WO2003060364A1

WO2003060364A1 - Method and system for propelling a sliding body by means of a bi-directional, linear magnetic drive

Info

Publication number: WO2003060364A1
Application number: PCT/EP2002/000471
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans-Joachim Krokoszinski; Andreas Kahnert; Wolfgang Waldi; Rolf DISSELNKÖTTER
Original assignee: Abb Patent Gmbh
Priority date: 2002-01-18
Filing date: 2002-01-18
Publication date: 2003-07-24
Also published as: US6933639B2; AU2002240913A1; NO329150B1; US20040263004A1; BR0215508A; DE50204564D1; EP1466117A1; NO20042889L; BRPI0215508B1; EP1466117B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for propelling a sliding body (100) by means of a bi-directional, linear magnetic drive (180) comprising at least one first actuator (11, 12, 13, 14) and a second actuator. The first actuator(s) (11, 12, 13, 14) is/are provided with at least one coil (72, 73, 74, 75) and a yoke (20, 60) and interact(s) with at least one armature ring (22, 62), which subjects the sliding body (100) to an alternating motion, the sliding body (100) being axially displaced and then locally locked by the armature ring or rings (22, 62), which is or are rotated by the impingement of the second actuator(s). Said sliding body (100) is displaced in stages in this manner until it has reached its respective final position. The invention also relates to a system for carrying out said method.

Description

Method and arrangement for driving a thrust body by means of a bi-directional linear magnetic drive

description

The invention relates to a method for driving a thrust body by a bidirectional linear magnetic drive and an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention.

For drilling at very great depths, e.g. Oil drilling places special demands on the components and systems used: temperatures of up to 225 ° C, pressures up to 700 bar and corrosive atmosphere cause extreme design conditions for the technology used. The space available for a component is given by the production or conveyor pipe and therefore limits the possibilities for the construction of this component.

For this reason, throttle valves in such bores are today mostly driven by hydraulic systems. These can apply the high required actuating forces of approx. 25000 N and carry out the actuating movement of typically 200mm. The Druckfluidversorguπg is particularly difficult in multilateral holes with branches in the side arms. Long oil supply lines for this hydraulic system with temperature differences must be mastered: for example, typical temperature values are 200 ° C in a deep well, 4 ° C on the seabed and -20 ° C at the production site or production platform. These temperature differences cause uneven material stretching, which is a common cause of breakdowns.

A conventional actuator for such a throttle valve typically has no more than five positions, namely closed, ¹ Λ open, V2 open,% open and open, so that only a correspondingly rough regulation is possible. In addition, a lifespan of at least ten years and high reliability are often required in such applications.

If electrical drives are used here, for example stepper motors, for better controllability, the required driving force can only be applied via a gear due to the limited space available in the bore. The number of components, especially those of the moving parts, that this drive system has and has a negative impact on the reliability of this drive alternative.

The object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned which drives a thrust body without limiting the thrust path and thereby realizes high thrust forces such as are required, for example, for adjusting a valve in deep holes for oil production. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to provide an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention, which works with high reliability and service life and has a simple and robust construction.

These objects are achieved by the method according to the features mentioned in claim 1 and by the arrangement with the features mentioned in claim 8.

Accordingly, it is proposed according to the invention to carry out the method for driving a thrust body by means of a bidirectional linear magnetic drive with at least one first and one second actuator each, the at least one first actuator being provided with at least one coil and a yoke and cooperating with at least one armature ring which alternately loading the thrust body strikes by axially displacing the thrust body from the at least one anchor ring, which is rotated by the at least one second actuator acting thereon, and then fixing it locally, the thrust body being shifted in steps until it has reached its respective end position ,

The drive power is advantageously supplied electrically and is free from the usual mechanical risks of power transmission lines in a hydraulic system. The method makes it possible to move a thrust body in any number of individual steps, for example 1 mm or 2 mm in length. This enables precise control, for example of a valve, according to the step length of a single step, if the thrust body is used as an actuator of the valve. In addition, a particular flow through a pipeline can be set in a particularly simple manner in this way by the thrust body causing a correspondingly exact, predetermined valve position. The bidirectional linear magnetic drive is then operated as a drive for a flow control valve.

An advantageous embodiment of the method can consist in the fact that the anchor ring or the at least one second actuator cooperates with a latching device in such a way that the pushing body is at least locally fixed by the latching device when the anchor ring does not act on the pushing body. This configuration achieves a particularly simple drive and simple coordination of the work steps of the latching device and the anchor ring or the at least second actuator.

The method according to the invention is advantageously simplified if the latching device carries out at least one rotary movement in order to temporarily fix the thrust body locally. In this way it is achieved that the locking device and the at least one anchor ring essentially only perform rotary movements about the longitudinal axis.

However, the latching device can also be moved by at least a third actuator and can then advantageously be controlled independently. An advantageous embodiment of the method is achieved if the thrust body is positively loaded by the at least one first actuator. The axial force transmission between the at least one anchor ring and the thrust body is thereby made possible in a simple manner.

A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the at least one anchor ring cooperates with the thrust body by rotating the at least one anchor ring in a direction of rotation about the longitudinal axis, and in that the latching device brings about a latching which fixes the thrust body in each case until the at least one first actuator acts on the thrust body again.

The at least one second actuator must drive the at least one armature ring in only one direction of rotation.

