WO2002096752A1 - Electromagnetic operation of a rotor system - Google Patents

Electromagnetic operation of a rotor system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002096752A1
WO2002096752A1 PCT/NO2002/000186 NO0200186W WO02096752A1 WO 2002096752 A1 WO2002096752 A1 WO 2002096752A1 NO 0200186 W NO0200186 W NO 0200186W WO 02096752 A1 WO02096752 A1 WO 02096752A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
craft
rotor blades
drive system
electromagnetic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2002/000186
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Geir O. Glomstad
Ragnvald Otterlei
Jan Otto Ringdal
Kåre Rygg JOHNSEN
Original Assignee
Simicon As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simicon As filed Critical Simicon As
Publication of WO2002096752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002096752A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/16—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/24—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane consisting of parts connected at their edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10—Propulsion
    • B64U50/19—Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/502—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for aircraft or spacecraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electromotive operation of a horizontally and vertically flying aircraft of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1, and in particular it relates to a drive system that can be used for propellers, rotors etc., and control thereof by displacement of the axis centre of the drive system relative to the normal position, the axis of motion or gravitational axis of the craft.
  • Rotating blades are used in different connections, inter alia for helicopters.
  • the intention with rotating blades is to provide lifting or thrusting power.
  • the power is transferred to the rotor blades by means of mechanical devices.
  • Mechanical power transmission is bound by disadvantages in the form of mechanical loss in the power transferring mechanisms and mechanical loads that can result in wear and tear and material rupture.
  • Hub motors of several types are known and utilised in different occasions in order to obtain energy effective and space-saving drive systems.
  • One of the objects with the present invention will be to avoid mechanical friction and loads that can result in fracture in the rotor structure of a vertically/horizontally flying craft, in addition to simplify the transmission mechanism and minimise gears between the drive motor and the propulsion means (rotor, propeller, etc.). Moreover is the object to be able to regulate the position of the rotor centre in an easy way in connection with the manoeuvring of the craft.
  • Modern electric motor systems makes it possible today to "support" the rotor of the drive system in a magnetic field and thus avoid, in some instances, a comprehensive and expensive joumalling system for the rotating axle, which in turn constitutes the drive shaft/transmission to a wheel, propeller, rotor or similar.
  • this rotor portion for example consists of a permanent magnetic material, can electric transmission to this portion by use of brushes or other means likewise be avoided.
  • This magnetic field support will also contribute to a more soft transmission of impacts or else against the drive wheel, since a direct mechanical transmission of such impacts against the drive means is avoided and this will in turn reduce the number of wear parts in the system.
  • the magnetic field gap can also be increased and be designed such that an optimal balance between the efficiency of the motor and the power/impact absorption that the magnetic field should be able to receive is obtained.
  • One feature of the invention is that by moving the stator system of the motor, then the rotor portion will follow and this may in an easy way be used for controlling or adjusting the propeller/rotor or similar in order to obtain the desired effect in respect of influencing the craft.
  • this system can be utilised in a helicopter of the type disclosed in WO 01/56879 Al, with the same applicant as the present invention, in which a helicopter can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting/displace the rotor centre relative to the gravitational axis of the helicopter.
  • This displacement/movement of the rotor centre can for example be performed by a set of actuators that displace the stator rings of an electric motor in the rotor hub.
  • a possibility for a very simplified complete drive system for a helicopter is provided in that the motor is laying within/forms the hub of the rotor and the "suspension" for the rotor is less friction and omit support points, gear or conventional suspension.
  • This invention thus also provides a possibility for a completely electric driven helicopter in which also a tail rotor can be electric driven.
  • a generator driven by a turbine is a possibility, or a fuel cell, in which a very noiseless craft with extremely reduced, respectively none pollutive emissions is obtained.
  • Fig. 1 shows from above the craft including the drive means according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross sectional view along the line A-A in fig. 1.
  • the drive system operates in a body consisting of an upper portion 1 and a lower portion 2.
  • the upper portion 1 and the lower portion 2 are kept in position by a connecting structure 3, such that the portions 1, 2, and 3 constitute the integrated body of the craft.
  • a number of rotor blades 4 are fixed to a rotor in the form of a magnetic ring 7.
  • the magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 are initially resting on the lower portion 2.
  • an electromotor ring 5 arranged, which is able to generate a rotating electromagnetic field.
  • a corresponding ring 6 is provided in the lower portion 2 of the body.
  • the rings 5, 6 are initially positioned with their rotational centres in the rotational centre of the body and such that the magnetic ring 7 is laying therebetween.
  • the rings 5, 6 are supplied with electric current from a power source onboard the craft so that a rotating electromagnetic field is created within the space between the rings 5, 6.
  • the electric power source can be created by a jet turbine with a generator and where the jet stream in addition can be used to stabilise the craft.
  • the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field is allowed to be varied by means of known electromagnetic principles.
  • a rotating electromagnetic field is set up between the rings 5, 6 the magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 will be elevated from the lower portion 2 and adopt a hovering or suspending position between the rings 5, 6 due to the electromagnetic forces that are introduced between said rings.
  • the magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 will follow the same rotational speed as the magnetic field that is set up within the rings 5, 6. In this way the rotor system 4, 7 rotates with a rotational speed governed by the rings 5, 6 and in such a way that the rotor system is not touching the body portions 1, 2 and 3 of the craft.
  • the electromotor rings 5, 6 will be aligned such that they always are positioned directly opposite each other in the vertical plane.
  • a set of actuators 8, 9 (schematically indicated on fig. 2) the rotor system 4, 7 will follow the rings 5, 6 and adopt the same position in the horizontal plane.
  • an eccentric rotation relative to the body of the craft is obtained, which in turn provides a possibility for manoeuvring the craft like that described in WO 01/56879 Al.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

