WO2003035420A1 - Electrodynamic drive system - Google Patents

Electrodynamic drive system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003035420A1
WO2003035420A1 PCT/EP2002/011717 EP0211717W WO03035420A1 WO 2003035420 A1 WO2003035420 A1 WO 2003035420A1 EP 0211717 W EP0211717 W EP 0211717W WO 03035420 A1 WO03035420 A1 WO 03035420A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
planetary gear
drive system
flywheel
vehicle
mass
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/011717
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Roske
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO2003035420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003035420A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/091—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft
    • F16H3/0915—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears including a single countershaft with coaxial input and output shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrodynamic drive system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the flywheel arranged between the drive motor and the transmission and interacting with the friction clutch is usually designed as a dual-mass flywheel, as a result of which the rotational speeds of the drive motor can be reduced when idling and when driving. This results in a saving in operating costs as a result of reduced fuel consumption and a gain in comfort through lower noise pollution, which can be seen as gear rattling when idling and hum while driving.
  • the division of the primary and secondary mass of the dual-mass flywheel can be freely selected within limits in accordance with the vibration-related coordination and design of the drive train.
  • On Torsional damper is located between the primary and secondary mass.
  • the friction clutch is connected downstream.
  • An electrodynamic drive system for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, for example, from EP 0 769 404 AI, the subject of this document being particularly aimed at simplifying the piping of the hydraulic system and the lubrication system.
  • DE 199 51 575 AI describes a dual-mass flywheel for internal combustion engines which has the classic structure of a dual-mass flywheel, namely a drive-side and an output-side flywheel, which are mounted concentrically to one another and connected to one another via a torque-transmitting torsion spring and can be rotated relative to one another to a limited extent are.
  • the rotor of an electrical starter generator is connected directly to the flywheel on the output side.
  • WO 98/05882 proposes to arrange a torsional vibration damper in the drive train of a motor vehicle between its internal combustion engine and its gearbox, which has an input part driven by the internal combustion engine and an output part connected to an input shaft of the gearbox, which is torsionally elastic via a suspension the input part is connected.
  • the torsional vibration damper is integrated in the rotor of the electrical machine.
  • the basic disadvantage of this arrangement is that the primary masses on the internal combustion engine side are very large relative to the secondary masses on the transmission side. This makes it to a certain extent through voting and design of the torsion damper possible to avoid rattling noises from the transmission when idling and humming noises from the drive train while driving.
  • the consequence of this is a minimal engine speed, which cannot be undercut when idling or when driving.
  • the use of a conventional two-mass flywheel is expensive and can be problematic because the inertia of the rotor of the electrical machine is limited when determining the flywheel mass on the internal combustion engine.
  • the distribution of the rotating masses to a primary and a secondary mass can only be limited.
  • the minimum primary mass is determined by the inertia of the crank mechanism of the internal combustion engine and by the minimum possible moment of inertia of the electrical machine, which is determined by the torque requirement and the structural dimensions, in particular the short overall length of the electrical machine.
  • an electrodynamic drive system for a vehicle which has a planetary gear between a prime mover and a manual transmission, which comprises the three elements sun gear, ring gear and planet carrier.
  • the planet carrier as the first element is connected to the gearbox, the ring gear as the second element is connected to the prime mover and the sun gear as the third element is connected to at least one electric motor.
  • the object of the invention is to improve an electrodynamic drive system in terms of consumption, comfort and emission behavior and, in particular, to design an electrodynamic drive system in such a way that an increase in the rotating masses is avoided by using an electric motor and a planetary gear.
  • An electrodynamic drive system for a vehicle has a manual transmission and a planetary transmission, which comprises the three elements sun gear, ring gear and planet carrier.
  • a first element is connected to an input shaft of the manual transmission
  • a second element is connected to an output shaft of an engine of the vehicle via a flywheel
  • a third element is connected to a rotor of an electric motor.
  • a switching device has a first switching position in which there is a rotationally fixed connection between two elements of the planetary gear for bridging the planetary gear.
