WO2003029614A2 - Outil et procede permettant de mesurer les proprietes d'une formation de terrain entourant un trou de forage - Google Patents

Outil et procede permettant de mesurer les proprietes d'une formation de terrain entourant un trou de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003029614A2
WO2003029614A2 PCT/EP2002/010906 EP0210906W WO03029614A2 WO 2003029614 A2 WO2003029614 A2 WO 2003029614A2 EP 0210906 W EP0210906 W EP 0210906W WO 03029614 A2 WO03029614 A2 WO 03029614A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
measuring tool
casing
holder
earth formation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/010906
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003029614A3 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelmus Hubertus Paulus Maria Heijnen
Pieter Karel Anton Kapteijn
Djurre Hans Zijsling
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Shell Canada Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V., Shell Canada Limited filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority to AU2002342775A priority Critical patent/AU2002342775A1/en
Publication of WO2003029614A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003029614A2/fr
Publication of WO2003029614A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003029614A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0004—Force transducers adapted for mounting in a bore of the force receiving structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/52—Structural details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
    • G01V11/005—Devices for positioning logging sondes with respect to the borehole wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring tool for measuring a physical property, such as the pore pressure, of an earth formation surrounding a borehole, in which a casing is disposed, through which oil and/or gas can be transported to the surface, wherein the space between the casing and the borehole wall is at least partially filled with a curable filling substance, such as cement.
  • a physical property such as the pore pressure
  • a measuring tool for measuring a physical property of an earth formation in an oil borehole is known per se, for example a measurement-while-drilling (M D) tool, wherein the drill that is used for forming the borehole is fitted with a sensor.
  • M D measurement-while-drilling
  • Another manner of collecting formation data is to lower the measuring tool into the borehole after the hole has been drilled and remove the tool before the casing and filling substance is put into place.
  • formation data such as the fluid pressure in the pores of the rock that makes up the earth formation, after the casing through which the oil is transported to the surface has been placed in the borehole.
  • the measuring tool comprises a holder which can be attached to the outside of the casing, in which holder a sensor is capable of measuring said physical property is mounted, and the measuring tool furthermore comprises contacting means which are capable of bringing the sensor into permanent direct contact, fluid contact or gas contact with the earth formation, irrespective of the local diameter of the borehole within certain bounds, in such a manner that the sensor will be capable of measuring said physical property in the earth formation.
  • contacting means which are capable of bringing the sensor into permanent direct contact, fluid contact or gas contact with the earth formation, irrespective of the local diameter of the borehole within certain bounds, in such a manner that the sensor will be capable of measuring said physical property in the earth formation.
  • the holder that contains the sensor is preferably substantially annular in shape, and it is fitted around the casing.
  • said sensor is rigidly mounted in the holder, and said contacting means are capable of creating a space in said filling substance between the sensor and the earth formation, which space is at least partially filled with a gas or a fluid.
  • said space will automatically fill with fluids from the earth formation, at a fluid pressure which equals the pore pressure in the earth formation. In this manner it is possible to make an accurate measurement of said pressure.
  • said contacting means comprise an explosive material, which can be fired from the surface after the filling substance has cured. The explosion will create the desired space between the measuring tool and the earth formation.
  • said sensor is preferably disposed substantially on a side of the casing remote from the explosive material, wherein the holder furthermore comprises a channel which is positioned between said sensor and said explosive material.
  • the sensor is screened by protective means during the explosion of the explosive material, which protective means can be removed by remote control from the surface after the explosion of the explosive material.
  • said protective means comprise a porous material which is permeable to gases and/or fluids, but which is capable of stopping the Shockwave of the explosion at least partially.
  • said protective means comprise a bimetal or a shape-memorizing alloy. In this way the firing of the explosive material and/or the removal of the protective means can take place by introducing heat into the casing.
