WO2003010253A1 - Polymeric compositions - Google Patents
Polymeric compositions Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003010253A1 WO2003010253A1 PCT/EP2002/008194 EP0208194W WO03010253A1 WO 2003010253 A1 WO2003010253 A1 WO 2003010253A1 EP 0208194 W EP0208194 W EP 0208194W WO 03010253 A1 WO03010253 A1 WO 03010253A1
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- polyester
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- methjacryloyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D167/06—Unsaturated polyesters having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation
- C09D167/07—Unsaturated polyesters having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
- C08F290/12—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated side groups
- C08F290/14—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
- C08F299/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates
- C08F299/026—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates from the reaction products of polyepoxides and unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halogenides or esters with low molecular weight
- C08F299/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates from the reaction products of polyepoxides and unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, their anhydrides, halogenides or esters with low molecular weight photopolymerisable compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
- C09D163/10—Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2150/00—Compositions for coatings
- C08G2150/20—Compositions for powder coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2650/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
- C08G2650/56—Polyhydroxyethers, e.g. phenoxy resins
Definitions
- the present invention concerns powder compositions, hardenable by radiation usable as paint or varnish, comprising a mixture of at least one (meth)acryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin and at least one (methjacryloyl group containing resin different from the hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, and optionally at least one (methjacryloyl group containing oligomer.
- the powder compositions of the present invention may be especially suited for coating over metal and heat-sensitive substrates and combine, upon melting at low temperatures and curing by radiation, a series of properties such as good flow along with an outstanding solvent resistance, flexibility and outdoor durability. Thus these radiation curable powders may exhibit improved weathering and chemical resistance.
- Powder coatings which are dry, finely divided, free flowing, solid materials at room temperature, have gained considerable popularity in recent years over liquid coatings.
- thermosetting powder coatings generally are cured at temperatures of at least 140°C. Below this recommended temperature the coatings have poor appearance as well as poor physical and chemical properties.
- powder coatings are generally not employed in coating heat-sensitive substrates such as wood and plastic or assembled metallic parts containing heat-sensitive compounds. Heat-sensitive substrates or compounds both demand low curing temperatures, preferably below 140°C, to avoid significant degradation and/or deformation.
- UV curable powder coating compositions derived from ethylenically unsaturated group containing polyesters, acrylic copolymers or epoxy resins, among others, already have been extensively illustrated.
- EP 2164254 (BASF) describes powder coatings based on unsaturated polyesters, acrylic copolymers, epoxy resins and other polymers containing unsaturated double bonds.
- US 4, 129,488 (SCM Corporation N.Y.) discloses powder paint coatings suitable for UV curing comprising a specific spatial arrangement of ethylenically unsaturated polymers.
- the (meth) acrylic unsaturated polymer is a spatial specific epoxy-polyester polymer, produced in a step-wise process, with a number average molecular weight between 1000 and 10 000, providing suitable crystallinity to the free flowing powder and exhibiting a sharp melting point, between 80 and 200°C, for excellent flow.
- the powder paints derived from the spatial specific epoxy polyester polymer prove excellent hardness, desirable flexibility and good MEK resistance.
- radiation curable powder coating compositions based on a binder comprising a particular mixture of at least one (meth)acryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, at least (meth)acryloyl group containing resin, different from the hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, and optionally at least one (metl jacryloyl group containing oligomer, upon application and curing exhibit an excellent combination of flexibility, solvent resistance and outdoor durability.
- composition capable of being cured by radiation upon melting, the composition comprising:
- the (methjacryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin may be prepared from the reaction of the glycidyl group of the hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin with: (meth)acrylic acid and the reaction product of an hydroxyal ylester of (meth) acrylic acid such as hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate with an anhydride such as phthalic anhydride or succinic anhydride.
- the (meth)acryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin For the preparation of the (meth)acryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, use is generally made of a conventional reactor equipped with a stirrer, an inlet for oxygen, an inlet for the (methjacryloyl group containing carboxylic acid group containing compound and a thermometer connected to a thermoregulator.
- a radical polymerisation inhibitor is added in a proportion of e.g. 0.01 to 1 % with respect to the weight of the epoxy resin.
