WO2002066782A1 - Appareil de transmission de donnees et de courant dans un puits de forage - Google Patents

Appareil de transmission de donnees et de courant dans un puits de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002066782A1
WO2002066782A1 PCT/GB2002/000656 GB0200656W WO02066782A1 WO 2002066782 A1 WO2002066782 A1 WO 2002066782A1 GB 0200656 W GB0200656 W GB 0200656W WO 02066782 A1 WO02066782 A1 WO 02066782A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical
conduit section
section
conduit
conducting material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2002/000656
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Mcclure
Original Assignee
Target Well Control Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Target Well Control Limited filed Critical Target Well Control Limited
Publication of WO2002066782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002066782A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/003—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings with electrically conducting or insulating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/028—Electrical or electro-magnetic connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/125—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using earth as an electrical conductor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for the transmission of data and power in a wellbore.
  • apparatus which provides power or data transmission through sealable or otherwise blocked pipes or conduits.
  • apparatus for transmitting an electrical signal or power in a borehole, the apparatus comprising, a conduit section comprising a conducting material having an electrically insulated coating and first electrical connectors and being connected to the conducting material so as to provide a first electrical conduction pathway through the conducting material of the conduit section and second electrical connectors being connectable to a second electrical conduction pathway located outwith the conduit section, so as to form an electrical circuit.
  • the conduit section contains a sealable portion and at least one of each of the first and second connectors is situated on each side of the sealable portion of the conduit section.
  • the apparatus further comprises coupling means to connect the circuit to an electrical load and/or a power source located at one other end of the conduit section.
  • the coupling means are electrical coupling means .
  • the coupling means are inductive coupling means.
  • the second conduction pathway is provided by an electric wire connected between the second electrical conductors .
  • the electrical insulation comprises a ceramic coating which is bonded to the surface of the conducting material.
  • the conduit section is connectable to another conduit by means of threaded sections located at at least one end of the conduit section.
  • the conduit section is a straight section having a first end and a second end.
  • the conduit section has a Y-shaped configuration and has a first end a second end and a third end.
  • the electrical circuit transmits power from a source located on a first side of the conduit section with respect to the sealable section to a load located on a second side of the conduit section with respect to the sealable section.
  • the electrical circuit transmits data from a source located on a first side of the conduit section with respect to the sealable section to a load located on a second side of the conduit section with respect to the sealable section.
  • current modulation or power modulation is used to transmit data.
  • a carrier signal and frequency modulation, and/or amplitude modulation and/or phase modulation are used to transmit data.
  • a power source having electricity generation means is provided adjacent to the conduit section.
  • the electricity generation means is provided by a turbine.
  • the electricity generation means is provided by a piezoelectric device.
  • the electricity generation means is provided by a magnetostrictive device.
  • the electrically insulated coating is made from anodised aluminium.
  • the electrically insulated coating is applied to the conducting material using physical vapour deposition.
  • Fig. 1 shows a conduit section in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of a conduit section in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a conduit section in accordance with the present invention fitted into a pipe casing string section
  • Fig.4 shows a conduit section in accordance with the present invention having three branch limbs
  • Fig.5 shows a. conduit section in accordance with the present invention having the second electrical conduction pathway provided by a conducting material or item;
  • Fig. 6 shows a conduit section in accordance with the present invent ion- ⁇ Figs. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a conduit section, hereinafter referred to as a pipe section in accordance with the present invention.
  • the pipe section 1 has a top thread 3 and a bottom thread 5 used to connect the pipe section 1 in place in a casing string 17 (Fig.3) or other conduit having co- operating threads. It will be appreciated that other suitable means of connecting the pipe section 1 in place in the casing string 17 or other conduit may be used.
  • the pipe 15 is made from steel in this example, and is covered on all external and internal surfaces by an electrically insulating material consisting of an Aluminium Oxide ceramic.
  • the ceramic is attached to the steel pipe 15 by blasting the surfaces of the pipe with the ceramic. The blasting process causes the ceramic to bond with the steel pipe surfaces, covering the outer surface 11 and inner surface 13.
  • the insulating coating may be attached to the ' conducting material by anodisation of aluminium or other metals, electrodeposition, chemical deposition, physical vapour deposition, atomic bonding, organic bonding or by physically coating the conductor.
  • Electrical connectors 7,9 are fitted to the outside of the pipe, at or near the top 8 and the bottom 10 thereof. The connectors provide an electrical connection through the outside surface coating of the insulating material 11 the steel 15 of the pipe. In other embodiments of the present invention, the connectors 7, 9 may be located on an internal face of the pipe section 1.
  • the electrical connector 7 contains a number of electrical contact points.
  • a first contact connects the steel pipe 15 and the electrical device 19, which is located at a position above the pipe section 1 towards the up hole end.
  • a second contact 33 provides an electrical contact to the formation 21 located around the pipe section 1.
  • the second contact is connected to the electrical device 19 and provides an electrical contact to the formation at the surface of the casing 17.
  • the electrical connector 9 has a first contact through the surface coating of the insulating material 11 to the steel pipe 15 and a connection point for apparatus and/or power supplies located at positions below the bottom connector 9.
  • a second contact 35 provides an electrical contact to the ' formation 21 located around the pipe section 1.
  • the second contact is connected to the sensor 27 and provides an electrical contact to the formation at the surface of the casing 17.