  • said contacting means comprise a projecting part of a hard porous material, which can be positioned between the sensor and the earth formation, for example by rotating the casing until said projecting part abuts against the borehole wall, thus effecting a fluid-permeable connection between the measuring tool and the earth formation.
  • said contacting means comprise a flexible holder, which is filled with a fluid, in which or on which holder the sensor is mounted.
  • Said fluid-filled flexible holder can be positioned between the casing and the borehole wall, thus effecting the desired fluid connection between the sensor and the earth formation.
  • said fluid is a low-viscosity substance, and the flexible holder is provided with small holes, through which said substance can leak out slowly. In this way the fluid in the holder is prevented from being subjected to pressure, which would result in the pressure sensor arriving at an incorrect measured value.
  • said sensor is flexibly mounted in the holder, and said contacting means bring the sensor into direct contact with the earth formation through the filling substance.
  • the direct contact between the sensor and the earth formation obviates the need to provide a gas connection or a fluid connection.
  • the contacting means comprise a bimetal or a shape-memorizing alloy in that case, which makes it possible to move said contacting means by introducing heat into the casing.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a method for measuring a physical property, such as the pressure, in an earth formation, wherein a borehole whose diameter may or may not be variable is formed in an earth formation, into which borehole a casing is placed, through which oil and/or gas may be transported to the surface, wherein the space between the casing and the borehole wall is at least partially filled with a curable filling substance, such as cement, wherein a measuring tool is attached to the outside of the casing, which measuring tool comprises a holder, in which holder a sensor capable of measuring said physical property is mounted, wherein contacting means bring said sensor into permanent direct contact, fluid-contact or gas contact with the earth formation, irrespective of the local diameter of the borehole within certain bounds, in such a manner that the sensor will be capable of measuring said physical property in the earth formation.
  • a physical property such as the pressure
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a casing and a first embodiment of a measuring tool
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the casing and the measuring tool of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a casing and a second embodiment of a measuring tool
  • Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view of a casing and a third embodiment of a measuring tool
  • Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of a casing and a fourth embodiment of a measuring tool
  • Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of a casing and a fifth embodiment of a measuring tool.
  • Figure 1 shows a borehole 1 that has been formed in an earth formation 2 for the purpose of extracting oil that is present at a great depth in the ground.
  • wall 3 of borehole 1 may be irregular in shape as a result of, among other things, erosion caused by fluid.
  • a metal casing 4 is placed into borehole 1.
  • the external diameter of said casing 4 is smaller than the smallest diameter of the borehole, so that a space surrounds casing 4.
  • said space is filled with a curing substance 5, such as cement.
  • a layer of liquid mud 6 will form between wall 3 of borehole 1 and the outside of the cured cement 5.
  • an annular holder 7, in which a pressure sensor 8 is present, is introduced into the borehole 1 and fixed in position therein at the level where the measurements are to be carried out, which is done before the casing 4 is placed into the borehole.
  • the pressure sensor 8 is mounted in the holder 7 in such a manner that sensor 8 is adequately protected against harmful influences from outside, in particular against the force of an explosion, as will be described hereafter.
  • Electrical conductors 26 are used for transmitting the data measured by sensor 8 to the surface, where the data are registered.
  • a free path in which liquids and/or gasses can move freely, must be constructed between the sensor 8 and the earth formation 2.
  • a heat sensitive shaped explosive charge 9 is used, which is put in a hole 10 of the holder 7, which hole 10 is located opposite the sensor 8.
  • a circular channel 11 is made to provide an open space between the hole 10 and the sensor 8.
  • sealing pins 12 of a shape memorizing alloy are placed in the holder 7 such that the pins 12 will stop the Shockwave travelling through the channel 11.
  • the sealing pins are attached to the holder 7 in such a way that the part of the pin 12 that blocks the channel 11 can be removed by shortening the pins 12.
  • the pins 12 are tightly fit in the holder 7 at one side and at the other end the pins are less tightly fit in the channel 11, while around the central part of the pins a hole 13 with a larger diameter than the pins 7 is provided.
