WO2002101207A1 - Valve opening and closing control mechanism - Google Patents

Valve opening and closing control mechanism Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002101207A1
WO2002101207A1 PCT/HR2001/000031 HR0100031W WO02101207A1 WO 2002101207 A1 WO2002101207 A1 WO 2002101207A1 HR 0100031 W HR0100031 W HR 0100031W WO 02101207 A1 WO02101207 A1 WO 02101207A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gears
cams
camshaft
valve opening
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HR2001/000031
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Blagoje Cavara
Original Assignee
Blagoje Cavara
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blagoje Cavara filed Critical Blagoje Cavara
Priority to PCT/HR2001/000031 priority Critical patent/WO2002101207A1/en
Publication of WO2002101207A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002101207A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0057—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by splittable or deformable cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L2001/34486—Location and number of the means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34493—Dual independent phasing system [DIPS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanism for controlling of opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves in internal combustion engines, piston compressors, etc.
  • the invention is classified in the International Patent Classification as F, Machines or Engines in General; F OI L, Cyclically Operating Valves for Machines or Engines, which includes piston-engine valve mechanisms.
  • crankshaft drives camshaft by means of a chain, belt or gears.
  • the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments are always the same, regardless of the engine working conditions. 4. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
  • the valve opening and closing mechanism enables changing of the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments as required, i.e. in accordance with the engine working conditions.
  • the valve opening and closing mechanism has a gear transmission for controlling the camshaft, and a camshaft with adjustable cams.
  • the camshaft consists of a hollow shaft through which passes a solid shaft. Cams are situated on both the hollow and the solid shafts, the solid-shaft cam passing through a slot in the hollow-shaft cam.
  • the crankshaft drives the camshaft control mechanism, changing thereby the cam shape and position, which in turn changes the valve opening and closing moments in accordance with changes of the engine working conditions.
  • Figure 1 shows a partial section through the valve opening and closing mechanism.
  • Figure 2 shows camshaft with adjustable cams positioned as when the hollow shaft is turned against the solid shaft by an angle ⁇ .
  • Figure 3 shows camshaft with cams positioned as when the solid shaft is turned against the hollow shaft by an angle ⁇ .
  • Figure 4 shows position and shape of cams on the camshaft when the engine works in normal working conditions.
  • Figure 5 shows the adjusted position and shape of cams on the camshaft when the engine works in changed working conditions.
  • the valve opening and closing mechanism consists of a gear transmission that drives the camshaft A, and of the camshaft with adjustable cams B.
  • the gear transmission for driving the camshaft consists of: gear belt 1, cylinder gears with outer and inner gears 2, planetary gears for hollow shaft 3, lever 4 for moving the planetary gears 3, cylinder gears on the hollow shaft 5, planetary gears for the solid shaft 6, lever 7 for moving the gears 6, cylinder gears on the solid shaft 8, and bearings 14, 15 and 16.
  • the camshaft with adjustable cams B consists of: hollow shaft 9, cams 10 on the hollow shaft 9, solid shaft 12, cams 13 on the solid shaft 12 and bearings 17.
  • the crankshaft (not presented in the illustration), by means of a gear belt 1 or by a chain or gears (not presented in the illustration), drives the gear transmission that operates the camshaft A by means of operating the cylinder gears with outer and inner gears 2.
  • the cylinder gears 2 by means of the planetary gears 3 and the planetary gears 6, drives the cylinder gears 5 on the hollow shaft 9, and the cylinder gears 8 on the solid shaft 12.
  • the planetary gears 3 rotate around the lever 4 in the axis y, whereas the planetary gears 6 rotate around the lever 7 in the axis z.
  • the planetary gears 3 can be moved by the lever 4 along the cylinder gears 5 circumference by a certain angle ⁇ , whereas the planetary gears 6 can be moved by the lever 7 along the cylinder gears 8 circumference by a certain angle ⁇ .
  • Levers 4 and 7 have bearings for turning and controlling in the axis x.
  • the cylinder gears 2, cylinder gears 5 and 8, and the hollow and the solid shafts 9 and 12 have the common rotation axis x.
  • the cylinder gears 5 are fixed to the hollow shaft 9.
  • the cylinder gears 8 are fixed to the solid shaft 12.
  • the solid shaft 12 passes through the hollow shaft 9, both of them rotating in the same direction and simultaneously.
  • the solid and the hollow shafts may turn by a certain angle, independently from each other, both when inactive and active. The turning is achieved by moving of the planetary gears 3 and 6 by means of the levers 4 and 7.
  • cams 10 on the hollow shaft 9, and cams 13 on the solid shaft 12 are positioned as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the camshaft operating mechanism enables adjustment of the cam position and shape.
  • position and shape of the cams 10 and 13 are being adjusted as shown in the Fig. 5, effecting thereby the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments.
  • the intake and exhaust valves open and close at given angles, depending on the piston position.
  • the engine working regime number of revolutions, load, etc.
  • valve opening and closing control mechanism can be applied with all piston engines where the intake and exhaust valve operation is to be adjusted in accordance with changes of the engine working conditions, such as internal combustion engines, piston compressors, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The presently existing internal combustion engines have cams of unchangeable position and shape, regardless of changes in the engine working conditions, i.e. the valve opening and closing moments are always the same. The valve opening and closing control mechanism, according to this invention, enables adjusting of the cam position and shape against the camshaft, controlling thereby valve opening and closing in accordance with the engine working conditions. The mechanism consists of two units: gear transmission for operating the camshaft (A) and of the camshaft with adjustable cams (B). The camshaft consists of a hollow shaft (9) with cams (10), through which passes the solid shaft (12) with cams (13). The planetary gears (3) and (6) enable, while the engine is working, turning of a part of the hollow camshaft cam as related to the other part of the cam on the solid camshaft in the valve opening and closing moments changing in accordance with the engine working conditions.

