WO2003012218A1 - Antifungal gypsum board - Google Patents
Antifungal gypsum board Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003012218A1 WO2003012218A1 PCT/US2002/024765 US0224765W WO03012218A1 WO 2003012218 A1 WO2003012218 A1 WO 2003012218A1 US 0224765 W US0224765 W US 0224765W WO 03012218 A1 WO03012218 A1 WO 03012218A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gypsum board
- gypsum
- antifungal
- chloride
- antifungal agent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000228 cetalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DTOUUUZOYKYHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-5-methyl-1,3-diazinan-5-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN1CN(CC(CC)CCCC)CC(C)(N)C1 DTOUUUZOYKYHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFVVNPBBFUSSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N alexidine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CNC(=N)NC(=N)NCCCCCCNC(=N)NC(=N)NCC(CC)CCCC LFVVNPBBFUSSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950010221 alexidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002798 cetrimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000800 cetrimonium bromide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004867 hexetidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940057981 stearalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- ICUTUKXCWQYESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triclocarban Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 ICUTUKXCWQYESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001325 triclocarban Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1CO1 PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QDYLMAYUEZBUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetalkonium chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QDYLMAYUEZBUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 pulp Substances 0.000 description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(triethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SXPWTBGAZSPLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SXPWTBGAZSPLHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- CSPHGSFZFWKVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)CCl CSPHGSFZFWKVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZPWGXNJORULY-GORDUTHDSA-N (e)-3-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1\C=C\C(O)=O WWZPWGXNJORULY-GORDUTHDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYDIJFKNXHPWBJ-FBBRVDCYSA-M (s)-[(2r,4s,5r)-1-benzyl-5-ethenyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)C3=CC=NC4=CC=C(C=C43)OC)C[N+]21CC1=CC=CC=C1 JYDIJFKNXHPWBJ-FBBRVDCYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AJBWDFPJLDDEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-bromoethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound CC(Br)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 AJBWDFPJLDDEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHZGFKQNNNCJPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1N1C(=O)CCC1 CHZGFKQNNNCJPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDGWQMRUWMSZIU-LQDDAWAPSA-M 2,3-bis[(z)-octadec-9-enoxy]propyl-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCC(C[N+](C)(C)C)OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC LDGWQMRUWMSZIU-LQDDAWAPSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CTFOHWIEFNJZHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methylanilino)acetic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(NCC(O)=O)C=C1 CTFOHWIEFNJZHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSULOORXQBDPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethanehydrazonate;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(=O)NN YSULOORXQBDPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHIQLFRCVFUYEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-acetyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C SHIQLFRCVFUYEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MMVPLEUBMWUYIB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-acetyloxypropyl(trimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)OC(C)=O MMVPLEUBMWUYIB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVFHQENRNSAHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-benzoyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QVFHQENRNSAHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VPJXQGSRWJZDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 2-carbamoyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(N)=O VPJXQGSRWJZDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BBJUKVPDIPYNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-dodecanoyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C BBJUKVPDIPYNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJCWKVUUIFLXNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO JJCWKVUUIFLXNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FOILINVEQJRMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxypropyl(trimethyl)azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC(O)C[N+](C)(C)C FOILINVEQJRMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GQVKRDRDFJTFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-4,6-dimethyl-[1,2]thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C2C(Br)=NSC2=N1 GQVKRDRDFJTFEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVLPDIRQWJSXLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypyridine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CN=CC=C1C=O NVLPDIRQWJSXLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLHAOZBTDOCPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-sulfopropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[NH3+]CCCS(O)(=O)=O QLHAOZBTDOCPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MTCUAOILFDZKCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decamethonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C MTCUAOILFDZKCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003091 Methocel™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- GEYBMYRBIABFTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-methyltyrosine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(N)C(O)=O)C=C1 GEYBMYRBIABFTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEJGGHKJHDHLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Valethamate bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](C)(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C(C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 CEJGGHKJHDHLAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N [(1r,2s,4r,5r)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyloxy-6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl] 4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)O[C@H]1C(O)[C@@H](OS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O2 NJSSICCENMLTKO-HRCBOCMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWNSDRXLCSSKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Br-].[Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC DWNSDRXLCSSKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZUNGHUWHMVXIIF-UHFFFAOYSA-L [I-].[I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC Chemical compound [I-].