WO2002090869A2 - Disque a base de poudre, a enveloppe externe solide, pour projectile d'arme a feu a composantes multiples - Google Patents

Disque a base de poudre, a enveloppe externe solide, pour projectile d'arme a feu a composantes multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002090869A2
WO2002090869A2 PCT/US2002/013482 US0213482W WO02090869A2 WO 2002090869 A2 WO2002090869 A2 WO 2002090869A2 US 0213482 W US0213482 W US 0213482W WO 02090869 A2 WO02090869 A2 WO 02090869A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disc
projectile
particles
metal powder
powder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/013482
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002090869A3 (fr
Inventor
Harold F. Beal
Original Assignee
Beal Harold F
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beal Harold F filed Critical Beal Harold F
Priority to AU2002340598A priority Critical patent/AU2002340598A1/en
Publication of WO2002090869A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002090869A2/fr
Publication of WO2002090869A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002090869A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gun ammunition, and specifically to gun ammunition in which a round of the ammunition includes a casing which houses gunpowder and a projectile. More specifically, the present invention relates to multi-component projectiles for gun ammunition.
  • Severe non-uniformity of the density distribution of the projectile about its longitudinal axis can result in jamming of the projectile within the gun barrel, or in less serious wobble, damage to the lands of the rifling of the gun barrel.
  • Accuracy of delivery of the projectile to a target also dictates that the projectile be of consistent construction, including weight, from projectile to projectile so that a consistent given load of gun powder employed in each round of ammunition will ensure that each round of ammunition functions precisely like each other round of the ammunition.
  • the formation of the ogive tends to partially crush that portion of the core which is involved in the formation of the ogive, generating unbonded metal powder adjacent the leading end of the projectile.
  • this unbonded powder is free to escape from the projectile during handling of a round of ammunition, while the round is in a gun, and/or after the round has been fired and the projectile is traveling to a target.
  • the quantity of unbonded metal powder adjacent the open end of the jacket will vary from a few particulates of metal powder to many particulates of metal powder, it is to be noted that even one loose metal particle escaping from the jacket can adversely affect the operation of the gas-operated bolt actuation mechanism of an automatic or semiautomatic weapon, or can create undue localized wear of the bore of a weapon, whether the weapon be a bolt action-type weapon or an automatic or semiautomatic weapon. Further, dislocation of a material quantity of metal powder particulates can adversely affect the spin stability of a powder-based projectile, hence adversely affect the accuracy of delivery of the projectile to an intended target.
  • the cap of this copending application comprises a metal powder, particularly a tin metal powder, which is die formed into a disc of a preselected diameter, and which is of uniform cross-sectional thickness, is uniform in density throughout the disc, and which is deformable when deployed in a projectile jacket with a core and the open (leading) end of the combination is die-formed to define an ogive on the leading end of the multi-component projectile.
  • One embodiment of a method for the formation of the skin -bearing powder-based disc comprises the steps of compacting, in a die cavity, a quantity of a metal powder into a self-supporting disc, heating this disc to a temperature and for a time whereupon only the powder particles disposed on the outer surface of the disc meld together to define a skin on the outer surface of the disc, but not to a temperature nor for a time whereupon sufficient quantities of powder particles become sufficiently fluid to overcome the surface tension of the melded particles and resultant deleterious deformation of the overall original geometry of the disc.
  • Figure 1 is schematic flow diagram of one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 2-4 depict the various steps in the die-pressing of a metal powder into a self-supporting disc suitable for use in the present invention
  • Figure 7 depicts the die-forming of an ogive at the open end of the jacket depicted in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 depicts a projectile formed employing the method of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a representation of a round of gun ammunition embodying a projectile as depicted in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a representation of an oven suitable for heating the discs of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a representation of an alternative embodiment of a projectile embodying various features of the present invention.
  • a quantity of a metal powder 12, or a mixture of metal powders is pressed, at room temperature, in the cavity 14 of a die 16 to define a disc 18.
  • This disc is of a preselected diameter suitable for receipt within an open-ended jacket 20 (see Figures 5 and 6) designed and sized for defining a projectile 22 (Figure 8) for a given caliber of gun ammunition 24 ( Figure 9).
  • the pressed disc 18 of the present invention is of uniform density throughout the disc, and is of a uniform thickness, and includes an outer skin 25 as depicted in Figure 12. Moreover, its opposite sides 27,29 are essentially planar and parallel to one another.
  • the pressed disc 18, after removal from the die 16, is placed in an oven 28 ( Figure 10) which is initially at room temperature. Depending on the thickness and diameter of the disc, it is heated over a period of time to a temperature at which the outer peripheral margin of the disc to commence a type of melding of those metal powder particles disposed adjacent the outer peripheral surface of the disc, that is, those particles of metal powder which are disposed on the outer margin of the disc meld together. Thereupon, and before the melding process has proceeded to the point where the surface tension of the heated disc is overcome and the metal commences to flow, the oven is turned off and the door 30 thereof is opened to room temperature.
  • the thickness of the skin produced on the outer peripheral surface of the disc may vary from a thickness generally equal to the diameter of a single metal powder particle to a thickness generally equal to the collective diameters of several single powder particles.
  • the thickness of the skin may vary from about a single particle diameter in the range of between about 0.0029 (200 mesh) to about 0.0017 inch (325 mesh) up to a range of between about 5 to about 10 times the foregoing range values, such as where the skin extends to a thickness of 5 to 10 average particle diameters.
  • the present inventor has found that very small, even minute, deviations in the uniformity of distribution of the density in a direction radially of a disc can destroy the spin stability of a projectile containing the disc and thereby essentially destroy the accuracy of delivery of the projectile to its target.