An electric/electromagnetic drive system for different types of crafts and in particular vertically/horizontally flying crafts where the drive system(s) is arranged within/around a hub area and having a frictionless/non-contacting electromagnetic support of a lifting means. The lifting means comprises rotor blades (4) fixed to a rotor in the form of a magnetic ring (7) arranged resting on a base part (2) within the body of the craft when the craft is immobile. Within the upper part (1) of the body is an electromotor ring (5) provided, which is adapted to generate a rotating electromagnetic field creating non-contacting transmission of power to the rotor blades (4).

Description

Electromagnetic operation of a rotor system
The present invention relates to electromotive operation of a horizontally and vertically flying aircraft of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1, and in particular it relates to a drive system that can be used for propellers, rotors etc., and control thereof by displacement of the axis centre of the drive system relative to the normal position, the axis of motion or gravitational axis of the craft.
Rotating blades are used in different connections, inter alia for helicopters. Usually the intention with rotating blades is to provide lifting or thrusting power. Normally the power is transferred to the rotor blades by means of mechanical devices. Mechanical power transmission is bound by disadvantages in the form of mechanical loss in the power transferring mechanisms and mechanical loads that can result in wear and tear and material rupture.
Hub motors of several types are known and utilised in different occasions in order to obtain energy effective and space-saving drive systems. In such systems one attempts to avoid transmission systems having gears, axles, couplings etc. in order to reduce friction, weight and space requirements.
It is of particular interest to use electrical drive systems in which mechanical gear systems are completely avoided by using modern electronic control/management of the electric drive system. Such systems are inter alia known in electric cars and vehicles.
US 4,955,560 and US 4,702,437 illustrate examples of helicopters having electric motor operation, but conventional power transmission is indicated.
The publication US 4,807,830 shows an aircraft having an annular rotor in which it is a magnetic field to obtain a "frictionless" support during operation. The operation appears to be jet nozzles, but operation with electro magnets is indicated. However, any adequate solution in connection with helicopters of the type disclosed by the present invention is not described. JP A2 6165479 describes an electric motor in which an annular rotor is driven by means of magnetism and electric power, but that this can be used in relation to a vertically/horizontally flying craft is not indicated.
One of the objects with the present invention will be to avoid mechanical friction and loads that can result in fracture in the rotor structure of a vertically/horizontally flying craft, in addition to simplify the transmission mechanism and minimise gears between the drive motor and the propulsion means (rotor, propeller, etc.). Moreover is the object to be able to regulate the position of the rotor centre in an easy way in connection with the manoeuvring of the craft.
Modern electric motor systems makes it possible today to "support" the rotor of the drive system in a magnetic field and thus avoid, in some instances, a comprehensive and expensive joumalling system for the rotating axle, which in turn constitutes the drive shaft/transmission to a wheel, propeller, rotor or similar. In that this rotor portion for example consists of a permanent magnetic material, can electric transmission to this portion by use of brushes or other means likewise be avoided.
This magnetic field support will also contribute to a more soft transmission of impacts or else against the drive wheel, since a direct mechanical transmission of such impacts against the drive means is avoided and this will in turn reduce the number of wear parts in the system. The magnetic field gap can also be increased and be designed such that an optimal balance between the efficiency of the motor and the power/impact absorption that the magnetic field should be able to receive is obtained.