[I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC ZUNGHUWHMVXIIF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- KTLFENNEPHBKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-K benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1.C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1.C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KTLFENNEPHBKJD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXOIZCJOOAYSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinylcholine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C AXOIZCJOOAYSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940120904 succinylcholine chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDVYDCKEPDMCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium bromodiiodide Chemical compound Br[I-]I.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC HDVYDCKEPDMCAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC WGHUNMFFLAMBJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PUZYNDBTWXJXKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC PUZYNDBTWXJXKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZYSDERHSJJEJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis-decylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC ZYSDERHSJJEJDS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRYQZMHVZZSQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)C MRYQZMHVZZSQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RXMRGBVLCSYIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)C RXMRGBVLCSYIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZCWKIFAQRXNZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O ZCWKIFAQRXNZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJFVITRRNTVAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetramethylazanium;sulfate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KJFVITRRNTVAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QQZIUHOKWDFXEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribromo(nitro)methane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C(Br)(Br)Br QQZIUHOKWDFXEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIUZJTWSUGSWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethyl(methyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(CC)CC NIUZJTWSUGSWJI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triiodide Chemical compound I[I-]I WRTMQOHKMFDUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNJMYRYCYNAIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(2-tetradecanoyloxyethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C CNJMYRYCYNAIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MQAYPFVXSPHGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(phenyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MQAYPFVXSPHGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ARMLJSXXXFXSLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L trimethyl-[10-(trimethylazaniumyl)decyl]azanium;diiodide Chemical compound [I-].[I-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C ARMLJSXXXFXSLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OEIXGLMQZVLOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-(prop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCNC(=O)C=C OEIXGLMQZVLOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFPOZPZYPNVMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 BFPOZPZYPNVMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VKZIUXSJJSEBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 VKZIUXSJJSEBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAPSXSAPXXJTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-L trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C FAPSXSAPXXJTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PRXNKYBFWAWBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphenylammonium tribromide Chemical compound Br[Br-]Br.C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PRXNKYBFWAWBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005251 valethamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/043—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of plaster
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
- Y10T428/232—Encased layer derived from inorganic settable ingredient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31993—Of paper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
- Y10T428/31993—Of paper
- Y10T428/31996—Next to layer of metal salt [e.g., plasterboard, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to gypsum board and methods for making gypsum board. More specifically, the present invention relates to gypsum board possessing antifungal properties and methods of making same. Description of Related Art
- Gypsum board which is sold as wall board and drywall, is a common building material used in various applications including interior walls, partitions and ceiling construction.
- Commercial gypsum board products are popular for a variety of reasons. They are durable, economical and fire-retardant. In addition, these boards provide excellent compressive-strength properties and a relatively low density. Finally, they are easily decorated and are therefore attractive as surfacing materials, especially for interior construction.
- gypsum board is normally used in interior construction where exposure to moisture is limited.
- products used in interior construction sometimes encounter water due to seepage, leaky roofs or pipes, flooding, condensation, and the like, arising out of construction defects or other events unrelated to the manufacture of the gypsum board.
- a number of mechanisms result in the exposure of gypsum board products to moisture.
- traditional gypsum board products are susceptible to fungal growth.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention include a novel gypsum board comprising an effective amount of an antifungal agent such that fungal growth on or in the board is inhibited.
- the antifungal agent is cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), a quaternary ammonium compound.
- CPC cetyl pyridinium chloride
- the gypsum board comprises from about 0.01 to about 1.5 weight percent CPC based on the dry weight of the gypsum in the board. More preferably, the gypsum board comprises between about 0.5 and about 1.0 weight percent CPC based on the dry weight of the gypsum in the board.
- the CPC is encapsulated in an encapsulator so that it is released over time and/or upon exposure to moisture.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention also include methods of preparing the novel gypsum board described above.
- CPC is incorporated onto or into the gypsum core by premixing CPC with the water, premixing the CPC with the gypsum powder, admixing the CPC with both the water and gypsum powder prior to or in the slurry mixer, and/or adding CPC to a mixed gypsum slurry via a secondary or in-line mixer.
- a CPC solution is sprayed onto the front and/or back paper facings.
- CPC is incorporated into the front and/or back paper facings as they are manufactured.
- the present invention derives from the discovery that an effective antifungal agent exhibits compatibility with gypsum board without diminishing the qualities of the gypsum board.
