WO2002102637A1

WO2002102637A1 - Waste water-recycling installation for railways

Info

Publication number: WO2002102637A1
Application number: PCT/ES2001/000242
Authority: WO
Inventors: David Pich Martinez
Original assignee: Construcciones Modulares Y Componentes De Interiorismo, S.A.
Priority date: 2001-06-14
Filing date: 2001-06-14
Publication date: 2002-12-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste water-recycling installation for railways that can be used to reduce the normal cleaning, emptying and maintenance work required for this type of installation. The installation receives waste water from the washbasin (4) and the toilet (3), separates the solid matter and purifies the water by means of a biological control system so that said water can be used later in the toilet (3). The inventive installation is provided with different compartments and filters as well as a compartment (23) that is used to evaporate surplus water by means of resistance (24). Said installation also comprises integrated circuits (17, 18) for the compartment cleaning and filling operations.

Description

INSTALLATION OF WASTEWATER RECYCLING FOR RAILWAYS.

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention now advocated consists of an installation that allows the storage and recycling of wastewater with a minimum emptying period of one month, approximately without attention by the railway operator during this period since its last emptying action.

For this purpose, the installation allows a purification of the deposited waste, both from the toilet bowl and the sink.

After passing through the waste purification system, part of the stored water will be properly treated so that it can be re-poured into the toilet bowl when the service is pressed, and the installation will not require the discharge of solids or liquids at all times. Exterior.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The current facilities of water tanks feed the services that mainly comprise a toilet and sink, the wastewater receiving a second tank that is emptied when it is filled.

This emptying is quite frequent and requires a normal use of about three operations each week. The present invention reuses wastewater after a biological filtration and control process reducing the number of drains to one per month.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention object of the present specification refers to a wastewater recycling facility for railways and which comprises a first process of collecting and storing waste from the toilet and the sink, a subsequent process of separation of the solid part and the liquid part of the waste discharged, a purification of the liquid part accumulated in the tank and the subsequent elimination of the liquid excess from the tank by evaporation.

Once the clean water for biological control has been treated by ultraviolet light, it can be reused for filling the toilet tank.

The whole of the installation can be considered as a single tank that is installed under the frame of the car and is constituted in the following parts:

Solid compartment.

Compartment for waste separation. Dirty water compartment. _• Filtered water compartment.

Clean water compartment. Evaporator surplus compartment. Clean water recirculation system.

Completed through a control system that manages the operation of the whole set.

Compartment of the first waste separation.

After the evacuation of wastewater, originating from the sink or the toilet, they reach an intermediate compartment or compartment of first separation of waste under which the dirty water compartment is located.

By gravity, the liquid will stop in this compartment, staying on a perforated plate and slightly inclined those solids unable to pass through the holes.

Driven by a pneumatic cylinder, a scraper attached to the end of the cylinder rod passes over the perforated plate allowing solids to reach the solids compartment after overcoming a separation gate.

Solid compartment.

This compartment contains the solid part of the most difficult dissolution of the waste thrown and that has a volume proportional to the number of services estimated per hour, the estimated volume discharged of solid part per service and the hours per day found in train service, and of course, the number of days the system is intended to be autonomous.

During the emptying process, not only this compartment is emptied but also the emptying of the dirty water, filtered water compartment das, clean water and evaporator surplus compartment.

The clean water compartment should be preloaded with its total volume.

Regarding the mechanical requirements of this compartment, it will be necessary that it be constituted from plates of stainless material joined by welding, so that externally it is completely watertight, not presenting leaks, cracks or plastic deformations after coping with working stresses.

This deposit has a rectangular opening in its upper part where the solid part of the waste previously separated is deposited in the compartment of the first waste separation.

Two solid pipes arrive to this solid part storage compartment, one coming from each side of the train and whose mission is to suck the entire contents of the tank during the emptying process by means of a suction device _: coupled to the pipe.

These pipes reach the inside of the tank reaching the bottom to be able to safely collect all the contents of stored waste.

To detect the level of this tank, a single level sensor is placed, which indicates when 80% of the capacity of this compartment has been filled.

