WO2001086926A1 - Node device and no-short-break switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

A node device connected to an end of a redundant line and adapted to carry out predetermined communication control and a no-short-break switching device are disclosed. The number of auxiliary lines is small, and the system structure can be changed without short break according to the individual statuses of the lines currently used. The node device corrects the phase differences among the separately received signals through N lines and the sum signal of all or a part of the signals through a single or n (∫N) auxiliary lines, recovers all or a part of the signals to be received through the N lines as their differences, and use the corresponding recovered signal as a substitute for the signal received through a faulty line.

Description

 Description Node device and instantaneous interruption switching device

 The present invention relates to a node device connected to one end of a redundantly configured transmission line and realizing switching of a system configuration by instantaneous interruption according to an operation state of the transmission line and an instantaneous interruption switching device. Background art

 In recent years, a variety of communication services have been provided under the competition between multiple telecommunications carriers and market liberalization, and the number of terminals using these communication services has been rapidly increasing. In addition, the added value of this terminal is enhanced by the active application of advanced information and communication technology, while maintaining high reliability and transmission quality, and at the same time flexibly providing various services at low cost. There is a strong demand for adaptive communication networks.

 Conventionally, in such a communication network, the transmission section of the trunk system of the STM system has been duplicated by a normal redundant system.

 In other words, in each duplicated transmission section, the transmitting end is connected to a working transmission path (hereinafter, referred to as “working transmission path”) and a protection transmission path (hereinafter, referred to as “protection transmission path”). The same STM signal is sent in parallel under synchronization. The receiving end that opposes the STM signal over the transmission path before the STM signal received via the protection transmission path when a failure, significant degradation of transmission quality, or other predetermined event occurs on the current transmission path. Apply as signal received from.

 Therefore, high reliability was realized in conjunction with switching of the system configuration due to uninterrupted operation.

In such a conventional example, the cost was high because the same number of protection lines as the number of working lines had to be physically laid. In order to maintain an environment in which a working line in which a failure has occurred can be reliably replaced with a corresponding protection line, it is necessary to confirm that the protection line is normal, for example, during maintenance and operation. It must be.

 However, since the total number of these protection lines increases in accordance with the number of working lines, maintenance and operation-related work requires a lot of man-hours and often increases running costs.

 In addition, since such an increase in the running cost is a factor that hinders the provision of the various services described above, there has been a strong demand for the realization of a redundant transmission path adapted to the needs of the communication system. Disclosure of the invention

 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a node device and a non-interruptionless network capable of flexibly adapting to a desired service form and traffic distribution for each transmission section in addition to a reduction in the total number of physical transmission paths. It is to provide a switching device.

 Also, the object of the present invention is to reduce the work involved in maintenance and operation, in addition to avoiding instantaneous interruptions while minimizing reliability degradation compared to the conventional example where all lines are duplicated. Another point is that running costs can be reduced.

 Further, an object of the present invention is that even if the number of protection lines is small, the replacement of a desired line by these protection lines is realized with high accuracy.

 Further, an object of the present invention is to provide a non-pay-field, which is to be transmitted via a plurality of lines and a single or a plurality of n backup lines, regardless of the format and content thereof, The point is that various transmission methods can be applied.

Furthermore, an object of the present invention is that a protection line is effectively applied in order to replace a line in which a true failure has occurred or in which the transmission quality has significantly deteriorated. It is another object of the present invention to maintain transmission quality overall high.

 A further object of the present invention is to reduce the overall cost including the running cost and improve the reliability in addition to the simplification of the hardware configuration.

 Further, an object of the present invention is to absorb a difference in transmission characteristics between a corresponding line and a protection line at a desired speed and accuracy when a line in which a failure occurs or transmission quality is deteriorated is replaced with a protection line. As far as possible, compared to the conventional example in which individual lines are duplicated, overall costs including running costs can be reduced along with the efficient use of spare lines.

 Further, an object of the present invention is that the present invention can be applied to a communication control method in which a line to be replaced with a protection line is to be selected at a transmitting end.