- a substantial equivalent amount of the (meth)acryloyl group containing carboxylic acid group containing compound is then slowly added to the molten epoxy resin.
- a catalyst for the acid/ epoxy reaction can optionally be used.
- catalysts examples include amines (e.g. 2-phenylimidazoline), phosphines (e.g. tri- phenyl phosphine), ammonium salts (e.g. tetrabutylammonium bromide or tetra-propyl ammonium chloride), phosphonium salts (e.g. ethyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide or terra propyl phosphonium chloride). These catalysts are preferably used in an amount of 0.05 to 1% with respect to the weight of the epoxy resin.
- amines e.g. 2-phenylimidazoline
- phosphines e.g. tri- phenyl phosphine
- ammonium salts e.g. tetrabutylammonium bromide or tetra-propyl ammonium chloride
- phosphonium salts e.g. ethyl triphenyl phosphon
- the degree of progression of the reaction is monitored by determination of the properties of the ethylenically unsaturated group containing resin obtained, such as acid number, hydroxyl number and the degree of unsaturation.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resins incorporated in the compositions in accordance with the present invention preferably exhibit a degree of unsaturation of 0.2 to 6.0, particularly of 0.5 to 4.5 milliequivalents of double bonds per gram of resin, and in a specifically preferred embodiment additionally exhibit one or more of following characteristics: a number average molecular weight (Mn) from 450 to 5000, preferably between 650 and 3500, measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) a glass transition temperature (Tg) determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to ASTM D3418, from 30 to 80°C and/or a viscosity in the molten state measured at 200°C with a cone/plate viscometer (known under the name of ICI viscosity) according to ASTM D4287, of less than 20 000 mPa.s.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesters of the present invention are amorphous or semi- crystalline and are prepared from the reaction of a hydroxyl or carboxylic acid functional polyester with a (meth)acryloyl group containing monomer having functional groups reactable with the functional groups of the polyester.
- hydroxyl or carboxylic acid functional polyester For the preparation of the hydroxyl or carboxylic acid functional polyester use is being made of one or more aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polyacids and one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols.
- Suitable aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic acids include among others: phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3- cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, 1, 12-dodecanedioic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and their anhydrides, alone or as a mixture.
- Suitable aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols include among others: ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8- octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1, 10-decanediol, 1,11-undecanediol, 1, 12-dodecanediol, 2-methyl- 1,3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-butyl-2-methyl- 1,3-propanediol, hydroxy pivalate ester of neopentyl glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated Bisphenol A, 2,2,4, 4-tetramethyl- 1 , 3-cyclo
- the hydroxyl or carboxylic acid group containing polyesters of the present invention are prepared according a procedure comprising one or more reaction steps.
- the hydroxyl or carboxyl functional group containing polyester in the molten state which is found in the reactor, is allowed to cool to a temperature between 100 and 160°C, and a radical polymerisation inhibitor, such as phenothiazine or an inhibitor of the hydroquinone type, is added in a proportion of e.g. 0.01 to 1% with respect to the weight of the polyester and the nitrogen is replaced by an oxygen inlet.
- a radical polymerisation inhibitor such as phenothiazine or an inhibitor of the hydroquinone type
- a catalyst for the hydroxyl/isocyanate reaction can optionally be used.
- catalysts include organo-tin compounds (e.g. dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dimaleate, dibutyltin oxide, stannous octoate, l,3-diacetoxy-l,l,3,3-tetrabutyl-distanoxane). These catalysts are preferably used in an amount of 0 to 1% with respect to the weight of the polyester.
- a catalyst for the acid/epoxy reaction can optionally be used.
- catalysts include amines (e.g. 2-phenylimidazoline), phosphines (e.g. triphenylphosphine), ammonium salts (e.g. tetrabutylammonium bromide or tetrapropylammonium chloride), phosphonium salts (e.g. ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide or tetrapropylphosphonium chloride). These catalysts are preferably used in an amount of 0.05 to 1% with respect to the weight of the polyester.
