WO2002046654A1 - Pipe or vessel with liner annulus venting construction - Google Patents

Pipe or vessel with liner annulus venting construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002046654A1
WO2002046654A1 PCT/GB2001/005372 GB0105372W WO0246654A1 WO 2002046654 A1 WO2002046654 A1 WO 2002046654A1 GB 0105372 W GB0105372 W GB 0105372W WO 0246654 A1 WO0246654 A1 WO 0246654A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
porous substrate
pressure
pressure vessel
vessel according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2001/005372
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Keith Dixon-Roche
Original Assignee
Dixon Roche Keith
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dixon Roche Keith filed Critical Dixon Roche Keith
Priority to AU2002222126A priority Critical patent/AU2002222126A1/en
Publication of WO2002046654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002046654A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
    • F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/10—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for protection against corrosion, e.g. due to gaseous acid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/14—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of aluminium; constructed of non-magnetic steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0656—Metals in form of filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
    • F17C2203/0685—Special properties of materials for vessel walls flexible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/221—Welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/037—Handling leaked fluid

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pipes for transporting fluids, and also to pressure vessels and other fluid-containing enclosures, all of which are referred to herein for convenience as “pipes” .
  • the lining may for example be of fluoropolymer .
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a pipe construction in which the foregoing problem is obviated or mitigated.
  • the present invention provides a pipe or pressure vessel comprising a metal pressure containment having a plastic liner bonded within it; in which a porous substrate is interposed between the pressure containment and the plastic liner, and one or more bleed holed are provided through the pressure containment to vent gas from the porous substrate to the environment .
  • the invention provides a method of making a pipe or pressure vessel comprising: providing a metal pressure containment, providing a porous substrate on an internal face of the pressure containment, arranging a layer of a thermoplastic material on said porous substrate, and applying heat and pressure to the interior of the pi e or pressure vessel thereby causing the thermoplastic layer to partially extrude into the adjacent part of the porous substrate to form a plastic liner bonded to the porous substrate.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of one form of pipe embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view showing one form of end portion of the pipe
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional side view illustrating a method of making a modified form of pipe
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views, to an enlarged scale, of parts of the pipe of Fig. 3.
  • a pipe comprises a metal tube 10 which will typically be of steel of a grade suited to the application.
  • the tube 10 is lined with a plastic liner 12 which is secured in place by a bonding layer 14.
  • the liner 12 will typically be of fuoropolymer, but may be of polyethylene or other plastic material according to the fluid to be transported or contained.
  • a porous substrate 16 is interposed between the bonding layer 14 and the tube 10.
  • the porous substrate 16 may be of sintered metal or ceramic and may be formed for example by applying heat and pressure to metal or ceramic particles in situ.
  • the particles may be in the form of powder; alternatively metal balls may be used, such as steel balls 0.5 mm in diameter.
  • a further alternative is the use of metal mesh or metal wire.
  • Bleed holes 18 are provided through the tube 10 at intervals.
  • the exterior of the tube 10 may be bare, except for conventional protective finishes, or may be protected by a porous cover 20, suitably of porous rubber.
  • Fig. 2 shows a portion of pipe where the plastic liner 12 terminates, for example to provide an unlined portion suitable for welding.
  • the porous substrate 16 is terminated short of the pipe end 22.
  • the liner 12 and bonding layer extend to a position intermediate the porous substrate 16 and the pipe end 22, and in this region the liner 12 is formed with an angled face 24.
  • the angled face 24 is received in a corresponding annular recess in the tube 10, and pressure activation holes 26 are provided to communicate internal pipe pressure to the angled faces 24, whereby the ends of the liner 12 effectively form active seals preventing internal pipe pressure from reaching the porous substrate 16.
  • Figs. 3 to 5 illustrate one method of producing a pipe in accordance with the invention, and also illustrates certain modifications to the foregoing embodiment .
  • the liner 12 is bonded to the porous substrate 14 by the liner 12 being extruded into the porous substrate 1 .
  • the porous substrate 14 in this example comprises a first layer 14a 1 mm thick and formed of very porous sintered metal to allow the liner material to fully penetrate, a second layer 14b 1 mm thick of medium porosity metal to allow the liner material to partially penetrate, and a third layer 14 c, also 1 mm thick, into which the liner material does not significantly penetrate, to allow passage of gas. This is shown in more detail in Fig. 4.
  • this construction may be achieved by inserting a sleeve of the liner material and then ' positioning a mandrel 30 having end seals 32 engaging the pipe and a gas inlet 33 and outlet 34. Hot gas is supplied to the mandrel 30 at a temperature and pressure sufficient to extrude the liner material into the porous substrate in the manner described above.
  • the liner material will be a fluoropolymer, and the applied temperature and pressure will be about 300°C and 50 bar.
  • the right hand end of the pipe as seen in Fig. 3 has a solid end portion 36 to provide a seat for the end seal 32. After the pipe is manufactured, the end portion may be cut off by machining at the line 38.
  • the left hand end as seen in Fig. 3 is shown in more detail in Fig. 5.
  • the end of the liner 14 is machined to form a chamfer 40.
  • a metal sleeve 42 is engaged with the end of the tube 10 by screw threading.
  • the sleeve 42 has a tapered portion 44 forming a matching chamfer, and provided with pressure activation holes one of which is seen at 46.
  • a self activating seal similar to that described above is formed.
  • a gas-tight seal is formed between the tube 10 and the sleeve 42 is ensured by welding the end of the thread at 48.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A pipe has a steel tube (10) as pressure containment, and a plastic liner (12). A porous substrate (16) is interposed between the tube (10) and the liner (12). Gas permeating through the liner (12) can pass through the porous substrate (16) to vent via bleed holes (18). The exterior of the tube (10) may be protected by a porous covering (20).

