WO2001089330A2 - Disposable respirator - Google Patents
Disposable respirator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001089330A2 WO2001089330A2 PCT/US2001/015492 US0115492W WO0189330A2 WO 2001089330 A2 WO2001089330 A2 WO 2001089330A2 US 0115492 W US0115492 W US 0115492W WO 0189330 A2 WO0189330 A2 WO 0189330A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- respirator
- disposable
- facial contact
- filtering
- wearer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
- A41D13/1115—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a horizontal pleated pocket
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
- A41D13/1123—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a duckbill configuration
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to respirators and, in particular, to an improved disposable respirator.
- Non-powered air-purifying particulate respirators utilize the wearer's negative inhalation pressure to draw ambient air through the air purifying filter elements (filters) to remove particulates from the ambient air. They are designed for use as respiratory protection against atmospheres with particulate contaminants (e.g., dusts, fumes, mists) that are not immediately dangerous to life or health and that contain adequate oxygen to support life.
- particulate contaminants e.g., dusts, fumes, mists
- respirators generally serve the wearer in two respects. First, the respirator filters exhaled air, limiting viral and bacterial release in aerosol or other form. Second, the respirator filters the air drawn from ambient supply, limiting the wearer's intake of ambient contaminants. Disposable respirators are also used in the industrial and consumer applications such as mill manufactures or in home use such as sanding joint compound. A layer of nuisance odor material is often added to adsorb low levels of organic or acid gases.
- U.S. Patent No. 5,699,791 to Sul ⁇ ennik et al. describes a substantially flat respirator mask configured to assume a contoured, three-dimensional shape in conformity with an individual wearer's face.
- the mask uses a tensioned chinstrap, side gathers, integral supports and adhesives to achieve a tight seal of the mask to the wearer.
- a tensioned chinstrap a tensioned chinstrap, side gathers, integral supports and adhesives to achieve a tight seal of the mask to the wearer.
- Such a design prevents air circulation at the bindings of the mask, ensuring that air passes only through the filter material of the mask.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,606,341 to Hubbard et al. describes a non-collapsing, single pleat facemask.
- the pleat is configured such that the mask provides a close fit to the wearer, but does not collapse during inhalation. The close fit does require the creases of the pleat to contact portions of the wearer's face.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,688,566 to Boyce similarly describes a non-collapsing, pleated mask for holding the filter material away from the wearer's face. While filter material is held away from the wearer's face, creases of the pleats necessarily contact portions of the face, promoting irritation and moisture buildup.
- the respirator includes bindings of filter material providing breathable filter protection along the periphery of the respirator, including portions of the periphery set against the face of the wearer (hereinafter the "facial contact region"). Sewn or welded into the bindings incident to the face are head and neck straps for securing the respirator to the face of the wearer.
- the respirator further includes filter material pleated a plurality of times and set away from the face of the wearer by the lengths of side welds.
- the additional pleats advantageously provide high filtering surface area and low filtering loads across the periphery and pocket of the respirator. The result is superior breathability.
- disposable respirator contains four pleats secured away from the face of the wearer by two ultrasonic side welds. Both ends of an elastic headband are sewn into the upper facial contact region of the mask. Both ends of an elastic neckband are sewn into the lower facial contact region of the mask. Also sewn into the upper facial contact region is a deformable material, preferably a metal and/or plastic. This deformable material provides contouring of the upper facial contact region to the face of the wearer.
- a preferable configuration provides a five-piece construction. Sidewalls, pleats and side welds are preferably formed from one solid or one composite piece of filter material.
- a second piece of filter material is sewn or welded along upper and lower facial contact regions around deformable material (the third piece) and first filter material.
- Upper and lower elastic bands (fourth and fifth pieces) are sewn into or incident to upper and lower facial contact regions, respectively.
- FIGURE 1 is a rear aspect view (wearer's perspective) of a disposable respirator ready for fitting;
- FIGURE 2 is a front aspect view of the disposable respirator of FIGURE 1
- FIGURE 3 is a front aspect view of the disposable respirator of FIGURE 1 in a collapsed, or stored, state
- FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal aspect view of the disposable respirator of FIGURE 1 in a collapsed, or stored, state;
- FIGURE 5 is a top aspect view of the respirator of FIGURE 1 showing the respirator in a collapsed, or stored, state;
- FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view of side welds for the respirator of FIGURE
- FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view of upper and lower facial contact regions of the respirator of FIGURE 5;
- FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view of upper and lower facial contact regions of the respirator of FIGURE 5, emphasizing the inclusion of deformable material in the upper facial contact region of the respirator;
- FIGURE 9 is a graphical representation of breathing resistance as a function of loading for three disposable masks having surface areas of 62 square centimeters, 100 square centimeters and 180 square centimeters, respectively; and
- FIGURE 10 is a graphical representation of pressure drop across filter material at an air flow rate of 85 liters per minute shown as a function of surface area for three disposable masks having surface areas of 62 square centimeters, 100 square centimeters and 180 square centimeters, respectively.
- FIGURE 1 a disposable respirator for filtering airborne contaminants is generally shown at 10.