  • the shaped charge 9 is fired by heating the inside of the casing 4, for instance by filling the casing 4 with a heated liquid, or by applying heat locally with a heating element.
  • the shaped charge 9 may be triggered by any other trigger mechanism, such as a time clock or a remotely controlled unit, which is activated by electromagnetic, acoustic or electric signals.
  • a suitable trigger mechanism may comprise a piezo-electric element which is activated by a hammer which bounces against the inner surface of the casing 4.
  • the explosion caused by the charge 9 forms a hole 14 in the cured cement and in the wall 3 of the earth formation 2.
  • After the explosion unseating, by shortening, of the sealing pins 12 is also achieved by applying heat to the inside of the casing 4, whereafter a free path between the sensor 8 and the earth formation 2 is achieved.
  • the distance between the holder 7 and the wall 3 of the borehole 1 that can be leared this way may vary between a minimum and a maximum value, depending amongst other things on the power of the charge 9 and the characteristics of the cement 5, as well as the local pressure within the cement 5.
  • the hole 14 as well as the channel 11 will be filled with mud and/or other fluids, thus allowing the sensor 8 to measure the local pressure ⁇ 5 in the earth formation 2 through said fluid path.
  • Figure 3 shows the same arrangement as figures 1 and 2, however the shaped memorizing alloy sealing pins 12 have been replaced by sintered steel bars 15. These bars 15 are porous and will provide a connection between the 0 sensor 8 and the earth formation 2. They will also damp the Shockwave travelling through the channel 11 which provides the connection between the earth formation 2 and the sensor 8.
  • An alternative embodiment as shown in figure 4 is the 5 use of a sharp edged holder 7 around the casing 4 with the sensor 8 and the channel 11 built in.
  • the sharp edged tip 16 of the holder 7 consists of porous sintered steel, and is in open connection with the channel 11 through a hole 17.
  • the required free path between the sensor 8 and 0 the earth formation 2 can be achieved by rotating the casing 4 until the tip 16 is in firm contact with the wall 3 of the borehole 1.
  • the minimum and the maximum distance of the porous connection between the casing 4 and the wall 3 is determined by the shape and dimensions 5 of the tip 16.
  • a further alternative embodiment is shown in figure 5.
  • a circular flexible plastic container 18 is mounted on the casing 4 and contains a fluid 19 having a low viscosity such as grease, and furhtermore contains a 0 sensor 8.
  • the container 18 will be pressurized due to the fact that the hydrostatic head is present in the borehole 1, having a maximum value of the depth times the cement fluid gradient. This gradient is typically higher than the geophysical gradient in the earth formation 2. 5
  • fine perforations 20 are made allowing grease 19 to exit the container 18 therewith adjusting to the geophysical gradient available in the earth formation 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment.
  • the sensor 8 is now mounted on a spring bow 21, which is being activated using a shape memorizing alloy rod 22.
  • the rods 22 have a contraction of approximately ' 3% of their length. Pending the required shortening, the length of the rods 22 can be calculated.
  • the rods 22 are being activated to shorten by applying heat to the casing 4.
  • the spring bow 21 travels outwards till the sensor 8 reaches the wall 3. This action can take place at any moment prior to curing of the cement 8.
  • the spring bow 21, the rod 22 and the electric wire are at one end mounted on a mounting ring 23 which is affixed to the casing 4. At the other end the spring bow 21, the rod and the wire 25 are being held together by a movable clamp 24.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un outil de mesure destiné à mesurer une propriété physique, telle que la pression de pore, d'une formation de terrain (2) entourant un trou de forage (1), dans lequel est disposé un tubage de revêtement (4) autour duquel est injectée une substance de remplissage durcissable (5), telle que du ciment. L'outil précité comprend un support (7; 18; 23) attaché à l'extérieur du tubage de revêtement (4), dans lequel est monté un capteur (8) capable de mesurer ladite propriété physique, et des moyens de mise en contact (9; 16; 18; 19; 21; 22) capables d'amener le capteur en contact direct permanent, contact fluidique ou contact gazeux, avec la formation de terrain (2), indépendamment du diamètre local du trou de forage (2) dans certaines limites, de façon que le capteur soit capable de mesurer ladite propriété physique dans la formation de terrain (2).
PCT/EP2002/010906 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Outil et procede permettant de mesurer les proprietes d'une formation de terrain entourant un trou de forage WO2003029614A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002342775A AU2002342775A1 (en) 2001-09-28 2002-09-27 Tool and method for measuring properties of an earth formation surrounding a borehole