Description

PIPE OR VESSEL WITH LINER ANNULUS VENTING CONSTRUCTION
This invention relates to pipes for transporting fluids, and also to pressure vessels and other fluid-containing enclosures, all of which are referred to herein for convenience as "pipes" .
In the field of hydrocarbons and petrochemicals, it is common to use steel pipes which are lined with a plastics material to prevent chemical degradation of the pipe by the product . The lining may for example be of fluoropolymer .
Such linings give excellent protection in normal use. However, problems can arise when the product within the pipe is, or contains, a gas. The gas permeates slowly through the lining and a significant gas pressure can build up at the lining/steel interface. In normal use this causes no harm, but if the pipe is suddenly depressurised the gas pressure at the interface can cause bursting and splitting of the lining. One object of the present invention is to provide a pipe construction in which the foregoing problem is obviated or mitigated.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a pipe or pressure vessel comprising a metal pressure containment having a plastic liner bonded within it; in which a porous substrate is interposed between the pressure containment and the plastic liner, and one or more bleed holed are provided through the pressure containment to vent gas from the porous substrate to the environment .
From another aspect, the invention provides a method of making a pipe or pressure vessel comprising: providing a metal pressure containment, providing a porous substrate on an internal face of the pressure containment, arranging a layer of a thermoplastic material on said porous substrate, and applying heat and pressure to the interior of the pi e or pressure vessel thereby causing the thermoplastic layer to partially extrude into the adjacent part of the porous substrate to form a plastic liner bonded to the porous substrate.
Preferred features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims. Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of one form of pipe embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing one form of end portion of the pipe; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional side view illustrating a method of making a modified form of pipe; and Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views, to an enlarged scale, of parts of the pipe of Fig. 3.
Referring to Fig. 1, a pipe comprises a metal tube 10 which will typically be of steel of a grade suited to the application. The tube 10 is lined with a plastic liner 12 which is secured in place by a bonding layer 14. The liner 12 will typically be of fuoropolymer, but may be of polyethylene or other plastic material according to the fluid to be transported or contained.
A porous substrate 16 is interposed between the bonding layer 14 and the tube 10. The porous substrate 16 may be of sintered metal or ceramic and may be formed for example by applying heat and pressure to metal or ceramic particles in situ. The particles may be in the form of powder; alternatively metal balls may be used, such as steel balls 0.5 mm in diameter. A further alternative is the use of metal mesh or metal wire.
Bleed holes 18 are provided through the tube 10 at intervals.
The exterior of the tube 10 may be bare, except for conventional protective finishes, or may be protected by a porous cover 20, suitably of porous rubber.
In use, when gas is present under pressure within the pipe a proportion of the gas permeates slowly through the plastic liner 12 and bonding layer 14. This gas can move freely within the porous substrate 16, from which it can pass through the bleed holes 18 into the environment. Where a porous cover 20 is used, the gas permeates through this quickly relative to the rate of permeation through the plastic liner 12.
Fig. 2 shows a portion of pipe where the plastic liner 12 terminates, for example to provide an unlined portion suitable for welding. The porous substrate 16 is terminated short of the pipe end 22. The liner 12 and bonding layer extend to a position intermediate the porous substrate 16 and the pipe end 22, and in this region the liner 12 is formed with an angled face 24. The angled face 24 is received in a corresponding annular recess in the tube 10, and pressure activation holes 26 are provided to communicate internal pipe pressure to the angled faces 24, whereby the ends of the liner 12 effectively form active seals preventing internal pipe pressure from reaching the porous substrate 16. Figs. 3 to 5 illustrate one method of producing a pipe in accordance with the invention, and also illustrates certain modifications to the foregoing embodiment .
In the arrangement of Figs. 3 to 5 there is no separate bonding layer. Instead, the liner 12 is bonded to the porous substrate 14 by the liner 12 being extruded into the porous substrate 1 . To assist in this, the porous substrate 14 in this example comprises a first layer 14a 1 mm thick and formed of very porous sintered metal to allow the liner material to fully penetrate, a second layer 14b 1 mm thick of medium porosity metal to allow the liner material to partially penetrate, and a third layer 14 c, also 1 mm thick, into which the liner material does not significantly penetrate, to allow passage of gas. This is shown in more detail in Fig. 4.
As seen in Fig. 3, this construction may be achieved by inserting a sleeve of the liner material and then ' positioning a mandrel 30 having end seals 32 engaging the pipe and a gas inlet 33 and outlet 34. Hot gas is supplied to the mandrel 30 at a temperature and pressure sufficient to extrude the liner material into the porous substrate in the manner described above. Typically, the liner material will be a fluoropolymer, and the applied temperature and pressure will be about 300°C and 50 bar.
The right hand end of the pipe as seen in Fig. 3 has a solid end portion 36 to provide a seat for the end seal 32. After the pipe is manufactured, the end portion may be cut off by machining at the line 38.
The left hand end as seen in Fig. 3 is shown in more detail in Fig. 5. The end of the liner 14 is machined to form a chamfer 40. A metal sleeve 42 is engaged with the end of the tube 10 by screw threading. The sleeve 42 has a tapered portion 44 forming a matching chamfer, and provided with pressure activation holes one of which is seen at 46. Thus, a self activating seal similar to that described above is formed. A gas-tight seal is formed between the tube 10 and the sleeve 42 is ensured by welding the end of the thread at 48.