- the degree of progression of the reaction is monitored by determination of the properties of the polyester obtained, for example the hydroxyl number, the acid number, the degree of unsaturation and/ or the content of free glycidyl(meth)acrylate or hydoxyalkyl(meth)acrylate.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesters of the present invention are characterised with a number average molecular weight (Mn) from 800 to 16 000 and preferably from 1 300 to
- Tg glass transition temperature
- 60 to 150°C melting temperature
- a glass transition temperature of less than 50 C C when the polyester is semi-crystalline a degree of unsaturation ranging from 0.15 to 2.00 and preferably from 0.35 to 1.50 milliequivalents of double bonds per gram of polyester and an ICI cone/plate viscosity of less than 50 000 mPa.s measured at 200°C.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesteramides of the present invention are prepared from the reaction of glycidyl(methjacrylate with a carboxyl group terminated polyesteramide, said polyesteramide being prepared from the reaction of a carboxyl group terminated polyester with a diamine.
- the carboxyl group terminated polyesters used for the synthesis of the polyesteramides are prepared from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic polyacids used in a mixture or alone, and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols used in a mixture or alone, both, the polyacids and the polyols being selected among these examples as recited earlier for the preparation of the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesters.
- diamines which can be used, either alone or in combination, for the preparation of the polyesteramides are selected from ethylenediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, 1,5- pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, 1,4- cyclohexanediamine, 2,2-dimethyl- 1 ,3-propanediamine, N-(2-aminoethylJ- 1 ,2-ethanediamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-dia ninodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 3,3'- dm ⁇ ethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diarr ⁇ inodiphenylmethane and analogous compounds.
- polyesteramides used for the preparation of the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesteramides are prepared accordingly a two or more step procedure process as claimed in US 5,306,786.
- a substantially equivalent amount of glycidyl(methjacrylate is added thereto, accordingly a procedure as described above for the preparation of the methjacryloyl group containing polyesters starting from the carboxylic acid group functional polyester, to end up with a (methjacryloyl group containing polyesteramide characterised by a number average molecular weight (MnJ from 800 to 16 000 and preferably from 1 300 to 8 500, a glass transition temperature (Tg) from 40 to 70°C when the polyester is amorphous, a degree of unsaturation ranging from 0.15 to 2.00 and preferably from 0.35 to 1.50 milliequivalents of double bonds per gram of polyester and an ICI cone/plate viscosity of less than 50 000 mPa.s measured at 200°C.
- MnJ number average molecular weight
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the (methjacryloyl group containing polyurethanes of the present invention are prepared from the reaction of an hydroxyalkyl(methJacrylate and a polyol -with a polyisocyanate.
- the polyol used for the preparation of the (methjacryloyl group containing polyurethanes are chosen among the C2 - C15 aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols, polyester polyols or polyether polyols.
- C2-i5aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols are ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4- butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 1, 10-decanediol, 1, 11-undecanediol, 1, 12-dodecanediol, 2-methyl- 1,3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-butyl-2-methyl- 1,3-propanediol, hydroxypivalate ester of neopentyl glycol, 1,4- cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, hydrogenated Bisphenol A, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl- 1,3-cyclobutane
- the polyester polyols characterised by number average molecular weight (MnJ from 8200 to 4000, are prepared from a stoichiometric excess of an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyol with an aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyacid, the polyacids and the polyols being selected among those recited earlier for the preparation of the (methjacryloyl group containing polyesters of polyesteramides.
- MnJ number average molecular weight
- polyether polyols examples are polyoxyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxybutylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, block copolymers, for example, combinations of polyoxypropylene and polyoxyethylene glycols, poly-l,2-oxybutylene and polyoxyethylene glycols, poly-l,4-tetramethylene and polyoxyethylene glycols, and copolymer glycols prepared from blends or sequential addition of two or more alkylene oxides.
- the polyalkylene polyether polyols may be prepared by any known process such as, for example, the process disclosed in Encyclopaedia Technology, Vol. 7, pp. 257 - 262, published by Interscience Publishers, Inc. (1951).
- the hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate used for the preparation of the (methjacryloyl group containing polyurethanes are hydroxyalkylesters of acrylic or methacrylic acid preferably having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the hydroxyalkyl group such as hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, 2- and 3- hydroxypropyl(methJacrylate and 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxybutyl(methJacrylate.