  • This effect of the density distribution within the disc can be readily understood when it is recognized that a gun projectile leaving the rifled barrel of a rifle having a seven twist is spinning about its longitudinal axis at several hundred thousand revolutions per minute. Spinning projectiles will travel more truly along their trajectory than non-spinning projectiles.
  • the die-pressed tin metal powder was substantially free of oxidation. It was pressed at room temperature, using a pressure of about 16,000 psi, into a disc having a diameter of 0.191 inch and a thickness of 0.030 inch. The opposite sides of the disc were planar and essentially parallel to one another. The density of the disc was substantially uniform throughout the disc. This disc was placed in an electrically-heated oven which was initially at room temperature. With the door of the oven closed, the temperature within the oven was increased, over a time period of about 45 minutes, to approximately 430° F.
  • the heating of the disc was visually monitored and when the compact within the oven took on a dark blue surface coloration, and before the surface tension of the liquefying metal powder was overcome such that flow of the metal occurred, the oven was turned off and the door of the oven was immediately opened to room temperature, thereby quenching the disc.
  • the disc was inserted into a copper metal jacket 20 for a .223 cal. projectile, which previously had received a cylindrical die- pressed metal powder core 38 therein.
  • the disc as initially positioned within the jacket was disposed overlying the outboard face 40 of the cylindrical core.
  • the open (leading) end 42 of the jacket was disposed in a die cavity 44 designed to define a seven ogive 46 on the leading end of the projectile 48.
  • This die- forming operation deformed the disc into a substantially hollow, general hemispherical, i.e. cup-shaped, body, i.e., cap, 50 within the jacket.
  • a portion 52 of the outboard (leading) end of the cylindrical core was caused to flow into the hollow concavity 54 of the deformed cap, and both the cap and the powder particulates of the core were caused to substantially fill the ogive end of the jacket, leaving, in one embodiment, a relative small opening, i.e. a meplat cavity, 60 at the leading end of the projectile.
  • the meplat cavity was 0.1 inch in depth and about .062 inch in diameter at the open end of the projectile.
  • the disc of the present invention was noted to yield uniformly as it was urged into the ogive geometry to define the cap, with no fracture thereof and no material deviation from uniform distribution of density radially from the longitudinal centerline of the projectile.
  • the deformed cap was disposed most outwardly of the jacket and defined a seal across the full cross-section of the ogive to preclude the escape therepast of any loose metal powder particles emanating from the crushed end of the core.
  • the skin-bearing disc of the present invention is deformable to the extent required to permit the die-forming of an ogive on a projectile which contains the disc adjacent the leading end of a core disposed within the jacket, without destruction of the integrity of the disc itself.
  • the limit of deformation of the disc is that deformation which will form the disc into at least a substantially hollow hemispherical geometry without material disintegration of the disc.
  • the present inventor has found that use of a blend of particle sizes of the powder from which the disc is formed provides for apparent flow within the powder-based disc in much the same manner that solid metal flows when deformed, thereby imparting to the powder-based disc the ability to withstand the required deformation without disintegration of the disc.
  • the tin be substantially free of surface oxidation of the powder particles. Where such surface oxidation is present, it may be driven off by heating the tin powder. Alternatively, greater die-pressing pressure may be employed in certain circumstances unless the degree of oxidation of the tin is unsuitably pervasive.
  • Projectiles were prepared using discs of 0.090 inch, 0.030 inch, and
  • the disc of the present invention in thicknesses of less than about 0.090 inch are frangible upon the projectile striking a solid or semi-solid target, including in certain embodiments, frangible when striking a conventional gel block or animal tissue.
  • multiple discs of the present invention may be employed in a single jacket, such the embodiment wherein two powder- based cores are disposed in tandem within a single jacket.
  • a disc of the present invention may be disposed between the abutting surfaces of the two cores, and a further disc of the present invention may be disposed within the ogive portion of the projectile.
  • the disc of the present invention is deformable to the extent required to permit the die-forming of an ogive on a projectile which contains the disc adjacent the leading end of a core disposed within the jacket.
  • the limit of deformation of the disc is that deformation which will form the disc into at least a substantially hollow hemispherical geometry without material disintegration of the disc.
  • the present inventor has found that use of a blend of particle sizes of the powder from which the disc is formed provides for sufficient ductility within the powder-based disc in much the same manner that solid metal flows when deformed, thereby imparting to the powder-based disc the ability to withstand the required deformation without disintegration of the disc.
  • the tin be substantially free of surface oxidation of the powder particles. Where such surface oxidation is present, it may be driven off by heating the tin powder. Where the degree of oxidation is not major, higher pressing pressures may suffice to form the desired self-supporting compact.
  • This action causes the leading open end of the jacket, the leading end 50 of the core 52, and the disc 18 to be urged radially inwardly of the die cavity 82 as the jacket is swaged into conformity with the ogive geometry of the die cavity.
  • This radial and longitudinal pressure applied to the disc and leading end of the core causes the disc to assume a generally hollow hemispherical geometry (see Figures 8 and 9) and causes the leading end of the core to flow radially and longitudinally relative to the jacket centerline. A portion of the core thus flows into the hollow hemispherical disc to substantially fill this hollow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un projectile (22) pour arme à feu de calibre inférieur ou égal à 50, qui comporte une chemise externe (20) à ligne centrale longitudinale (23), et qui abrite un ou plusieurs coeurs (52) à base de poudre ou de mélange de poudres, comprenant un disque frangible (18), avec région centrale constituée d'une quantité de particules non liées et comprimées, au moins à base d'une poudre métallique, et enveloppe périphérique externe (35) définie par celles des particules qui sont fusionnées. L'invention concerne également la fabrication du disque, du projectile équipé de ce disque, et de munitions (24) utilisant un tel projectile.
PCT/US2002/013482 2001-04-30 2002-04-30 Disque a base de poudre, a enveloppe externe solide, pour projectile d'arme a feu a composantes multiples WO2002090869A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002340598A AU2002340598A1 (en) 2001-04-30 2002-04-30 Solid outer skin powder-base disc for projectiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28754001P 2001-04-30 2001-04-30
US60/287,540 2001-04-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002090869A2 true WO2002090869A2 (fr) 2002-11-14
WO2002090869A3 WO2002090869A3 (fr) 2003-10-09