- Upper facial contact region 12 is joined to lower facial contact region 14 along first and second side welds 16, 18.
- Headband 20 is shown joined to upper facial contact region 12 at first and second contact points 22, 24.
- Neckband 26 is shown in cutaway form attached to lower facial contact region 14 at third and fourth contact points 28, 30.
- filter material pleats 32 are contiguous with first and second filter material sidewalls 34, 36.
- Upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14 (collectively 'the periphery') are shown to be a separate layer of filter material 39 sewn over sidewalls 34, 36 along stitch-line 38.
- FIGURE 2 a front view aspect is generally shown at 10. Headband 20 is shown stitched to upper facial contact region 12 at contact points 22, 24. As is preferred, first and second sidewalls 34, 36 are shown ulrrasonically welded at first and second side welds 16, 18. Pleats 32 are shown welded into first and second side welds 16, 18.
- the disposable respirator of FIGURE 1 is shown generally at 10 in a front aspect view illustrating the respirator's collapsed, or stored, state.
- Pleats 32 are folded within first and second sidewalls 34, 36.
- First and second side welds are shown at 16 and 18 respectively.
- Headband is shown at 20.
- Neckband is shown at 26.
- FIGURE 4 the disposable respirator of FIGURE 1 is shown at 10 in a longitudinal aspect view further illustrating the collapsed, or stored, state.
- First and second sidewalls 34, 36 are joined at side weld 16.
- Upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14 are shown to be a separate layer of filter material sewn over sidewalls 34, 36 along stitch-line 38.
- Ultrasonic weld is shown along side welds 16, 18. Ultrasonic weld further extends to include the edges of upper and lower facial contact region 12, 14 across stitch-line 38.
- Deformable material 40 is shown in phantom as stitched into the filtering fabric of upper facial contact region 12. Stitch- line 38 ensures that deformable material 40 is positioned under or within filter material of upper facial contact region 12.
- FIGURE 6 a cross-sectional view along A- A of FIGURE 5 is illustrated.
- Pleat 32 is shown folded within a cross-sectional portion of side weld 16.
- FIGURE 7 a cross-sectional view along B-B of FIGURE 5 is illustrated.
- Cross-sections of upper facial contact region 12 and lower facial contact region 14 are shown separately.
- Outer filter material 39 of upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14 is shown secured over first and second sidewalls 34, 36 respectively.
- FIGURE 8 a cross-sectional view along C-C of FIGURE 5 is illustrated.
- Upper facial contact region 12 is distinguished from upper facial contact region 14 in that upper facial contact region 12 further includes deformable material 40 within outer filter material 39 and above stitch-line 38.
- breathing resistance is shown as a function of loading for three disposable masks having surface areas of 62 square centimeters, 100 square centimeters and 180 square centimeters, respectively.
- sodium chloride the test particulate material
- the breathing resistance of the respirator increases (millimeters of H 2 O).
- This increase in breathing resistance is minimal at 40 milligrams of sodium chloride for the mask having a surface area of 180 square centimeters, moderate for the respirator having a surface area of 100 square centimeters, and severe for the respirator having a surface area of 62 square centimeters. Because low breathing resistance is desired at high loadings, it is preferred that the present disposable respirator have a surface area above about 180 square centimeters.
- pressure drop across the filter material at an air flow rate of 85 liters per minute is shown as a function of surface area for three disposable masks having surface areas of 62 square centimeters, 100 square centimeters and 180 square centimeters, respectively.
- the 62 square centimeter respirator shows a pressure differential of more than 8 millimeters of H 2 O.
- the 100 square centimeter respirator shows a pressure differential of between 5 and 6 millimeters of H O.
- the 180 square centimeter respirator shows a pressure differential of less than 3 millimeters of H 2 O. Because a lower pressure differential/drop will prevent mask collapse and blow-by, it is preferred that the present mask have a surface area of above about 180 square centimeters.
- the present respirator provides a compact, disposable device with good filtration of exhaled and inhaled ambient air.
- Outer filter material 39 over upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14 ensure that filtration occurs around the periphery of the facial contact regions and causes low filtration loads over the remainder of the respirator.
- Side welds 16, 18 extend away from the face of the wearer, preventing collapse of the respirator and holding filtering material away f om the wearer's mouth and nose.
- Pleats 32 provide additional surface area for filtration of air.
- Pleats 32 are preferably provided as a plurality of folds, shown individually at 44 on FIGURES 1 and 2, which are held away from the wearer's face by ultrasonically stitched side welds 16, 18. Contrary to prior art teachings, the present respirator teaches that a plurality of pleats 32 (four or more) is particularly preferred, not to hold the respirator away from the wearer's face, but instead to provide a less constrained, thus more comfortable, respirator fit for the area of the wearer's face opposite the pleats, and more importantly, to provide a high filtering surface area for the respirator.
- Prior art masks suffered from uncomfortable designs emphasizing close fits, whereby pleats or other filter materials pressed against the wearer's face during use.
- the surface area of the present respirator is generally above about 180 square centimeters. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the surface area of the present respirator is above about 350 square centimeters. It is most preferred that the surface area of the present respirator be above about 590 square centimeters.
