WO2003036011A2

WO2003036011A2 - Hydraulic pump for extracting fluids from wells

Info

Publication number: WO2003036011A2
Application number: PCT/IB2002/004382
Authority: WO
Inventors: Byron Raúl LOPEZ ROBAYO; Carlos Rómulo LOPEZ ROBAYO
Original assignee: Sertecpet Cia. Ltda.
Priority date: 2001-10-24
Filing date: 2002-10-22
Publication date: 2003-05-01
Also published as: AR036951A4; WO2003036011A3; AU2002339571A1; MXPA04003902A

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic pump which is used for extracting oil from the subsoil using working fluid. According to the invention, the fishing neck comprises a greater section in order to facilitate the extraction of said pump, six inlet holes for the fluid and a built-in filter. The body of the throat is structured in two coaxial pieces, namely the throat housing and the diffuser, thereby eliminating the inner tube that would cover said body and, as a result, increasing the section of the annular space external to the aforementioned pieces. The bottom retainer can be exchanged with, for example, a pressure control valve. Finally, the inventive pump comprises a single outlet which is greater than the discharge body in order to reduce pressure losses.

Description

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Descriptive memory

1. The technological sector to which the invention refers and applies

This type of invention is applicable in the oil industry, specifically for the testing, production and restoration of pressure in oil wells.

2. Previous technology known to the applicant that was useful for the understanding and examination of the invention, and references to previous documents and publications related to said technology

It has been based on the existing technology in the Ecuadorian Amazon and is the most applied worldwide, these are the Jet Pumps: (PUMP-PL-JET CONV FLOW 2_ "x2.812 SEAL BORE F / BAKER" CMD "SSD ) from the Guiberson factory and the (2_ "MV-SC JET PUMP SSD (2.81) (2.75)) from the Oilwell Hydraulics, Inc. factory

The knowledge of the structure and operation of this type of pumps allowed to determine the parameters that limited its operation and operation. From this, it was established that the proposed invention improves and fulfills the stated purpose.

References

Bohler, "Manual of Steels". Information of the users on the useful life, yields and qualities of the existing pumps in the oil sector of the Ecuadorian Amazon.

> Oil Well, "Jet Pumping Oil Well". World Oil Magazine, January 1987.

> Petrie H., Smart E., "The theorv. Hardware and application of the current generation of oil well jet pumps". Lubbock-Texas, 1983. The description of the invention in terms that allow the understanding of the technical problem and the solution provided by the invention, exposing the differences and possible advantages with respect to the previous technology

In the oil sector of Ecuador, the greatest difficulty that companies have encountered when working with traditional hydraulic jet pumps are:

Greater abrasion wear of the parts.

Greater pressure loss due to friction.

Greater number of metal parts and bodies for maintenance.

Difficulty recovering the pump in diverted wells.

High surface energy costs.

They do not recover the pressure of the wells (Build-up).

High maintenance costs

Below are comparative tables between the developed parts that make up the jet pump: fishing neck, housing for the nozzle, outer tube, discharge body, extension adapter and lower retainer, in relation to those existing in current technology.

As part of the current technology, for the comparative purposes mentioned, the same parts of the hydraulic jet pumps 2_ "MV-SC JET PUMP SSD 2.81 2.75 from OILWELL HYDRAULICS INC. And PUMP-PL-JET COV FLOW 2_" x 2.812 are taken SEAL BORE F / BAKER "CCD" SSD of GUIBERSON.

NOMENCLATURE:

OW = Hydraulic pump manufactured by OILWELL HYDRAULICS INC. GB = Hydraulic jet pump manufactured by GUIBERSON STP = invention object of the present invention request

Fishing neck OW = Nose + no-go ring GB = Neck retriever + mandrel upper seal

In dirty wells one of the When designing a single body allows having the two bodies and the structure Having two damaged bodies is the breakage of the nozzle enough space to incorporate one of the pump, do not allow to place the structure of the pump by injection of dirty filter fluid, if the conditions of the well and the protection systems and allow to place system with solid impurities, demand and give protection to the nozzle, (see consequently the nozzle is protected and consequently producing high costs in ftg. 3 ) unprotected in dirty wells. l a boq u i l l what maintenance. unprotected in suc wells

When operating the system, by designing the fishing neck with 6 The horizontal shape of the holes By containing 4 holes current structure of the pumps holes, allows to keep the fluid smooth, produces the change in the direction of the smaller the flow passage greater pressure is exerted from having a greater fluid and fluid intake and problems arise because it requires greater fluid pressure, but the amount of lowering the pressure loss surface pressure. injection, increasing fluid that enters is low, reducing the cost of energy, (see fig. 4) surface energy costs producing greater surface energy consumption.