- the mechanical properties of the gypsum board such as density, breakstrengths, bond strength, core end and edge hardness, modulus of flexibility and the like are substantially unchanged by the addition of the antifungal agent.
- a given mechanical property preferably remains within the parameters of governing standards — e.g., ASTM standards. Consequently, the novel gypsum board product achieves the structural, economic and other benefits of gypsum board while also offering significant resistance to fungal growth.
- the novel gypsum board product can be prepared according to methods that are cost- effective and commercially viable.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention include a novel gypsum board comprised of a gypsum core, paper surfacing bonded to both sides of the core, and an antifungal agent.
- a gypsum core comprised of gypsum powder, water and optionally foam, pulp, starch and/or set controlling agents.
- the gypsum core is sandwiched between two sheets that are commonly referred to as the front and back paper facings.
- the front paper facing is generally a light-colored, smoothly textured paper designed to face into the interior of the building.
- the back paper facing is typically a darker, less smoothly-textured paper designed not to be seen. Any material suitable as a front and/or back paper facing is within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, without limiting the scope of the invention, the preferred embodiments comprise front and back paper facings comprised of a cellulosic material.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention also employ an antifungal agent, as used herein meaning and including all agents, materials, and combinations thereof providing antimicrobial activity.
- Preferred antimicrobial agents are those of the type and in an amount effective for inhibiting the growth and/or formation of microbes such as bacteria and/or fungi. Any known antifungal agent compatible with gypsum board composition and manufacturing processes and providing the desired biocidal, antifungal, antimycogen, antibacterial, and/or like activity in the gypsum board may be employed with the present invention.
- antifungal agents include, for example, chlorhexidine, alexidine, cetyl pyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, cetalkonium chloride, cetrimide, cetrimonium bromide, glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride, stearalkonium chloride, hexetidine, triclosan and triclocarban.
- a preferred class of antifungal agents is quaternary ammonium compounds, including but not limited to the following compounds:
- Acetylcholine Iodide Acetylthiocholine Iodide Benzoylcholine Iodide Benzoylthiocholine Iodide Benzyltriethylammonium Iodide «-Butyrylcholine Iodide w-Butyrylthiocholine Iodide Decamethonium Iodide N 5 N-Dimethylmethyleneammonium Iodide Ethyltrimethylammonium Iodide Ethyltri- «-propylammonium Iodide (Ferrocenylmethyl)trimethylammonium Iodide (2-Hydroxyethyl)triethylammonium Iodide ⁇ -Methylcholine Iodide O- ⁇ -Naphthyloxycarbonylcholine Iodide Phenyltriethylammonium Iodide Phenyltrimethylammonium Iodide Tetra-»-
- Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid Tetra- «-butylammonium Salt [0012]
- the preferred embodiments employ cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) as an antifungal agent.
- CPC cetyl pyridinium chloride
- the preferred embodiments are only exemplary: references herein to antifungal agents in general and CPC in particular are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- Cetyl pyridinium chloride also known as CPC or n-hexadecyl pyridinium chloride — is a cationic surfactant comprised of a hydrophilic quaternary ammonium moiety and a hydrophobic alkane moiety.
- CPC Cetyl Pyridinium Chloride
- CPC is commonly believed to possess biocidal activity due to its ability to bind readily to the negatively-charged cell walls of various microbes and to impact membrane integrity and function. It is a potent antifungal, antimycogen, and antibacterial chemical.
- CPC is commonly available in a powder form as a monohydrate manufactured by Zeeland/Cambrex and available from Johnson Matthey Catalog Company Inc. of Ward Hill, Massachusetts, among others.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention employ an amount of CPC effective at inhibiting fungal, bacterial, and the like growth in or on the gypsum board.
- the amount of CPC in and/or on the gypsum board is between about 0.01 and about 1.5 weight percent of the dry weight of the gypsum in the board. More preferably, the amount of CPC present in and/or on the gypsum board is between about 0.5 and about 1.0 weight percent of the dry weight of the gypsum in the board.
- the CPC is primarily present in the gypsum core. According to other preferred embodiments, the CPC is primarily located on one or both of the front and back paper facings, and more preferably on the outer surface of the front and back paper facings. According to yet other preferred embodiments, the CPC is primarily located in one or both of the front and back paper facings.
- the present invention includes a novel method for the production of gypsum board comprising the addition of an antifungal agent during gypsum board manufacturing.