- Preparation of the polyurethanes by reacting the above mentioned starting components may be carried out in inert solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or toluene, preferably at reaction temperatures of 20 to 100°C.
- the reaction is preferably carried out by reacting the polyisocyanate with the hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate in a first reaction step and then reacting the resulting reaction product with the polyol.
- the reaction may be accelerated by the use of suitable catalysts such as tin octoate, dibutyltin dilaurate or tertiary arnines such as dimethylbenzylamine.
- suitable catalysts such as tin octoate, dibutyltin dilaurate or tertiary arnines such as dimethylbenzylamine.
- the polyurethane or urethane acrylate obtained as the reaction product may be protected against premature, unwanted polymerisation by the addition of suitable inhibitors and antioxidants such as phenols and/ or hydroquinones in quantities of 0.001 to 0.300% by weight, based on the polyurethane.
- suitable inhibitors and antioxidants such as phenols and/ or hydroquinones in quantities of 0.001 to 0.300% by weight, based on the polyurethane.
- auxiliary agents may be added before, during and/or after the reaction which results in the polyurethane.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing polyurethanes of the present invention are characterised by a number average molecular weight (Mn) from 800 to 15 000 and preferably from 1 300 to 8 500, a glass transition temperature (Tg) from 40 to 100°C, a degree of unsaturation ranging from 0.15 to 0.20 and preferably from 0.35 to 1.50 milliequivalents of double bonds per gram of polyurethane and an ICI cone/plate viscosity of less than 100 000 mPa.s measured at 200°C.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tg glass transition temperature
- a degree of unsaturation ranging from 0.15 to 0.20 and preferably from 0.35 to 1.50 milliequivalents of double bonds per gram of polyurethane
- an ICI cone/plate viscosity of less than 100 000 mPa.s measured at 200°C.
- the (meth)acryloyl group containing acrylic copolymers of the powder composition of the present invention are prepared from the reaction of (meth)acryloyl group containing monomers having functional groups with an acrylic copolymer having functional groups being capable of reacting with the functional groups of the (methjacryloyl group containing monomers.
- the acrylic copolymer having readable functional groups is composed of from 40 to 95% mole of at least one acrylic or methacrylic monomer, from 0 to 60% mole of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 5 to 60% mole of an (methjacryloyl group containing monomer having functional groups selected from epoxy, carboxyl, hydroxyl or isocyanate groups.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing acrylic copolymer of the powder composition of the present invention is prepared accordingly a two step process.
- the acrylate copolymer is prepared in a conventional polymerisation process, such as polymerisation in bulk, in emulsion, or in solution in an organic solvent, in which a certain portion of functional monomer is copolymerised to obtain a functionalised acrylate copolymer.
- a conventional polymerisation process such as polymerisation in bulk, in emulsion, or in solution in an organic solvent, in which a certain portion of functional monomer is copolymerised to obtain a functionalised acrylate copolymer.
- This functional monomer which is usually present in amounts of between 5 and 60% mole, is preferably an epoxy - functional monomer, for example on the basis of glycidyl (methjacrylate.
- acid-functional monomers for example on the basis of (methjacrylic acid, hydroxyl- functional monomers, for example on the basis of hydroxyethyl (methjacrylate, or isocyanate- functional monomers, for example on the basis of T (benzene, l-(l-isocyanato-l-methylethyl)- 4-(l-methylethenylJJ or MOI (2-isocyanatoethylmethacrylateJ also can be used.
- the monomers are copolymerised in the presence of free-radical initiator such as benzoyl peroxide, tert.-butyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, azo-bis-isobutyronitrile, and the like, in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the monomers.
- free-radical initiator such as benzoyl peroxide, tert.-butyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, azo-bis-isobutyronitrile, and the like, in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the monomers.
- Useful monomers for the preparation of the acrylic copolymer are methyl(meth)acrylate, ethyl(meth)acrylate, propyl(meth) acrylate, n- butyl(methjacrylate, isobutyl(meth)acrylate, tert.-butyl(methj acrylate, 2- ethylhexyl(methjacrylate, stearyl(meth)acrylate, tridecyl(methjacrylate, cyclohexyl(meth)acrylate, benzyl(methjacrylate, benzyl(meth)acrylate, phenyl(meth)acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl(rnethJacrylate, ⁇ ethylaminoethyl(methJacrylate, polysrloxane (methjacrylate and caprolactone(methJacrylate. These monomers usually are present in amounts between 40 and 95% mole.