2. Nozzle housing OW = Upper packing mandrel GB = Nozzle housing

3. Throat accommodation OW = Sleeve GB = Inner Tube

Download body OW = Middle Plug GB = Crossover body

5. Extension adapter OW = Middle back-up ring GB = Mandrel lower seal

Bottom retainer OW = Middle in GB = Bottom retainer

The justifications presented in the previous tables were based on laboratory tests carried out in the applicant's test wells, located in El Coca in the Ecuadorian Amazon.

The tables below show the results of the laboratory tests on the condition of the parts, when the existing technology pumps and the utility model designed were subjected to:

Working times: 24 and 48 hours

Pressures: 2,500, 3,000 and 3,500 PSI

Conditions: Fresh Water

Formation Water 50,000PPM Cl Water with 2% sand (Abrasive)

Hydrochloric acid 5 and 20% ph3

Tabulated the general data, it can be concluded that the invention JET CLAW HYDRAULIC BCL-1, complies with the solution to the problems presented in the previous tables.

Review of the drawings

Fig. 1 This is the design of the Hydraulic Pump BCL-1, which consists of 19 parts, the same as shown in the figure in section.

Thus, these parts are detailed below:

1. LOWER RETAINER (BOTTOM RETAINER CLAW): It is the lower part of the pump, in its exterior the seals are housed, in the outer upper end it is connected by a thread of 14 threads per inch with the extension tube, in the part Outer bottom has been milled tangential flat surfaces opposite each other in order to use suitable tools to avoid surface damage by manipulation.

2. END ADAPTER (END ADAPTER): This element is a metal ring (bronze) that retains and aligns the seals, these have "V" channels that maintain the outer and inner shape of the seal, the diameters of these must be smaller than the seals to allow a packing between the jacket and the pump.

3. VITON SEALS (CHEVRON PACKING): These are elements that by their design behave like pressure retainers.

4. CENTRALIZER (CENTER ADAPTER): This element is a bronze ring, with a groove in the center in the radial direction, serves to centralize and reverse the direction of the seal, it is intended to package the seals with the shirt on the sides.

5. EXTENSION TUBE (CLAW EXTENSION TUBE): This is a part of the pump that has different diameters both outside and inside, only serves to extend the length and adapt from a smaller diameter to a larger one, has threads of 14 threads per inch that are assembled by the one end with the discharge body and on the other with the final retainer, geometrically they are two cylinders coupled with different diameters, in the larger diameter two flat surfaces perimetrically opposed have been tangentially milled in order to use suitable tools to avoid superficial damage by manipulation.

6. DISCHARGE BODY CLAW: This is a complex element of the Jet Claw pump, through the inner part in an axial and eccentric direction there are eight holes distributed in two parts, through the lower part the formation fluid passes through the upper inner part passes the mixture of injection and formation (production) fluids by discharging through a transverse hole towards the outside thereof. In the upper end it is assembled with adjustment by means of a square thread of 14 threads per inch with the diffuser. On the bottom and through a thread of 14 threads per inch is assembled with an extension.

7. SEALS (O-RING): They are elements in the form of a ring, the same that fulfill the function of sealing between two metal parts.

8. DIFFUSER (DIFUSSER CLAW): It is the largest conical part of the pump, which is the continuation of the throat taper, allows the discharge pressure to increase as the diameter increases and at the same time decreases The speed of the fluid, at the end of greater diameter the discharge body is assembled under pressure, and to seal the two elements a seal is placed on the upper part and another on the lower end, the axially seal is metal metal with throat.

9. SEALS (O-RING): They are elements in the form of a ring, the same that fulfill the function of sealing between two metal parts.

10. SEALS (O-RING): They are elements in the form of a ring, the same that fulfill the function of sealing between two metal parts. 1 1. THROAT CLAW HOUSE: Geometrically it is a cylinder, it is the throat housing, this makes the diffuser, the throat and the nozzle align, internally it has a difference in diameters, the largest diameter accommodates the upper part of the diffuser, the seal between them is obtained by using two seals located in two channels that are at the inner ends.

