WO2002089940A2 - Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same - Google Patents
Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002089940A2 WO2002089940A2 PCT/US2002/012490 US0212490W WO02089940A2 WO 2002089940 A2 WO2002089940 A2 WO 2002089940A2 US 0212490 W US0212490 W US 0212490W WO 02089940 A2 WO02089940 A2 WO 02089940A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- slurry
- building material
- tailings
- cementitious
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/06—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom by treating aluminous minerals or waste-like raw materials with alkali hydroxide, e.g. leaching of bauxite according to the Bayer process
- C01F7/066—Treatment of the separated residue
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D5/00—Sulfates or sulfites of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0409—Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for treating waste streams containing bauxite tailings to neutralize alkali metal hydroxide present, such as sodium hydroxide to obtain a product that can be incorporated into building or other materials, such as bricks to enhance their properties.
- the invention further relates to enhanced building materials containing tailing material treated in accordance with the process of the invention.
- a process for treating waste streams containing bauxite tailings to render them suitable for incorporation into useful construction materials, such as bricks, that are formed from cementi- tious material.
- the invention further provides an improved building material in which bauxite tailings which have been treated with a mineral acid to neutralize alkali metal hydroxides which can then be combined with a cementitious material and cured to provide a superior construction material .
- water and all or a portion of the alkali metal salts formed by the neutralization are removed.
- bauxite tailings are cominuted to a homogenous powder that can pass through a 1/16" or smaller screen mesh, and water is added to the tailings.
- the addition of the water takes place while vigorously agitating the mixture.
- Sufficient water is added so that the slurry will flow freely and uniformly.
- the desired consistency and viscosity is approximately that of non- gelatinous house paint.
- an acid is added to the slurry in sufficient quantity, (i.e. 1 molar weight of hydrogen for each mole of sodium present in the tailings) during the agitation procedure, thereby stripping the sodium atoms from their hydroxyl ions.
- a hydrogen atom from the acid exchanges positions with a sodium atom from the caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and forms water.
- the sodium ion takes up the vacancy left by the hydrogen atom to form a salt by-product.
- the specific salt is determined by the original mineral acid used, e.g. sulfuric acid would form sodium sulfate, hydrochloric acid would form sodium chloride.
- These salts are in solution and the slurry is separated either by centrifuge or by "slaking" or by any other means available. The salts are then separated from the water by distillation, or any other means, so that the water can be recycled to continue the process and the salts sold as industrial chemicals.
- the slurry Once the slurry has been separated from the salt solution, it is then ready to be utilized as a component in common building materials, such as paver bricks.
- common building materials such as paver bricks.
- the proportions of the individual components of the aggregate are the same as would be used for a "normal” paver brick except that the "stabilized bauxite tailings" are used in place of any 200 mesh fines that would normally be present. If they (200 mesh fines) are not used, then “stabilized bauxite tailings” would be added to the mixture at the proportion of about 20% by volume.
- the best mode of forming the finished product is currently the industry standard process of utilizing hydraulic compaction in conjunction with simultaneous vibrational compaction during the forming process of the premixed aggregate.
- the apparatus for making the concrete brick can have at least one visible surface having a "finished" face.
- the brick may be made by filling a mold with concrete mixture, vibrating the mold, and using a descending plunger to compress the concrete in the filled mold.
- At least one interior surface of the mold can have a textured surface used to form the texture in the brick.
- a movable sidewall of the mold is moved laterally away from the brick a distance sufficient for the textured surface of the mold wall to clear the textured surface of the brick when the mold is raised.
- the finished face would be formed by the plunger. With the plunger remaining in place, the mold is raised, following which, the plunger is raised, yielding the finished brick.
- the bricks should preferably be kept in a super saturated humidity environment and the bricks themselves should not be allowed to become “dry” during the first 168 hours of curing.