Another embodiment of the method provides that the at least one anchor ring cooperates with the thrust body by rotating the at least one anchor ring alternately in the directions of rotation about the longitudinal axis, and that the latching device brings about a latching, which fixes the thrust body in each case until the at least one first actuator acts on the thrust body again.

In one embodiment of the method, it is provided here that the anchor ring rotates in the preceding movement step in the opposite direction to its direction of rotation with each rotary movement.

However, it is also conceivable that first some movement steps in one direction of rotation and then several movement steps in the opposite direction of rotation. There are also advantageously no fundamental restrictions that the number of movement steps in one or the other direction of rotation must be the same.

The process can be ended in a simple manner when a certain switch-off criterion is reached. If, for example, a certain number of shift steps are reached after the start of the method, the method is ended. The accumulated total displacement of the thrust body can be easily from the number of Ver ^¬ slide steps and determine the individual to Verschiebeschritteπ assigned shift lengths.

Another way to end the process is to effect a shutdown by means of a signal. A limit switch, for example, advantageously generates such a signal when a certain position of the thrust body is reached.

A useful signal for switching off can also be a corresponding signal from a corresponding distance measurement.

According to the invention, an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention for driving a thrust body by means of a bidirectional linear magnetic drive is proposed, in which arrangement the bidirectional linear magnetic drive has at least one first and one second actuator each, the at least one first actuator having at least one yoke, at least one coil and has at least one anchor ring and is provided for essentially axial movement of the thrust body, the distance between the at least one yoke and the at least one anchor ring being formed as an active air gap, the at least one anchor ring being provided for cooperation with the thrust body, the at least second actuator is provided at least for rotating the at least one anchor ring, and a latching device is provided for temporarily fixing the thrust body.

The required drive energy is provided by an electric drive with a small number of moving components. It is thus achieved that the arrangement according to the invention is correspondingly insensitive to malfunctions in the event of changes in the ambient conditions, requires little maintenance, is robust and operates with high reliability. An advantageous embodiment of the arrangement is provided if the surface of the thrust body is at least partially provided with a holding structure in the area of the surface facing the at least one anchor ring, and if the at least one anchor ring on the surface facing the push body is provided with a counter structure compatible with the holding structure that fits into the holding structure by turning around the longitudinal axis of the anchor ring.

It is particularly advantageous if the thrust body has a cylindrical basic shape. This basic shape favors the rotary movements and simplifies the construction of the anchor ring and its connection to the thrust body.

A tubular basic shape of the thrust body is also advantageous because this shape is often required, particularly in boreholes for the extraction of raw materials. Here, an outer production pipe together with a transport pipe guided in it forms an annular space in which the components required in the borehole are accommodated. It is therefore advantageous to make the thrust body tubular.

The holding structure has first recesses parallel to the axis. The axial movement of the counter structure can take place in these first recesses. These first Ausnehmungeπ are often made advantageously grooves or slots from a manufacturing point of view.

In addition, the holding structure has second recesses in the radial direction, for example also in the form of grooves or slots. The counter structure engages in the second recesses due to the rotary movement. In one movement step, the entire drive power of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive is transmitted via the counter structure into the holding structure on the thrust body or vice versa.

According to the invention, the holding structure and the counter structure are particularly mechanically stressed and must be designed accordingly, optionally with materials other than the holding structure or the counter structure. A counter structure and holding structure made of stainless steel has proven to be advantageous. Stainless steel is only weakly magnetic and is therefore unsuitable as a material for the at least one anchor ring. A counter structure, which is made of stainless steel, is firmly connected to the at least one anchor ring according to the invention. Then the advantages of the magnetic material and the advantageous mechanical properties of the stainless steel are combined with one another for this configuration of the at least one anchor ring. A nut or reversing nut is particularly advantageously used as the counter structure.

The counter structure can also be molded onto the at least one anchor ring.

According to the invention, the location of the point at which the holding structure and the counterstructure interlock play only a subordinate role. This location can, at least partially, be provided outside the section of the longitudinal axis, for example according to the available space, in which the at least one anchor ring is provided.

If particularly high driving forces are to be applied as required, the number of first actuators can advantageously be increased. The anchor rings are then arranged in such a way that they jointly transmit or absorb forces to the thrust body. The design of the first actuators can therefore remain the same. A restricted space or annular space for the drive is advantageously taken into account in this way. Only the number of the first actuators has to be adapted to the drive requirement. There is therefore advantageously no restriction of the maximum thrust force on the part of the first actuators.

Redundancies can also be designed in a particularly simple manner.

For example, if mechanical redundancy is required for safety reasons, the number of required first actuators is simply selected first. Accordingly, there is redundancy if the selected number of first actuators is selected to be at least one higher than is required by design. The redundancy increases accordingly if the number of first actuators is increased further. If electrical redundancy is required, the number of first actuators must also be increased beyond the number required by design, which is easily possible in the same way.

Mechanical and electrical redundancy can advantageously be easily achieved with the same procedure as for the first actuators for the second actuators for the radial drive of the components.

According to the invention, the locking device is mechanically coupled to the rotary movement of the at least one anchor ring. The coupling takes place, for example, mechanically to at least one anchor ring or to the at least one second actuator.

If the at least one anchor ring then rotates, for example with the counter-structure, into the holding structure, the latching device advantageously also moves automatically into a position in which an axial movement of the thrust body is made possible. If the counter-structure then rotates out of the holding structure again, the latching device also moves with it and arrives in a different position in which axial movement or provision of the thrust body is prevented.

