WO2001090424A1 - Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor - Google Patents
Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001090424A1 WO2001090424A1 PCT/BE2001/000088 BE0100088W WO0190424A1 WO 2001090424 A1 WO2001090424 A1 WO 2001090424A1 BE 0100088 W BE0100088 W BE 0100088W WO 0190424 A1 WO0190424 A1 WO 0190424A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- grid
- zone
- gas
- deposited
- gases
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002801 charged material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031098 ethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
- C21B13/0053—On a massing grate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of reducing iron ores, as well as an installation for its implementation.
- an iron sponge is a ferrous material obtained by a reduction operation, called direct, from iron oxide.
- iron oxide comes from minerals, where it is accompanied by various undesirable substances that form gangue.
- an interesting source of iron oxide is also constituted by the surface oxides collected at different stages of the steel manufacturing processes, such as mill straws and washing sludge. This category of oxides does not have any gangue, but it is frequently loaded with impurities such as residues of oils or greases.
- the iron sponge is currently attracting increasing interest, in particular with a view to its use in converters, in alternative processes for the production of cast iron and in electric steel furnaces.
- the metallic charge of electric steel furnaces has mainly consisted of scrap.
- the quality of these scrap tends to deteriorate, in particular because of their content of alloying elements which may be undesirable for the steels envisaged.
- the price of scrap varies sometimes considerably, depending not only on their quality but also on their availability, which can compromise the supply of steelworks in particular.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an iron sponge, which is based on the economically acceptable use of a gaseous carbon reducing agent. In addition, this process fits better within the framework of compliance with environmental standards through judicious use of the gaseous emissions generated.
- the very high productivity of the process of the present invention makes it possible to reduce the impact of the investments relating thereto in the calculation of the cost price of the iron sponge produced.
- a method of reducing iron ores with a view to manufacturing iron sponge, in which a gaseous carbon-reducing agent is used is characterized in that a charge comprising iron ore is deposited.
- iron on a grid in that said grid is moved in order to pass said load through at least 3 separate treatment zones, the first zone comprising an operation for constituting the load on the grid, the last comprising a load unloading operation comprising reduced iron ore outside the grid, the intermediate zone or zones comprising on the one hand operations for supplying gaseous fluids, called incoming gases, including a hot gaseous carbonaceous reducing agent and passing forced said gas flow through the charge located on the grid, and secondly gaseous fluid capture operations resulting from said aforementioned forced passage, called outgoing gases, and so as to bring said ore to a temperature between 850 ° C and 1300 ° C, preferably between 1050 ° C and 1150 ° C, and in that said charge is kept at this temperature until a metallization rate of
- the metallization rate is the ratio between the percentage of metal iron [Fe] and the percentage of total iron.
- grid should be considered as a support element for the iron ore load.
- said grid can on the one hand be traversed by a gas flow and, on the other hand, serve to transfer the charge through the various treatment zones.
- the charge deposited on the grid successively passes through at least one zone in which the temperature of the incoming gas is 450 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C, at least one zone in which the temperature of the incoming gas is 500 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C, at least one zone in which the temperature of the incoming gas is 1200 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C, and at least one zone in which the temperature of the incoming gas is 1000 ° C ⁇ 200 ° C.
- the charge deposited on the movable grid comprises iron ore, which is preferably hematite partially hydrated and adequately prepared to form said charge.
- the load deposited on the grid in the loading area comprises ore composed mainly by volume of iron ore calibrated between 5 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 10 mm.
- the iron ore can also be incorporated into the charge deposited on the movable grid in the form, for example, of pellets or granules.
- both the pellets and the granules are obtained by a pelletizing operation.
- the pellets have a relatively homogeneous volume structure while the granules have an element acting as a nucleus and serving as a bonding base for finer particles.
- the charge deposited on the grid in the loading area comprises iron ore pellets with a diameter between 5 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 10 mm.
- the charge deposited on the grid in the loading area comprises granules of iron ore of calibrated between 2 mm to 10 mm, preferably between 4 mm at 7 mm.
- a load is deposited on the grid consisting of a layer whose thickness is between 150 mm and 600 mm, preferably between 300 mm and 500 mm.
- a layer is deposited on the grid and the charge is deposited on said protective layer.