One feature of the invention is that by moving the stator system of the motor, then the rotor portion will follow and this may in an easy way be used for controlling or adjusting the propeller/rotor or similar in order to obtain the desired effect in respect of influencing the craft. For example can this system be utilised in a helicopter of the type disclosed in WO 01/56879 Al, with the same applicant as the present invention, in which a helicopter can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting/displace the rotor centre relative to the gravitational axis of the helicopter.
This displacement/movement of the rotor centre can for example be performed by a set of actuators that displace the stator rings of an electric motor in the rotor hub. Thus a possibility for a very simplified complete drive system for a helicopter is provided in that the motor is laying within/forms the hub of the rotor and the "suspension" for the rotor is less friction and omit support points, gear or conventional suspension.
This invention thus also provides a possibility for a completely electric driven helicopter in which also a tail rotor can be electric driven. As current/energy source a generator driven by a turbine is a possibility, or a fuel cell, in which a very noiseless craft with extremely reduced, respectively none pollutive emissions is obtained.
In the following the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, where:
Fig. 1 shows from above the craft including the drive means according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows a cross sectional view along the line A-A in fig. 1.
The drive system operates in a body consisting of an upper portion 1 and a lower portion 2. The upper portion 1 and the lower portion 2 are kept in position by a connecting structure 3, such that the portions 1, 2, and 3 constitute the integrated body of the craft.
A number of rotor blades 4 are fixed to a rotor in the form of a magnetic ring 7. The magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 are initially resting on the lower portion 2. Within the upper portion 1 of the body is an electromotor ring 5 arranged, which is able to generate a rotating electromagnetic field. A corresponding ring 6 is provided in the lower portion 2 of the body. The rings 5, 6 are initially positioned with their rotational centres in the rotational centre of the body and such that the magnetic ring 7 is laying therebetween.
The rings 5, 6 are supplied with electric current from a power source onboard the craft so that a rotating electromagnetic field is created within the space between the rings 5, 6. The electric power source can be created by a jet turbine with a generator and where the jet stream in addition can be used to stabilise the craft. The rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field is allowed to be varied by means of known electromagnetic principles. When a rotating electromagnetic field is set up between the rings 5, 6 the magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 will be elevated from the lower portion 2 and adopt a hovering or suspending position between the rings 5, 6 due to the electromagnetic forces that are introduced between said rings. The magnetic ring 7 with the rotor blades 4 will follow the same rotational speed as the magnetic field that is set up within the rings 5, 6. In this way the rotor system 4, 7 rotates with a rotational speed governed by the rings 5, 6 and in such a way that the rotor system is not touching the body portions 1, 2 and 3 of the craft.
The electromotor rings 5, 6 will be aligned such that they always are positioned directly opposite each other in the vertical plane. By displacing the rotational centre of the rings in the horizontal plane by means of a set of actuators 8, 9 (schematically indicated on fig. 2) the rotor system 4, 7 will follow the rings 5, 6 and adopt the same position in the horizontal plane. In this way an eccentric rotation relative to the body of the craft is obtained, which in turn provides a possibility for manoeuvring the craft like that described in WO 01/56879 Al.