Another possibility is a separate drive for the locking device by means of at least one third actuator. Then there are inevitably a total of at least three actuators or drives.

It is also conceivable that all actuators are redundant, for example the latching device is equipped with redundant second actuators and the at least one armature ring is equipped with redundant first actuators.

The position of the thrust body can advantageously also be made visible by means of a display. The signals received by such a display are generated by a pedometer, a displacement transducer or other signal transmitters which are suitable for measuring, determining or calculating positions. Since the bidirectional linear magnetic drive is also used in particular under extreme environmental conditions, the first, second and possibly the third actuators are advantageously encapsulated in such a case.

This prevents the ingress of dirt or other foreign matter that may have a negative impact on the operation of the arrangement.

If the bidirectional linear magnetic drive is operated under high ambient pressure in aggressive or contaminated media, a movable sealing wall for encapsulation proves to be favorable according to the invention. The pressure difference between the encapsulated area and the surroundings can then be compensated for by the movement of an almost rigid or expansion of a flexible or stretchable sealing wall. The penetration of dirt particles or an aggressive medium into the bidirectional linear magnetic drive is avoided in this way.

If the sealing wall is almost rigid and inflexible, it can be made movable overall by moving it on a sliding surface, for example parallel to the longitudinal axis, and optionally guiding it. Then a sliding seal between the movable sealing wall and the sliding surface proves to be useful equipment to prevent dirt from entering the encapsulated area, but at the same time to allow the movement of the sealing wall.

If the ambient pressure rises, a correspondingly larger pressure compensation must take place with a correspondingly larger compensation volume.

The expansions or the necessary movements of the sealing wall become particularly small if, according to the invention, the encapsulation, that is to say the entire encapsulated area, is filled with a liquid medium.

In particular, a high-temperature-resistant oil is advantageously used in the capsule because, in addition to the pressure, it can also withstand the often high temperatures. The permanent magnets used in the actuators, in particular in the at least first actuators, are preferably made of hard magnetic material in order to obtain the widest possible hysteresis loop. AINiCo is particularly suitable as a hard magnetic material.

For arrangements which are used under extreme environmental conditions, in particular at high ambient temperatures, the Curie temperature of the hard magnetic materials used has values which are higher than 600 ° C. in order to avoid demagnetization or a short service life.

In contrast, in particular the at least one armature ring and the yoke of the first actuators are made of soft magnetic materials, in particular also RNi12. These materials reduce magnetization losses and achieve an advantageously high saturation induction.

According to the invention, there are several options for powering the drives.

A particularly compact design of the power supply is achieved if only one power supply unit supplies the existing drives with power.

It is conceivable that several power supplies are available. A power supply unit then supplies, for example, the at least one first actuator and a further power supply unit the at least one second actuator for the rotary movement and so on.

In a further advantageous embodiment, each first, second or third actuator receives a power supply unit which is assigned only to it. This increases the security of the power supply, thus reducing the probability of failure.

Redundancy also makes sense for the network devices. Accordingly, there will be at least one more power supply unit than is necessary from the electrical design point of view. If a power supply unit fails, also temporarily, for example due to overheating, can switch a control device to the redundant power supply. Continued operation without interruptions is guaranteed.

If a particularly secure operation or a particularly high availability is to be achieved, correspondingly more power supplies are added to the arrangement, for example until each actuator is equipped with two power supplies.

In an advantageous embodiment, the control device can coordinate all movement sequences of the actuators and components of the arrangement. The control device is also advantageously equipped when signals are generated or processed and calculations are carried out by the latter.

From the VDI Progress Reports, Series 8, No. 547 "Investigation of the System Dynamics of a Fault-Tolerant Electro-Hydraulic Actuator with Direct Drive Valve" by Dipl.-Ing. Uwe Klingauf, Taufkirchen, an electromagnetic drive for aircraft construction is known which has a high driving force The drive transmits the force to an axis, which is deflected accordingly by approximately 0.8 mm. The deflection acts via a main control valve on a hydraulic force stage, which ultimately is the control element of the regulation.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the further subclaims.

The invention, advantageous refinements and improvements of the invention, and special advantages of the invention are to be explained and described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Show it:

1 is a sketchy sectional view of the area around an air gap, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through an arrangement of first actuators, 3 is a view of a section through the plane AA through a first actuator,

4 shows a three-dimensional view of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention,

5 A-F sketches that correspond to the various work steps of the method according to the invention,

6 shows a three-dimensional view of a magnetic drive of a detent element and

Fig. 7 is a view of a longitudinal section through an exemplary arrangement according to the invention.