  • the switching device has a second switching Position in which the connection between the two elements of the planetary gear is broken.
  • a controller for operating the drive system is available.
  • a torsional vibration damping device in the drive train of the vehicle, which comprises two masses which can be rotated relative to one another, as is similarly the case with a previously usual two-mass flywheel, the rotational mass of the output shaft of the drive machine and the rotational mass of the flywheel are now instead increased a primary mass summarized as one of the two rotatable masses.
  • the idling share of driving is insignificant, since a corresponding system switches off the internal combustion engine when it is at a standstill.
  • the clutch required for starting and driving the vehicle is in the first shift position, in which the planetary gear is bridged.
  • the second of the two masses is formed according to the invention as a secondary mass from the bridged planetary gear, the switching device located in the first switching position and the rotor of the electric motor.
  • a vibration damper is provided between the two mutually rotatable masses, which in a preferred embodiment consists of several torsion dampers distributed over a circumference.
  • the torsion dampers can have one or more stages.
  • the primary and the secondary mass of the torsional vibration damping device are thus advantageously formed by mandatory components of the electrodynamic drive system and the installation of a dual-mass flywheel customary in the prior art is not necessary. An additional increase in the rotating masses through a previously common two-mass flywheel avoided and the electrodynamic drive system improved in consumption, comfort and emissions.
  • the mass inertia of the two masses that can be rotated relative to one another and the vibration-related design of the stiffness and damping of the damping device between the two masses are adapted to the rotational irregularities of the engine of the vehicle. In this way, the advantages of a dual mass flywheel can be achieved without adding components.
  • the figure shows a schematic representation of an electrodynamic drive system 2, which is arranged between a drive machine 4 and a manual transmission 6.
  • the ring gear 12 of a planetary gear 14 is driven by the output shaft 8 of the drive machine 4 via a flywheel 40, a vibration damper 10 and a ring gear shaft 38.
  • the planet carrier 18 is connected to a friction clutch as a switching device 20, via which the rotor 22 of an electric motor 24 can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the planet carrier 18.
  • the sun gear 26 of the planetary gear 14 is rotatably connected.
  • the planet carrier 18 is rotatably connected to the input shaft 28 of the gearbox 6, the teeth of which mesh with a toothing on the countershaft 30 in the gearbox 6. Other toothings of the countershaft 30 mesh with toothings of an output shaft 36.
  • the input shaft 28 has a freewheel 32 which supports the input shaft 28 against reverse rotation when the engine 4 is started when the vehicle is at a standstill.
  • the output shaft 8 of the drive machine 4 and the flywheel 40 together form the primary mass 42 of the torsional vibration damping device.
  • the rotor 22 of the electric motor 24, the switching device 20 and the planetary gear 14 together form the secondary mass 44.
  • the vibration damper 10 is arranged between the primary mass 42 and the secondary mass 44, which can be rotated relative to one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrodynamic drive system (2) for a vehicle. Said drive system comprises a manual gearbox (6) and a planetary gear (14) comprising three elements: a sun wheel (26), an internal-geared wheel (12) and a planet carrier (18). A first element thereof is connected to an input shaft (28) of the manual gearbox (6), a second element is connected to an output shaft (8) of a drive machine (4) of the vehicle by means of a flywheel (40), and a third element is connected to a rotor (22) of an electric motor (24). A shifting device (20) has a first shift position wherein two elements of the planetary gear (14) are interconnected in a rotationally fixed manner in order to bridge said planetary gear (14). Said shifting device (20) also has a second shift position wherein the connection between the two elements of the planetary gear (14) is interrupted. The output shaft (8) of the drive machine (4) and the flywheel (40) form a primary unit (42) of a torsional vibration damper comprising two units (42, 44) which can be counter-rotated in relation to each other. The secondary unit (44) consists of the bridged planetary gear (14), the manual gearbox (20) in the first shift position, and the rotor (22) of the electric motor (24). A vibration damper (10) is provided between the two units (42, 44).