Claims

1. A pipe or pressure vessel comprising a metal pressure containment having a plastic liner bonded within it; in which a porous substrate is interposed between the pressure containment and the plastic liner, and one or more bleed holed are provided through the pressure containment to vent gas from the porous substrate to the environment .
2. A pipe or pressure vessel according to claim 1, in which the plastic liner is bonded to the porous substrate by a bonding layer.
3. A pipe or pressure vessel according to claim 1, in which the plastic liner is secured to the porous substrate by being extruded into the porous substrate.
4. A pipe or pressure vessel according to any preceding claim, in which the porous substrate is of porous ceramic.
5. A pipe or pressure vessel according to any of claims 1 to 3 , in which the porous substrate is of metal.
6. A pipe or pressure vessel according to any preceding claim, in which the exterior of the pressure containment is covered by a porous layer of protective material.
7. A pipe or pressure vessel according to any preceding claim, in which the pressure containment is a tube and the plastic liner is a cylindrical liner.
8. A pipe or pressure vessel according to claim 8, in which one end of the tube has a seal arrangement formed by a chamfered end of the plastic liner spaced inwardly from the end of the tube and a metal component overlying the interior of said chamfered end, the metal component being provided with at least one bore for communicating internal pressure to the inner face of said chamfered end.
9. A method of making a pipe or pressure vessel according to claim 3, the method comprising: providing a metal pressure containment, providing a porous substrate on an internal face of the pressure containment, arranging a layer of a thermoplastic material on said porous substrate, and applying heat and pressure to the interior of the pipe or pressure vessel thereby causing the thermoplastic layer to partially extrude into the adjacent part of the porous substrate to form a plastic liner bonded to the porous substrate.
PCT/GB2001/005372 2000-12-05 2001-12-05 Pipe or vessel with liner annulus venting construction WO2002046654A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002222126A AU2002222126A1 (en) 2000-12-05 2001-12-05 Pipe or vessel with liner annulus venting construction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0029569A GB0029569D0 (en) 2000-12-05 2000-12-05 Pipe construction
GB0029569.1 2000-12-05