Description

VALVE OPENINGAND CLOSING CONTROL MECHANISM
INVENTION DESCRIPTION
1. FIELD OF APPLICATION
The invention relates to a mechanism for controlling of opening and closing of intake and exhaust valves in internal combustion engines, piston compressors, etc. The invention is classified in the International Patent Classification as F, Machines or Engines in General; F OI L, Cyclically Operating Valves for Machines or Engines, which includes piston-engine valve mechanisms.
2. TECHNICAL PROBLEM
Internal combustion engines, in order to facilitate the medium exchange, have intake and exhaust valves in each cylinder head. The valves are operated by cams on camshaft. The valve opening and closing moments are determined by the cam position and shape. Regardless of the engine working conditions (change of the number of revolutions, load, etc.), the valve opening and closing moments with the present engines are always the same. At changing of the engine working conditions, there appears need of changing the cam position against the camshaft and changing of cam shape, i.e. of controlling the cam shaft motion.
3. STATE OF THE ART
In internal combustion engines, the crankshaft drives camshaft by means of a chain, belt or gears. The intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments are always the same, regardless of the engine working conditions. 4. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The valve opening and closing mechanism enables changing of the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments as required, i.e. in accordance with the engine working conditions. To facilitate this, the valve opening and closing mechanism has a gear transmission for controlling the camshaft, and a camshaft with adjustable cams. The camshaft consists of a hollow shaft through which passes a solid shaft. Cams are situated on both the hollow and the solid shafts, the solid-shaft cam passing through a slot in the hollow-shaft cam. The crankshaft drives the camshaft control mechanism, changing thereby the cam shape and position, which in turn changes the valve opening and closing moments in accordance with changes of the engine working conditions.
5. ILLUSTRATION DESCRIPTIONS
Figure 1 shows a partial section through the valve opening and closing mechanism. Figure 2 shows camshaft with adjustable cams positioned as when the hollow shaft is turned against the solid shaft by an angle α. Figure 3 shows camshaft with cams positioned as when the solid shaft is turned against the hollow shaft by an angle β. Figure 4 shows position and shape of cams on the camshaft when the engine works in normal working conditions. Figure 5 shows the adjusted position and shape of cams on the camshaft when the engine works in changed working conditions.
As evident in Figure 1, the valve opening and closing mechanism consists of a gear transmission that drives the camshaft A, and of the camshaft with adjustable cams B. The gear transmission for driving the camshaft consists of: gear belt 1, cylinder gears with outer and inner gears 2, planetary gears for hollow shaft 3, lever 4 for moving the planetary gears 3, cylinder gears on the hollow shaft 5, planetary gears for the solid shaft 6, lever 7 for moving the gears 6, cylinder gears on the solid shaft 8, and bearings 14, 15 and 16. The camshaft with adjustable cams B consists of: hollow shaft 9, cams 10 on the hollow shaft 9, solid shaft 12, cams 13 on the solid shaft 12 and bearings 17.
6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION EMBODIMENT
The crankshaft (not presented in the illustration), by means of a gear belt 1 or by a chain or gears (not presented in the illustration), drives the gear transmission that operates the camshaft A by means of operating the cylinder gears with outer and inner gears 2. The cylinder gears 2, by means of the planetary gears 3 and the planetary gears 6, drives the cylinder gears 5 on the hollow shaft 9, and the cylinder gears 8 on the solid shaft 12. The planetary gears 3 rotate around the lever 4 in the axis y, whereas the planetary gears 6 rotate around the lever 7 in the axis z.
The planetary gears 3 can be moved by the lever 4 along the cylinder gears 5 circumference by a certain angle α, whereas the planetary gears 6 can be moved by the lever 7 along the cylinder gears 8 circumference by a certain angle β. Levers 4 and 7 have bearings for turning and controlling in the axis x.
The cylinder gears 2, cylinder gears 5 and 8, and the hollow and the solid shafts 9 and 12 have the common rotation axis x.