- copolymerisable monomers which can be present in amounts between 0 and 60% mole, are for example styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylolmethacrylamide, v ylchloride, ethylene, propylene and C4-20 ⁇ -olefins.
- an addition reaction is carried out between the functionalised monomer of the acrylate copolymer obtained from the first step and the (methjacryloyl group containing compound that can react with said functional monomer.
- the compound that can react respectively is for example (meth)acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, ( ⁇ - methyl)glycidyl(meth)acrylate, allylglycidylether, MOI, hydroxyethyl (methjacrylate, hydroxy butylvinylether, allylalcohol.
- the addition reaction of the second step can be done either in bulk or in solvent. Typical solvents are toluene, xylene, n-butylacetate, etc.
- the compound containing an (methjacryloyl group that can react with the functionalised acrylate polymer is added at temperatures between 50 and 150°C. The mixture is stirred for several hours. The progress of the reaction is followed by titration.
- the (methjacryloyl group containing acrylic copolymer of the powder composition of the present invention exhibit following characteristics: a number average molecular weight (MnJ from 1000 to 8000 and preferably from 2 000 to 6 000 measured by GPC a degree of unsaturation from 0.35 to 3.50 and preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 milliequivalents of double bounds per gram of acrylic copolymer an ICI cone/plate melt viscosity of less than 50 000 mPa.s measured at 200°C according to ASTM D4287 a glass transition temperature (Tg) from 45 to 100°C as determined by DSC according to ASTM D3418.
- MnJ number average molecular weight
- MnJ number average molecular weight
- a degree of unsaturation from 0.35 to 3.50 and preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 milliequivalents of double bounds per gram of acrylic copolymer
- the (methjacryloyl group containing resin optionally is replaced by a (methjacryloyl group containing oligomer selected from the triacrylate and the tri(meth) acrylate of tris(2-hydroxyethylJisocyanurate, the epoxy acrylates and methacrylates which are formed by the reaction of an epoxy compound (for example, the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A) with acrylic or methacrylic acid, the urethane acrylates and methacrylates which are formed by the reaction of an organic di- or polyisocyanate with an hydroxyalkylacrylate or a hydroxyalkylmethacrylate and optionally a mono- and/or polyhydroxylated alcohol (for example, the reaction product of hydroxyethyl(methJ acrylate with toluenediisocyanate or isophoronediisocyanatej, the acrylic acrylates or methacrylates, such as, for example, the reaction product of (methjacryloyl group
- the hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, the semi-crystalline and/ or the amorphous polyester and/or the polyesteramide and/or polyurethane and/ or acrylic copolymer optionally along with one or more oligomers all containing (methjacryloyl groups all described above, intended to be used as binders in the preparation of powder compositions curable by UV radiation or by accelerated electron beams, it being possible for the said compositions to be used in particular as varnishes and paints which e.g. lend themselves to application according to the technique of deposition by means of a triboelectric or electrostatic spray gun or according to the technique of deposition in a fluidised bed.
- the radiation curable powder compositions can be used as varnishes or paints as such or, if desired, the compositions can be used to prepare the varnishes or paints by adding, further constituents conventionally used in the preparation of powder varnishes and paints.
- the present invention also relates to the powder varnish or paint obtained using these compositions.
- the present invention also relates to a process for coating an article more particularly a metal article comprising the application to the said article of a radiation curable powder composition in accordance with the invention by deposition such as by spraying with a triboelectric or electrostatic spray gun or by deposition in a fluidised bed, followed by the melting of the coating thus obtained such as by heating at a temperature of 80 to 150°C for a time of e.g. approximately 0.5 to 10 minutes and by the curing of the coating in the molten state by UV irradiation or by accelerated electron beams.