Description

Elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem Electrodynamic drive system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrodynamic drive system according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aufgrund der diskontinuierlichen Arbeitsweise treten bei Verbrennungsmotoren eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Schwingungserscheinungen auf. Besonders bemerkbar machen sich die durch DrehmomentSchwankungen des Verbrennungsmotors verursachten Drehschwingungen im Antriebsstrang eines Kraftfah zeugs. Diese pflanzen sich über die übrigen Fahrzeugkomponenten fort und führen zu einem für die Fahrzeuginsassen störenden Geräusch- und Vibrationspegel. Bedeutsam sind auch die durch Massenkräfte des Verbrennungsmotors hervorgerufenen LinerSchwingungen des ganzen Motorblocks, die sich ebenfalls über den Antriebsstrang ausbreiten können.Due to the discontinuous mode of operation, a large number of different vibration phenomena occur in internal combustion engines. The torsional vibrations in the drive train of a motor vehicle caused by torque fluctuations of the internal combustion engine are particularly noticeable. These propagate through the other vehicle components and lead to a noise and vibration level that is disruptive for the vehicle occupants. Also important are the liner vibrations of the entire engine block caused by the inertial force of the internal combustion engine, which can also spread over the drive train.
Im konventionellen Antriebsstrang wird das zwischen Antriebsmotor und Getriebe angeordnete und mit der Reibungskupplung zusammenwirkende Schwungrad üblicherweise als Zweimassen-Schwungrad ausgebildet, wodurch die Drehzahlen des Antriebsmotors im Leerlauf und bei Fahrbetrieb abgesenkt werden können. Daraus resultiert eine Einsparung an Betriebskosten als Folge eines reduzierten Kraftstoffverbrauchs und ein Komfortgewinn durch geringere Geräuschbelastung, die sich als Getrieberasseln im Leerlauf und Brummgeräusche im F hrbetrieb darstellen. Die Aufteilung der Primär- und Sekundärmasse des Zweimassen-Schwungrades ist entsprechend der schwingungstechnischen Abstimmung und Auslegung des AntriebsStranges in Grenzen frei wählbar. Ein Torsionsdämpfer befindet sich zwischen Primär- und Sekundärmasse. Die Reibungskupplung ist nachgeschaltet.In the conventional drive train, the flywheel arranged between the drive motor and the transmission and interacting with the friction clutch is usually designed as a dual-mass flywheel, as a result of which the rotational speeds of the drive motor can be reduced when idling and when driving. This results in a saving in operating costs as a result of reduced fuel consumption and a gain in comfort through lower noise pollution, which can be seen as gear rattling when idling and hum while driving. The division of the primary and secondary mass of the dual-mass flywheel can be freely selected within limits in accordance with the vibration-related coordination and design of the drive train. On Torsional damper is located between the primary and secondary mass. The friction clutch is connected downstream.
Ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 769 404 AI bekannt, wobei der Gegenstand dieser Schrift insbesondere auf eine Vereinfachung der Verrohrung des hydraulischen Systems und des Schmiersystems abstellt.An electrodynamic drive system for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, for example, from EP 0 769 404 AI, the subject of this document being particularly aimed at simplifying the piping of the hydraulic system and the lubrication system.
In der DE 199 51 575 AI ist ein Zweimassen-Schwungrad für Brennkraftmaschinen beschrieben, welches den klassischen Aufbau eines Zweimassen-Schwungrads aufweist, nämlich einen antriebsseitigen und einen abtriebsseitigen Schwungring, welche konzentrisch zueinander gelagert und über eine drehmomentübertragende Drehfeder miteinander verbunden und relativ zueinander begrenzt verdrehbar sind. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Rotor eines elektrischen Startergenerators direkt mit dem abtriebsseitigen Schwungring verbunden.DE 199 51 575 AI describes a dual-mass flywheel for internal combustion engines which has the classic structure of a dual-mass flywheel, namely a drive-side and an output-side flywheel, which are mounted concentrically to one another and connected to one another via a torque-transmitting torsion spring and can be rotated relative to one another to a limited extent are. According to the invention, the rotor of an electrical starter generator is connected directly to the flywheel on the output side.