- the protective layer has a double role, on the one hand it prevents the passage of the charged materials through the grid and, on the other hand, it prevents the bonding of the materials constituting the charge in the event of partial melting of these. this.
- the protective layer has a thickness between 30 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 40 and 60 mm.
- the protective layer comprises at least one of the following elements, cooked pellets, calibrated ore pre-reduced or not or calibrated scrap, this alone or in combination with one or more of the above.
- the protective layer is formed with constituents whose particle size is between 5 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 15 mm.
- An advantageous procedure for producing the protective layer consists in using elements resulting from what is called “the upper particle size section” resulting from a grinding operation of at least a part of the iron ore to be reduced. These elements are "larger” and serve in the protective layer of stops to prevent the fall of the load elements through the movable grid.
- a carbonaceous substance preferably carbon or coke dust
- a carbonaceous substance is incorporated into the charge deposited on the mobile grid, in a proportion of between 1 kg and 40 kg of carbon present in said carbonaceous substance per tonne of iron ore loaded before reduction.
- This variant in the composition of the charge makes it possible to obtain satisfactory reduction conditions for said iron ore charge, that is to say with a metallization rate at unloading greater than 60%, even during use. of forced gas flows through said charge which have a low reducing potential, for example due to the presence of C02 and / or H20.
- the previous alternative for carrying out the charge is particularly advantageous when using oxygen-coal burners which generate reducing gases containing C02 at a rate of 2% to 20% by volume of gas from the burner.
- After loading the grid it plays a role of means of transport for successively passing the load deposited in areas whose conditions are controlled both in temperature and in composition of the incoming gases passing through the load.
- the iron ore heats up on contact with the incoming gases, i.e. those which are sucked through the layer forming the charge, and is successively reduced to magnetite, wustite and finally metallic iron.
- the filler it is necessary to bring said filler to temperatures between 850 ° C and 1300 ° C, preferably between 1050 ° C and 1150 ° vs.
- the flow of incoming gas forced through the load in at least one treatment zone is constituted at least partially by outgoing gas captured under the grid, preferably said gas captured has undergone at least one treatment such as washing, desulfurization, drying, dusting, reheating or decarbonation.
- washing / drying and / or decarbonation treatments carried out on the outgoing gas aim to restore the reducing potential of said gas before its recycling to a charge treatment zone on the grid.
- the captured gas is not heated before its recycling to a treatment zone where it is forced to pass through the charge, it is advantageous to mix it with gas from a gasification of coal in order to cool the latter to a temperature useful for passing through the load, that is to say of the order of 1200 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C or 1000 ° C ⁇ 200 ° C.
- the aforementioned operation of mixing the gas with gas from a gasification makes it possible to reduce, or even to eliminate the addition of water vapor which is generally used as a cooling agent.
- the flow of incoming gas forced through the charge in an area located directly after the loading area is constituted at least partially by fumes generated by the combustion of outgoing gas captured under the grid, preferably said captured outgoing gas is chosen from the outgoing captured gases whose reducing potential is the lowest, for example with low presence of CO, advantageously said captured gas has undergone at least washing or dusting .
- hot reducing gas is produced from coal in a gasifier and said reducing gas obtained is used to constitute, at least in part, the gaseous carbon-reducing agent which is forces the passage through the layer constituting the charge which is deposited on the movable grid, said gasifier being preferably supplied either with superoxygenated air, or with technical or pure oxygen.
- the main advantage of using a gasifier to generate the reducing gas is that one can produce a reduced iron or DRI of very high quality, because having a low content in both gangue and sulfur. This result is linked to the material and conceptual possibility of being able to eliminate directly at the level of the gasifier the ash and the sulfur of the coal used in said gasifier, which are no longer present in the DRI obtained on the movable grid.
- At least one load treatment zone on the movable grid there is produced in at least one load treatment zone on the movable grid, preferably these are zones in which the temperature of the incoming gas is greater than 800 ° C, a hot reducing gas by means of one or more “oxygen-carbon” burners, said burners using either oxygenated air or pure oxygen, or a mixture of the two, preferably supplied with pulverulent carbon, and said reducing gas obtained is used to constitute, at least in part, the gaseous carbon reducing agent, the passage of which is forced through the layer constituting the charge which is deposited on the movable grid.