- the moisture levels can be maintained by housing the finished bricks in an enclosure that has a misting means that provides saturation wetting on regular intervals during the curing process. Superior performance/utilization characteristics are achieved when tailing content does not r+ rt ⁇ PJ 3 rt TJ ⁇ - > !
- Example 2 With 30% of the treated Red Mud added to a cementitious aggregate and with 30% of the Portland cement component replaced with the finely ground silicate tailings, a concrete "paver" brick can be formed, and cured to any dimension required to satisfy the aesthetic and structural requirements of the building industry and the consuming public.
- the resulting brick will have the enhanced characteristics: c. Compressive strength: greater than 3,000 p.s.i. d. Water absorption: less than 13.5%
- a common waste by-product of the Bayer process is a silicate rich component generally referred to as "sand” or “black sand”.
- the courser particles (the size of a grain of salt or larger) are' generally separated out of the process stream before the "digestion” phase of the Bayer process.
- This constituent is typically discarded, either separately or in suspension with the waste slurry.
- This material can also be utilized as an adjunct to, but is not essential for, the production of finished goods.
- silicates demonstrably enhance many of the curing and physical characteristics of the product of the invention. If these silicates are present in/at any given tailings site, they can be separated (if they aren't already) and ground to a fine powder consistency and added to the Portland cement as an enhancing agent to increase the strength and durability of the finished product. Optimal results are achieved when added to the Portland cement at a ratio of 30% silicates to 70% cement, however, improved product performance may be derived from just about any silicate proportion from about 5 to 50 percent.
- the "modified" Portland cement component is then admixed to a standard aggregate mixture along with the "stabilized red mud" of the present invention where water is added and the mixture is formed, vibrated and pressed to its finished shape and allowed to cure in a cool water saturated environment for at least 7 days .
- the maximum compression strength is reached by about the 28th day.
- the uses and applications of the invention are not limited to applications using concrete.
- the "stabilized tailings" of the invention can be used as filtration media, topsoil supplement, landfill capping, UV shielding in plastics, pigment for paint, plastics, ceramics and a non-polluting marker for surface water hydrology analysis.
- Driveways or patios can be lined with it (it's cheap and durable enough) or Bar-B-Ques can be built with it (it's a refractory brick too) .
- Roadside culverts can be lined with it or river revetments (because it has excellent efflorescence resistance) or the walls of a pig-iron smelter can be lined with it.
- by adding the stabilized tailings of the invention to standard Portland Cement it can then be used as an inexpensive and durable mortar for refractory brick emplacements .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR0209451A BR0209451A (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building and other materials containing treated bauxite gravel and process for making them |
HU0401749A HU226924B1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same |
ROA200300895A RO122276B1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Process for treating bauxite waste |
CA 2445052 CA2445052C (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same |
EP20020769101 EP1392615B1 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same |
ES02769101T ES2401134T3 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Construction materials and other materials with treated bauxite residues and their manufacturing process |
JP2002587067A JP2004530544A (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building materials containing treated bauxite debris and methods for their production |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US28766901P | 2001-05-02 | 2001-05-02 | |
US60/287,669 | 2001-05-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002089940A2 true WO2002089940A2 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
WO2002089940A3 WO2002089940A3 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
Family
ID=23103858
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/012490 WO2002089940A2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2002-04-23 | Building and other materials containing treated bauxite tailings and process for making same |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1392615B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004530544A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100467415C (en) |
BR (1) | BR0209451A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2445052C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2401134T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU226924B1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO122276B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2311375C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002089940A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005061408A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-07 | Mt Aspiring Geochemistry Consultants Pty Ltd | Porous particulate material for fluid treatment, cementitious composition and method of manufacture thereof |
JP2016514077A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2016-05-19 | フルオシュミ ゲーエムベーハー フランクフルト | Modified carbonized red mud |
CN111205035A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 山东大学 | Backfill prepared from red mud and wastewater as well as preparation method and application thereof |