Zur Minderung der genannten Drehschwingungen schlägt die WO 98/05882 vor, im Antriebsstrang eines Kraftfahrzeuges zwischen dessen Verbrennungsmotor und dessen Getriebe einen Drehschwingungsdämpfer anzuordnen, der ein vom Verbrennungsmotor angetriebenes Eingangsteil und ein mit einer Eingangswelle des Getriebes verbundenes Ausgangsteil aufweist, welches über eine Federung drehelastisch mit dem Eingangsteil verbunden ist. Der Drehschwingungsdämpfer ist in den Rotor der elektrischen Maschine integriert. Der prinzipielle Nachteil dieser Anordnung besteht darin, dass die Primärmassen auf der Verbrennungsmotorseite relativ zur Sekundärmassen auf der Getriebeseite sehr groß ist. Dadurch ist es bis zu einem gewissen Grad durch Abstimmung und Auslegung des Torsionsdämpfers möglich, Rasselgeräusche des Getriebes im Leerlauf und Brummgeräusche des Antriebstranges im Fahrbetrieb zu vermeiden. Konsequenz daraus ist eine minimale Motordrehzahl, die im Leerlauf aber auch im Fahrbetrieb nicht unterschritten werden kann. Der Einsatz eines herkömmlichen Zweimassen-Schwungrades ist teuer und kann problematisch sein, da man bei der Festlegung der Schwungmasse am Verbrennungsmotor durch die Massenträgheit des Rotors der elektrischen Maschine begrenzt ist. Eine Aufteilung der Drehmassen auf eine Primär- und eine Sekundärmasse kann nur begrenzt erfolgen. Die minimale Primärmasse wird bestimmt durch Massenträgheit des Kurbeltriebs des Verbrennungsmotors und durch das minimal mögliche Massenträgheitsmoment der elektrischen Maschine, das durch die Momentanforderung und die Bauabmessungen, insbesondere die kurze Baulänge der elektrischen Maschine bestimmt ist.To reduce the torsional vibrations mentioned, WO 98/05882 proposes to arrange a torsional vibration damper in the drive train of a motor vehicle between its internal combustion engine and its gearbox, which has an input part driven by the internal combustion engine and an output part connected to an input shaft of the gearbox, which is torsionally elastic via a suspension the input part is connected. The torsional vibration damper is integrated in the rotor of the electrical machine. The basic disadvantage of this arrangement is that the primary masses on the internal combustion engine side are very large relative to the secondary masses on the transmission side. This makes it to a certain extent through voting and design of the torsion damper possible to avoid rattling noises from the transmission when idling and humming noises from the drive train while driving. The consequence of this is a minimal engine speed, which cannot be undercut when idling or when driving. The use of a conventional two-mass flywheel is expensive and can be problematic because the inertia of the rotor of the electrical machine is limited when determining the flywheel mass on the internal combustion engine. The distribution of the rotating masses to a primary and a secondary mass can only be limited. The minimum primary mass is determined by the inertia of the crank mechanism of the internal combustion engine and by the minimum possible moment of inertia of the electrical machine, which is determined by the torque requirement and the structural dimensions, in particular the short overall length of the electrical machine.