 Further, an object of the present invention is to maintain high service quality and achieve effective use of resources as compared with a case where invalid cooperation with a transmitting end can be performed.

 In addition, the object of the present invention is to make it possible to flexibly adapt to various needs related to maintenance and operation as compared with a case where no standard is set for selecting a line to be replaced with a protection line. It is in.

 Also, the object of the present invention is to improve the reliability and reduce the overall cost including running costs, in addition to simplifying the configuration, compared to a case where all of the multiple lines are duplicated. Is that

 Another object of the present invention is to achieve effective use of resources and improvement of service quality.

The objectives described above are for signals received individually via a plurality of N lines, and for signals received via a single or a plurality of n (i.e., N) spare lines, and all or some of these signals. The signal to be received via multiple N lines is corrected as the difference between the two and the sum signal corresponding to the sum of the signals. Of all or some of these signals, and among these restored signals, the signal corresponding to the line in which the fault (including the deterioration of transmission quality) has occurred is replaced with a substitute signal for the signal received through that line. Achieved by a node device that is characterized in that it is applied in a separate manner.

 In such a node device, the total number of lines to be laid in the transmission section to which the present invention is applied is the number of lines out of a plurality of N lines that may cause the above-described failure or transmission quality deterioration in parallel. As long as the number is less than or equal to the number n of the protection lines, even if the number n is less than N, the number is less than 2N.

 In addition, the above-described object is to provide a method in which a specific signal to be individually received via any of the plurality of N lines is a sum of a plurality of different desired sum signals among the sum signals received via the protection line. One of the multiple sum signals that are included in common as components and that are recovered as the difference from the signal received via the line where no failure has occurred is applied. This is achieved by a node device characterized by:

 In such a node device, out of a plurality of N lines, a signal to be received through a line in which a failure has occurred or transmission quality has been degraded is a transmission of a sum signal including these signals as components. The higher the number P of the protection lines provided for transmission and the probability that a failure will not occur in parallel with the lines used for transmitting other individual signals contained as components in these sum signals, the higher the number of protection lines Even if the number n is small, it can be restored with high accuracy via any protection line.

 In addition, the above-mentioned object is achieved by providing any sum signal as a signal corresponding to only the payload via the corresponding protection line, and the failure of each line is transmitted via the corresponding line. This is achieved by a node device characterized by the fact that the payload is identified as valid or invalid.

 In such a node device, determination as to whether a failure has occurred individually in a plurality of lines or deterioration in transmission quality has occurred is determined as the above-described correctness of only the pay port.

Also, the purpose described above is to make the individual signals recovered as differences Select a signal that is legitimate or has few bit errors under the specified frame configuration among the signals received via the line where these signals are to be received, and responds to that signal. to be accomplished by node apparatus is characterized in that to apply a signal received over the working line _(in this node device, bit error minor that may occur in a plurality of lines, the protection line Both are obtained as a normal signal without being applied.

 Further, the purpose described above is to minimize the transmission quality of these specific lines when the transmission quality of a plurality of specific lines among the plurality of N working lines is lower than a specified lower limit. A node device characterized in that, as a signal to be received through a single line, a difference between a signal received through one of the other lines and one of the protection lines is applied. Is achieved by

 In such a node device, of the plurality of lines, the line with lower transmission quality is preferentially replaced by one of the protection lines.

 Further, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a node device characterized in that signal identification and phase difference correction are performed in a baseband region.In such a node device, individual components are: Compared with the case where the same processing is performed in the intermediate frequency band or the radio frequency band, it can be configured with a slower element.

 In addition, the above-mentioned object is to provide, when the transmission quality of any one of a plurality of N lines falls below a threshold, in an ascending order of the transmission quality below the threshold, the number of protection lines is equal to or less than the number of protection lines. This is achieved by a node device characterized in that a number of working lines are notified to the transmitting end, and in connection with the transmitting end, these corresponding working lines are replaced with a protection line.