- deposition such as by spraying with a triboelectric or electrostatic spray gun or by deposition in a fluidised bed
- the melting of the coating thus obtained such as by heating at a temperature of 80 to 150°C for a time of e.g. approximately 0.5 to 10 minutes and by the curing of the coating in the molten state by UV irradiation or by accelerated electron beams.
- the photo-initiators which can be used according to the present invention are chosen from those commonly used for this purpose.
- the appropriate photo-initiators which can be used are aromatic carbonyl compounds, such as benzophenone and its alkylated or halogenated derivatives, anthraquinone and its derivatives, thioxanthone and its derivatives, benzoin ethers, aromatic or non-aromatic alphadiones, benzil dialkyl acetals, acetophenone derivatives and phosphine oxides.
- aromatic carbonyl compounds such as benzophenone and its alkylated or halogenated derivatives, anthraquinone and its derivatives, thioxanthone and its derivatives, benzoin ethers, aromatic or non-aromatic alphadiones, benzil dialkyl acetals, acetophenone derivatives and phosphine oxides.
- Photo-initiators which may suitable, are, for example, 2,2'-diethoxylacetophenone, 2- ,3- or 4- bromoacetophenone, 2,3-pentanedione, hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, benzaldehyde, benzoin, benzophenone, 9,10-dibromoanthracene, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- 1-phenylpropan-l-one, 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone, xanthone, thioxanthone, benzildimethylketal, diphe- nyl(2,4,6trimethylbenzylJphosphine oxide, and the like.
- a photo-activator such as Wbutylamine, 2-(2-armnoethylaminoJethanol, cyclohexylamine, diphenylamine, tobenzylamine or aminoacrylates such as, for example, the addition product of a secondary arnine, such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, diethanolarnine, and the like, with a polyol polyacrylate, such as the diacrylate of trimethylolpropane, 1,6-hexanediol, and the like.
- the powder compositions in accordance with the invention can contain 0 to 15 and preferably 0.5 to 8.0 parts of photo-initiators for 100 parts by weight of the binder in the composition in accordance with the invention.
- the radiation curable powder compositions and powder varnishes or paints, respectively, in accordance with the invention can also contain various additional substances conventionally used in the manufacture of powder paints and varnishes.
- the additional substances optionally added to the radiation-curable powder compositions in accordance with the invention e.g.
- Tinuvin 900 Ciba
- light stabilisers based on sterically hindered amines for example Tinuvin 144 from Ciba
- fluidity-regulating agents such as Resiflow PV5 (Worlee), Modaflow (Monsanto), Acronal 4F (BASF) or Crylcoat 109 (UCB), degassing agents such as benzoin and the like.
- coating properties modifying substances such as polytetrafluoroethylene modified polyethylene waxes (e.g. Lanco WaxTF 1830 from Lubrizol), polyethylene waxes (e.g. Ceraflour 961 from BYK Chemie), polypropylene waxes (e.g. Lanco Wax PP1362 from Lubrizol), polyamide waxes (e.g. Orgasol 3202 D NAT from ELF Atochem), organosilicones (e.g. Modarez S304P from Protex), etc., or blends of them.
- polytetrafluoroethylene modified polyethylene waxes e.g. Lanco WaxTF 1830 from Lubrizol
- polyethylene waxes e.g. Ceraflour 961 from BYK Chemie
- polypropylene waxes e.g. Lanco Wax PP1362 from Lubrizol
- polyamide waxes e.g. Orgasol 3202 D NAT from ELF Atochem
- pigments and inorganic fillers can also be added to the radiation curable powder compositions in accordance with the invention. Mention will be made, as examples of pigments and fillers, of metal oxides, such as titanium oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, and the like, metal hydroxides, metal powders, sulphides, sulphates, carbonates, silicates such as, for example, aluminium silicate, carbon black, talc, kaolins, barytes, iron blues, lead blues, organic reds, organic maroons, and the like.
- metal oxides such as titanium oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, and the like
- metal hydroxides metal powders, sulphides, sulphates, carbonates, silicates such as, for example, aluminium silicate, carbon black, talc, kaolins, barytes, iron blues, lead blues, organic reds, organic maroons, and the like.