Aus der DE 199 34 696 AI ist ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem für ein Fahrzeug bekannt, das zwischen einer Antriebsmaschine und einem Schaltgetriebe ein Planetengetriebe aufweist, das die drei Elemente Sonnenrad, Hohlrad und Planetenträger umfasst. Der Planetenträger als erstes Element ist mit dem Schaltgetriebe verbunden, das Hohlrad als zweites Element ist mit der Antriebsmaschine verbunden und das Sonnenrad als drittes Element ist mit wenigstens einem Elektromotor verbunden. Mit dieser Anordnung lässt sich die Antriebsmaschine starten, elektrische Energie erzeugen, elektrisch bremsen und das Fahrzeug auch aus dem Stand anfahren.From DE 199 34 696 AI an electrodynamic drive system for a vehicle is known which has a planetary gear between a prime mover and a manual transmission, which comprises the three elements sun gear, ring gear and planet carrier. The planet carrier as the first element is connected to the gearbox, the ring gear as the second element is connected to the prime mover and the sun gear as the third element is connected to at least one electric motor. With this arrangement, the drive machine can be started, electrical energy generated, electrical braking and the vehicle started from a standing start.
Bei bekannten elektrodynamischen AntriebsSystemen werden somit bei bestimmten Betriebszuständen üblicherweise die Drehmassen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine des Zwei- massen-Schwungrads sowie der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine und des nachgeschalteten Planetengetriebes summiert . Dadurch wird die Schwungmasse des Antriebssystems insgesamt erhöht, was einerseits zu einer Erhöhung des Gewichts des Antriebsstrangs und damit zu einer unerwünschten Erhöhung des Fahrzeuggesamtgewichts, andererseits aber auch zu einer Erhöhung der Drehmasse des Antriebsstrangs führt, wodurch sich auch eine größere Trägheit gegen schnelle Drehzahlwechsel ergibt .In known electrodynamic drive systems, the turning masses of the internal combustion engine of the two- mass flywheel as well as the electric drive machine and the planetary gear connected downstream. This increases the flywheel mass of the drive system as a whole, which on the one hand leads to an increase in the weight of the drive train and thus to an undesirable increase in the total vehicle weight, and on the other hand also to an increase in the rotational mass of the drive train, which also results in greater inertia against rapid speed changes.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem in Verbrauch, Komfort und Emissionsverhalten zu verbessern und insbesondere ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem so auszubilden, dass eine Erhöhung der Drehmassen durch den Einsatz eines Elektromotors und eines Planetengetriebes vermieden wird.The object of the invention is to improve an electrodynamic drive system in terms of consumption, comfort and emission behavior and, in particular, to design an electrodynamic drive system in such a way that an increase in the rotating masses is avoided by using an electric motor and a planetary gear.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved by an electrodynamic drive system with the features of claim 1. Refinements are the subject of subclaims.
Ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem für ein Fahrzeug weist ein Schaltgetriebe und ein Planetengetriebe auf, das die drei Elemente Sonnenrad, Hohlrad und Planetenträger umfasst. Davon ist ein erstes Element mit einer Eingangswelle des Schaltgetriebes verbunden, ein zweites Element über ein Schwungrad mit einer Abtriebswelle einer Antriebsmaschine des Fahrzeugs verbunden und ein drittes Element mit einem Rotor eines Elektromotors verbunden. Eine Schalteinrichtung weist eine erste Schaltstellung auf, in der eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen zwei Elementen des Planetengetriebes zur Überbrückung des Planetengetriebes besteht. Die Schalteinrichtung weist eine zweite Schalt- Stellung auf, in der die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Elementen des Planetengetriebes unterbrochen ist. Eine Steuerung zum Betrieb des Antriebsystems ist vorhanden. Zur Bildung einer Drehschwingungsdämpfungseinrichtung im Antriebsstrang des Fahrzeugs, das zwei gegeneinander verdrehbar angeordnete Massen umfasst, wie dies auch in ähnlicher Weise bei einem bislang üblichen Zweimassen-Schwungrad der Fall ist, werden statt dessen die Drehmasse der Abtriebswelle der Antriebsmaschine und die Drehmasse des Schwungrades nun zu einer Primärmasse als einer der beiden gegeneinander verdrehbaren Massen