- the antifungal agent is added during manufacturing in an amount that yields an effective amount of the antifungal agent in and/or on the board such that fungal, bacterial, and the like formation and/or growth in and/or on the board is inhibited.
- the finished gypsum board product comprises an amount of antifungal agent equal to from about 0.01 to about 1.5 weight percent of the dry weight of the gypsum in the board. More preferably, the finished gypsum board product comprises an amount of antifungal agent equal to from about 0.5 to about 1.0 weight percent of the dry weight of the gypsum in the board.
- the gypsum board production process typically commences with the mining and transportation of gypsum rock. Once mined, the gypsum rock is crushed and ground into a fine powder. Alternatively, gypsum powder can be created synthetically. This powder is then subjected to a calcining process in which moisture is removed by heating.
- the novel gypsum board of the present invention may be prepared by any method capable of incorporating effective quantities of an agent having effective antifungal, antibacterial, and/or like activity into or onto the gypsum board product. Therefore, without limiting the scope of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise mixing gypsum powder with water to form a gypsum slurry. Optionally, one or more of foam, pulp, starch and/or set controlling agents may be added to the slurry.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise a gypsum board manufacturing process in which the slurry is deposited between two unwinding rolls of absorbent paper on a conveyor belt.
- Conveyor belts useful in gypsum board processing typically reach lengths of from about 200 to about 1000 feet. This belt may be operated at a speed of from about 50 to about 200 feet per minute and typically at about 110 feet per minute. This process results in a continuous sandwich of gypsum core between the two paper layers or facings.
- the forming gypsum board is cast as a sheet having a three-layer structure: a gypsum core having front and back paper facings.
- the sandwich then passes through a forming station that establishes the width and thickness of the gypsum board.
- the slurry reverts to a solid gypsum matrix.
- the gypsum core molds and hardens, it becomes firmly bonded to the outer paper layers.
- the continuous board is cut to a desired length and passed through dryers to remove excess moisture.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention also comprise the addition of the antifungal agent during the gypsum board manufacturing process.
- the antifungal agent may be added by any method capable of incorporating effective quantities of such agent into or onto the gypsum board product. Therefore, without limiting the scope of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise adding the antifungal agent into and/or onto the gypsum core and/or by depositing the antifungal agent into and/or onto the front and/or back paper facings.
- the antifiingal agent may be added to the gypsum slurry in any way capable of incorporating effective quantities of such agent into the gypsum core.
- Methods for adding CPC in solution form, powder form, or both during formation of the gypsum slurry include, but are not limited to, premixing CPC with the water, premixing the CPC with the gypsum powder, admixing the CPC with both the water and gypsum powder prior to or in the slurry mixer, or adding CPC to a mixed gypsum slurry via a secondary or in-line mixer.
- dry CPC powder is added (via screw feeder) to dry gypsum powder prior to mixing with water to form the slurry.
- a CPC solution is co-metered with water to a slurry mixer and mixed with gypsum powder therein.
- the CPC solution preferably comprises from about 5 to about 20 weight percent CPC based on the total weight of the solution, provided however that the concentration and or addition rate of the CPC solution can be adjusted to match the manufacturing conditions (such as line speed, in linear feet per minute) and product specifications (such as desired concentration of CPC in the final board product, board thickness, etc.).
- the amount of CPC and addition rate thereof is adjusted to achieve an effective amount of CPC in the gypsum board for inhibiting fungal, bacterial, and the like formation and growth thereon, as discussed previously.
- the CPC solution is sprayed onto the front and/or back paper facings, which may occur at one or more points in the manufacturing process.
- the CPC solution can be sprayed onto the paper facings prior to or as they are unrolled to form the sheets, after the sheets have been formed, before and/or after drying the sheets, and/or after the sheets have been cut into boards.
- the CPC may be sprayed onto the inner surface, the outer surface, or both of the front and/or back paper facings.
- the CPC solution for spraying comprises from about 5 to about 20 weight percent CPC based on the total weight of the solution.
- the CPC may be added to one or both of the paper facings during manufacture of the paper facings.
- Adding CPC to the front and/or back paper facing may be in addition to or as a substitute for adding CPC to the gypsum core of the board as described above.
- gypsum boards may have the following configurations: CPC treated core and untreated facings; untreated core and one or both CPC treated facings; and CPC treated core and one or both CPC treated facings.