- a hot reducing gas by means of one or more “oxygen-carbon” burners, said burners using either oxygenated air or pure oxygen, or a mixture of the two, preferably supplied with pulverulent carbon, and said reducing gas obtained is used to constitute, at least in part, the gaseous carbon reducing agent, the passage of which is forced through the layer constituting the charge which is deposited on the movable grid.
- water vapor is used to control the temperature of the hot reducing gas produced in a gasifier or by “oxygen-carbon” burners during the constitution of the flow.
- gas forced through the charge preferably the water vapor is generated by a steam boiler, the fuel of which consists, at least in part, of gases leaving the layer forming the charge and captured under the movable grate , preferably said captured outgoing gases come from one or more zones in which the outgoing gases are too poor in CO to be able to be used as reducing gases, for example in direct recycling, and too rich in C02 to be able to be decarbonated at lower costs, typically this is equivalent to 20% ⁇ % CO ⁇ 40% and 35 ⁇ % C02 ⁇ 55% on dry gas.
- the fact of capturing at least part of the gases leaving the layer deposited on the movable grid and of reusing it either by mixing it with the gaseous flow forced to pass through said layer, or as fuel for generating steam, either to generate hot fumes that can be used for preheating the load allows on the one hand to optimize the use of the reducing and calorific power of said gases and on the other hand to minimize the atmospheric emission of pollutants such as CO.
- the vacuum created below the grid and / or the speed of movement of the mobile grid is modulated so as to obtain a reduced ore having a rate in the unloading zone.
- metallization of between 60% and 100%, preferably between 85% and 95%.
- the reduced ore is commonly called DRI.
- the DRI obtained is discharged on the movable grid directly to a melting furnace.
- the preceding modality makes it possible to optimize the use of the sensible heat of the DRI in a non-negligible manner, because during its unloading said DRI is at a temperature between 800 ° C and 1200 ° C. Consequently, this direct transfer operation to a melting furnace has the effect of favorably influencing the energy balance of said melting furnace.
- the description which follows relates to a preferred method of implementing the method of the invention, in which the movable grid successively crosses 6 zones, namely a loading zone, four zones dedicated to the treatment of the load, with a view to proceed with the reduction of the iron ore, and an unloading zone, respectively called zones 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
- zones 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively called zones 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.
- the various physical states of the iron ore to be reduced have been schematized and identified by the usual chemical formulas. Thus along the grid path, the ore passes from Fe203 to Fe204, then FeO and finally the Fe form.
- the operation of the process is considered in the case of running in steady state, that is to say after a start-up phase during which the process is loaded and operated until a state of running in steady state is obtained.
- which all the movable grid carries a layer forming the charge both in the loading area and in the unloading area.
- a movable grid (G) successively passes through a loading area, four processing areas and an unloading area, preferably deposited continuously and in thickness constant, in the first so-called loading zone (Z1), on the movable grid (G) a layer comprising iron ore in order to constitute the load (C) to be reduced
- the grid (G) is moved, preferably continuously , so as to pass the load (C) through the movement of the movable grid (G) from the loading area (Z1) to the unloading area (Z6) passing successively through the treatment areas (Z2 ), (Z3), (Z4) and (Z5)
- the temperature of the gas flow forced to pass from top to bottom is regulated through the charge (C) deposited on the movable grid (G) in the zones (Z2) to (Z5) respectively at 450 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C for the zone (Z2), 500 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C for the zone (Z3), 1 200 ° C
- the load (C) is deposited on the movable grid (G) and undergoes after the loading phase a preheating without reduction in a zone, then the continuation of the heating is combined with a reduction operation in the 3 following zones, and this until obtaining an ore having a metallization rate of at least 60%, and this by recycling gases captured below the grid (G).
- a gaseous flow is forced through the load (C) disposed on the movable grid (G) in the zones (Z4) and (Z5) which comprises hot reducing gas formed from the gasification of carbon into CO and H2, preferably in pulverulent form, in the presence of oxygen and water vapor; at least part of the gas leaving under the grid (G) is captured in the zone (Z3), it is subjected to a washing treatment with possibly also drying and then a part is directed towards a steam generator in which the gas captured serves as fuel and another part is directed to a combustion chamber supplied with a large excess of air and in which fumes are generated at a temperature of 450 ° C ⁇ 150 ° C which, on the one hand, are introduced in the zone (Z2) and on the other hand are mixed with outgoing gases captured in the zone (Z2) to obtain a gas whose temperature is above the acid dew point, the gas obtained being dusted and then discharged to the 'atm
- the capture and recycling of gas leaving in zone (Z4) has two significant advantages, on the one hand said gas is used to dilute the reducing gas produced by gasification of coal and to control the temperature of the mixture obtained and, on the other On the other hand, it reduces the consumption of coal by increasing the quantity of reducing gas available per weight unit of coal.