zusammengefasst . Der Leerlaufan- teil des Fahrbetriebs ist unbedeutend, da ein entsprechendes System im Stillstand den Verbrennungsmotor abschaltet. Im bedeutenden und überwiegenden Fahranteil ist die zum Anfahren und Fahren des Fahrzeugs erforderliche Schaltkupplung in der ersten Schaltstellung, in der das Planetengetriebe überbrückt ist. In dieser Schaltstellung wird die zweite der beiden Massen erfindungsgemäß als Sekundärmasse aus dem überbrückten Planetengetriebe, der sich in der ersten Schaltstellung befindlichen Schalteinrichtung und dem Rotor des Elektromotors gebildet. Zwischen den beiden gegeneinander verdrehbaren Massen ist ein Schwingungsdämpfer vorgesehen, der in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung aus mehreren, auf einem Umfang verteilten Torsionsdämpfern besteht. Die Torsionsdämpfer können ein- oder mehrstufig sein. Vorteilhafterweise werden somit die Primär- und die Senkundärmasse der Drehschwingungsdämpfungseinrichtung durch zwingend vorhandene Komponenten des elektrodynamischen Antriebssyste s gebildet und der Einbau eines nach dem Stand der Technik üblichen Zweimassen-Schwungrads ist nicht erforderlich. Eine zusätzliche Erhöhung der Drehmassen durch ein bisher übliches Zweimassen-Schwungrad wird vermieden und das elektrodynamische Antriebssystem in Verbrauch, Komfort und Emission verbessert.An electrodynamic drive system for a vehicle has a manual transmission and a planetary transmission, which comprises the three elements sun gear, ring gear and planet carrier. Of these, a first element is connected to an input shaft of the manual transmission, a second element is connected to an output shaft of an engine of the vehicle via a flywheel, and a third element is connected to a rotor of an electric motor. A switching device has a first switching position in which there is a rotationally fixed connection between two elements of the planetary gear for bridging the planetary gear. The switching device has a second switching Position in which the connection between the two elements of the planetary gear is broken. A controller for operating the drive system is available. In order to form a torsional vibration damping device in the drive train of the vehicle, which comprises two masses which can be rotated relative to one another, as is similarly the case with a previously usual two-mass flywheel, the rotational mass of the output shaft of the drive machine and the rotational mass of the flywheel are now instead increased a primary mass summarized as one of the two rotatable masses. The idling share of driving is insignificant, since a corresponding system switches off the internal combustion engine when it is at a standstill. In the significant and predominant proportion of driving, the clutch required for starting and driving the vehicle is in the first shift position, in which the planetary gear is bridged. In this switching position, the second of the two masses is formed according to the invention as a secondary mass from the bridged planetary gear, the switching device located in the first switching position and the rotor of the electric motor. A vibration damper is provided between the two mutually rotatable masses, which in a preferred embodiment consists of several torsion dampers distributed over a circumference. The torsion dampers can have one or more stages. The primary and the secondary mass of the torsional vibration damping device are thus advantageously formed by mandatory components of the electrodynamic drive system and the installation of a dual-mass flywheel customary in the prior art is not necessary. An additional increase in the rotating masses through a previously common two-mass flywheel avoided and the electrodynamic drive system improved in consumption, comfort and emissions.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung ist die Massenträgheit der beiden gegeneinander verdrehbaren Massen und die schwingungstechnische Auslegung von Steifigkeit und Dämpfung der Dämpfungseinrichtung zwischen den beiden Massen angepasst an die Drehungleichförmigkeiten der Antriebsmaschine des Fahrzeugs . Hierdurch können die Vorteile eines Zweimassen-Schwungrades ohne Hinzunahme von Bauteilen erzielt werden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the mass inertia of the two masses that can be rotated relative to one another and the vibration-related design of the stiffness and damping of the damping device between the two masses are adapted to the rotational irregularities of the engine of the vehicle. In this way, the advantages of a dual mass flywheel can be achieved without adding components.