 In such a node device, out of a plurality of lines, a line whose transmission quality is lower than a predetermined lower limit value is given priority to one of the protection lines in ascending order of the transmission quality in cooperation with the transmission source. Is replaced by

In addition, the above-mentioned object is achieved by selecting any one of a plurality of N working lines. When the transmission quality of the line falls below the threshold, all or part of these transmission qualities are notified to the transmitting end, and in conjunction with the transmitting end, all or part of these lines are replaced with a backup line. This is achieved by a node device characterized by a point.

 In such a node device, out of a plurality of N lines, a line to be replaced with either a single line or a plurality of n protection lines is determined not by the receiving end according to the present invention but by these lines. Delegated to the opposite sender via

 Further, for the above-described purpose, the transmission quality notified to the transmitting end is determined by combining a normal line and a protection line with a sum signal component transmitted from the transmitting end via these protection lines. This is achieved by a node device characterized in that it is limited to the transmission quality of the working line, which can be replaced by a protection line below.

 In such a node device, the connection with the transmitting end is based on the distribution and operation of traffic on the line and the protection line, even if a failure occurs or the transmission quality is deteriorated among multiple N lines. Attempted only on lines that can be replaced under circumstances or other conditions.

 Further, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a node device characterized in that the transmission end is notified preferentially of the transmission quality of a line of high importance among the working lines that can be substituted.

 Such a node device is flexible with respect to the attributes of a plurality of N lines and the combination of components of the sum signal that is set in advance based on the attributes and individually transmitted via the protection line. Therefore, appropriate adaptation is possible.

 In addition, the above-described object is to provide a method in which each of the components of the sum signal is a signal to be received via a line that ensures desired transmission quality and / or reliability among a plurality of N lines. This is achieved by a node device characterized in that:

In such a node device, multiple N lines and smaller than the multiple N Redundant N lines are formed with the receiving end via one or more n protection lines.

 Further, the above-described object is characterized in that each sum signal is received via a protection line that ensures desired transmission quality and / or reliability among n protection lines. This is achieved by a node device.

 In such a node device, the combination of the number n of the protection lines and the lines to be replaced by these protection lines is set as a mode in which desired service quality and reliability are achieved.

 Further, the above-mentioned purpose is that the signals x and y transmitted in parallel through the first line and the second line and the signals x and y transmitted through the third line, A signal z provided as a function of these signals x and y is received, and other signals X and y whose phases are equal to these signals x and y are received from the signal z. This is achieved by an instantaneous disconnection switching device that reproduces and appropriately selects one of these individually paired signals X and y. Is

 In such a hitless switching device, a single line used for transmitting the signal z is formed as a redundant line between the transmitting end of the signals X and y. Despite this, two pairs of signals X and y, which are received in parallel via different lines and whose phase differences are compensated, are constantly obtained, so that the above-mentioned selection is made. Switching can be performed without any interruption irrespective of the time at which the operation is performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

 FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram of first to sixth node devices according to the present invention.

 FIG. 2 is a principle block diagram of seventh to tenth node devices according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the eleventh and twelfth node devices according to the present invention. FIG.

 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 First, the principle of the node device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

 FIG. 1 is a principle block diagram of first to sixth node devices according to the present invention.

 The node device shown in Fig. 1 has multiple N lines 10-:! 1 to -N and one or more protection lines 1 1-:! to 1 1-n connected to one end of receiving means 12 and signal recovery linked to the receiving means 12 Means 13, line monitoring means 14, and line selecting means 15.

