WO2002093720A1 - Appareil universel de moteur/generateur/alternateur - Google Patents

Appareil universel de moteur/generateur/alternateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002093720A1
WO2002093720A1 PCT/US2002/015478 US0215478W WO02093720A1 WO 2002093720 A1 WO2002093720 A1 WO 2002093720A1 US 0215478 W US0215478 W US 0215478W WO 02093720 A1 WO02093720 A1 WO 02093720A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
motor
magnets
windings
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/015478
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gordon G. James
Original Assignee
Trinity Motors Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trinity Motors Inc. filed Critical Trinity Motors Inc.
Priority to US10/476,430 priority Critical patent/US20040150289A1/en
Priority to JP2002590483A priority patent/JP2005520470A/ja
Publication of WO2002093720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002093720A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
    • H02K19/22—Synchronous generators having windings each turn of which co-operates alternately with poles of opposite polarity, e.g. heteropolar generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K37/00—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
    • H02K37/10—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type
    • H02K37/12—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors

Definitions

  • the present invention is a novel apparatus that can function in a variety of ways to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy, or vise-versa, depending upon how it is specifically deployed in its various possible embodiments. For example, it can function as a critical component in a generator/alternator. In addition, it can be deployed as an electric motor.
  • the terminology "universal motor/generator/alternator”, as used herein, is therefore intended to indicate the multiplicity of ways that the person of ordinary skill in the art can utilize this apparatus in its various embodiments.
  • these embodiments include (but are not limited to) its use as an essential component in the following: AC motors (single or multiple phase); AC generators (single or multiple phase); DC motors; DC generators; universal motors; stepper motors; servo motors; switched reluctance (SR) motors; linear motors; pancake motors; and high speed/high acceleration motors.
  • AC motors single or multiple phase
  • AC generators single or multiple phase
  • DC motors DC generators
  • DC generators universal motors
  • stepper motors servo motors
  • switched reluctance (SR) motors switched reluctance
  • linear motors pancake motors
  • high speed/high acceleration motors high speed/high acceleration motors.
  • this universal motor/generator/alternator apparatus can be envisioned as comprising at least one moveable body or multiple moving bodies, such as a shuttle or rotor, having multiple surfaces when viewed in cross-section, each surface comprising a plurality of magnets, or coils, thereon; multiple electrical conductor assemblies (for example, stator windings or solenoids) surrounding each movable body, such electrical conductor in an assembly being positioned so as to be substantially coplanar to a corresponding moveable element surface that contains the magnets and means to either energize the electrical conductor in the electrical conductor assemblies to thereby create magnetic fields that interact with corresponding magnetic fields, from the magnets in the moveable body, thereby causing movement of the body; or to mechanically move the moveable body thereby inducing an electric current in the electrical conductors
  • the present invention comprises the following elements: (a) at least one rotor that has multiple surfaces, when viewed in cross-section, comprising a plurality of magnets on each such surface; (b) multiple stator assemblies surrounding each rotor which each comprise multiple windings therein, each stator in the assembly being positioned so as to be substantially coplanar to a corresponding rotor surface that comprises the magnets; and (c) means to either: (i) energize the windings in the stator assemblies to thereby create magnetic fields that interact with corresponding magnetic fields in the rotor causing rotation of the rotor; or (ii) to mechanically rotate the rotor thereby inducing an electric current in the stator windings assemblies.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates, in an exploded perspective view, the second foregoing embodiment showing the rotor 11 and stator assemblies 12a and 12b.
  • the magnets 13, which preferably are permanent, in the depicted rotor embodiment are on four surfaces 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d, with surfaces 14c and 14d being partially hidden with the opposing sides of 14a and 14b, respectively.
  • the magnets 13 need to be of a material that substantially retains permanent flux density upon repulsion.
  • Representative magnetic materials of this type include, but are not limited to, ceramic ferrite, bonded samarium cobalt, and sintered neodymium-iron-boron (Nd- Fe-B) compositions.
  • stator assemblies 12a and 12b each have a plurality of windings.
  • each individual stator which can be of any winding configuration (e.g. a conical shaped configuration), in the assembly are positioned so that they are substantially coplanar (or at a substantially 180-degree orientation) to a corresponding rotor surface comprising the magnets.
  • the respective, associated magnetic fields on the rotor and stator assemblies are at substantially 90- degree to one another to avoid undesired eddy current interference (as seen in Fig. 4 to be described below).
  • Such an arrangement allows for a high degree of magnetic coupling allowing the depicted platform to have very high flux efficiencies as compared to a conventional motor/generator/alternator configuration lacking this novel arrangement.
  • the stator assemblies can surround the rotor except at the power take-off surface.
  • the power take off surface can comprise a planetary gear set and an output shaft or a protruding gear located within the housing 20 of the apparatus.
  • the windings comprise a plurality of connecting points for energizing the windings both with and without active control of the system.
  • a central shaft 16 fixedly-joined at 17 to the center of the rotor and traversing central apertures 18 in each stator assembly 12a and 12b and endplates 19 complete the assembly.
  • the general rotor/stator shown in Fig. 1 is adapted to be joined to conventional means to function as a motor, as a generator, or as an alternator using techniques that are well known in the art.
  • the structure will function as a motor if one energizes the windings in the stator assemblies by supplying electrical current to such windings by conventional means (not shown) to hereby create magnetic fields (acting at 90-degrees to the current flowing direction) that interact with corresponding magnetic flux lines, generated by the permanent magnets in the rotor, causing the moveable body to rotate.