The remaining volume to reach 100% of the Total capacity is maintained as a margin to fill it with water and thus mix with the solid part and facilitate the emptying and cleaning process of the tank.

Dirty water compartment.

This is the compartment that receives the liquid part of the first separation.

In this compartment a filtering is carried out by means of a cage filter composed of a metal mesh Y fixed to the bottom of the compartment.

This filter is surrounded by water from all sides and the solid particles in suspension are deposited in the metal mesh with the waters that we will call semisuces on the other side.

Filtered water compartment.

This compartment is contiguous with that of dirty water and is separated by an iron filter in the form of an iron placed vertically.

The sand filter will be placed as a separation wall between compartments so that the suspended substances are retained in the filter sand as it passes through it.

It is from this filtered water compartment from which we suck water to deposit it in the clean water compartments and in the surplus evaporator according to their level.

This compartment will be filled with clean water. treat as we pour liquid waste into the tank.

Clean water compartment.

Water is stored in this compartment with a lower degree of contamination of the entire assembly, water that is used to recycle it through the recirculation system for discharge and cleaning of the toilet.

This compartment, after emptying and cleaning, is loaded with clean water.

This compartment receives water from the filtered water compartment through the recirculation pump after passing a second filter to complete water purification and a disinfection unit based on the use of ultraviolet light.

This disinfection unit will have the function of disinfecting the water of possible germs. The process of elimination of germs is carried out by projecting the ultraviolet light generated by lamps introduced inside a unit where the pumped water flows.

This disinfection unit is located just outside the recirculation pump.

The recirculation circuit is formed by pipes that connect the reservoir of clean water, filtered water and the surplus evaporator.

The control of fluid flow from one tank to another is carried out through distributed solenoid valves. Doras

Additionally, a blue dye can be incorporated into the water that goes to the toilet.

Control system.

The control system has the function of controlling and managing the operation of all the equipment and electrical elements included in the installation.

Among the elements and / or levels of the system to be controlled are:

The level of the solid waste compartment:

This level is detected by a sensor, commonly used in measurements in wastewater tanks. If this level sensor is activated, the control system emits the signal that puts the toilet module out of service.

Surplus evaporation compartment level and heating resistance: In this compartment the resistance must be activated: when the removal of surpluses is required and if a maximum saturation level is reached the control system will put the installation out of service.

Clean water compartment level: Detected when its maximum level is reached.

Filtered water compartment level: It is detected when its maximum level is reached. If the maximum level is reached, the system must be deactivated. Recirculation pump and ultraviolet light disinfection equipment: Activation of the recirculation pump and ultraviolet light disinfection equipment is simultaneous.

Water pollution sensor: This sensor detects the degree of turbidity of the water in the clean water compartment. When this indicates a previously assigned grade, the control system will put the installation out of service warning of the need for emptying and refilling the installation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present specification is complemented, with a set of drawings, illustrative of the preferred example and never limiting of the invention.

Figure 1 and only shows a diagram of a theoretical embodiment of the wastewater recycling facility for railways.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the foregoing, the present invention consists of a wastewater recycling facility for railways.

In the preferred embodiment, it is considered an installation that incorporates a toilet (3) and a washbasin (4) although the number can be greater without more than adapting the dimensions of tanks, pumps and auxiliary elements to the flows and volumes used. The washbasin (4) is fed only from a tank (6) with the control of a stop valve (5) and is filled in the maintenance operations with clean water.

The toilet (3) is fed by a conduit (1) and the drive carried out by a pump (26) with the control of a valve (2) from the clean water compartment (22).

This clean water compartment (22) must be filled with clean water during maintenance and emptying of the system.

The wastewater that comes from the sink (4) and the toilet (3) converges in a common duct (7) and falls on a grid (12) located on the dirty water compartment (14).

Solid waste will remain on this grid (12) that is not able to pass the perforations of the grid (12), and the dirty water will fall by gravity into the dirty water compartment (14).

A pneumatic cylinder (8) pushes a scraper (9) by means of a rod (10) that sweeps the solid waste deposited on the grid (12) overcoming a separation gate (11) between compartments to fall into the waste compartment (13) solid.