The principle of the first node device according to the present invention is as follows. The receiving means 1 2 has a plurality of N lines 1 0-:! ~ 10-N and multiple N signals individually given through -N and single or multiple n (<N) protection lines 11-1-:! ~ 11 -n individually given via -n And a plurality n of sum signals corresponding to the sum of all or some of these signals while correcting their phase differences. The signal restoring means 13 calculates the difference between the sum of the single or plural n signals received by the receiving means 12 and the combination of the plural N signals as the plural N lines 10-:! Recover all or some of the N individual signals to be received via ~ 10-N. The line monitoring means 14 individually determines the correctness (for example, a line having a high error rate) of the plurality N of the lines 10-1 to 10-N. The line selecting means 15 is a circuit for which the result of the discrimination performed by the line monitoring means 14 of the plurality of N signals, all or a part of which has been restored by the signal restoring means 13, is false (eg, For example, a signal corresponding to a line with a high error rate, etc.) is applied instead of a signal received via that line.

 In such a node device, a signal to be received through a line in which a failure has occurred or transmission quality has deteriorated among a plurality of N lines 10 0 -1 to 10 -N As long as it is included as a component in any of the above-mentioned sum signals of n together with only the signal individually received through all or a part of the normal line, it is accurately restored as an alternative signal.

In other words, the total number of lines to be laid in the transmission section to which the present invention is applied is the number of lines 10-1 to 10-N out of a plurality of N, and the above-mentioned failures and degradation of transmission quality occur simultaneously in parallel. the number of obtained line protection line 1 1 - :! ~ 1 1 -n long as less than or equal to the number n of sufficient below 2 n (i.e., n <n) _c Thus, the conventional example every line is duplicated compared with, in addition to avoiding reduction in reliability is suppressed and while interruption to a minimum, maintenance and operations involved in the operation of labor saving and La N'ningukosu reductions and the second according to _c present invention is achieved The principle of the node device is as follows. The signals individually given through all or some of the N-number of circuits 10-1 to 10-N are components of the sum signal of different p (<n) among the sum signals of n. Included in common. The signal restoring means 13 outputs a signal for which the result of the discrimination made by the line monitoring means 14 is true among the single or plural sum signals received by the receiving means 12 (for example, the line quality Is obtained via only a good line), and by taking the difference from the single or plural P (≤N) signals received by the receiving means 12, the plural N lines 10 0 -1 to 1 Recover all or some of the multiple N individual signals to be received individually via all or some of 0-N.

That is, multiple N lines 10 0-:! The signal to be received through a line in which a fault has occurred or transmission quality has deteriorated, out of ~ 10-N, the larger the number P shown below and the higher the probability, the more the protection line 1 Even if the number of 1 -1 to 11 -n is small, it can be restored with high accuracy through any protection line. • Number of spare lines used for transmission of sum signal containing the above-mentioned signals as components P

 -Probability that no failure will occur in parallel on the line that is to be used for transmission of other signals included as a component in these sum signals

 The principle of the third node device according to the present invention is as follows. The sum signal of a plurality n is a single or a plurality of n protection lines 1 1-:! It is given as a signal corresponding to only the payload via ~ 11-n. The line monitoring means 14 is provided through a plurality of N lines 10-1 to 10-N, and includes the above-mentioned payload among the individual signal components received by the receiving means 12. These lines 10 0-:! It is determined whether 10-N is correct.

 That is, multiple N lines 10 0-:! The determination as to whether a failure has occurred in each of .about.10-N or deterioration in transmission quality has occurred is determined based on whether or not only the above-described pay-only method is correct.

 Therefore, the fields other than the payload to be transmitted via these multiple lines 10 -1 to 10 -N and the single or multiple n protection lines 11 -1 to 11 -n With regard to, various transmission methods can be applied without any restrictions on the format and content.

 The principle of the fourth node device according to the present invention is as follows. The plural N signals and the single or plural n sum signals are given as a sequence of frames based on a prescribed frame configuration. The line monitoring means 14 converts the bit error associated with the plurality of N signals provided through the plurality of lines 10-1 to 10-N and received by the receiving means 12 into the frame defined above. Correct based on configuration.

 In other words, a signal with minor bit errors that occurred on a plurality of lines 10- :! to 10-N is converted to a protection line 11- :! Any of ~ 11-n is obtained as a normal signal without being applied.