The cylinder gears 5 are fixed to the hollow shaft 9. On the hollow shaft 9, there are cams 10 with slots 11. The cylinder gears 8 are fixed to the solid shaft 12. On the solid shaft 12, there are cams 13 that pass through the slots 11 in the cams 10 on the hollow shaft 9. The solid shaft 12 passes through the hollow shaft 9, both of them rotating in the same direction and simultaneously. The solid and the hollow shafts may turn by a certain angle, independently from each other, both when inactive and active. The turning is achieved by moving of the planetary gears 3 and 6 by means of the levers 4 and 7. When the engine is normally loaded, cams 10 on the hollow shaft 9, and cams 13 on the solid shaft 12, are positioned as shown in Fig. 4. However, when the engine working conditions change, the camshaft operating mechanism enables adjustment of the cam position and shape. By moving the planetary gears 3 and/or 6, by a certain angle α or β (Figs. 2 and 3), position and shape of the cams 10 and 13 are being adjusted as shown in the Fig. 5, effecting thereby the intake and exhaust valves opening and closing moments. In that case, while the engine works, the intake and exhaust valves open and close at given angles, depending on the piston position. At changing the engine working regime (number of revolutions, load, etc.), there appears need for changing the valve opening and closing angle. Turning of the axis y around the axis x during the work of the engine, causes relative turning of the gears 5 against the gears 8, which means turning of the cam 10 against the cam 13. The same can be achieved by turning the axis z around the axis x, that is of the gears 8 against the gears 5, which means that cam 13 is turned against the cam 10. The cams 10 and 13 can be turned simultaneously, if so required.
The above described procedure can be fully automatic, so that the cam position and shape on the camshaft are being adjusted automatically in accordance with the engine working conditions. Component parts of the mechanism are shown partly in cross-section in Fig. 1.
7. INVENTION APPLICATION
The valve opening and closing control mechanism can be applied with all piston engines where the intake and exhaust valve operation is to be adjusted in accordance with changes of the engine working conditions, such as internal combustion engines, piston compressors, etc.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. Internal-combustion engine valve opening and closing moment control mechanism, driven by crankshaft by means of a chain and consisting of gear transmission for operating the camshaft and of the camshaft with adjustable cams, which cams can be adjusted in accordance with various engine working conditions, w h e re in the said gear transmission for operating the camshaft (A) mostly consists of the cylinder gears with outer and inner gears (2) which, by means of the planetary gears (3) and the cylinder gears (5) rotates the hollow shaft (9), and which, by means of the planetary gears (6) and the cylinder gears (8) rotates the solid shaft (12); the said camshaft with adjustable cams (B) consists of the hollow shaft (9) within which there is the solid shaft (12); on the hollow shaft (9) there are cams (10) with slots (11); on the solid shaft (12) there are cams (13) that pass through the slots (11) in cams (10) on the hollow shaft (9).
2. The mechanism as claimed in Claim 1, w h ere i n the planetary gears (3) and (6) can be moved by means of the levers (4) and/or (7) along the cylinder gears (5) and (8) circumference by a certain angle α and/or β whereby the hollow and/or the solid shafts (9) and (12) are turned, adjusting thus the cams (10) and (13) position and shape in accordance with various engine working conditions.
3. The mechanism as claimed in one of the previous Claims, w h e r e i n the said cylinder gears with inner and outer gears (2) is shaped like a bell in which bell there can be placed the planetary gears (3) and (6) with the levers (4) and (7) and the cylinder gears (5) and (8).
4. The mechanism as claimed in one of the previous Claims, w h e r e i n the planetary gears (3) and (6) can be moved by means of the levers (4) and (7) automatically mechanically or electronically.
5. The mechanism as claimed in one of the previous Claims, w h erein the cylinder gears (2), (5) and (8), and the hollow and the solid shafts (9) and (12) have the common rotation axis (x), and the planetary gears (3) and (6) have the rotation axes (y) and (z).
6. The mechanism as claimed in one of the previous Claims, w h e r e i n the hollow and the solid shafts (9) and (12) are fixed to cylinder gears (5) and (8).
PCT/HR2001/000031 2001-06-11 2001-06-11 Valve opening and closing control mechanism WO2002101207A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HR2001/000031 WO2002101207A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2001-06-11 Valve opening and closing control mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/HR2001/000031 WO2002101207A1 (en) 2001-06-11 2001-06-11 Valve opening and closing control mechanism