12. SEALS (O-RING): They are elements in the form of a ring, the same that fulfill the function of sealing between two metal parts.

13. THROAT CLAW: It is the element of the pump where the two fluids are mixed (injection + production) and the energies are changed from kinetic to potential, its external shape is two cylinders coupled with two different diameters; the nozzle retainer (nozzle retainer) is housed in the upper part of the smaller diameter cylinder, at the other end it is assembled with the diffuser in an axial direction, the interior is formed by two geometric figures, in the upper part (inlet) It has the shape of a cone and its sides are convex, then a cylinder is formed in which the distance of the throat varies from 2 to 3 times its diameter, at the end of it, it starts a cone that ends at the beginning of the diffuser, the material used is tungsten carbide, which is resistant to abrasion wear.

14. NOZZLE RETAINER CLAW RETAINER: It is the part of the pump where the nozzle is housed or centered, has five holes in its perimeter where the formation fluid passes, it is housed over the throat . The most important function is that it maintains the distance of the mouthpiece with the throat.

15. NOZZLE CLAW: This is a conical shaped body of revolution, externally it is visualized in a single body that forms two geometric figures, the one is a cylinder and the other a cylindrical truncated cone, formed by a symmetrical concave curvature , inside its shape is a funnel with a mirror-like finish that prevents pressure drops. 16. SEALS (O-RING): They are elements in the form of a ring, the same that fulfill the function of sealing between two metal parts.

17. EXTERNAL TUBE (OUTER TUBE CLAW): It is a cylinder that is subjected to external and internal pressures. In its two threaded ends (square thread 8 threads per inch) the discharge body is connected and in the other the nozzle housing, through the inside the formation fluid passes until it has contact with the nozzle, nozzle has on the outside contact with discharge pressure.

18. NOZZLE HOUSING HOUSING: This element carries the seals on the outside, houses the nozzle inside, it is assembled at the top with the fishing neck and seal housing by means of a thread of 14 threads per inch and on the underside with the outer tube, using a square thread of 8 threads per inch, this makes it more versatile for assembly.

19. FISHING NECK FISHING NECK: It is one of the important parts used to recover the pump from the bottom of the well with the help of a wire line, the maximum diameter is used to hang with the rest of the pump in the housing It also stops the seals by adjusting a thread of 14 threads per inch with the nozzle housing.

Fig. 2 This is the design of the fishing neck in shape and measure.

Fig. 3 This is the design of the fishing neck that allows a filter to be placed.

Fig. 4 These are the holes in the fishing neck in shape and number.

Fig. 5 This is the modification of the throat elements, annular space and throat accommodation located inside the outer tube. Fig. 6 This is a section of the Hydraulic Jet Pump BCL-1 that shows the solution in the discharge body in shape, annular space and shock area.

Fig .7 This is the interchangeable bottom retainer.

Fig .8 This is the side view of the fishing neck. Fig. 9 This is the nozzle housing.

Fig. 10 This is the nozzle retainer.

Fig. 11 This is the sectional figure of the outer tube.

Fig. 12 This is the exterior view of the diffuser. Fig. 13 This is the throat accommodation.

Fig. 14 This is the discharge body.

Fig. 15 This is the extension tube.

Fig. 16 This is the bottom retainer.

Fig. 17 This is the final adapter. Fig. 18 This is the centralizer.

Fig. 19 This is the nozzle.

Fig. 20 This is the side view of the throat.

Fig. 21 This is the pump assembly.

Description of the best way known by the applicant to execute or implement the invention

The (fig. 21) shows the parts that make up the BCL-1 HYDRAULIC JET CLAW PUMP.

Assembly sequence

The pump starts its assembly by the bottom retainer [1] and is interchangeable with the BCLP-1 Control Valve (optional) for the recovery of pressure from wells, in this the final retainer (end adapter) is mounted [2], three viton seals are placed on it (chevron packing = "V" packages) [3], and the assembly is centered by a central adapter (center adapter) [4].

Once this group of parts is assembled, part [1] joins a thread of fourteen threads per inch Withworth to the extension tube (extension tube) [5], the function of the tube is to vary the length of the pump according to the requirements of the well, this in turn is assembled to the discharge body [6], using a thread of twelve threads per inch Withworth.