Claims

P a t e n t c l a i m s
1.
An electric/electromagnetic drive system for different types of crafts and in particular vertically/horizontally flying crafts where the drive system is arranged within/around a hub area and having a frictionless/non-contacting electromagnetic support of a lifting means, characterised in that the lifting means comprises rotor blades (4) secured to a rotor in the form of a magnetic ring (7) arranged resting on a lower part (2) within the body of the craft when the craft is immobile, and that within the upper part (1) of the body is an electromotor ring (5) provided, which is arranged to generate a rotating electromagnetic field creating non-contacting power transmission to the rotor blades (4).
2.
System according to claim 1, characterised in that the electric motor comprises fixed stator rings (5, 6) that are mechanically fixed to the craft and having actuators (8, 9) that are able to displace/adjust these in XYZ-directions and an intermediate rotor ring (7) that is mechanically fixed to the rotor blades (4).
3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the rotor blades (4) are displaceable in a radial direction through the rotor (7).
4.
System according to any of the claims 1-3, characterised in that the rotor blades (4) for a helicopter are mechanically secured to the rotor (7) with a fixed pitch.
5.
System according to any of the claims 1-4, characterised in that electric energy for the system is provided by means of a jet turbine with a generator and that the jet stream is arranged to be used for stabilising the craft. System according to any of the claims 1-5, characterised in that the power axis in the drive system can be displaced by displacing the electromagnetic field/stator field, relative to the gravitational centre of the craft.
PCT/NO2002/000186 2001-05-28 2002-05-27 Electromagnetic operation of a rotor system WO2002096752A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20012605 2001-05-28
NO20012605A NO20012605A (en) 2001-05-28 2001-05-28 Electromagnetic operation of rotor systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002096752A1 true WO2002096752A1 (en) 2002-12-05

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1502852A1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-02 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni A flying machine
EP1632647A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-08 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Rotary combustion engine system and its applications
EP1917189A2 (en) * 2005-08-22 2008-05-07 Dumitru Bojiuc Discoidal flying craft
EP2821344A1 (en) 2013-07-02 2015-01-07 AIRBUS HELICOPTERS DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Rotor drive system
CN108100245A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 中航贵州飞机有限责任公司 Full electromagnetic suspension magnetic control rotor system
WO2019012191A1 (en) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Willinger Yann Raymond Albert Device for directly controlling a blade by means of an electromechanical actuator

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4807830A (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-02-28 Horton Paul F Aircraft with magnetically coupled annulus
US4953811A (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-09-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-driving helicopter tail rotor
WO2001056879A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2001-08-09 Simicon As Device by a horizontally and vertically flying aircraft
WO2001087707A1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-11-22 Sunlase, Inc. Aircraft and hybrid with magnetic airfoil suspension and drive

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4807830A (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-02-28 Horton Paul F Aircraft with magnetically coupled annulus
US4953811A (en) * 1988-10-19 1990-09-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Self-driving helicopter tail rotor
WO2001056879A1 (en) * 2000-02-01 2001-08-09 Simicon As Device by a horizontally and vertically flying aircraft
WO2001087707A1 (en) * 2000-05-15 2001-11-22 Sunlase, Inc. Aircraft and hybrid with magnetic airfoil suspension and drive

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1502852A1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-02-02 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni A flying machine
EP1632647A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-08 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Rotary combustion engine system and its applications
EP1917189A2 (en) * 2005-08-22 2008-05-07 Dumitru Bojiuc Discoidal flying craft
EP1917189A4 (en) * 2005-08-22 2010-07-28 Dumitru Bojiuc Discoidal flying craft
EP2821344A1 (en) 2013-07-02 2015-01-07 AIRBUS HELICOPTERS DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Rotor drive system
US9758245B2 (en) 2013-07-02 2017-09-12 Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH Rotor drive system
CN108100245A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 中航贵州飞机有限责任公司 Full electromagnetic suspension magnetic control rotor system
WO2019012191A1 (en) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Willinger Yann Raymond Albert Device for directly controlling a blade by means of an electromechanical actuator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO313505B1 (en) 2002-10-14
NO20012605D0 (en) 2001-05-28
NO20012605A (en) 2002-10-14

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