1 shows a sketchy sectional view of the area around an air gap 24 between a yoke 20 and an armature 22 of an air gap area 10 in a bidirectional magnetic drive. The armature 22 and the yoke 20 have the material thicknesses 26, specifically in the direction of their expansion between the correspondingly assigned upper sides 28 and 30 and their lower sides 32 and 34, respectively. The flat side surfaces, to be seen as side lines in FIG. 1, of the yoke 20 and of the armature 22, which face each other, are at a constant distance 36 and have an angle to the perpendicular of the upper sides 28, 30. The side lines of the opposite side surfaces , have a length 40, which is by the factor of the reciprocal of the cosine of the angle (greater than the material thickness 26 of the yoke 20 or the armature 22). A maximum thrust path 42 in the direction of the spatial position of the upper sides 28, 30 results as the constant distance 36 of the opposite side surfaces multiplied by the factor of the reciprocal of the cosine of the angle α, so FIG. 1 shows the position of the yoke 20 and the armature 22 relative to one another at which they are at a maximum distance from one another the magnetic force between the yoke 20 and the armature 22 decreases. The angle α can be selected by a suitable choice e force effect can be at least partially compensated for. For maximum thrust distances of 42 to 2 mm, the maximum force is at an angle α of 0 ° or close to this value. If you choose a value greater than 42mm for the maximum thrust stroke, the particularly favorable value of the angle α rises to 45 °, possibly also to even higher values.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view longitudinally through four first actuators 11, 12, 13, 14 of a bidirectional magnetic drive, which are arranged in an annular space between an outer tube, for example a borehole tube, and an inner tube 46, for example a production tube.

In the sectional view, the axis of symmetry of the rotationally symmetrical arrangement is shown as the line of symmetry 48 of the longitudinal section. The inner tube 46 has an outer diameter 50. The inside width of a transport tube 52 is just slightly larger than the outer diameter 50 and the surface facing the inner tube, the inside, is designed to be smooth so that it can be moved on and over the inner tube 46 , The outside of the transport tube 52 has a holding structure 54 which has transverse grooves 56 with a rectangular profile in the radial direction and longitudinal grooves in the axial direction, which are not shown, however. In the area of the further actuators 11, 12, 13, 14, a counter-structural element 58 engages in the holding structure of the transport tube 52. The sectional view shows that the contours of the counter-structural element 58 facing the transport tube are precisely matched to the holding structure 54 and therefore the Cross grooves 56 in this area are completely filled with the counterstructure element 58. The structural element 58 is essentially a tube section whose surface, which faces the holding structure 54, is contoured as described, is smooth on its outer jacket side and is connected to each of the anchor rings 62 of the first actuators 11, 12, 13, 14. The anchor rings 62 of the first actuators 11, 12, 13, 14 are ultimately non-positively connected to one another by means of the counter-structure element 58 and in this way form a jointly acting overall anchor ring. It is easily conceivable that, instead of the overall anchor ring formed with the anchor rings 62 and with a counter-structural element 58, such an overall anchor ring is provided from one element.

All four first actuators 11, 12, 13, 14 are of identical design and are arranged close to one another, completely taking up the available annular space between the outer tube 44 and the transport tube 52. The first actuators 11, 12, 13, 14 is accordingly of a ring-shaped, concentric and symmetrical design with respect to a line of symmetry 48.

An essential element of a first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14 is a yoke ring 60, which is designed as a hollow body, and in this way forms the outer shell of the first actuator 1 1, 12, 13 or 14. In this respect, the further yoke 60 also forms the lateral boundary between the inside of the first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14 and the surrounding annular space. The further yoke ring 60 is chamfered on both side parts pointing in the axial direction on the side facing the transport tube 52 at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the center of the inside of the first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14. This phase begins at a distance of approximately a quarter of the annulus height from the inner diameter of the first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14. The outer shell formed by the further yoke ring 60 is only open at one point, namely on the surface facing the transport tube 52. In this area there is an opening which is ring-shaped due to the geometry and is delimited by the chamfered flanks of the yoke ring side regions. In this opening, the armature ring 62 of the first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14 is fitted in an annular manner. A small gap 64, 65 is present between the armature ring 62 and the flanks of the yoke ring 60. These gaps 64, 65 enable the movement of the armature ring 62 in the axial direction and the length of the path between the armature ring 62 and yoke ring 60 in the axial direction determines the maximum executable movement step of the first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14.

The armature ring 62 is formed symmetrically to an imaginary plane of symmetry, which extends exactly centrally in the respective first actuator 11, 12, 13 or 14 in the axial direction and is perpendicular to the line of symmetry 48. The anchor ring 62 has on its side facing the transport tube 52 two shaped parts 66, 67 which have approximately the shape of a 90 ° bend and are arranged such that one leg of the shaped part lies in the plane of symmetry and the other leg, which is level End surface ends, protrudes vertically from the plane of symmetry. Between each end surface and the respective side wall of the corresponding half of the yoke ring 60 there is a permanent magnet ring 68, 69, which has an almost square shape in the sectional view in FIG. 1. In the cavity of the yoke ring 60 between the area with the largest diameter and the permanent magnets 68, 69 there are four coils 72, 73, 74, 75, which are of the same design and occupy the total available space of the cavity in the axial direction on the side bear with the larger diameter on the inside of the yoke ring 60 on the inside and have a certain distance from the boundary surface of the permanent magnet at the location of the largest diameter.

3 shows a view of a section through the plane A-A through the first actuator 13. The position of the plane A-A can be seen from FIG. 2. All the components shown are arranged around a common center 80, the intersection of the line of symmetry 48 with the section plane A-A. The individual components can be seen in this view essentially as annular surfaces between the inner tube 46 and the outer tube 44. The width of the individual ring surfaces are selected in accordance with the design of the components from FIG. 2.

The sectional view of the outer tube 44 is shown as the outermost, first ring. This is followed from the inside outwards by the ring surfaces of the yoke ring 60, the coil 72, a first ring gap 82, the permanent magnet ring 68, a second ring gap 84, again the yoke ring 60, the transport tube 52 and the inner tube 46.