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01203694.3 2001-09-28
EP01203694 2001-09-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003029614A2 true WO2003029614A2 (fr) 2003-04-10
WO2003029614A3 WO2003029614A3 (fr) 2003-10-30

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002342775A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003029614A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1999973A2 (fr) * 2006-03-30 2008-12-10 Welldynamics, B.V. Ensemble de communication de pression exterieur à un tubage avec connectivité à une source de pression
WO2013052996A1 (fr) 2011-10-11 2013-04-18 Ian Gray Système de détection de pression de formation géologique
CN111119860A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-05-08 山东科技大学 一种感知孔内压力分布状态的压杆
US10837750B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2020-11-17 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for automated loading of blastholes and methods related thereto

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4230180A (en) * 1978-11-13 1980-10-28 Westbay Instruments Ltd. Isolating packer units in geological and geophysical measuring casings
US4453401A (en) * 1982-03-12 1984-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pressure sensor and soil stress isolation filter arrangement in a pore pressure probe
US4619320A (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-10-28 Memory Metals, Inc. Subsurface well safety valve and control system
US4662442A (en) * 1985-01-30 1987-05-05 Telemac Process and device for casing a borehole for the measurement of the interstitial pressure of a porous medium
US5159146A (en) * 1991-09-04 1992-10-27 James V. Carisella Methods and apparatus for selectively arming well bore explosive tools
EP0656460A2 (fr) * 1993-11-17 1995-06-07 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Méthode et dispositif de contrôle de réservoir souterrains
EP0705941A1 (fr) * 1992-09-21 1996-04-10 Khalil Fahmy Iskander Appareil à membrane à piezo-incliné
EP0984135A2 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2000-03-08 Schlumberger Holdings Limited Mesure de pression d'une formation avec capteurs à distance dans des puits cuvelés
WO2000026501A1 (fr) * 1998-11-04 2000-05-11 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Systeme de forage comprenant un conduit et un dispositif extensible
US6102122A (en) * 1997-06-11 2000-08-15 Shell Oil Company Control of heat injection based on temperature and in-situ stress measurement
US6131658A (en) * 1998-03-16 2000-10-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method for permanent emplacement of sensors inside casing
US6138752A (en) * 1997-06-11 2000-10-31 Shell Oil Company Method and apparatus to determine subterrranean formation stress
WO2000065195A1 (fr) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-02 Marathon Oil Company Appareil de perforation transporte avec le tubage, et procede correspondant
US6176313B1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2001-01-23 Shell Oil Company Method and tool for fracturing an underground formation
GB2366578A (en) * 2000-09-09 2002-03-13 Schlumberger Holdings Cement lining a wellbore having sensors therein

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4230180A (en) * 1978-11-13 1980-10-28 Westbay Instruments Ltd. Isolating packer units in geological and geophysical measuring casings
US4453401A (en) * 1982-03-12 1984-06-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Pressure sensor and soil stress isolation filter arrangement in a pore pressure probe
US4619320A (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-10-28 Memory Metals, Inc. Subsurface well safety valve and control system
US4662442A (en) * 1985-01-30 1987-05-05 Telemac Process and device for casing a borehole for the measurement of the interstitial pressure of a porous medium
US5159146A (en) * 1991-09-04 1992-10-27 James V. Carisella Methods and apparatus for selectively arming well bore explosive tools
EP0705941A1 (fr) * 1992-09-21 1996-04-10 Khalil Fahmy Iskander Appareil à membrane à piezo-incliné
EP0656460A2 (fr) * 1993-11-17 1995-06-07 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Méthode et dispositif de contrôle de réservoir souterrains
US6102122A (en) * 1997-06-11 2000-08-15 Shell Oil Company Control of heat injection based on temperature and in-situ stress measurement
US6138752A (en) * 1997-06-11 2000-10-31 Shell Oil Company Method and apparatus to determine subterrranean formation stress
US6131658A (en) * 1998-03-16 2000-10-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Method for permanent emplacement of sensors inside casing
US6176313B1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2001-01-23 Shell Oil Company Method and tool for fracturing an underground formation
EP0984135A2 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2000-03-08 Schlumberger Holdings Limited Mesure de pression d'une formation avec capteurs à distance dans des puits cuvelés
WO2000026501A1 (fr) * 1998-11-04 2000-05-11 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Systeme de forage comprenant un conduit et un dispositif extensible
WO2000065195A1 (fr) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-02 Marathon Oil Company Appareil de perforation transporte avec le tubage, et procede correspondant
GB2366578A (en) * 2000-09-09 2002-03-13 Schlumberger Holdings Cement lining a wellbore having sensors therein

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1999973A2 (fr) * 2006-03-30 2008-12-10 Welldynamics, B.V. Ensemble de communication de pression exterieur à un tubage avec connectivité à une source de pression
EP1999973A4 (fr) * 2006-03-30 2014-09-17 Welldynamics B V Ensemble de communication de pression exterieur à un tubage avec connectivité à une source de pression
WO2013052996A1 (fr) 2011-10-11 2013-04-18 Ian Gray Système de détection de pression de formation géologique
US9435188B2 (en) 2011-10-11 2016-09-06 Ian Gray Formation pressure sensing system
AU2012323825B2 (en) * 2011-10-11 2017-03-30 Gray, Ian Dr Formation pressure sensing system
US10837750B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2020-11-17 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for automated loading of blastholes and methods related thereto
US11680782B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2023-06-20 Dyno Nobel Inc. Systems for automated loading of blastholes and methods related thereto
CN111119860A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-05-08 山东科技大学 一种感知孔内压力分布状态的压杆
CN111119860B (zh) * 2019-12-23 2023-01-10 山东科技大学 一种感知孔内压力分布状态的压杆

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002342775A1 (en) 2003-04-14
WO2003029614A3 (fr) 2003-10-30

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