  • the assembly shown in Fig. 1 will function as a generator if one mechanically rotates the shaft and its attached rotor (using conventional means not depicted) to induce an electric current in the windings.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a rotor (11) having a square cross- section, which shows the rotor surfaces (14) and permanent magnets (13) more clearly.
  • Preferred rotor cross-sectional shapes include a square, triangular, multi- sided or bilateral (namely a flat plate with two or more fields) configurations. All rotor configurations for this invention will consist of a radial 360-degree flux field on multiple surfaces of the rotor, or rotors.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment where a linear motor system is constructed that employs the same general principles underlying the operation of the system illustrated in Fig. 1 with regard to the positioning of the magnets and the surrounding assemblies, which contain the electrical conductors that generate magnetic fields when an electrical current is introduced.
  • This system comprises of a movable shuttle, on a guide rod (35), with multiple permanent magnets (32) embedded in its surface, a plurality of solenoid assemblies (33) surrounding the shuttle with each solenoid in the assembly being positioned so as to be substantially coplanar to a corresponding surface in the shuttle that comprises the magnets.
  • Means are provided to either energize the solenoids to thereby create magnetic fields that interact with corresponding magnetic fields from the shuttle causing movement of the shuttle or to mechanically move the shuttle thereby inducing an electric current in the solenoids in the solenoid assemblies.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a cross-section of the system showing magnetic flux path.
  • stator/solenoid windings By wiring the stator/solenoid windings to use the natural inherent rotating magnetic field generated by a alternating electrical current or by applying an active control system to energize the winding pairs in sequence, alternating attractive and repulsive forces (in the AC case) or sequenced attractive forces (in the controlled case) can be applied to the rotor/shuttle to transmute electrical energy into mechanical energy thereby moving the rotor/shuttle and any appendages that might be attached to the rotor/shuttle.
  • alternating attractive and repulsive forces in the AC case
  • sequenced attractive forces in the controlled case
  • n number of turns in the coil
  • Ri Reluctance in the stator/solenoid core xl/u 0
  • a ag Reluctance in air gap between stator/solenoid face and rotor/shuttle face Y m
  • pra Flux of permanent magnets x2/u 0
  • a mg Reluctance in air gap between rotor/shuttle magnets x3/uclock
  • a 22 cross sectional area in the corresponding air gaps
  • the air gap force is proportional to the air gap flux squared as well as the flux density squared.
  • An induction motor can be constructed by embedding steel laminations (61) inside the rotor, see Fig. 6.
  • the motor can function either as a single phase or multi-phase AC motor.
  • the windings belonging to the same phase may be connected in either series or parallel mode so as to operate the motor at one of the two different operating voltages.
  • a commutator can be employed so that the motor functions as a DC motor.
  • Universal AC/DC Motor In this case, a commutator is employed and the windings are connected so as to operate the motor in this fashion.
  • Brushless/Servo Motor Here, an active control system is used and the stator windings are configured in a three-phase winding arrangement with a wye connection to produce trapezoidal torque characteristics.
  • Pancake Motor A pancake motor can be considered as any motor having a large diameter compared to its thickness. Commonly referred to as a torque motor, these motors offer direct drive capability without the use of mechanically transmissions to deliver power to the load.
  • Stepper Motor An active control system is used to pulse and hold the rotor thereby moving it in discrete increments of rotation allowing the motor to function as a stepper motor.
  • an active control system is used to energize the coil windings, independently connected in phase pairs, in a sequential pattern to develop a rotating magnetic field.
  • the multiple permanent magnets are configured in pole pairs so that the pole pairs follow the rotating magnetic fields.
  • High speed/ high acceleration Motor An active control system is used to energize the coil windings with a varying high frequency sinusoidal electric field.
  • Motor/Generator/Alternator Either with or without active control of this system, the windings are controlled externally so that portions of the windings may be switched on or off allowing this system to utilize the kinetic energy of the rotor and attached assemblages to produce an electric current. For example, this current can be fed back onto a local power grid.
  • the windings are controlled externally so that portions of the windings may be switched on or off allowing this system to utilize the kinetic energy of the rotor and attached assemblages to produce an electric current by the interaction with the permanent magnets. Furthermore, this current can be fed back onto a local power grid.
  • the stator assemblies can completely surround the rotor except at the power input surface, which comprises of either a planetary gear set located within the apparatus housing and an input shaft or a gear protruding from the surface of the motor housing.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates how the rotor can be modified to incorporate a planetary gear set (81).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil universel de moteur/générateur/alternateur comprenant au moins un corps amovible (par exemple, un rotor ou un furet) (11) doté de plusieurs surfaces (14a-d) - lorsqu'il est présenté en coupe transversale -, d'une pluralité d'aimants ou de bobines (13) sur chaque surface (14a-d), de plusieurs ensembles conducteurs d'électricité (par exemple, des enroulements de stator ou des solénoïdes) (15) entourant chaque corps amovible (14) qui possède plusieurs conducteurs électriques. Chaque conducteur électrique (15) d'un ensemble est disposé de manière à être pratiquement coplanaire avec une surface (14a-d) d'un élément amovible correspondant (11) comprenant les aimants ou les bobines (13). Cet appareil universel comporte aussi un dispositif permettant soit de mettre sous tension les ensembles conducteurs d'électricité (15) pour créer des champs magnétiques qui interagissent avec des champs magnétiques correspondants dans le corps amovible (11), ce qui provoque un mouvement du corps (11), soit de déplacer mécaniquement le corps amovible (11), ce qui induit un courant électrique dans les conducteurs d'électricité (15) desdits ensembles.
PCT/US2002/015478 2001-05-16 2002-05-14 Appareil universel de moteur/generateur/alternateur WO2002093720A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/476,430 US20040150289A1 (en) 2002-05-14 2002-05-14 Universal motor/generator/alternator apparatus
JP2002590483A JP2005520470A (ja) 2001-05-16 2002-05-14 モーター／交流発電機／同期発電機万能機器