4 shows a three-dimensional view of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention. This embodiment of the arrangement is intended for use in an oil source and drives a throttle valve 90, which limits the flow of oil through a production pipe 92, which is only shown in the area of the arrangement and the throttle valve. This symbolizes that the production pipe 92 continues on both sides of the pipe section shown, namely on the one hand in the direction of the flow to the delivery device of the oil well, for example the production platform, and on the other hand in the direction of another oil well.

The production pipe 92 is provided at its end in the direction of the oil well with recesses 94 in a square shape, which extend over the entire circumference of its lateral surface of the production pipe 92 are distributed. The recesses 94 are arranged in rows along the axis of symmetry of the production tube 94 and still protrude into the region of the throttle valve, so that part of the recesses 94 is covered and the recesses 94 are partially covered in the region of the end of the throttle valve. In this way, unclosed recesses 94 allow a certain oil flow from the environment through the recesses 94 into the interior of the production tube 92.

The throttle valve 90 essentially has a pipe section 96 which is arranged displaceably above the production pipe 92. The pipe section 96 has a clear width that fits just over the production pipe 92. This enables on the one hand the axially parallel displacement of the pipe section 96, on the other hand it prevents oil flow through the recesses 94 which are covered by the pipe section 96. The pipe section 96 is selected to be at least so long that, in the fully closed position of the throttle valve 90, it covers all of the recesses 94 and prevents oil flow through the recesses 94.

The pipe section 96 is connected to a tubular thrust body 100 by means of two connecting elements 98, one of which is visible. Each axial displacement of the thrust body 100 is mechanically transmitted through the connecting elements 98 to the pipe section of the throttle valve 90. Six holding structure elements 102 are evenly distributed over the circumference of the thrust body 100, two of which are visible in this view. The holding structure elements 102 are mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the thrust body 100, have a width corresponding to approximately 20 degrees of the circumference of the thrust body 100 and are parallel to the axis of symmetry of the thrust body and begin or end at a distance from the thrust body ends that is approximately twice that Distance corresponds to its width.

The view of the arrangement also shows a detent cladding tube of a catch 104 and a cladding tube 106 for the first actuators 11, etc., which are tubular as an outer housing, have the same outer diameter and are joined to one another by interposing a sealing element 108. The same outside diameters are adapted to a well pipe, not shown. In the annular space between the notch cladding tube and the thrust body 100, the notch 104 and its at least one second actuator are provided as a drive, the notch 104 being located on the side of the thrust body 100 used for the throttle valve 90. The thrust body 100 protrudes by the amount of approximately one of its outer diameters longer than the sum of the lengths of the notch cladding tube and cladding tube 106 and is arranged approximately centrally around the catch 104 and the first actuators of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive, so that the thrust body 100 has the two end faces of the entire body protrudes from the catch 104 and the first actuators.

The following FIGS. 5A to 5F show sketches that correspond to different steps of the method according to the invention. They show a simplified representation in a flat development of the section through the counter-structure of the structural element 58 and through the holding structure 54 of the transport tube 52. For illustration purposes, an axis cross is shown on the sketches. Its cartesian coordinate axes are aligned so that a vector points to the right in the x-axis direction, corresponding to the radial direction, and a vector points upwards in the y-axis direction, corresponding to the axial direction.

In all sketches, the transport tube 52 has first recesses 110 in the x-axis direction and second recesses 112 in the y-axis direction on its outer lateral surface. The webs 114 formed by the first and second recesses 110, 112 together form the holding structure 54. The second recesses 112 are arranged parallel to the central axis of the transport tube 52 and have the first width 116. The second width 118 determined by the second recess 112 are evenly subdivided by the first recesses 110 so that webs 114 have a rib-like shape, the first recess 110 between two adjacent webs 114 having a fifth width 130 which is a small amount greater than the web thickness 122 of the webs 114 A rib-like web 114 of web thickness 122 could therefore move straight into the x direction into a first recesses 110 of the width BQ.

In this example, exactly two rows of webs, each with eight such rib-like webs 114, are shown. Each of the rib-like webs 114 has rounded edges, in this view the corners of the webs 114. The first width 116 the second extension Recesses 112 is a small amount larger than the second width 118 of the webs 114. An object of the second width 118 can therefore just move in a second recesses 112 in the y direction.

The structural element 58 of the anchor ring 62 has a similar structure to its counter-structure, with the same dimensions as the elements of the holding structure 54 of the transport tube 52, two longitudinal grooves 124, 125 in the y direction having the fourth width 126, which corresponds to the first width 116, the Structural element webs 128 have the fifth width 130, which correspond to the second width 118, the structural element webs 128 have the structural element web thickness 132, which corresponds to the web thickness 122, and wherein a transverse groove 136 has a sixth width 134, which is accordingly equal to the third width 120 is. Eight webs 114 or structural element webs 128 are shown for each row of webs. For a better distinction between the webs 114 and the structural element webs 128, the cut surfaces of the structural element webs 128 are shown in a homogeneously dark manner.

5 A serves as the starting position for describing the method. The representation of the structural element 58 begins at the zero point of the coordinate system in such a way that a row of the structural element webs 128 with their respective left boundaries just touches the y-axis and the lowest of the structural element webs 128 with its lower boundary just touches the x-axis, the longer sides of the structural element webs 128 are parallel to the x axis.

