WO2002000091A2 - System and process for drying a shoe - Google Patents
System and process for drying a shoe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002000091A2 WO2002000091A2 PCT/US2001/020654 US0120654W WO0200091A2 WO 2002000091 A2 WO2002000091 A2 WO 2002000091A2 US 0120654 W US0120654 W US 0120654W WO 0200091 A2 WO0200091 A2 WO 0200091A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shoe
- drying
- duct
- air flow
- airflow
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L23/00—Cleaning footwear
- A47L23/20—Devices or implements for drying footwear, also with heating arrangements
- A47L23/205—Devices or implements for drying footwear, also with heating arrangements with heating arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to drying a shoe, and more particularly, to a system and process for drying a shoe, for example a leather shoe.
- One of the problems associated with drying a shoe that has undergone an immersion cleaning process is that the known processes are often slow and sometimes require extended drying times.
- one of the more common means of drying a shoe is through a device that forces hot air into the shoe's interior. This type of device can require two or more hours to wearably dry a shoe that has been immersed. Therefore, it would be desirable to reduce the drying time for shoes that have undergone an immersion cleaning process and have retained high levels of water.
- a similar problem associated with drying shoes is that most processes dry the interior of the shoe without regard to drying the exterior surface of the shoe.
- An undried exterior shoe surface can undesirably make the shoe more prone to re-soiling and consequently require additional wash treatments. This puts the shoe at risk for unnecessary wear and tear.
- a shoe drying system comprises a fan operable to produce an air flow, a heating element and at least one duct having at least one outlet, which is adapted to direct a portion of the air flow into a shoe. Additionally, the shoe drying system provides a drying effectiveness of at least 70 g/hr within the first hour of drying.
- a process for drying a shoe comprises the steps of providing a shoe and providing a drying system.
- the drying system comprises a fan operable to produce an airflow, a heating element and at least one duct having at least one outlet.
- the duct is inserted into the shoe and an airflow is directed to the interior of the shoe.
- the drying system has a drying effectiveness of at least 70 g/hr within the first hour of drying.
- One advantage of certain embodiments of the present invention is that they provide for accelerated drying of a shoe that has undergone an immersion cleaning process.
- the shoe drying systems and processes reduce the time to wearably dry shoes.
- the systems and processes also dry the exterior of a shoe and reduce negative effects associated with most known processes.
- Fig. 1 depicts a schematic view of a shoe drying system according to one embodiment of the present invention, inserted in a shoe;
- Figs. 2a and 2b depict a turbulence generator
- Fig. 3 depicts a schematic view of another embodiment of a shoe drying system according to the present invention, inserted in a cutaway-shoe;
- Fig. 4a depicts a partial view of yet another embodiment of a shoe drying system according to the invention.
- Fig. 4b depicts an exploded view of a partial view of Fig 4a
- Fig. 5 depicts a schematic view of a shoe drying system according to the present invention.
- Fig. 1 depicts a schematic of a shoe drying system 10 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
- the shoe drying system 10 includes a turbulence generator 20, a duct 30, a fan 70 operable to provide an air flow 40 and an outlet 60.
- the system is adapted for use in a shoe 50 as shown. Additionally, the air flow 40 that is generated by the fan 70 is laminar as it flows through the duct 30.
- a distal end 32 of the duct 30 rests in the shoe 50 so that the air outlet 60 faces the shoe toe.
- the turbulence generator 20 is arranged in duct 30 and increases the turbulence of the air flow 40 that is generated by the fan 70.
- the turbulent air exits the duct 30 it flows along the longitudinal length of the shoe 50 and destabilizes the boundary layer of air at the inner surface of the shoe 50. Once destabilized, the boundary layer of air is replaced with hot, dry air. This process accelerates drying time due to the increased heat and mass transfer that occurs on the interior surfaces 55 of the shoe 50.
- turbulence generator 20 is located a distance A within the distal end 32 of duct 30. More specifically, distance A is about 10% of the diameter of the duct 30.
- a proximal end 35 of the duct 30 is attached to the fan 70.
- the fan 70 is provided with a heating element 72 to generate a warm or hot laminar air flow 40.
- a conventional fan and heater combination employ a hair dryer.
- Such a fan and heater combination preferably produces a temperature not greater than about 55EC (about 130EF), more preferably about 43EC to about 54EC (about 110EF to about 130EF), most preferably about 49EC to about 52EC (about 120EF to about 125EF). Temperatures significantly above about 55EC have the potential to cause shrinkage or otherwise degrade the quality of a shoe, especially a leather shoe.