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29146401P 2001-05-16 2001-05-16
US60/291,464 2001-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002093720A1 true WO2002093720A1 (fr) 2002-11-21

Family

ID=23120397

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2002/015478 WO2002093720A1 (fr) 2001-05-16 2002-05-14 Appareil universel de moteur/generateur/alternateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2005520470A (fr)
WO (1) WO2002093720A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3485556A4 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2020-07-29 Genesis Robotics and Motion Technologies Canada, ULC Machine électrique à entrefer axial à aimants permanents disposés entre des montants
EP3758199A1 (fr) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-30 General Dynamics Mission Systems - Canada Actionneur électrique à entraînement direct
US11139707B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2021-10-05 Genesis Robotics And Motion Technologies Canada, Ulc Axial gap electric machine with permanent magnets arranged between posts

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3538364A (en) * 1968-01-30 1970-11-03 Cem Comp Electro Mec Rotary electrical machine of direct or alternating current type
US4127802A (en) * 1977-04-06 1978-11-28 Johnson Milton H High torque stepping motor
US4501980A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-02-26 Motornetics Corporation High torque robot motor
US5753989A (en) * 1993-06-14 1998-05-19 Ecoair Corp. Hybrid alternator
US6236124B1 (en) * 1998-05-01 2001-05-22 Nisso Electric Corporation Linear motor
US6329734B1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2001-12-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Permanent magnet and reluctance type rotating machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3538364A (en) * 1968-01-30 1970-11-03 Cem Comp Electro Mec Rotary electrical machine of direct or alternating current type
US4127802A (en) * 1977-04-06 1978-11-28 Johnson Milton H High torque stepping motor
US4501980A (en) * 1982-06-04 1985-02-26 Motornetics Corporation High torque robot motor
US5753989A (en) * 1993-06-14 1998-05-19 Ecoair Corp. Hybrid alternator
US6236124B1 (en) * 1998-05-01 2001-05-22 Nisso Electric Corporation Linear motor
US6329734B1 (en) * 1999-02-22 2001-12-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Permanent magnet and reluctance type rotating machine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11139707B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2021-10-05 Genesis Robotics And Motion Technologies Canada, Ulc Axial gap electric machine with permanent magnets arranged between posts
EP3485556A4 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2020-07-29 Genesis Robotics and Motion Technologies Canada, ULC Machine électrique à entrefer axial à aimants permanents disposés entre des montants
EP3758199A1 (fr) * 2019-06-25 2020-12-30 General Dynamics Mission Systems - Canada Actionneur électrique à entraînement direct
US11211837B2 (en) 2019-06-25 2021-12-28 General Dynamics Land Systems—Canada Actuator with individually computerized and networked electromagnetic poles
US11929645B2 (en) 2019-06-25 2024-03-12 General Dynamics Land Systems—Canada Corporation Method of driving a driven structure relative to a base structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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