- the single attached figure represents an installation for implementing the method of the present invention according to a preferred method.
- the installation for implementing the method according to the present invention comprises at least the following elements: a grid (G), preferably consisting of mobile carriages, provided at their bottom elements favoring the passage of a gas flow such as bars, provided with means for moving it in the direction of the arrow, means (Ch) for depositing a material on the grid (G), means for defining a atmosphere (A2), preferably a hood (H2), means for defining an atmosphere (A3), preferably a hood (H3), means for defining an atmosphere (A4), preferably a hood (H4), means for defining an atmosphere (A5), preferably a hood (H5), means (DC) for discharging the grid (G) and transferring the charge (C) to an outlet (S), - dust collectors (D1, D2 to treat a gaseous fluid and protect the fans, scrubbers (L1, L2) from gaseous fluids to dust and condense part of the vapor of water, possibly
- oxy-coal burners (B) are placed vertically in the roof of the hood (H4) and (H5) of the zones (Z4 ) and (Z5) and this along several lines parallel to each other and parallel to the direction of movement of the grid (G).
- This arrangement allows the ash from the combustion of coal to be deposited in grooves between which the ore forming the charge remains "clean" and has better gas permeability. This avoids a phenomenon of complete or partial clogging of the layer forming the charge on the grid by the ashes of the burnt charcoal, a phenomenon which is highly detrimental to the rate of heating and reduction of the charge (C).
- Zones (Z4) and (Z5) are equipped with hoods (H4) and (H5) which are fitted with oxy-carbon burners supplied with pulverulent coal, with oxygen and with steam in order to produce a gas with highly recycled gas. reducing and hot, that is to say at a temperature of 1200 ° C in (H4) and 1000 ° C in (H5), the flow of which is forced through the charge deposited on the grid, and this from high below.
- the hot reducing gas rich in CO and H2 gives rise, after passing through the charge placed on the grid, to an outgoing gas containing CO 2 and H 2 O originating from CO and H2, following the process of reduction of the iron ore.
- the outgoing gas captured in zone (Z4) under the grid is recycled in zones (Z4) and (Z5) after having undergone the washing treatments, condensation of water vapor, and finally decarbonation.
- Decarbonation is carried out by absorption in a solvent such as methyl-di-ethanol-amine and for this purpose the outgoing gas is compressed to a pressure of about 5 bar abs., Then expanded after treatment, for example in a turbine of same axis as the compressor, so as to minimize the energy consumption of the compression by recovering the mechanical power generated during expansion in the turbine.
- the outgoing gas captured below the grid in the zone (Z5) it is generally at a temperature between 500 ° C and 1000 ° C and, if necessary, it is advantageous to cool it, by example by injecting water, before dedusting in a multicyclone and then recycling it to the zone (Z3) where it plays a role in initiating the reduction of the layer of iron ore forming the charge by continuing heating of the latter started in zone (Z2).
- the outgoing gas captured under the grate in the zone (Z3) is first washed and dried, then used as fuel, partly in the steam generator and partly in the combustion chamber.
- the fumes produced in the combustion chamber (R) are at a temperature of around 600 ° C. They are partly directed towards the hood (H2) for the preheating of the load deposited on the grid and partly towards the collecting means (R2) where they are mixed with the relatively cold fumes ( ⁇ 100 ° C) coming out below of the grid so as to ensure that the resulting gaseous mixture is at a temperature higher than the acid dew point, for example 150 ° C., and since said mixture contains only O 2, CO 2, H 2 O and N 2, therefore in principle no toxic component, it can therefore be released to the atmosphere via a chimney without any special treatment except dusting.
- the implementation of the process of the invention is particularly favorable during the reduction of graded ores in a particle size range from ⁇ 8 mm to ⁇ 40 mm, reduced by moderate grinding in a particle size distribution centered on fraction 5 - 10 mm with a maximum size of 15 mm and the least possible of fines less than 5 mm.
