement soit par utilisation d'une fibre lumineuse. Elle produit une lumière à longueur d'onde unique ou dans une petite gamme de longueurs d'onde plus courtes que la gamme désirée de longueurs d'onde à produire à l'aide de la source lumineuse pour l'unité de spectroscopie. Une matière luminescente est placée dans le chemin lumineux situé entre la source lumineuse et le tissu afin de produire la longueur d'onde de lumière désirée lorsqu'elle est pompée par la source lumineuse.
PCT/US2003/001352 2002-01-17 2003-01-17 Source lumineuse pour spectroscopie WO2003062775A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35009102P 2002-01-17 2002-01-17
US60/350,091 2002-01-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003062775A1 true WO2003062775A1 (fr) 2003-07-31

Family

ID=27613363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2003/001352 WO2003062775A1 (fr) 2002-01-17 2003-01-17 Source lumineuse pour spectroscopie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US6836502B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003062775A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3201583A4 (fr) * 2014-09-29 2017-11-22 Innovative Science Tools, Inc. Source de lumière proche infrarouge à large bande à semi-conducteur
WO2020030421A1 (fr) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spectromètre et procédé d'étalonnage du spectromètre

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050083986A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 Eastman Kodak Company Light-emitting diode pumped laser and method of excitation
US8417959B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2013-04-09 Southwest Research Institute Biometric device based on luminescence
US20100317949A1 (en) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-16 02 Medtech, Inc. Optical coupler for non-invasive spectrophotometric patient monitoring
US7884933B1 (en) 2010-05-05 2011-02-08 Revolutionary Business Concepts, Inc. Apparatus and method for determining analyte concentrations
US9775545B2 (en) 2010-09-28 2017-10-03 Masimo Corporation Magnetic electrical connector for patient monitors
WO2012050847A2 (fr) 2010-09-28 2012-04-19 Masimo Corporation Appareil de surveillance du degré de conscience avec oxymètre depth of consciousness monitor including oximeter
US10154815B2 (en) 2014-10-07 2018-12-18 Masimo Corporation Modular physiological sensors
US10473581B2 (en) 2017-08-09 2019-11-12 Raytheon Company Irradiation of lead based quantum dots to generate near infrared phosphorescence as part of a compact, thin profile, on-demand calibration source
US10711188B2 (en) 2017-09-21 2020-07-14 Raytheon Company Process for producing quantum dots having broadened optical emission
US11248953B2 (en) 2019-09-11 2022-02-15 Raytheon Company Broadband calibrator from visible to long wave infrared

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USH1364H (en) * 1993-06-03 1994-10-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fluorescent fiber diagnostics
US5427817A (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-06-27 University Of California Process for manufacturing an auto-collimating scintillator and product produced thereby
US5534997A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-07-09 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Gmbh Raman spectrometer using a remote probe with enhanced efficiency
WO1997050132A1 (fr) * 1996-06-26 1997-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant a semi-conducteur luminescent avec element de conversion de la luminescence
WO1999013303A1 (fr) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-18 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Capteur de gaz
EP0936682A1 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1999-08-18 Nichia Chemical Industries, Ltd. Dispositif electroluminescent et dispositif d'affichage
US6160828A (en) * 1997-07-18 2000-12-12 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser

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WO1994012096A1 (fr) 1992-12-01 1994-06-09 Somanetics Corporation Capteur pour oxymetres optiques cerebraux destine a un patient
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US5966393A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-10-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Hybrid light-emitting sources for efficient and cost effective white lighting and for full-color applications
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USH1364H (en) * 1993-06-03 1994-10-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fluorescent fiber diagnostics
US5427817A (en) * 1993-11-02 1995-06-27 University Of California Process for manufacturing an auto-collimating scintillator and product produced thereby
US5534997A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-07-09 Bruker Analytische Messtechnik Gmbh Raman spectrometer using a remote probe with enhanced efficiency
WO1997050132A1 (fr) * 1996-06-26 1997-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant a semi-conducteur luminescent avec element de conversion de la luminescence
EP0936682A1 (fr) * 1996-07-29 1999-08-18 Nichia Chemical Industries, Ltd. Dispositif electroluminescent et dispositif d'affichage
US6160828A (en) * 1997-07-18 2000-12-12 The Trustees Of Princeton University Organic vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
WO1999013303A1 (fr) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-18 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Capteur de gaz

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SOPER S A ET AL: "NEAR-INFRARED, LASER-INDUCED FLURESCENCE DETECTION FOR DNA SEQUENCING APPLICATIONS", IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, US, vol. 2, no. 4, 1 December 1996 (1996-12-01), pages 1129 - 1139, XP000694382, ISSN: 1077-260X *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3201583A4 (fr) * 2014-09-29 2017-11-22 Innovative Science Tools, Inc. Source de lumière proche infrarouge à large bande à semi-conducteur
WO2020030421A1 (fr) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spectromètre et procédé d'étalonnage du spectromètre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030181805A1 (en) 2003-09-25
US6836502B2 (en) 2004-12-28

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