- the fan 70 is operable to provide an air flow 40 at a rate of about 500 feet per minute (fpm) to about 4000 fpm, or from about 150 meters per minute (mpm) and about 1220 mpm. Air flow 40 substantially above this range does not further accelerate the drying process and air flow 40 substantially below this range may not be not strong enough to be affected by the turbulence generator 20.
- a Rowenta Protect hair dryer generates an air flow of about 450 mpm to about 700 mpm.
- the turbulence generator 20 can be any suitable system that creates turbulence from laminar air flow 40, the following is a non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
- the turbulence generator 20 comprises a fixed-bladed device 80 as shown in Fig. 2a, including a planar portion 82 and outwardly extending flanges 83, 84, 85, and 86.
- the obtuse angles 90 formed by the intersection of planar portion 82 and flanges 83, 84, 85 and 86, respectively can be of varying angles from about 90E to about 180E.
- flanges 83, 84, 85 and 86 in combination with the obtuse angles 90 of the fixed-bladed device 80, create turbulence in the form of vortexes 110 as air flow 40 passes through the duct 30 and out the air outlet 60.
- Fig. 2b shows the vortexes 110 being created as the air flow 40 passes over the fixed-bladed device.
- Figure 3 depicts a view of a shoe drying system 10 incorporating a plurality of flexible tubes 120 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the shoe drying system 10 further includes a shield 130, a duct 30, and a fan 70 for providing an airflow 40.
- the flexible tubes 120 each have an air outlet 140 and extend from the duct 30.
- the shield 130 In the engaged position, as shown in figure 3, the shield 130 is resting in a shoe 50 and is encasing the duct 30 and each of the flexible tubes 120. The shield 130 is holding each of the flexible tubes 120 so the air outlets 140 are facing toward the shoe toe. As figure 3 also demonstrates, the shield is moveable along the longitudinal axis of the duct 30 by an operator.
- the phantom position of the shield 130 in Figure 3 demonstrates an embodiment of the shoe drying system 10 in its operable position.
- the flexible tubes 120 may comprise any configuration and arrangement that promotes drying air distribution.
- the flexible tubes 120 also absorb or promote the capillary attraction of retained water from the inner surface of the shoe 50.
- the plurality of flexible tubes 120 may be provided with a hydrophilic covering that promotes absorption or capillary attraction of water from the shoe.
- the flexible tubes 120 can cumulatively absorb from about 10 g to about 60 g of water from the shoe, and more preferably can absorb about 20 g to about 40 g of water from the shoe.
- An example of the hydrophilic covering is hereby incorporated herein by reference, as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,200,248 by Thompson, et al.
- each tube has a diameter of about 5 mm to about 15 mm and a length of about 2 cm to about 10 cm. Limiting the size and the number of the flexible tubes 120 may prevent heat build-up in duct 30, which may cause the temperature of the shoe to exceed the recommended 55EC temperature for leather shoes. Further, a minimum number of tubes 120 are recommended to aid the capillary attraction of water, which accelerates drying of the shoe 50.
- the flexible tubes 120 are free to move within the shoe interior.
- the flexible tubes 120 inflate when the fan 70 is operated.
- air outlets 140 are of sufficient diameter to allow the flexible tubes 120 to inflate and press against and come in contact with the interior surfaces 55 of the shoe 50.
- the flexible tubes 120 are made from a flexible tubing, such as TYGON® tubing, which has a natural spring-like action. As a result, once the shield 130 has moved along the longitudinal axis of the duct 30, the flexible tubes 120 press against and come in contact with the interior surfaces 55 of the shoe 50.
- the flexible tubes 120 press against and come in contact with the interior surfaces 55 of the shoe 50, to reduce the formation of air cavities 150 between layers of the shoe's lining 57 .
- the contact between the hydrophilic covering on the tubes 120 and the internal shoe surfaces facilitates the capillary attraction or absorption of retained water from the shoe's interior.
- the water distributed to the flexible tubes 120 due to the capillary attraction or absorption enlarges the evaporation area, which results in an accelerated drying process.
- the above embodiments are not mutually exclusive of one another.
- the present invention is not limited to drying one shoe at a time.
- duct 30 could be partitioned so the air flow 40 vents to multiple shoes.
- Fig. 5 depicts a shoe drying system 10 including a vented bag 160 for drying the external surfaces of a shoe 50.
- the duct 30 rests in shoe 50 and the shoe is encompassed by the vented bag 160.