  • the connection between the second contact on connector 7 and the corresponding contact on connector 9 forms the return path by which the electrical circuit is completed.
  • the formation 21 is generally porous and contains a fluid which conducts electricity.
  • the impedance of the formation is dependent upon the composition of the fluid, the higher the water content, the lower the impedance .
  • the resistance of the formation is approximated by the following equation.
  • the resistance of the formation 21 is in the order of ohms. Therefore, the formation can form the return pathway for the circuit .
  • the conducting material on the exterior of the insulating section can be used on the return path.
  • the present invention is fitted between two sections of a pipe casing string 17 as shown in Fig.3 by screwing the top thread 3 and the bottom thread 5 (Fig.l) into corresponding threads on the inside of the casing string 17.
  • Electrical device 19 is connected to the top connector, to provide power and/or to collect data from sensors 27 located below the bottom connector 9.
  • the power supply located in the casing string 17 can use a turbine generator powered from fluid flow or a battery pack that can be retrievable and replaceable from the surface .
  • power can be delivered downhole through a wireline either on the outside or within the casing string 17.
  • a downhole permanent connection can be made or alternatively a replaceable downhole wet connection can be used to connect power and data links to the downhole assembly. These may be retrieved and replaced from the surface .
  • the present invention allows the transmission of electric current across a pipe section 1 which is blocked because of the presence of a device, a valve, exit or orifice that requires to be opened and closed depending on the conditions.
  • the present invention removes the need for transmitting data through the pipe section 1 itself by creating a conduction path from the steel pipe 15 and the conductive formation 21.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the pipe section has three lower limbs 23a, 23b and 23c.
  • the lower limbs 23a, 23b, 23c and the upper limb 25 comprise a steel pipe 15 which is electrically insulated from its surroundings by a ceramic coating.
  • Each of the limbs 23a, 23b and 23c have connectors 9a, 9b and 9c attached thereto.
  • the present invention allows the completion of an electrical circuit across a pipe blockage, sealable joint, valve, exit or orifice to electrical devices 27 located below and connected to the bottom connectors 9a, 9b and 9c.
  • Complete circuits exist between: device/power supply 19, connector 7, connector 9a, device 27a and connectors 33 and 35a ; device/power supply 19, connector 7, connector 9b, device 27b and connectors 33 and 35b; and device/power supply 19, connector 7, connector 9c, device 27c and connectors 33 and 35c.
  • the electrical devices 27a, 27b and 27c can be multiphase sensors, communication systems, multilateral and intelligent completion systems. Such systems require data to be transmitted across the circuit up the casing string to a surface vessel for analysis. This data is communicated to a master node, located in electrical device 19 from sensors 27a, 27b or 27c on a polled basis under control of the master to the respective slaves.
  • the slave nodes ,27a, 27b and 27c (slave nodes) are constructed intelligently to have individual and unique node addresses.
  • the master 19 broadcasts to all nodes requesting data followed by a node address. The nodes are then polled in a sequence and respond to the message broadcast to them.
  • Data can be modulated onto and from the master and slave using a number of alternate techniques. Firstly, the current can be modulated. Alternatively, higher frequency AC signals can be transformer coupled onto and off the data and power link. These signals can be amplitude modulated; frequency modulated or phase modulated depending upon the desired noise immunity, power and bandwidth constraints. Alternatively, combinations of the above modulation system can be used to enable much improved data rates and noise immunity. Typically, a Digital Synthesis integrated circuit can be used to establish and perform the modulation requirements in such a system and if necessary, provide signals to translate the carrier to baseband signal levels.
  • FIG.5 A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig.5. Identical reference numerals to those of Fig. 3 are used where identical features are described.
  • the return path of the circuit is provided by a conducting material or item 29 located outwith the pipe section 1 and which is connected from the a contact in the connector 7 to a contact in the connector .
  • the conducting material or item 29 is coated with an insulator (not shown) .
  • the conducting material or item 29 can be fitted to the outside surface of the pipe section 1-
  • FIG. 6 shows an insulated pipe section 1 containing a first probe 33 and a second probe 35 which extend through an upper insulated joint 37 and through a Parker Assembly 43.
  • An instrument 45 located below the lower seal is connected to the first probe 33 by the transmission of an electrical signal through the insulated joint, using the surrounding rock formation 21 as a return path for the electrical signal in the manner described in the earlier embodiments of the invention.
  • a first inductive coupler 47 is used to transmit the signal from the first probe 33 to the electrical circuit formed by the pipe section 1 and rock formation 21.
  • the instrument 45 is coupled to the pipe section 1 and return path through the rock formation by means of a second inductive coupler 49. Inductive couplers 47 and 49 are used in order to keep electrical noise and impedance to a minimum.
  • Fig. 6 also shows an impeller/turbine 51 located on the first probe above the upper insulated joint 37. This provides power to the circuit and to the instruments located above and below the pipe section 1.
  • the kinetic energy of the fluid flowing up through a cavity in the second probe 35 is converted into electrical energy by means of the impeller/turbine 51. This energy may be used directly to power instrument 45 and the other electrically powered components or it may be used to charge re-chargeable power cells 53 contained in the second probe 35 and connected to the circuit formed by the pipe section 1 and the rock formation.
  • electrical power may be generated by exploiting the presence of movement and vibrations in the probes and pipe section caused by the flow of fluid and by other sub-sea conditions.
  • Piezoelectric devices can be used to concert the energy of vibration into electrical energy. This can be used as a direct power source or can be used to re-charge power cells, which, in turn can be used to power the circuit.
  • a magnetostrictive device can be used to convert the kinetic energy into electricity.
  • the present invention can also be used as a series of pipe sections located along the length of a casing string or the like, where a series of blockages are present.
  • the present invention could be used at oil well perforation points where a number of arms branch off the perforation. In such cases, the present invention will , allow the conditions beyond the sealable sections of the arms to be monitored when sealed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