The row of webs 114 closer to the y axis is arranged centrally in the longitudinal groove 124 between the two rows of structural element webs 128. The webs 114 and the structural element webs 128 are offset from one another in the y direction so that the structural element webs 128 are exactly at the level of the first recesses 110. The two of the webs 114, which are closest to the x axis, start offset at a distance of a third width 120 from the x axis in the positive y direction.

According to the invention, the anchor ring and thus the counter structure is rotated about its axis by a certain angle, for example by 5 °. This direction should be the positive direction of rotation. Corresponds in the development view shown this rotation of a displacement of the counter structure of the anchor ring by a certain amount in the positive x-axis direction, that is to say the radial direction.

5B shows the result of the described shift, which is shown as the first movement arrow 138. The structural element webs 128 are completely in engagement between the webs 114, that is to say in each case in one of the first recesses 110. Only the two of the structural element webs 128 that are closest to the x-axis do not border on any web 114 on your side that points to the x-axis. This arrangement according to the invention creates a type of toothing in which, in this position, the structural element 58 and the holding structure 54 engage in one another such that axial forces, that is to say forces acting in the y-axis direction, are transmitted from the structural element 58 to the holding structure or vice versa. The longitudinal grooves 124, 125 are completely free of webs 114.

The structural element 58 is now moved by the bidirectional linear magnetic drive by one movement step in the y-axis direction according to the inventive method. Ultimately, this also moves the thrust body, here the transport tube 52 in the example in the direction of the y axis.

5C shows the position of structural element 58 and holding structure 54 after this movement step, which is shown as second movement arrow 140. The structural element 58 has been moved by the sum of the third width 120 and the web thickness 122. The holding structure 54 which is in engagement with the structural element 58 has accordingly also been moved by the same amount. The distance between the x-axis and the lowest of the webs 114 has also increased accordingly.

According to the method, the achieved axial position of the holding structure 54 is now secured by at least one catch, which can also be understood to mean a locking device, a bolt and a similar device which in any case prevents the position once reached from being left in the y direction, and the is connected to the holding structure 54 or the thrust body, that is to say the transport tube 52 in the selected example, in such a way that the forces which the holding structure 54 exerts into the would reset gear position to which detents are forwarded. The catch can transmit these forces introduced to, for example, the outer tube 44 and / or the inner tube 46 and can be supported there, so to speak. However, the catch or locking device is not shown in this figure.

The holding structure 54 therefore removes any restoring forces that are present above the catch and cannot be moved back into the previous position.

In the method step that now follows, the structural element 58 is rotated back by the specific angle, that is to say, for example, by 5 ° in the negative direction of rotation.

5D shows the position of the webs 114 and of the structural element webs 128 after this turning back, which is represented by the third movement arrow 142. The counter-structure is moved exactly back to its starting position in the direction of the x-axis, so the structural element webs 128 of the left row just touch the y-axis with their extreme left edges. The position of the structural element webs 128 in the y direction is as in FIG. 5C. Overall, the structural element 58 is in turn located in the longitudinal grooves of the holding structure 54 and is thus freely movable in the direction of the longitudinal groove, that is to say the y direction. The position of the holding structure 54 is unchanged as described in FIG. 5C.

Since the structural element 58 and the holding structure 54 have now disengaged again, the structural element is moved downward in the longitudinal groove of the holding structure 54 by the anchor ring of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive, that is to say in the negative y direction, until it reaches its starting position according to FIG. 5A is.

FIG. 5E shows the position of the structural element 58 and of the holding structure 54, the method step just described being indicated by a fourth movement arrow 144. The structural element 58 is in its starting position, as described in FIG. 5A, and thus again in the position in which the method can start again with its first method step. The holding structure 54 is exactly one web thickness 122 in comparison to the position described in FIG. 5A. like a third width 1 0 shifted in the positive y-axis direction compared to its starting position according to FIG. 5A. This measure corresponds exactly to the length of a movement step of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive. The structural element webs 128 and the webs 114 are accordingly in turn offset from one another in such a way that the webs 114 are exactly at the level of the transverse grooves 136.

According to the invention, the rotary movement can now again take place by the specific angle. The structural element 58 rotates into the holding structure 54 according to the method. Both structures are now involved again.

5F shows the position of the structural element 58 and of the holding structure 54 after the movement step just described, which is indicated by a fifth movement arrow 146. The sketch is therefore essentially the same as that of FIG. 5B with the difference that the holding structure 54 is offset in the y-axis direction by the length of one movement step.

Each time all steps of the method are run through, the holding structure 54 and thus the thrust body advances by exactly one movement step in the y-axis direction until, for example, a predetermined number of cycles of the method have been completed and therefore the thrust body by exactly the length that is required Measure of the certain number of movement steps corresponds to is shifted. For example, a step counter counts each cycle of the method and ends the feed after a predetermined number of steps or cycles.