Publications (1)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018942A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-17 Daimlerchrysler Ag Adjusting gear for a camshaft
DE102004018947A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-17 Daimlerchrysler Ag Adjusting gear for a camshaft arrangement
WO2006032443A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Camshaft-adjusting device
WO2006125575A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Camshaft unit
WO2007022737A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Mahle International Gmbh Camshaft
WO2011010241A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Mechadyne Plc Phaser assembly for an internal combustion engine
FR3000166A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-27 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Actuation device for actuating cylinder valves of combustion engine of car, has fingers mechanically connecting hollow shaft and cams to transform rotation of hollow shaft relative to control shaft in sequence of sliding movements of cams
EP2766582A1 (en) * 2011-10-15 2014-08-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Valve train for an internal combustion engine
RU2756612C1 (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-10-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого» Gas distribution control device for four-stroke piston engine
US11274577B2 (en) * 2018-11-08 2022-03-15 Borgwarner, Inc. Variable camshaft timing assembly
US11280228B2 (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-03-22 Borgwarner, Inc. Variable camshaft timing assembly

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489032A (en) * 1968-06-14 1970-01-13 Willard D Sev Variable lobe camshaft
WO1999036677A1 (en) * 1998-01-19 1999-07-22 Darut Pty. Ltd. Cam and cam followers for engines
WO2000071858A2 (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 John Francis Grimwood Rotary valve systems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489032A (en) * 1968-06-14 1970-01-13 Willard D Sev Variable lobe camshaft
WO1999036677A1 (en) * 1998-01-19 1999-07-22 Darut Pty. Ltd. Cam and cam followers for engines
WO2000071858A2 (en) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 John Francis Grimwood Rotary valve systems

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018947A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-17 Daimlerchrysler Ag Adjusting gear for a camshaft arrangement
DE102004018942A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-11-17 Daimlerchrysler Ag Adjusting gear for a camshaft
US7353789B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2008-04-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Angular camshaft position adjustment drive
US7377243B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2008-05-27 Daimler Ag Adjusting mechanism for a camshaft arrangement
WO2006032443A1 (en) * 2004-09-24 2006-03-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Camshaft-adjusting device
US7438034B2 (en) 2004-09-24 2008-10-21 Daimler A G Camshaft-adjusting device
JP4825870B2 (en) * 2005-05-27 2011-11-30 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Camshaft unit
WO2006125575A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Camshaft unit
US7827945B2 (en) 2005-05-27 2010-11-09 Daimler Ag Camshaft operating unit
WO2007022737A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Mahle International Gmbh Camshaft
WO2011010241A1 (en) * 2009-07-23 2011-01-27 Mechadyne Plc Phaser assembly for an internal combustion engine
CN102439265A (en) * 2009-07-23 2012-05-02 米查戴尼股份有限公司 Phaser assembly for an internal combustion engine
GB2472054B (en) * 2009-07-23 2013-02-27 Mechadyne Plc Phaser assembly for an internal combustion engine
CN102439265B (en) * 2009-07-23 2015-02-11 麦加戴恩国际有限公司 Phaser assembly for an internal combustion engine
EP2766582A1 (en) * 2011-10-15 2014-08-20 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Valve train for an internal combustion engine
FR3000166A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-27 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Actuation device for actuating cylinder valves of combustion engine of car, has fingers mechanically connecting hollow shaft and cams to transform rotation of hollow shaft relative to control shaft in sequence of sliding movements of cams
US11274577B2 (en) * 2018-11-08 2022-03-15 Borgwarner, Inc. Variable camshaft timing assembly
US11280228B2 (en) * 2020-07-07 2022-03-22 Borgwarner, Inc. Variable camshaft timing assembly
RU2756612C1 (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-10-04 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого» Gas distribution control device for four-stroke piston engine

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