- air flow 40 flows through duct 30 and exits into shoe 50, either tlirough the air outlet 60 associated with the turbulence generator 20 or through the air outlets 140 associated with the flexible tubes 120.
- the air flow 40 flows through the longitudinal length of shoe 50 and vents into the vented bag 160 through the shoe top opening.
- the vented bag 160 contains apertures 170, which allow airflow to escape vented bag 160 into an open environment. Consequently, the air flow 40 within the vented bag 160 circulates over the shoe 50 allowing the exterior surfaces 59 to dry.
- the dimensions of the vented bag 160 can vary, depending on the type and size of shoes 50 to be dried.
- a bag can be provided that is sufficient to contain a low-top leather running shoe, a high-top cross trainer or a even pair of shoes to be dried simultaneously.
- bags 160 should be sufficient in size to accommodate a leather shoe 50, without being so large as to prevent the circulating air from contacting the exterior surfaces 59 of the shoe 50.
- the bag should be sufficiently small so the air flow 40 circulating within the vented bag 160 contacts the outside surfaces 59 of the shoe 50.
- the vented bag 160 is preferably flexible, yet also preferably durable enough to withstand multiple uses.
- the vented bag 160 is made of a flexible plastic and has an uninflated volume of about 40 cm3 (about 45 cm length, about 23 cm width and about 0.40 mm thick), comprising four apertures 170 having a diameter of about 7mm or an area of about 38mm 2 "
- the vented bag 160, as well as the other components of the shoe drying system should be heat-resistant and capable of withstanding temperatures of at least about 55EC (about 130EF).
- apertures 170 on the vented bag 160 can be of multiple dimensions and locations, the apertures 170 should be of sufficient diameter to allow the vented bag 160 to inflate. In an embodiment of the present invention, the apertures 170 should be located adjacent the distal end 172 of the vented bag 160, or near the toe of the shoe 50. In this way, the airflow 40 is allowed to circulate over the entire exterior surface 59 of the shoe before exiting the vented bag 160. Finally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the air exiting the vented ' bag 160 through apertures 170 should be about 20% relative humidity.
- the shoe 50 rest in an upward position (i.e. toe elevated above heel) during the drying process. This allows gravity to pull water from the toe toward the heel, thereby expanding the evaporation area and accelerating the drying process. Maintaining the shoe 50 in an upright position allows the airflow 40 to flow along the longitudinal interior surfaces 55 of the shoe 50 before exiting to the vented bag 160 and then circulate over the external surface 59 of the shoe before exiting the bag 160 to the environment. This process helps ensure an accelerated and more uniform drying process with respect to the exterior shoe surface 59.
- a wide variety of bases could be used for the shoe drying system, as long as the air flow to each shoe is sufficient to wearably dry each shoe.
- a variety of bases could be adapted to hold a plurality of shoes or a single shoe based on a configuration the user desires.
- the bases could house a single fan 70 or multiple fans for drying purposes.
- a fan 70, attached to duct 30 could be partitioned into a shape like the letter "Y", with an air outlet 60 at each branch of the "Y" to accommodate a shoe 50.
- a plurality of end shapes for the air outlet 60 is also feasible and alternative shaped outlets 60 may better direct air flow or better adapt to a particular shoe size.
- a fan-like opening such as currently used in a Bunsen burner, would enable the air flow to cover a wide area of the inner toe.
- a further example is a rounded end to better accommodate the shape of the shoe.
- Example 1 Relative Humidity
- a shoe's dryness is determined by walking in the shoe for approximately 10 steps with a thin pair of socks as well as by placing a bare hand inside the shoe 50 to check for moisture content.
- Pair #1 New Balance M615SB, size 9EE (men's), running shoes, leather Pair #2: Reebok Classic Leather WT, size 9 (women's), casual shoe, leather Pair #3: New Balance MW571 WT, size 9.5 (men's), walking shoe, leather Pair #4: Nike Walker ASH plus, size 9 (men's), walking shoe, leather Pair #5: Easy Spirit Harbor, size 10.5 AA (women's), casual walking shoe, suede
- the immersion cleaning is preformed in a Kenmore washer with a warm city water wash, and cold rinse using liquid TIDE® with Bleach Alternative as the detergent.
- the drying system comprises a Remington hair dryer operated at low heat/high air setting and connected with PVC tubing and directed toward the toe of the respective shoe.
- Each shoe is placed in a vented bag about 46 cm in length, with four apertures at the distal end of the bag (near the toe), each being about 7 mm in diameter.