- the hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin, the semi-crystalline and/ or the amorphous polyester and/or the polyesteramide and/or polyurethane and/or acrylic copolymer optionally along with one or more oligomers all containing (methjacryloyl groups, optionally the photo-initiator, optionally the various additional substances conventionally used for the manufacturing of powder paints and varnishes, and optionally the coating properties modifying substances are dry mixed, for example in a tumbler mixer.
- the mixture is then homogenised at a temperature ranging from 60 to 150°C in an extruder, for example in a Buss Ko-Kneter single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder of Werner-Pfleiderer, APV-Baker or Prism type.
- the extrudate is then allowed to cool, is ground and sieved in order to obtain a powder in which the size of the particles is preferably between 10 and 150 ⁇ m.
- the powder paints and varnishes thus obtained are entirely suitable for application to the article to be coated by conventional techniques, that is to say by the well-known technique of e.g. deposition in a fluidised bed or by application with a triboelectric or electrostatic spray gun.
- the coatings deposited are heated e.g. in a forced circulation oven or by means of infrared lamps at a temperature of 80 to 150°C for a time of e.g. approximately 0.5 to 10 minutes for the purpose of obtaining the melting and the spreading of the powder particles as a smooth, uniform and continuous coating at the surface of the said article.
- the molten coating is then cured by radiation, such as UV light emitted, for example, by medium pressure mercury vapour UV radiators, of preferably at least 80 to 250 W/linear cm, or by any other well-known source of the state of the art, at a distance of e.g. approximately 5 to 20 cm and for a time sufficient to cure the coating, such as 1 to 60 seconds.
- radiation such as UV light emitted, for example, by medium pressure mercury vapour UV radiators, of preferably at least 80 to 250 W/linear cm, or by any other well-known source of the state of the art, at a distance of e.g. approximately 5 to 20 cm and for a time sufficient to cure the coating, such as 1 to 60 seconds.
- the molten coating can also be cured with accelerated electron beams of preferably at least 150 keV, the power of the devices employed being a direct function of the thickness of the composition layer to be cured by polymerisation.
- the invention is also concerned with articles partially or entirely coated by the coating processes.
- the radiation curable powder compositions in accordance with e invention though they can be applied to the most diverse substrates, such as, for example, metal, paper, cardboard, wood, fibre board, textiles, plastics, such as polycarbonates, poly (meth) acrylates, polyolefins, polystyurenes, poly(vinylchloride)s, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, copolymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) or cellulose acetate butyrate, and the like.
- plastics such as polycarbonates, poly (meth) acrylates, polyolefins, polystyurenes, poly(vinylchloride)s, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyamides, copolymers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) or cellulose acetate butyrate, and the like.
- the radiation curable powder compositions in accordance with the invention can also be formulated in toner compositions.
- thermoregulator A mixture of 372.8 parts of neopentyl glycol, 10.2 parts of trimethylolpropane along with 2.3 parts of n-butyltin trioctoate catalyst is placed in a conventional four-neck round bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, an inlet for nitrogen and a thermoprobe attached to a thermoregulator.
- the flask contents are heated while stirring, under nitrogen to a temperature of circa 140°C.
- the carboxyl functionalised polyester is cooled down and the methacrylation is carried out accordingly the procedure of example 1.
- the polyester stands at 150°C, 0.5 parts of di-t-butylhydroquinone along with 4.6 parts of ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide are added along with a slow alimentation of 81.1 parts of glycidylmethacrylate.
- Example 2 358.7 parts of n-butylacetate are brought in a double walled flask of 5 1 equipped with a stirrer, a water cooled condenser an inlet for nitrogen and a thermoprobe is attached to a thermoregulator.
- the flask content is heated and stirred continuously while nitrogen is purged through the solvent.
- nitrogen is purged through the solvent.
- a mixture of 89.6 parts of n-butylacetate with 5.67 parts of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutanenitrile) is fed in the flask during 215 minutes with a peristaltic pump.
- a second feed is started with another pump and is a mixture of: 127.5 parts of glycidylmethacrylate; 170.8 parts of isobornylacrylate; 3.78 parts of butylmethacrylate; 146.3 parts of styrene; 17.93 parts of n-dodecylmercaptan; and 2.24 parts of ditridecylthiodipropionate.
- This feed takes 180 minutes.