Therefore, as compared with the case where the above-described bit error correction is not performed at all, the protection line 11-:! to 11 -n has a true failure or It is effectively applied to replace a line whose transmission quality has deteriorated.

 The principle of the fifth node device according to the present invention is as follows. The line monitoring means 14 obtains the transmission quality of each of the plurality of N lines 10 -1 to 10 -N. The line selection means 15 is for each of the plurality of N lines 10 -1 to 10 N which are obtained by the line monitoring means 14 and correspond to the ascending order of transmission quality below the specified lower limit. Then, the signal restored by the signal restoration means 13 is applied instead of the signal received via the line.

 That is, multiple n lines 1 0-:! -10 -N: The lower the transmission quality, the more preferentially the protection line 1 1-:! 1 to -n.

 Therefore, the transmission quality of the transmission section to which the present invention is applied is kept high overall.

 The principle of the sixth node device according to the present invention is as follows. All or a part of the receiving means 12, the signal restoring means 13, the line monitoring means 14, and the line selecting means 15 perform all or a part of individual functions as processing of the baseband area.

 That is, the receiving means 12, the signal restoring means 13, the line monitoring means 14, and the line selecting means 15 are constituted by slower elements than when the same processing is performed in the intermediate frequency band or the radio frequency band. obtain.

 Therefore, along with the simplification of the hardware configuration, comprehensive cost reduction including running costs can be achieved.

 FIG. 2 is a principle block diagram of seventh to tenth node devices according to the present invention.

 The node device shown in FIG. 2 has multiple N lines 20-:! to 20 -N and single or multiple n spare lines 2 1-:! To 21-n, a transmission means 22 connected to the receiving means 22, a transmission quality monitoring means 23, a substitution requesting means 24, 24 A and a line selecting means 25. , 25 A.

The principle of the seventh node device according to the present invention is as follows. The receiving means 22 includes a plurality of N signals individually given via a plurality of N lines 20-1-20-N, and a single or a plurality of n (N) spare lines 21-1-1 to A single or multiple n signals individually given via 2 1 -n are received while correcting these phase differences. The transmission quality monitoring means 23 monitors the transmission quality of the plurality of N lines 20 -1 to 20 -N, and these lines 20-:! Out of ~ 20-N, specify the line whose transmission quality is lower than the predetermined lower limit. The alternative requesting means 24 includes, among the lines identified by the transmission quality monitoring means 23, one or more n spare lines 2 1 -1 to 2 1 -n in the ascending order of the transmission quality. A notification is sent to the opposite transmitting end via the line to the effect that these lines should be individually replaced with one of the spare lines. The line selecting means 25, in cooperation with the transmitting end in response to the notification sent by the substitute requesting means 24, specifies a spare line which substitutes each line indicated by the notification, and In place of the signal received via the corresponding line, the signal provided via the corresponding protection line and the signal received by the receiving means 22 are applied.

 That is, line 20-:! Out of ~ 20-N, a line whose transmission quality is lower than the above-mentioned lower limit is preferentially replaced by one of the protection lines in ascending order of transmission quality in cooperation with the transmission source.

 Therefore, as long as the difference in transmission characteristics between the relevant line and the protection line can be absorbed at the desired speed and accuracy in the above-mentioned alternative, the efficiency of the protection line can be reduced more efficiently than in the conventional example in which individual lines are duplicated. Utilization and overall cost reduction including running costs will be achieved.

The principle of the eighth node device according to the present invention is as follows. The receiving means 22 includes a plurality of N signals individually given via a plurality of N lines 20-1 to 20-N and a single or a plurality of n (N) spare lines 21-1 to 1--1. It receives single or multiple η signals individually given via 2 1 -n while correcting these phase differences. The transmission quality monitoring means 23 monitors the transmission quality of a plurality of 2 lines 20-:! to 20 -Ν, and among these lines 20 -1 to 20 -Ν, the transmission quality is a predetermined lower limit. Identify lines below the value You. The alternative requesting means 24 A is one or more n of the protection lines 2 1 -1 to 2 1 -n of the lines identified by the transmission quality monitoring means 23 in the ascending order of the transmission quality. A notification indicating these lines and transmission quality is sent to the opposite transmitting end via the number of lines. The line selecting means 25A, in cooperation with the transmitting end in response to the notification sent by the substitute requesting means 24A, specifies a spare line which substitutes each line indicated by the notification, and Instead of the signals received via the individual lines, the signals provided via the corresponding protection line and received by the receiving means 22 are applied.