Die Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
Die Figur zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung ein elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem 2 , das zwischen einer Antriebsmaschine 4 und einem Schaltgetriebe 6 angeordnet ist. Von der Abtriebswelle 8 der Antriebsmaschine 4 wird über ein Schwungrad 40, ein Schwingungsdämpfer 10 und eine Hohlradwelle 38 das Hohlrad 12 eines Planetengetriebes 14 angetrieben. Mit dem Hohlrad 12 kämmen Planetenräder 16, die auf einem Planetenträger 18 drehbar angeordnet sind. Der Planetenträger 18 ist mit einer Reibungskupplung als einer Schalteinrichtung 20 verbunden, über die der Rotor 22 eines Elektromotors 24 drehfest mit dem Planetenträger 18 verbunden werden kann. Mit dem Rotor 22 ist auch das Sonnenrad 26 des Planetengetriebes 14 drehfest verbunden. Der Planetenträger 18 ist drehfest mit der Eingangswelle 28 des Schaltgetriebes 6 verbunden, deren Verzahnung mit einer Verzahnung an der Vorgelegewelle 30 im Schaltgetriebe 6 kämmt. Andere Verzahnungen der Vorgelegewelle 30 kämmen mit Verzahnungen einer Abtriebswelle 36. Die Eingangswelle 28 weist einen Freilauf 32 auf, der die Eingangswelle 28 gegen ein Rückwärtsdrehen abstützt, wenn im Fahrzeugstillstand die Antriebsmaschine 4 gestartet wird. Die Abtriebswelle 8 der Antriebsmaschine 4 und das Schwungrad 40 bilden zusammen die Primärmasse 42 der Drehschwingungsdämpfungseinrich- tung. Der Rotor 22 des Elektromotors 24, die Schalteinrichtung 20 und das Planetengetriebe 14 bilden zusammen die Sekundärmasse 44. Zwischen der Primärmasse 42 und der Sekundärmasse 44, die gegeneinander verdrehbar sind, ist der Schwingungsdämpfer 10 angeordnet. The figure shows a schematic representation of an electrodynamic drive system 2, which is arranged between a drive machine 4 and a manual transmission 6. The ring gear 12 of a planetary gear 14 is driven by the output shaft 8 of the drive machine 4 via a flywheel 40, a vibration damper 10 and a ring gear shaft 38. With the ring gear 12 mesh planet gears 16 which are rotatably arranged on a planet carrier 18. The planet carrier 18 is connected to a friction clutch as a switching device 20, via which the rotor 22 of an electric motor 24 can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the planet carrier 18. With the rotor 22, the sun gear 26 of the planetary gear 14 is rotatably connected. The planet carrier 18 is rotatably connected to the input shaft 28 of the gearbox 6, the teeth of which mesh with a toothing on the countershaft 30 in the gearbox 6. Other toothings of the countershaft 30 mesh with toothings of an output shaft 36. The input shaft 28 has a freewheel 32 which supports the input shaft 28 against reverse rotation when the engine 4 is started when the vehicle is at a standstill. The output shaft 8 of the drive machine 4 and the flywheel 40 together form the primary mass 42 of the torsional vibration damping device. The rotor 22 of the electric motor 24, the switching device 20 and the planetary gear 14 together form the secondary mass 44. The vibration damper 10 is arranged between the primary mass 42 and the secondary mass 44, which can be rotated relative to one another.