- Ore is preferred partially iron ore based on partially hydrated hematite (combined water content of the order of 2% to 6%).
- Hematite is more apt to be treated than magnetite, because it is more reducible, and the above-mentioned combined water content has the effect, following its departure when the load is heated on the grid to 600 ° C., to give rise to a large specific surface and therefore favor a high reactivity.
- Too much combined water content however has the disadvantage of generating an excess of decrepitation of the ore grains, a harmful phenomenon as regards the permeability of the layer and therefore the productivity of the reduction process.
- the vacuum applied below the grid in order to aid the passage of the gaseous fluid through the layer is typically of the order of 500 to 2000 mm CE.
- the gas supply hoods in the different zones must work under a constant relative pressure and very slightly negative, of the order of -2 mm WC, in order to avoid any risk of leakage of CO or H2 in the working atmosphere.
- any entry of parasitic air into the hoods must be avoided in order not to burn the reducing gas present therein.
- the DRI produced on the movable grid is discharged into the zone (Z6) at a temperature of the order of 1000 ° C.
- this gas is difficult to recover and is even detrimental to the energy efficiency of the process if it has to be exported from it, and this harmful effect increases with the importance of the volumes of fatal gas to be treated; the possibility of using to apply the method of the invention an existing agglomeration installation. or pelletizing, both of which can be used for the process for producing DRI according to the invention, while requiring only relatively low installation adaptation costs.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020027014720A KR20020091264A (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and installation thereof |
BR0111363-1A BR0111363A (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction process and installation for its implementation |
AU2001259967A AU2001259967A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor |
JP2001586618A JP2003534453A (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and equipment for its implementation |
EP01933488A EP1287168A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor |
CA002407401A CA2407401A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2000/0340 | 2000-05-22 | ||
BE2000/0340A BE1013448A3 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2000-05-22 | Ore reduction process of iron and installation for the implementation thereof. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001090424A1 true WO2001090424A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
Family
ID=3896537
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BE2001/000088 WO2001090424A1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-05-17 | Iron ore reduction method and installation therefor |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030110891A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1287168A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003534453A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020091264A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001259967A1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE1013448A3 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0111363A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2407401A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001090424A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8287621B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2012-10-16 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Use of bimodal carbon distribution in compacts for producing metallic iron nodules |
JP5789883B2 (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2015-10-07 | Primetals Technologies Japan株式会社 | Partially reduced iron manufacturing method and partially reduced iron manufacturing apparatus |
EP2905345A1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-12 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Pneumatic ore charging |
KR101712829B1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-03-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | Burning furnace and method of manufacturing partially-reduced iron using the same |
CN113091453B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-03-04 | 中南大学 | Energy-carrying composite gas medium sintering cooperative emission reduction method |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR704106A (en) * | 1929-10-14 | 1931-05-13 | Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen | Method and device for the manufacture of metal sponges |
FR1239066A (en) * | 1958-10-29 | 1960-08-19 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process for the treatment of metal oxides, in particular iron oxide, finely granular |
US3264091A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1966-08-02 | Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co | Process for producing highly metallized pellets |
US3501288A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1970-03-17 | Erika Krainer | Method of prereducing sinters and pellets |
DE1962417B1 (en) * | 1969-12-12 | 1971-12-30 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process and device for pre-reduction of iron ores |
FR2181558A1 (en) * | 1972-04-28 | 1973-12-07 | Creusot Loire | Sponge iron prodn - by hydrogen redn of iron ore |
FR2197071A2 (en) * | 1972-08-24 | 1974-03-22 | Creusot Loire | Sponge iron prodn - by hydrogen redn of iron ore |
US4023963A (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1977-05-17 | Creusot-Loire Entreprises | Process for the direct reduction of minerals on a continuous grate |
DE3421878A1 (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-19 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Process and plant for the continuous production of pig iron |