The assembly is assembled by means of a square thread of eight threads per inch with the outer tube (outer tube) [17]. In the upper part of the discharge body [6] a seal (o-ring) [7] is placed, so that the assembly with the diffuser (diffuser) [8] is under pressure, in the upper part of the diffuser there is a groove to place a seal (o-ring) [9], for pressure coupling with the throat housing [11], inside this there are two channels in the lower and upper part to be placed two seals (o-rings) [10] and [12]. Once these seals are placed, the throat is inserted under pressure [13].

In the upper part of [13] we have a difference in diameters where we assemble with the nozzle retainer (14 nozzle retainer), the same one that has ten 1/4 quarter diameter holes inclined at 20 ° where the training fluid, and about This one houses the nozzle (15), it has an internal conical shape with a mirror-like surface finish.

On this section the nozzle housing is placed [18], it has a seal (o-ring) [16], the section [18] is coupled at its bottom with the upper end of the outer tube [ 17], the end retainer (end adapter) [2] is mounted on top, it retains three viton seals (chevron packing) [3] which are centralized by a (center adapter) [4], the assembly assemble [18] using a thread of fourteen threads per inch Withworth with the fishing neck (19).

Timely summary of the technique used by the utility model to solve the problems

The design and construction of the BCL-1 HYDRAULIC JET CLAW PUMP, from its structure and operation, solve the existing problems with the current pumps and this is achieved as follows:

1. Increased wear by abrasion of the parts

Solution:

Use of new materials: Bonded 4340 steel with surface treatment, Austenitic stainless steel AISI 316 and Tungsten carbide with mirror-like surface finish.

2. Increased friction pressure loss

Solution:

N4 surface finish

3. Greater number of parts

Solution: Body reduction: two less than Oilwell and 3 less than Guiberson. Reduction of internal metal elements: Sertecpet = 6, Oilwell = 9, Guiberson = 7

4. Heat or surface treatments

Solution:

Surface treatment by nitriding to gases or salts.

5. Difficulty in recovering the pump in diverted wells

Solution:

Modifying the shape and dimensions of the FISHING NECK or Fishing Neck.

6. Less effective area for fluid entry

Solution:

Increase in effective area of fluid inlet

7. Abrupt change in fluid direction

Solution:

Reduction of the shock area and increase of the annular space through which the fluid circulates by 100%.

8. Does not recover well pressure

Solution:

In the BCL-1 HYDRAULIC JET pump, the option of recovering the pressure from the wells (Build-Up) is presented by placing a device called

BCLP-1 CONTROL VALVE to the pump. High costs

Solution:

With the modifications that this pump has, equipment and repair costs are reduced by 25.5% of the value of existing pumps in the market.

With regard to the recovery of pressure from the well, the savings are given in time and costs of man-equipment work, production and stand-by of other companies associated to it.

Claims

1. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, which reduces costs, increases the durability of the product and to which tools can be adapted to restore the pressure of the wells, characterized by modifications introduced in the fishing neck, housing of the throat, throat, discharge body, lower retainer, extension tube, materials and treatment used.

2. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized in that the modifications introduced in the shape and measurement (fig. 1 # 19) and (fig. 2) of the fishing neck allow the fishing tool to center , easily catch and recover the pump.

3. A hydraulic jet pump according to claim number 2, characterized in that the diameter of the tube through which the pump travels to the bottom of the well is 7.6 cm., The neck has a diameter of 4.4 cm., And there is a lateral space of 1.6 cm. on each side in the diverted well, (fig. 2)

4. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized in that the fishing neck has been reduced from two bodies to one, allowing the incorporation of a filter, (fig. 3)

5. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized in that the holes in the fishing neck have been expanded in quantity from 4 to 6. (fig. 4)

6. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized by the modification of the outer tube consisting of the splitting of the throat into two parts, (fig. 5)

7. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized by the elimination of the throat housing and decrease of the throat outside diameter, with the consequent increase in the annular space uniformly throughout the throat section , (fig. 5)

8. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized by the equality between the outer diameter of the throat retainer and the outer diameter of the diffuser, (fig. 5)

9. A hydraulic jet pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized by a decrease in the area of shock of the fluid in the upper part of the discharge body, (fig. 6)

10. A hydraulic pump for use in oil extraction operations, characterized in that its lower retainer is interchangeable with a pressure control valve, such as the BCLP-1 control valve. (fig. 7)