Bezugs zeichenReference sign
2 elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem2 electrodynamic drive system
4 Antriebsmaschine4 prime mover
6 Schaltgetriebe6 manual transmission
8 Abtriebswelle8 output shaft
10 Schwingungsdämpfer10 vibration dampers
12 Hohlrad12 ring gear
14 Planetengetriebe14 planetary gears
16 Planetenrad16 planet gear
18 Planetenträger18 planet carriers
20 Schalteinrichtung20 switching device
22 Rotor22 rotor
24 Elektromotor24 electric motor
26 Sonnenrad26 sun gear
28 Eingangswelle28 input shaft
30 Vorgelegewelle30 countershaft
32 Freilauf32 freewheel
34 Gehäuse34 housing
36 Abtriebswelle36 output shaft
38 Hohlradwelle38 ring gear shaft
40 Schwungrad40 flywheel
42 Primärmasse42 primary mass
44 Sekundärmasse 44 secondary mass

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem (2) für ein Fahrzeug mit einem Schaltgetriebe (6) und einem Planetengetriebe (14), das die drei Elemente Sonnenrad (26), Hohlrad (12) und Planetenträger (18) umfasst, von denen ein erstes Element mit einer Eingangswelle (28) des Schaltgetriebes (6) verbunden ist, ein zweites Element über ein Schwungrad (40) mit einer Abtriebswelle (8) einer Antriebsmaschine (4) des Fahrzeugs verbunden ist und ein drittes Element mit einem Rotor (22) eines Elektromotors (24) verbunden ist, und mit einer Schalteinrichtung (20) , die eine erste Schaltstellung aufweist, in der eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen zwei Elementen des Planetengetriebes (14) zur Überbrückung des Planetengetriebes (14) besteht, und mit einer zweiten Schaltstellung, in der die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Elementen des Planetengetriebes (14) unterbrochen ist, mit einer Drehschwingungsdämpfungseinrichtung mit einer Primär- und einer Sekundärmasse, die relativ zueinander begrenzt verdrehbar sind, und mit einer Steuerung, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Abtriebswelle (8) der Antriebsmaschine (4) und das Schwungrad (40) der Antriebs- maschine (4) die Primärmasse (42) der Drehschwingungsdämp- fungseinrichtung bilden, dass die Sekundärmasse (44) aus dem überbrückten Planetengetriebe (14) , der sich in der ersten Schaltstellung befindlichen Schalteinrichtung (20) und dem Rotor (22) des Elektromotors (24) besteht und dass zwischen den beiden Massen (42, 44) ein Schwingungsdäm - fer (10) vorgesehen ist. 1. Electrodynamic drive system (2) for a vehicle with a manual transmission (6) and a planetary gear (14), which comprises the three elements sun gear (26), ring gear (12) and planet carrier (18), of which a first element with a Input shaft (28) of the manual transmission (6) is connected, a second element is connected via a flywheel (40) to an output shaft (8) of an engine (4) of the vehicle and a third element is connected to a rotor (22) of an electric motor (24 ) is connected, and with a switching device (20) which has a first switching position in which there is a rotationally fixed connection between two elements of the planetary gear (14) for bridging the planetary gear (14), and with a second switching position in which the connection between the two elements of the planetary gear (14) is interrupted, with a torsional vibration damping device with a primary and a secondary mass, which twists relative to each other to a limited extent and with a control system, characterized in that the output shaft (8) of the drive machine (4) and the flywheel (40) of the drive machine (4) form the primary mass (42) of the torsional vibration damping device such that the secondary mass ( 44) consists of the bridged planetary gear (14), the switching device (20) in the first switching position and the rotor (22) of the electric motor (24) and that a vibration damper (10 ) is provided.
2. Elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem (2) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Schwingungsdämpfer (10) mehrere auf einem Umfang verteilte Torsionsdämpfer umfasst.2. Electrodynamic drive system (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration damper (10) comprises a plurality of torsion dampers distributed over a circumference.
3. Elektrodynamisches Antriebssystem (2) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Massenträgheiten der beiden Massen (42, 44) und die schwingungstechnische Auslegung von Steifigkeit und Dämpfung des Schwingungsdämpfers (10) zwischen den beiden Massen (42, 44) angepasst ist an die Drehungleichförmigkei- ten der Antriebsmaschine (4) des Fahrzeugs. 3. Electrodynamic drive system (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mass inertias of the two masses (42, 44) and the vibration design of stiffness and damping of the vibration damper (10) between the two masses (42, 44) are adjusted is due to the rotational irregularities of the drive machine (4) of the vehicle.
PCT/EP2002/011717 2001-10-24 2002-10-19 Electrodynamic drive system WO2003035420A1 (en)

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