-
2000
- 2000-05-22 BE BE2000/0340A patent/BE1013448A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-05-17 CA CA002407401A patent/CA2407401A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-17 JP JP2001586618A patent/JP2003534453A/en active Pending
- 2001-05-17 WO PCT/BE2001/000088 patent/WO2001090424A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-17 AU AU2001259967A patent/AU2001259967A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-17 EP EP01933488A patent/EP1287168A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-17 US US10/275,254 patent/US20030110891A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-17 BR BR0111363-1A patent/BR0111363A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-17 KR KR1020027014720A patent/KR20020091264A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR704106A (en) * | 1929-10-14 | 1931-05-13 | Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen | Method and device for the manufacture of metal sponges |
FR1239066A (en) * | 1958-10-29 | 1960-08-19 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process for the treatment of metal oxides, in particular iron oxide, finely granular |
US3264091A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1966-08-02 | Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co | Process for producing highly metallized pellets |
US3501288A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1970-03-17 | Erika Krainer | Method of prereducing sinters and pellets |
DE1962417B1 (en) * | 1969-12-12 | 1971-12-30 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process and device for pre-reduction of iron ores |
FR2181558A1 (en) * | 1972-04-28 | 1973-12-07 | Creusot Loire | Sponge iron prodn - by hydrogen redn of iron ore |
FR2197071A2 (en) * | 1972-08-24 | 1974-03-22 | Creusot Loire | Sponge iron prodn - by hydrogen redn of iron ore |
US4023963A (en) * | 1974-05-10 | 1977-05-17 | Creusot-Loire Entreprises | Process for the direct reduction of minerals on a continuous grate |
DE3421878A1 (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-19 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Process and plant for the continuous production of pig iron |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2407401A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
JP2003534453A (en) | 2003-11-18 |
US20030110891A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
BE1013448A3 (en) | 2002-02-05 |
BR0111363A (en) | 2003-05-20 |
EP1287168A1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
AU2001259967A1 (en) | 2001-12-03 |
KR20020091264A (en) | 2002-12-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103397127B (en) | Smelting reduction ironmaking device and ironmaking method | |
FR2980258A1 (en) | CHEMICAL LOOP COMBUSTION PROCESS WITH REMOVAL OF ASHES AND FINES IN THE REDUCTION AREA AND INSTALLATION USING SUCH A METHOD | |
EP0610114A1 (en) | Incineration process for solid fuels, particularly for urban refuses, with environmentally friendly gaseous and solid combustion products | |
CN1926248A (en) | Direct smelting plant and process | |
EP3013740A1 (en) | Direct-fired heating method and facility for implementing same | |
BE1013448A3 (en) | Ore reduction process of iron and installation for the implementation thereof. | |
JP2004538122A (en) | Method for heat treating residual material containing oil and iron oxide | |
CA2437254C (en) | Method for producing a melt iron in an electric furnace | |
FR2863920A1 (en) | Treating and valorizing flow of waste involves gasification phase using superheated steam | |
RU2009140757A (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING A REDUCER FOR APPLICATION IN THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING METAL, THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING METAL AND THE APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING METAL USING THE MENTIONED DEVICE | |
FR2966837A1 (en) | PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS | |
EP1797207B1 (en) | Treatment of steel plant sludges in a multi-stage furnace | |
EP1187942B1 (en) | Method for producing melt iron | |
CN103937922A (en) | Mixing reduction iron-making equipment and iron-making method | |
JP3746993B2 (en) | Steelworks generated waste treatment system | |
FR2493872A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A METAL FROM FINE GRANULOMETRY METAL OXIDE | |
JP4734776B2 (en) | Organic or hydrocarbon waste recycling method and blast furnace equipment suitable for recycling | |
EP2679658B1 (en) | Vitrification of inerts and purification of the gas from the pyrogasification of waste | |
EP1734137B1 (en) | Process of agglomeration of iron ores with a total suppression of polluting emissions towards the atmosphere | |
BE1015083A3 (en) | Augmentation of the quantity of injected carbon consumed at tuyeres of a blast furnace using an external reactor to heat the carbon and increase dwell time in the turbulent zone of the furnace | |
BE1012434A3 (en) | Method for producing liquid iron from iron oxides | |
BE508600A (en) | ||
BE843776A (en) | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PARTLY REDUCED PRODUCT AND PRODUCT OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS | |
BE563866A (en) | ||
EP0422309A1 (en) | Shaftfurnace for the reduction of iron ore with hydrogen to metallized iron powder for sintering |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AU BR CA JP KR MX US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2001933488 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2407401 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2001259967 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020027014720 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10275254 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020027014720 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2001933488 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 2001933488 Country of ref document: EP |