 That is, the selection of a line to be replaced with any of the single or plural n spare lines 2 1-:! to 21 -n among the plural N lines 20 0: !! It is entrusted not to the receiving end according to the invention but to the opposing transmitting end via these lines.

 Therefore, it is possible to flexibly apply such a communication control method to be selected at the transmitting end.

 The principle of the ninth node device according to the present invention is as follows. The receiving means 22 is provided individually via the single or multiple n spare lines 1 1-:! to 1 1 -n, and receives a plurality of n signals corresponding to the sum of all or some of the N signals. Receive the sum signal. The alternative request means 24 A is a normal line between a plurality of N lines 20-:! ~ 20 -N and a single or a plurality of n spare lines 21-:! ~ 21-n. Only the lines that can be replaced by the protection line under the combination of the protection line and the sum signal component transmitted from the transmitting end via these protection lines indicate the line and the transmission quality. Send a notification.

 That is, the link with the transmitting end is made up of multiple N lines 20-:! -20 -N Even if a failure has occurred or the transmission quality has deteriorated, the line and the protection line 2 1-:! Traffic distribution of ~ 2 1-n, operation status Only attempted on lines that can be replaced under other conditions.

Therefore, compared to the case where invalid cooperation with the transmitting end can be performed, Service quality is maintained high and resources are used effectively. The principle of the tenth node device according to the present invention is as follows. The substitution requesting means 24A sends a notification preferentially to the lines that can be substituted and that correspond to the descending priority order given individually as an attribute.

 That is, the attributes of a plurality of N lines 20- :! to 20-N are set in advance based on the attributes, and are individually transmitted via the protection lines 21- :! to 21-n. Flexible and precise adaptation to the combination of components of the sum signal to be performed is possible.

 FIG. 3 is a principle block diagram of the eleventh and twelfth node devices according to the present invention.

 The node device shown in FIG. 3 is composed of transmitting means 31 connected to one end of a plurality N of circuits 30 -1 330 -N, and one or a plurality of n spare lines 3 2 -1 to 3 2 -n And sum signal transmitting means 33 connected to one end of the signal. The principle of the eleventh node device according to the present invention is as follows.

 The transmission means 31 includes a plurality of N circuits 30- :! Transmit multiple N signals to ~ 30-N respectively. The sum signal transmitting means 33 is connected to all or some of the plurality of N circuits 3 0-:! to 30 -N, in which the desired transmission quality and / or reliability is secured. The signal to be transmitted by the transmission means 31 is added while correcting the difference between the individual phases. Further, the sum signal transmitting means 33 transmits the sum signal obtained as a result to one or more of n (<N) protection lines 3 2-:! to 3 2 -n. Send.

 That is, the communication between the receiving end via the plurality of N lines 30-1 to 30-Ν and the single or plural n spare lines 3 2-:! to 32-n smaller than the plurality N is performed. In between, redundant N circuits are formed.

Therefore, compared to the case where all of these circuits 30 -1 to 30 -N are duplicated, the configuration is simplified, the reliability is improved, and the total cost including running cost is reduced. Becomes possible. The principle of the twelfth node device according to the present invention is as follows.

 The sum signal transmitting means 3 3 has a plurality of N circuits 3 0-:! ~ 30 -N and single or multiple n (<N) protection lines 3 2-:! Of the combinations with ~ 32-n, individual combinations in which a failure occurs in parallel or the probability that the transmission quality deteriorates is less than or equal to the desired upper limit, and is assigned to the spare line belonging to that combination A sum signal including a signal component to be transmitted via each line belonging to this combination is transmitted.