6 shows a three-dimensional view of a second actuator of a catch element 150, obliquely into a circular pipe section end 154 of an outer pipe section 152, the latter limiting the catch element 150 in its radial extent as a sheathing. At the visible pipe section end 1 54 there are six support elements 156 of an outer support, evenly distributed over the circumference of the pipe section end 150. These support elements 156 have a width of approximately 20 ° of the circular arc and are limited in their outer radius to the inside diameter of the outer tube section 152 and are located with approximately one half of its length, ie its extension in the axial direction of the outer pipe section 152, inside the outer pipe section 152. The other half projects beyond the imaginary end face of the outer pipe section 152. Recesses are arranged approximately centrally in the side parts of the support elements 156 and are arranged in such a way that an annular magnetic core 158 extends through each of the recesses, and thus the support elements 156 are evenly distributed on the magnetic core 158. In the space between each two adjacent support elements 156, a tubular arc-shaped coil 160 is arranged on the partial area of the magnetic core 158 there, which in this view touches the left side of the right of the adjacent support elements 156 and up to a distance of approximately 5 ° Circular arc on the left of the adjacent support elements. The coils, which together with the magnetic core 158 form a magnetic drive, can also move the support elements 156 located on the magnetic core 158 at exactly this 5 °. The support elements 156 furthermore each have an outer support surface 162 which is flat, begins at the outer radial region of the support element 156 and is arranged on the side facing away from the outer tube section 152. On the side of the support elements 156 facing the outer pipe section 152, so that due to the position thereof, is already located inside the outer pipe section 152, an inner support surface 164 is arranged which is flat and is in contact with the end face of a nut 166. The nut 166 has an internal thread, which has longitudinal grooves running parallel to the axial direction of the outer tube section 152, and which thereby makes it possible to screw in a thrust body there, but also to use this catch element 150 for carrying out the method according to the invention.

FIG. 7 shows the view of a longitudinal section through an exemplary arrangement 168 of a bidirectional magnetic drive according to the invention. In this view, a line of symmetry 170 can be seen which divides this view into two halves, one half of which is shown completely. Starting from the line of symmetry 170, a threaded tube 174 of a first length 176 is arranged around a tube 172. At a distance of approximately half the radius of the threaded tube 174 starting from its edges, the threaded tube 174 has a surface structure 178, have the recesses, which are parallel to the line of symmetry 170, which are shown, as well as thread-like recesses, which are not shown for the sake of clarity.

A drive 180 according to the invention is arranged around the threaded pipe 174 and is essentially arranged in a circumferential annular space between a tubular outer housing 182 and the threaded pipe 174. The structure of the drive 180 is seen symmetrically from the end faces of the outer housing 182. Seen from an end face 184, the annular gap between the outer housing 182 and the threaded tube 174 is almost completely closed by an annular cover 186. A support ring 188 is arranged at the contact point between the cover 186 and the outer housing 182. The symmetrically arranged second support ring on the other side of the symmetry of the drive 180 is designed as a clamping ring in order to clamp the components located between the two support rings together.

A contact element 190 is arranged in contact with the support ring 188 and in this view is essentially U-shaped, the open side facing the threaded tube 174. On the inside of the leg of the connecting element facing the support ring, a locking element 192 is arranged, which serves as a catch for a direction of movement of the threaded tube 174, for example as a backstop. The symmetrically present second locking element is provided as a detent for the opposite direction of movement of the threaded tube 174, accordingly in the example as an advance lock. The structure of the locking element 192 and the second locking element corresponds essentially to the coil 160 on the magnetic core 158 from FIG. 6.

An actuator component 194 connects to the outside of the leg of the connecting element 190 facing away from the support ring 188. Knowing the basic structure of the actuator 1 according to FIG. 2, its individual elements can be functionally recognized in the actuator component 194, a coil element 196 corresponds to one of the coils 72 to 75, a permanent magnet element 198 corresponds to a permanent magnet ring 68 or 69, an armature element 200 corresponds to this Anchor ring 62 and a yoke element 202 correspond to yoke ring 60.

)

Claims

claims

1. Method for driving a thrust body (100) by means of a bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) with at least one first (11, 12, 13, 14) and one second actuator, the at least one first actuator (11, 12, 13, 14) is provided with at least one coil (72, 73, 74, 75) and a yoke (20, 60) and cooperates with at least one anchor ring (22, 62) which acts alternately on the thrust body (100) by the thrust body ( 100) is axially displaced by the at least one anchor ring (22, 62), which is rotated by the at least one second actuator acting thereon, and is then fixed locally, the thrust body (100) being displaced step by step in this way until the latter has reached its respective end position.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor ring (22, 62) or the at least one second actuator cooperates with a locking device (104) such that the thrust body (100) is at least then locally fixed by the locking device (104) when the anchor ring (22, 62) does not act on the thrust body (100).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the latching device (104) carries out at least one rotary movement in order to temporarily fix the thrust body (100) locally.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching device (104) is moved by at least a third actuator.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thrust body (100) by the at least one first actuator (1 1, 12, 13, 14) is positively acted upon.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) with the thrust body (100) together works by rotating the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) in one direction of rotation about the longitudinal axis, and that the latching device (104) brings about a latching which fixes the thrust body (100) in each case until the at least one first actuator (11 , 12, 13, 14) again the thrust body (100).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) cooperates with the thrust body (100) by rotating the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) alternately in the directions of rotation about the longitudinal axis, and that the latching device (104) brings about a latching which fixes the thrust body (100) until the at least one first actuator (11, 12, 13, 14) again acts on the thrust body (100).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gradual displacement of the thrust body (100) is then ended when a certain number of displacement steps is reached or when a signal is used to switch off.

9. Arrangement for performing the method for driving a thrust body (100) by a bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) at least one first (11, 12, 13, 14) and has a second actuator, the at least one first actuator (1 1, 12, 13, 14) at least one yoke (20, 60), at least one coil (72, 73, 74, 75) and at least one armature ring (22, 62 ) and is provided for the essentially axial movement of the thrust body (100), the distance between the at least one yoke (20, 60) and the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) being an active air gap (24, 64, 65) wherein the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) is provided for cooperation with the thrust body (100), the at least second actuator being provided at least for rotating the at least one anchor ring (22, 62), and wherein a latching device (104, 192) temporarily n fixation of the thrust body (100) is provided.