- incorporation of filtering material along the periphery 12, 14 of the respirator and incorporation of multiple pleats set away from the wearer's face obviates the need to ensure a good "seal" between the respirator and the face. Instead, emphasis is placed on equalizing filtration load across the entirety of the respirator, including the peripheral portions.
- Preferred filtering materials useful for the present respirator include weld-able materials, such as polypropylene and polyester, among others, including materials such as are described by U.S. Patent No. 5,883,026 to Reader et al., including spunbonded/meltblown/spunbonded (SMS) laminates, electret meltblown layers, spunbonded layers, or wet-laid layers. Lighter weight materials aid in breathability, and are particularly preferred.
- filtering material is a melt-blown thermoplastic layer (such as polypropylene, polyester, or expanded polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE)), which can be electrostatically charged to attract particulates or chemically treated to have a low surface tension (i.e., hydrophobic).
- PTFE expanded polytetraflouroethylene
- the filter material incorporate carbon particles or fibers capable of absorbing non-toxic levels of organic vapors and/or acidic or basic gases. Regardless of the material used, it is preferred that the filter material have above about a 95 percent efficiency for filtering particles having a median diameter range of about 0.1 to about 0.3 microns.
- the present respirator is preferably constructed in a five-piece assembly process.
- Sidewalls 34, 36, pleats 32 and side welds 16, 18 are preferably formed from one solid or one composite piece of filter material.
- a second piece of filter material is sewn or welded along upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14 around deformable material 40 (the third piece) and first filter material.
- Upper and lower elastic bands 20, 26 are sewn into or incident to upper and lower facial contact regions 12, 14, respectively.
- the filtering material of the pocket is pleated by folding the filtering material in alternating directions along parallel fold lines.
- Pleats 32 are secured by the formation of side welds 16, 18 at the ends of the parallel fold lines.
- the sides can be ultrasonically welded or heat sealed. In this preferred configuration, pleats 32, side welds 16, 18, and sidewalls 34, 36 fold down to a compact tetragonal shape for ease of storage and portability.
- the present respirator advantageously provides a compact, fully filtering, pleated respirator in that filtering loads are spread across the entire respirator and are shared with the peripheral material in contact with the wearer's face.
- High filtering material surface areas result in breathabilities more than twice that of prior art masks.
- Use of soft filtering material in contact with the wearer's face not only ensures that air passing between the face and the mask is filtered, but also provides a comfortable fit of the respirator to the wearer's face, which is important for wearer's that must use the respirator for prolonged periods of time.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002410260A CA2410260A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-05-14 | Disposable respirator |
EP01935458A EP1296575A2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-05-14 | Disposable respirator |
AU2001261552A AU2001261552A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-05-14 | Disposable respirator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US57810600A | 2000-05-24 | 2000-05-24 | |
US09/578,106 | 2000-05-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001089330A2 true WO2001089330A2 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
WO2001089330A3 WO2001089330A3 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
Family
ID=24311463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/015492 WO2001089330A2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-05-14 | Disposable respirator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1296575A2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001261552A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2410260A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001089330A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1743535A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-17 | Maco Pharma | Respiratory mask comprising a protective strip |
US9615612B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2017-04-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Filtering face-piece respirator with stiffening member integral with filtering structure |
US10799728B2 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2020-10-13 | Air99 Llc | Respirators and related methods |
WO2021239129A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 鸿林堂生物科技股份有限公司 | Mask body structure |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7677248B2 (en) | 2002-06-05 | 2010-03-16 | Louis M. Gerson Co., Inc. | Stiffened filter mask |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2045093A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1980-10-29 | Racal Safety Ltd | Respirator |
US4248220A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-02-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Disposable dust respirator |
US4419994A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1983-12-13 | Racal Safety Limited | Respirators |
WO1998033403A1 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-06 | Tecnol Medical Products, Inc. | Non-particulating and low particulating disposable products for use in clean room environments |
-
2001
- 2001-05-14 WO PCT/US2001/015492 patent/WO2001089330A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-14 AU AU2001261552A patent/AU2001261552A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-14 CA CA002410260A patent/CA2410260A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-14 EP EP01935458A patent/EP1296575A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2045093A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1980-10-29 | Racal Safety Ltd | Respirator |
US4248220A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-02-03 | American Cyanamid Company | Disposable dust respirator |
US4419994A (en) * | 1980-07-03 | 1983-12-13 | Racal Safety Limited | Respirators |
WO1998033403A1 (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-06 | Tecnol Medical Products, Inc. | Non-particulating and low particulating disposable products for use in clean room environments |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1743535A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-17 | Maco Pharma | Respiratory mask comprising a protective strip |
EP1743535B1 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2011-12-21 | Maco Pharma | Respiratory mask comprising a protective strip |
US9615612B2 (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2017-04-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Filtering face-piece respirator with stiffening member integral with filtering structure |
US10799728B2 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2020-10-13 | Air99 Llc | Respirators and related methods |
WO2021239129A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 鸿林堂生物科技股份有限公司 | Mask body structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2001261552A1 (en) | 2001-12-03 |
WO2001089330A3 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
EP1296575A2 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
CA2410260A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
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