- a Cole Parmer Tri-Sense meter measures the relative humidity of the air escaping from the vented bag at various stages of the drying cycle. The results are set forth in Table 1 :
- shoe ID "IL" is two separate shoe tests, where in one test the shoe was considered dry when the relative humidity exiting the vented bag was about 11% and in the next experiment the shoe was considered dry even though the relative humidity exiting the bag was about 20%.
- a relative humidity in the mid-20% range correlates with a wet, non-wearable shoe denoted by a "0" in the middle column.
- Test shoes 2R and 3R having a relative humidity of about 18%, correlates with a slightly damp shoe denoted by a "0.50" in middle column.
- Test shoes 1R, 2L, 4R and 4L having an average relative humidity of 16.4%, correlates with a very slightly damp, wearable shoe denoting a "0.75" rating.
- the remainder of the samples demonstrate that an average humidity in the 16% range correlates with a dry, wearable shoe, denoted by a "1".
- Shoe 5R is a suede shoe, rather than the preferable leather embodiment. This shoe's high relative humidity, which somewhat skews the data, is attributable to the fact that a leather exterior should dry much faster than suede. Consequently, had this data point been excluded, the relative humidity percentage would have been in the 15% range.
- the relative humidity readings vary from about 11% to about 20%. Shoes are also considered wearable (i.e. 0.75), or borderline wearable (i.e. 0.50) when the relative humidity is about 17% to about 19%. Relative humidity readings above about 20% show that the shoes are still wet and need additional drying time. As a result, a relative humidity of air exiting the vented bag (160) of about 20% should denote a wearable leather shoe.
- Example 2 Wearably Dry
- An important aspect of the present invention is the determination of "wearably dry".
- less than about 50 g, more preferably less than about 40 g, most preferably less than about 30 g of water remain in the shoe after the drying process denotes a wearably dry shoe.
- An experiment is conducted wherein 19 panelists are assigned one of thirteen models of shoes ranging in dry weight from about 275 g to about 525 g, having an average weight of about 397 g. Each panelist's dry shoe weight in grams (g) is recorded and the shoe is treated to numerous wash/dry cycles and following each wash cycle, the shoe is dried until the panelist determines that the shoe is wearable. After the panelist determines the shoe is wearable, the shoe is weighed to determine the amount (g) of water left in the shoe. A total of 108 tests were performed.
- Table 2 shows a summary of the data collected:
- Column 1 of Table 2 shows the ranges of grams of water left in the shoe, when wearably dry, divided by the dried shoe weight.
- Column 2 shows the number of samples falling within the parameters of the respective ranges in Column 1.
- Column 3 shows the percentage of the samples falling within the parameters of the respective ranges, based on the total number of samples.
- Column 4 multiples the average dried shoe weight of 397.2 g by the values in Column 1 to determine the average grams of water left in the shoe. For example, of the 108 total samples, 2 were determined to be wearably dry when the grams of water left in the shoe divided by the dried shoe weight fell between 0.117 and 0.148 g water/ g shoe. This implies that in 2% of the samples, the shoe is wearably dry when it contains between about 46.5g and about 58.8 g water.
- the data shows that in 51 of the 108 observations, or that in about 47% of the samples the shoe is wearably dry when it contains from about 23.4 g to about 58.8 g of water. Conversely, if a shoe contains more than 59 g of water, the shoe is not considered wearably dry.
- an absolute basis i.e. less than 50 g, more preferably less than 40 g, most preferably less than 30 g of water remain in the shoe after the drying process
- a normalized basis i.e.
- Example 3 Model Shoe:
- a further refinement to the wearably dry test in Example 2 is based on a model shoe: the Adidas Superstar II (U.S. men's sizes 11 and 11.5, average dry weight 431.3 g and comprise a leather upper, a "textile" lining, and a rubber outer sole).
- the model shoe is first subjected to an immersion cleaning process to determine the average amount of water retained in the process.
- An immersion cleaning process using a Kenmore series 90 washing machine with City water and about a 30EC (90EF) wash followed by about a 20EC (70EF) rinse is employed.
- four shoes per load are washed on a heavy duty cycle using 30g of liquid TIDE® with Bleach alternative.
- the model shoe gains about 120g of water, but in some instances the model shoe gains as much as about 175g of water.
- the shoes are dried until a participant considers them wearably dry.
- about 47 g of water, or about 0.10 g water/g shoe can remain in the model shoe and still be considered wearably dry (this value falls within the absolute preferable range of less than 50 g of water remaining in the shoe, and falls within the preferable normalized range of 0.10 to 0.075 g water/g shoe).