On the other hand, the dirty water compartment (14) has a metal cage filter (19) for retaining solids that retains solid particles in suspension; and, on one side, there is a sand filter (20) that performs a first stage of refined.

After this first stage of purification, the water reaches the adjacent compartment (21) of filtered water.

From this compartment, with the help of a pump

(26), the filtered water is taken to the clean water compartment (22) after passing through a second filter (25) and a biological control unit (28) based on the use of ultraviolet light lamps.

By using five valves (2, 27) operated by the control system, it is sufficient to use a single pump (26) to bring the waters of the filtered water compartment (21) to the clean water compartment (22) , or to the toilet feeding circuit (3), or even to directly take the water from the clean water compartment (22).

By properly operating the valves (27) it is also possible to bring excess water from the clean water compartment (22) to a surplus evaporator compartment (23) responsible for evaporating the excess water by heating (24).

This compartment (23) has an adjustable pressure valve (31).

Before reaching the toilet supply line (1) of the toilet (3), a dye feeder (29) can be provided which stains the water preferably blue.

They have all the compartments (13, 14, 21, 22), except for the evaporator compartment (23), with two independent circuits, a drain circuit (17) and another tank filling and cleaning circuit (18).

The aspiration is carried out from the bottom of the compartments and cleaning is facilitated by the use of top sprinklers (15).

The control of the recirculation between compartments to maintain the adequate level between one and the other is carried out based on the reading of level sensors (16, 30).

It does not alter the essentiality of this invention variations in materials, shape, size and arrangement of the component elements, described in a non-limiting manner, this being sufficient to be reproduced by an expert.

Claims

I ^a .- Installation of wastewater recycling for railways, among the facilities that have deposits for water storage and that allow to feed the toilets and toilets as well as receive their wastewater, characterized by receiving wastewater from of the sink (4) or toilet (3) in a first solids separation chamber consisting of a grid (12) located on a dirty water compartment (14) to allow the dirty water to fall while retaining the solids, and subsequently being swept by a scraper (9) which is pushed by a pneumatic cylinder (8) to a solid waste compartment (13); and in addition, the dirty water compartment (14) has a metal cage filter (19) for the retention of suspended particles, laterally limiting by interposing a sand filter (20) with another compartment (21) of filtered water that reaches the water after crossing the filter (20); This compartment (21) in turn feeds another compartment (22) of clean water with the help of a pump (26) by previously passing the water through a second filter (25) and an ultraviolet light disinfection unit (28) interposed in the - circuit, showing a combination of valves (2, 27) that allows selective aspiration from the filtered water compartments (21) or clean waters (22); and, its selective discharge by the presence of a single pump (26) on the clean water compartment (22), on a surplus elimination compartment (23) by evaporation by means of resistance (24) or towards the conduit (1) of toilet feeding (3).

2 .- Facility Recycling wastewater for railways according to the first claim characterized in that it has two circuits, a circuit (17) for emptying the compartments of solids (13), dirty water (14), filtered water (21), and clean water (22) which show their sockets at the bottom of each of these compartments and a second sprinkler circuit (18) and refill to facilitate cleaning and allow the initial refilling of the clean water compartment with clean water.

3 .- recycling facility wastewater for railways according to claim and wherein the second circuit has a control level readings of each compartment by sensors (16, 30), and outputs trigger signals consisting of and deactivation of valves (2, 27) in addition to warning signals for emptying and cleaning the assembly, establishing as main functions the control of:

_• the level of solid waste compartment (13) for decommissioning when it reaches a preset maximum level,

_• the level of the filtered water compartment (14) for decommissioning of the installation when the level is maximum,

• the level of the clean water compartment (22) in a narrow range,

_• the level of the evaporation elimination compartment (23) to connect the resistor and emit the end of water evacuation signal from the clean water tank to the evaporation tank,

_• the recirculation pump (26) in combination with the valves (2, 27) that establish the different circuits, • ultraviolet light disinfection equipment (28),

• and a water contamination sensor located in the clean water compartment (22) for decommissioning and warning of emptying of the installation when a turbidity threshold is exceeded.

4 .- recycling facility wastewater for railways according to the first, second and third claim characterized by further may have a dispenser (29) of dye to the output circuit to add recycled water.