- the dry resin of step 1 is transversed in a round bottom single walled flask of 5 1 equipped with an air inlet , a thermoprobe, and an inlet for the methacrylic acid to be fed.
- the resin is heated to 100°C and air is continuously purged through. After 30 minutes 0.08 parts of di-t- butylhydroquinone is added to the polymer. After 60 minutes 77.21 parts of methacrylic acid are fed with a peristaltic pump in the mixture during 30 minutes. The temperature is kept constant during the synthesis.
- the acid number is checked regularly through titration. At an acid number of 6.2 mg KOH/g the polymer is cooled down.
- Two white powders which can be used for the manufacturing of coatings by spraying with the aid of an electrostatic spray gun are prepared from blends of the methacryloyl group containing resins of example 1 and 2 respectively, with the methacryloyl group containing hydrogenated polyphenoxy resin of example 3, the formulation of these powders being as follows:
- White powder formulation binder 750.0 parts titanium dioxide (Kronos 2310 (Kronos)) 250.0 parts ⁇ -hydroxyketone (Irgacure 2959 (Ciba)) 12.5 parts bisacylphosphineoxide (Irgacure 819 (Ciba)) 12.5 parts fluidity regulating agent (Resiflow PV5 (Worlee Chemie)) 10.0 parts
- These powder compositions are prepared by dry mixing the different ingredients.
- the powder is sieved in order to obtain a size of the particles between 10 and 110 ⁇ m.
- the powders thus obtained respectively comprise a binder system composed of: Example 4 Example 5 Example 2: 375 parts Example 1: 563 parts
- Example 3 375 parts
- Example 3 187 parts
- the coatings deposited are then subjected to melting in a medium infrared/convection oven (Triab) at a temperature of 140°C during a time of approximately 3 minutes, and are then subjected to irradiation with ultraviolet light emitted by a 160 W/cm Gallium-doped followed by a 160 W/cm medium pressure mercury vapour UV-bulb (Fusion UV Systems Ltd.) with a total UV dose of 4000 mJ/cm 2 .
- Triab medium infrared/convection oven
- Example 5> 200 double rubs which corresponds to the number of twofold rubbing movements (to and fro) with a cotton pad impregnated with MEK which does not detrimentally affect the appearance of the surface of the cured film
- Example 4 > 100 kg.cm
- Example 5 60 kg.cm
- RI resistance to reverse impact
- Example 4 > 100 kg.cm
- Example 5 60 kg.cm
- the value of resistance to direct impact (DI) in kg.cm according to ASTM D2795 on cold rolled steel
Abstract
Description
Claims
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EP01118132 | 2001-07-26 | ||
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PCT/EP2002/008194 WO2003010253A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2002-07-23 | Polymeric compositions |
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WO (1) | WO2003010253A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107513345A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-26 | 上海纵港广告器材股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of unsaturated type polyurethane coating |
FR3111902A1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | Arkema France | OLIGOMERS CONTAINING AN AMID FUNCTIONALIZED BY (METH) ACRYLATE |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN111094442A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-01 | 东亚合成株式会社 | Curable composition, sealing material composition, and adhesive composition |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4579925A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-04-01 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Powder coating composition |
US4835228A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1989-05-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Rheology low gloss, high impact strength powder coating resins |
US4956425A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1990-09-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymerized monomers in unsaturated compound-reacted epoxy resins advanced with dihydric phenol |
-
2002
- 2002-07-10 TW TW91115299A patent/TW593592B/en active
- 2002-07-23 WO PCT/EP2002/008194 patent/WO2003010253A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4579925A (en) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-04-01 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Powder coating composition |
US4835228A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1989-05-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Rheology low gloss, high impact strength powder coating resins |
US4956425A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1990-09-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymerized monomers in unsaturated compound-reacted epoxy resins advanced with dihydric phenol |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107513345A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-12-26 | 上海纵港广告器材股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of unsaturated type polyurethane coating |
FR3111902A1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | Arkema France | OLIGOMERS CONTAINING AN AMID FUNCTIONALIZED BY (METH) ACRYLATE |
WO2022003075A1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-06 | Arkema France | (meth)acryloyl-functionalized amide-containing oligomers |
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