L"invention porte sur un appareil permettant de transmettre un signal électrique dans puits de forage lorsque le conduit (1) du puits est bouché, fermé, ou obstrué d"une manière ou d"une autre. Ledit appareil comporte une section (1) du conduit faite d"un matériau conducteur (15) et munie d"une gaine isolante (11, 13) et de connecteurs électriques (7, 9) reliés au matériau conducteur (15), de manière à réaliser dans ladite section (1) un premier circuit conducteur. Par ailleurs, on prévoit deux autres connecteurs électriques (33,35) reliés à un deuxième conducteur extérieur au conduit et formant un deuxième circuit conducteur.
PCT/GB2002/000656 2001-02-16 2002-02-13 Appareil de transmission de donnees et de courant dans un puits de forage WO2002066782A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0103794.4 2001-02-16
GBGB0103794.4A GB0103794D0 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-02-16 Apparatus for transmission of data and power in a wellbore

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002066782A1 true WO2002066782A1 (fr) 2002-08-29

Family

ID=9908849

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2002/000656 WO2002066782A1 (fr) 2001-02-16 2002-02-13 Appareil de transmission de donnees et de courant dans un puits de forage

Country Status (2)

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GB (1) GB0103794D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002066782A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2917704A (en) * 1954-05-24 1959-12-15 Jan J Arps Earth formation logging system
EP0964134A2 (fr) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Transmission de puissance et de signal au moyen d'un conduit isolé pour des ins-tallations permanentes de fond de puits
GB2352376A (en) * 1999-04-27 2001-01-24 Well Intelligence Technologies Telemetry system in which data signals are modulated on power signals

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2917704A (en) * 1954-05-24 1959-12-15 Jan J Arps Earth formation logging system
EP0964134A2 (fr) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Transmission de puissance et de signal au moyen d'un conduit isolé pour des ins-tallations permanentes de fond de puits
GB2352376A (en) * 1999-04-27 2001-01-24 Well Intelligence Technologies Telemetry system in which data signals are modulated on power signals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0103794D0 (en) 2001-04-04

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