10. The arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one first actuator (11, 12, 13, 14) has at least two permanent magnets (68, 69, 198), the permanent magnets (68, 69, 198) being the unstable magnetic Clamp the at least one anchor ring (22, 62).

11. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the surface of the thrust body (100) in the region of the at least one anchor ring (22, 62) facing surface is at least partially provided with a holding structure (54), and that at least one anchor ring (22, 62) is provided on the surface facing the thrust body with a counter structure that is compatible with the holding structure (54) and that fits into the holding structure (54) by rotating about the longitudinal axis of the anchor ring (22, 62, 200).

12. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the thrust body (100) has a cylindrical or plunger-like basic shape.

13. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the thrust body (100) has an annular or tubular basic shape.

14. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the holding structure (54) has first recesses in the axis-parallel direction of the thrust body (100), which allow a corresponding movement of the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200), and that the holding structure (54) has second recesses in the radial direction of the thrust body (100), which enable a corresponding rotary movement of the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200).

15. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the holding structure (54) has recesses which are substantially helical, which allow a combined axial-radial movement of the anchor ring (22, 62, 200).

16. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the recesses are grooves, slots or thread-like.

17. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that at least the holding structure (54) is made of stainless steel.

18. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the counter structure is adapted to the holding structure (54) that they are provided in the recesses which are radially or helically on the thrust body (100) by a substantially radial movement of the Engage the counter structure or the holding structure (54).

19. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the counter structure, in particular by recesses or grooves running parallel to the longitudinal axis, is designed such that a movement of the counter structure in the holding structure (54) running essentially parallel to the thrust body axis. is possible.

20. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the counter structure with the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200) is fixedly connected or molded onto this.

21. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that the counter structure is made of stainless steel.

22. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 21, characterized in that the counter structure is a correspondingly machined nut (166) or reversing nut.

23. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 22, characterized in that the holding structure (54) and the counter structure are provided radially between the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200) and the thrust body (100).

24. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 23, characterized in that the holding structure (54) and the counter structure are at least partially provided outside the portion of the longitudinal axis in which the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200) is provided.

25. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 24, characterized in that, at least two first actuators (11, 12, 13, 14) are provided, each with an anchor ring (22, 62, 200), which are arranged so that they jointly transmit forces to the thrust body (100) or absorb it.

26. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 25, characterized in that the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180), the at least one second actuator, the thrust body (100) and the latching device (104, 150) in the annular space between an outer tube ( 44) and an inner tube (46, 92) are present.

27. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 26, characterized in that the latching device (104, 150) is coupled to at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200) and whose rotary movements follow accordingly or use the rotary movement as a drive.

28. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 27, characterized in that the latching device (104, 150) is coupled to the at least one second actuator and whose rotational movements follow accordingly or use the rotational movement as a drive.

29. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 28, characterized in that the latching device (104, 150) has at least a third actuator as a drive.

30. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 29, characterized in that at least one pedometer is provided for measuring the individual forward and backward steps and optionally for displaying the position of the thrust body (100).

31. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 30, characterized in that a linear displacement transducer for measuring and optionally displaying the position of the thrust body (100) is provided.

32. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 31, characterized in that a signal of the pedometer, the linear displacement transducer or a limit switch is provided to end the axial movement of the thrust body (100).

33. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 32, characterized in that at least one power supply is provided for the power supply of all or individual electricity consumers.

34. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 33, characterized in that the at least one first actuator (11, 12, 13, 14) is encapsulated against the ambient conditions.

35. Arrangement according to claim 34, characterized in that the encapsulation has a movable sealing wall which is either approximately rigid, but can move or slide along a guide, or is flexible or stretchable until a pressure equalization between the interior of the encapsulation and the environment is made.

36. Arrangement according to claim 35, characterized in that the sealing of the sealing wall against the actuator or the thrust body is achieved by a sliding seal.

37. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 36, characterized in that the space within the encapsulation is filled with a liquid medium

38. Arrangement according to claim 37, characterized in that the liquid medium is high temperature resistant oil.

39. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 38, characterized in that AINiCo is used as the hard magnetic material of the permanent magnets (68, 69, 198) in the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180).

40. Arrangement according to claim 39, characterized in that the hard magnetic material has Curie temperatures of at least 600 ° C.

41. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 40, characterized in that the soft magnetic material for the at least one anchor ring (22, 62, 200) and the at least one yoke made of RNi12 is used.

42. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 41, characterized in that a control device for coordinating the method steps is present.

43. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 1 to 42, characterized in that in the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) over its entire axial extent, a first supply area is provided, in particular by lines from one axial side to a second axial side of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) can be carried out.

44. Arrangement according to one of claims 11 to 43, characterized in that the first supply area is a hollow cylindrical part-shaped recess from the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180).

45. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 1 to 42, characterized in that the inner tube (46) is guided at least in the region of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) off-center in the outer tube (44), and that a second supply area between the outer diameter of the bidirectional magnetic drive (180) and the inner diameter of the outer tube (44), through which in particular lines from one axial side to one second axial side of the bidirectional linear magnetic drive (180) can be carried out.