- Antifungal agents such as CPC frequently exhibit some toxicity to humans and animals. Consequently, minimizing human and animal exposure to CPC and other antifungal agents is desirable.
- the gypsum board should maintain its antifungal efficacy over an extended period of time.
- the preferred embodiments of the present invention include gypsum board products specifically formulated to release an active antifungal agent slowly over time or upon becoming wet such that the antifungal properties and activity of the board are maintained at an effective level over time.
- the preferred embodiments also include methods for making same.
- a time-release antifungal agent may comprise an active antifungal agent combined with additional materials such as polymer binders or encapsulators to achieve the desired release profile of the active antifungal ingredient from the board over time or upon wetting.
- the active antifungal agent is CPC and the encapsulator is J5MS Methocel hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, available from the Dow Chemical Company.
- an active ingredient such as CPC may be physically adhered within the gypsum core (for example, encapsulated by calcium within the gypsum core) or on/in the paper facings such that the CPC is released upon wetting of the gypsum core and/or paper facings.
- Methods for encapsulating active materials to achieve controlled release over time and/or upon wetting are well known and any such methods and processes are within the scope of the present invention.
- Example [0024] A manufacturing trial was conducted at the gypsum board plant in Fletcher, Oklahoma to produce first and second sets of 0.5 inch thick sample gypsum boards comprising about 0.5 and about 1.0 weight percent CPC, respectively, based on the dry weight of the gypsum in the board.
- the board manufacturing line was run at a speed of 255 linear feet per minute, and separate 5 minute trials were conducted for each set of sample boards.
- the total water in the gypsum slurry was 1133 pounds per thousand square feet per minute of run time (Ibs/MSF/min), for a total of 5665 lbs and the total dry gypsum powder was 1300 Ibs/MSF/min of run time, for a total of 6500 lbs.
- 0.005 x 6500 32.5 lbs of CPC was added to the slurry as a 15 weight percent CPC solution, based on total weight of the solution.
- CPC-treated gypsum board can effectively suppress bacterial and fungal growth. It is currently believed that appropriately treated gypsum board will exhibit broad- based resistance to a wide variety of microbes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02768422A EP1421242A1 (en) | 2001-08-03 | 2002-08-01 | Antifungal gypsum board |
US10/244,984 US6680127B2 (en) | 2001-08-03 | 2002-09-17 | Antifungal gypsum board |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US31044201P | 2001-08-03 | 2001-08-03 | |
US60/310,442 | 2001-08-03 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/210,680 Continuation US6773822B2 (en) | 2001-08-03 | 2002-08-01 | Antifungal gypsum board |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003012218A1 true WO2003012218A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
Family
ID=23202514
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/024765 WO2003012218A1 (en) | 2001-08-03 | 2002-08-01 | Antifungal gypsum board |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6773822B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1421242A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003012218A1 (en) |
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US6743830B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2004-06-01 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Construction board materials with engineered microstructures |
US6841232B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2005-01-11 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Reinforced wallboard |
US6902797B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2005-06-07 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Gypsum-based composite materials reinforced by cellulose ethers |
JP2005159535A (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | Audio broadcast receiver and receiving method |
US7105587B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2006-09-12 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Method and composition for polymer-reinforced composite cementitious construction material |
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US7767010B2 (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2010-08-03 | Smt, Inc. | Flame retardant and microbe inhibiting methods and compositions |
US8715540B2 (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2014-05-06 | MG3 Technologies Inc. | Aqueous and dry duel-action flame and smoke retardant and microbe inhibiting compositions, and related methods |
WO2003104583A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-18 | Microban Products Company | Antimicrobial wallboard |
US6893752B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2005-05-17 | United States Gypsum Company | Mold-resistant gypsum panel and method of making same |
WO2004076770A1 (en) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-09-10 | Quick-Med Technologies, Inc. | Improved antifungal gypsum board |
US20050106336A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-19 | Microban Products Company | Cementitious slab products having antimicrobial properties |
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US6743830B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2004-06-01 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Construction board materials with engineered microstructures |
US7105587B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 | 2006-09-12 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Method and composition for polymer-reinforced composite cementitious construction material |
US6841232B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2005-01-11 | Innovative Construction And Building Materials | Reinforced wallboard |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6773822B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
US20030035981A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
EP1421242A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
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