- about 73g (120g - 47g) of water must be removed from the model shoe for the shoe to be considered wearably dry.
- dying effectiveness of the aforementioned shoe drying systems is determined by subtracting water left in the shoe after one-hour of drying at a temperature of about 55EC.
- the model shoe's weight is recorded both prior to and subsequent to an immersion cleaning process with the difference in values being the grams of water gained due to the immersion cleaning.
- the shoes are then dried using a system and process according to the invention or with a stand alone hair dryer and weighed at various intervals throughout the drying process.
- Table 4 shows the drying effectiveness associated with alternative embodiments of present invention and with a hair dryer on a stand alone basis.
- either embodiment of the present invention dries the model shoe to a wearably dry state within one hour from initiating the drying process.
- the grams of water remaining in the shoe at one hour were derived through interpolation.
- the shoe utilizing the flexible tubes has about 62g of water remaining in the shoe.
- the shoe has about 26g of water remaining in the shoe.
- interpolation suggests that the shoe has about 44g of water remaining.
- the embodiment comprising the turbulence generating device 20 has a drying effectiveness of about 80g/hr (about 127g - about 47g) and the embodiment comprising the flexible tubes 120 has drying effectiveness of about 77 g/hr (about 121g - about 44g).
- the third column of Table 4 shows that the drying effectiveness of the stand alone hair dryer has a drying effectiveness of about 69g/hr (about 121g - about 52g). Consequently, either embodiment of the present invention has a drying effectiveness greater than that of a stand alone hair dryer and either embodiment has a drying effectiveness of at least about 70g/hr.
- a system for drying a shoe said system characterized in that it comprises: a fan operable to produce an airflow; a heating element; a duct for directing the air flow into a shoe, said duct having at least one outlet therein; and a means for enhancing air flow along substantially the interior length of a shoe.
- said enhancing means comprises a turbulence generating device, a plurality of tubes extending from said duct, or both.
- a system for drying a shoe said system characterized in that it comprises:
- a fan operable to produce an air flow
- At least one duct adapted to direct at least a portion of the airflow into a shoe, said duct having at least one outlet therein;
- vented bag for receiving a shoe and the outlet of said duct, said vented bag having a proximal end for receiving said duct, a distal end opposite said proximal end, and a plurality of apertures formed adjacent said distal end of said bag.
- a system for drying a shoe according to any of the preceding claims further comprising a second duct for directing at least a portion of the air flow into a second shoe, said second duct having an outlet.
- a process for cleaning and drying a shoe said process characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- a drying system comprising a fan operable to produce an air flow, a heating element and a duct having an outlet;
Landscapes
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002504878A JP2004500946A (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2001-06-27 | Shoe drying system and method |
EP01950623A EP1294270A2 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2001-06-27 | System and process for drying a shoe |
AU2001271594A AU2001271594A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2001-06-27 | System and process for drying a shoe |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US21463400P | 2000-06-28 | 2000-06-28 | |
US60/214,634 | 2000-06-28 | ||
US69322400A | 2000-10-20 | 2000-10-20 | |
US09/693,224 | 2000-10-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002000091A2 true WO2002000091A2 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
WO2002000091A3 WO2002000091A3 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
WO2002000091A8 WO2002000091A8 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
Family
ID=26909205
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/020654 WO2002000091A2 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2001-06-27 | System and process for drying a shoe |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1294270A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004500946A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001271594A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002000091A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105942956A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 武汉英乐维特科技有限公司 | Shoe drying device capable of drying and exhausting omnidirectionally |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5729908A (en) * | 1993-03-15 | 1998-03-24 | Braden; Larry Dean | Boot drying apparatus |
FR2761874B1 (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1999-07-02 | Parolai Et Cie Ets | INDIVIDUAL DRYING AND DISINFECTING DEVICE FOR FOOTWEAR |
US5930913A (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-08-03 | Liao; Li-Wen | Portable shoe dehumidifier |
-
2001
- 2001-06-27 EP EP01950623A patent/EP1294270A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-27 AU AU2001271594A patent/AU2001271594A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-27 JP JP2002504878A patent/JP2004500946A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-27 WO PCT/US2001/020654 patent/WO2002000091A2/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105942956A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 武汉英乐维特科技有限公司 | Shoe drying device capable of drying and exhausting omnidirectionally |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002000091A8 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
EP1294270A2 (en) | 2003-03-26 |
AU2001271594A1 (en) | 2002-01-08 |
JP2004500946A (en) | 2004-01-15 |
WO2002000091A3 (en) | 2002-08-22 |
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