Family

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PCT/US2002/013482 WO2002090869A2 (fr) 2001-04-30 2002-04-30 Disque a base de poudre, a enveloppe externe solide, pour projectile d'arme a feu a composantes multiples

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002340598A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002090869A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106247870A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-12-21 深圳市注成科技有限公司 易碎弹芯及其制造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2393648A (en) * 1942-02-20 1946-01-29 Carl A Martin Projectile
US5279787A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-01-18 Oltrogge Victor C High density projectile and method of making same from a mixture of low density and high density metal powders
US5847313A (en) * 1997-01-30 1998-12-08 Cove Corporation Projectile for ammunition cartridge
US6371029B1 (en) * 2000-01-26 2002-04-16 Harold F. Beal Powder-based disc for gun ammunition having a projectile which includes a frangible powder-based core disposed within a metallic jacket

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2393648A (en) * 1942-02-20 1946-01-29 Carl A Martin Projectile
US5279787A (en) * 1992-04-29 1994-01-18 Oltrogge Victor C High density projectile and method of making same from a mixture of low density and high density metal powders
US5847313A (en) * 1997-01-30 1998-12-08 Cove Corporation Projectile for ammunition cartridge
US6371029B1 (en) * 2000-01-26 2002-04-16 Harold F. Beal Powder-based disc for gun ammunition having a projectile which includes a frangible powder-based core disposed within a metallic jacket

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106247870A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-12-21 深圳市注成科技有限公司 易碎弹芯及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002340598A1 (en) 2002-11-18
WO2002090869A3 (fr) 2003-10-09

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