Publications (1)

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GB (1) GB0029569D0 (en)
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010091062A1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-12 Lincoln Composites, Inc. Pressure vessel longitudinal vents
FR2956185A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-12 Air Liquide COMPOSITE TANK AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH A RESERVOIR AND A GAS RECEIVER AND / OR DISPENSER ORGAN
WO2013174450A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Statoil Petroleum As Pipe liner
US10088110B2 (en) 2016-05-17 2018-10-02 Hexagon Technology As Pressure vessel liner venting via nanotextured surface
RU2700810C1 (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-09-23 федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Прогресс" (ФГУП "ФНПЦ "Прогресс") Attachment assembly of flexible tight shell of pneumatic element
US10544901B2 (en) 2016-04-06 2020-01-28 Hexagon Technology As Pressure vessel vented boss with sintered metal plug
US10627048B2 (en) 2015-12-16 2020-04-21 Hexagon Technology, As Pressure vessel dome vents
WO2021119843A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Shawcor Ltd. Pressure equalization in composite pipes
WO2022008432A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Storage facility for a liquefied gas and/or a hazardous liquid
RU2800343C1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2023-07-20 Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз Liquefied gas and/or liquid storage unit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301277A (en) * 1963-10-18 1967-01-31 Phillips Petroleum Co Plastic-lined conduit
US3506039A (en) * 1967-11-09 1970-04-14 Dow Chemical Co Venting of lined pipe
US4298416A (en) * 1976-12-08 1981-11-03 Huron Chemicals Limited Protection of substrates against corrosion
WO2000008368A1 (en) * 1998-08-08 2000-02-17 Boreas Consultants Limited Venting of plastics lined pipelines

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301277A (en) * 1963-10-18 1967-01-31 Phillips Petroleum Co Plastic-lined conduit
US3506039A (en) * 1967-11-09 1970-04-14 Dow Chemical Co Venting of lined pipe
US4298416A (en) * 1976-12-08 1981-11-03 Huron Chemicals Limited Protection of substrates against corrosion
WO2000008368A1 (en) * 1998-08-08 2000-02-17 Boreas Consultants Limited Venting of plastics lined pipelines

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010091062A1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-12 Lincoln Composites, Inc. Pressure vessel longitudinal vents
RU2507436C2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2014-02-20 Хексагон Текнолоджи Ас Longitudinal ventilation ducts of high-pressure vessel
US9618160B2 (en) 2009-02-06 2017-04-11 Hexagon Technology As Pressure vessel longitudinal vents
FR2956185A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-12 Air Liquide COMPOSITE TANK AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH A RESERVOIR AND A GAS RECEIVER AND / OR DISPENSER ORGAN
WO2011098703A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-18 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Composite tank, and assembly including such a tank and member for receiving and/or dispensing gas
WO2013174450A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Statoil Petroleum As Pipe liner
US10627048B2 (en) 2015-12-16 2020-04-21 Hexagon Technology, As Pressure vessel dome vents
US10544901B2 (en) 2016-04-06 2020-01-28 Hexagon Technology As Pressure vessel vented boss with sintered metal plug
US10088110B2 (en) 2016-05-17 2018-10-02 Hexagon Technology As Pressure vessel liner venting via nanotextured surface
RU2700810C1 (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-09-23 федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Прогресс" (ФГУП "ФНПЦ "Прогресс") Attachment assembly of flexible tight shell of pneumatic element
WO2021119843A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Shawcor Ltd. Pressure equalization in composite pipes
WO2022008432A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-13 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Storage facility for a liquefied gas and/or a hazardous liquid
FR3112380A1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Storage facility for a liquefied gas and/or a dangerous liquid
RU2800343C1 (en) * 2020-07-08 2023-07-20 Газтранспорт Эт Технигаз Liquefied gas and/or liquid storage unit

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AU2002222126A1 (en) 2002-06-18

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