EP3708553A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2020-09-16 | Purgo Group Limited | Method of treatment of bauxite residue to produce a solid product. |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102675930A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-09-19 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing double-90 white filler from bauxite tailing |
CN104230243B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2018-02-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of Baking-free and steaming-free tailing brick and preparation method thereof |
KR101812791B1 (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-12-27 | 우석대학교 산학협력단 | Red mud liquid slurry and manufacturing method thereof |
KR101996946B1 (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-07-05 | 조은산업 주식회사 | Method for collection of valid metal in slag |
CN110240445A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-17 | 东南大学 | A kind of non-sintered tailing-bricks and preparation method thereof |
TWI686519B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-03-01 | 洪崑喨 | Processing method of environmentally friendly stone fiber paper for tailing recycling |
CN110482920B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-08-10 | 昆明川金诺化工股份有限公司 | Method for purifying flotation phosphorus tailings and preparing concrete building blocks |
CN112028591B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-06-24 | 广东同创科鑫环保有限公司 | Construction method of vertical roadbed made of red mud-based cast-in-place lightweight soil |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1288497B (en) * | 1966-01-07 | 1969-01-30 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Bituminous building and insulating compounds |
US3985567A (en) * | 1974-09-18 | 1976-10-12 | University Of Guyana | Method of treating bauxite waste red mud with acid and making construction bricks from the treated material |
JPS54130628A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-11 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Preparation of red pigment |
US4353749A (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-10-12 | Ray Louis F | Process of producing a useful soil cement product from industrial chemical waste |
GB2147286B (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1986-11-05 | Unisearch Ltd | Building material |
US4810682A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1989-03-07 | Comalco Aluminum Limited | Production of useful materials including synthetic nepheline from Bayer red mud |
US5554352A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1996-09-10 | Construction Material Resources | Processed silica as a natural pozzolan for use as a cementitious component in concrete and concrete products |
US5931772A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1999-08-03 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. | Use of spent bauxite as an absorbent or solidification agent |
-
2002
- 2002-04-23 EP EP20020769101 patent/EP1392615B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-23 WO PCT/US2002/012490 patent/WO2002089940A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-04-23 ES ES02769101T patent/ES2401134T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-23 CA CA 2445052 patent/CA2445052C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-23 JP JP2002587067A patent/JP2004530544A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-23 RO ROA200300895A patent/RO122276B1/en unknown
- 2002-04-23 HU HU0401749A patent/HU226924B1/en unknown
- 2002-04-23 CN CNB028092201A patent/CN100467415C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-23 BR BR0209451A patent/BR0209451A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-23 RU RU2003134947A patent/RU2311375C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None |
See also references of EP1392615A4 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005061408A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-07 | Mt Aspiring Geochemistry Consultants Pty Ltd | Porous particulate material for fluid treatment, cementitious composition and method of manufacture thereof |
JP2007516922A (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | マウント・アスパイアリング・ジオケミストリー・コンサルタンツ・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | Porous granular material for fluid treatment, cementitious composition and method for producing them |
JP2016514077A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2016-05-19 | フルオシュミ ゲーエムベーハー フランクフルト | Modified carbonized red mud |
EP3708553A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2020-09-16 | Purgo Group Limited | Method of treatment of bauxite residue to produce a solid product. |
CN111205035A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 山东大学 | Backfill prepared from red mud and wastewater as well as preparation method and application thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1392615A4 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
CA2445052A1 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
HUP0401749A2 (en) | 2005-02-28 |
ES2401134T3 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
JP2004530544A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
EP1392615A2 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
CN100467415C (en) | 2009-03-11 |
RO122276B1 (en) | 2009-03-30 |
HU226924B1 (en) | 2010-03-01 |
CA2445052C (en) | 2012-04-10 |
BR0209451A (en) | 2004-04-20 |
RU2311375C2 (en) | 2007-11-27 |
RU2003134947A (en) | 2005-05-10 |
WO2002089940A3 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
CN1612848A (en) | 2005-05-04 |
EP1392615B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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