 That is, the protection line 3 2-:! The combination of the number n of ~ 32-n and the lines which should be replaced by these protection lines 32-1 ~ 32-n is set as a mode to achieve the desired service quality and reliability. Is done.

 Therefore, effective utilization of resources and improvement of service quality can be achieved compared to the case where no standard to be applied to the setting of these combinations is defined.

 The principle of the instantaneous interruption switching device according to the present invention is as follows.

 The receiving means 34 is provided by performing operations on the first signal, the second signal y, and these signals x, y transmitted via the individual lines. And the third signal z (= f (x, y)) generated by the above is received. The first reproducing means 35 performs a predetermined operation defined by a function g (x, z) on the first signal X and the third signal z received by the receiving means 34. The second signal y is reproduced by the application. Further, the second reproducing means 36 is defined by the function]! (Y, z) of the second signal y and the third signal z received by the receiving means 34. The first signal X is reproduced by performing a predetermined operation.

The phase compensating means 37 is reproduced by the first signal X received by the receiving means 34 and the second reproducing means 36, or is to be reproduced. Compensates for the phase difference with one signal X, and Between the second signal y received by the communication means 34 and the second signal y to be reproduced or reproduced by the first reproduction means 35 In addition to compensating for the phase difference, the phase-compensated signal is output separately.

 The first selecting means 38 is reproduced by the first signal X received by the receiving means 34 after the phase difference compensation and by the second reproducing means 36 after the phase difference compensation. One of the first signal X and the second signal y received by the receiving means 34 after the phase difference compensation in parallel. And the second signal y reproduced by the first reproducing means 35 after the phase difference compensation.

 In other words, a single line is provided between the first signal X and the transmitting end of the second signal y to serve as a redundant line for transmitting the third signal z. Nevertheless, the first selecting means 38 and the second selecting means 39 have two signals received in parallel via different lines and the phase difference of which is compensated. A first signal X and two second signals y are each given constantly.

 Therefore, the redundant line described above is shared for the redundant transmission of the first signal X and the second signal y, and the redundant line and the first signal X If the failure occurs in either the transmission line for the transmission of the signal and the second signal y, or the failure is recovered, the first selection means is used. 38 and the second selection means 39 can change the system configuration asynchronously and without instantaneous interruption of the first signal X and the second signal y. it can .

In addition, as for the functions f (x, y) and g (X, z) _Ν h (y, z) described above, when x, y, and z are all given as binary values, There are examples of "exclusive OR of x and y", "exclusive OR of x and z", and "exclusive OR of y and z". Other functions that satisfy: f 0, S (), h () can be applied. g (x, f (x, y)) = y

 h (y, f (x, y)) = x

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 In the figure, the node device 40T has two working transmission lines (hereinafter referred to as “working transmission lines”) 41a-1 and 41a-2, and a single spare transmission line (hereinafter referred to as a “working transmission line”). , Called “spare transmission line.” 4) Connected to one end of 1s. In addition, the node device 40T has two sets of pluralities to be multiplexed based on the STM method and to be transmitted to the above-mentioned working transmission lines 41a-l and 41a-2, respectively. A sequence of N transmission information is given. A node device 40 R is connected to the other end of the working transmission lines 41 a-1 and 41 a-2 and the protection transmission line 41 s, and these working devices are connected to the output of the node device 4 OR. Two transmission information sequences received via one of the transmission lines 4 la -l and 41 a -2 and the spare transmission line 41 s and corresponding to the two sets of transmission information sequences described above are obtained. Can be

 The node device 40T includes the following elements.

 • Multiplexers 4 2 -1 and 4 2 -2 to which the two sets of transmission information sequences described above are given

 • Transmission information redundancy unit (EXO) 4 3 having two inputs directly connected to the outputs of these multiplexing units 4 2 -1 and 4 2 -2

 • Each of the multiplexing sections 4 2 -1 and 4 2 -2 and the transmission information redundancy section 4 3 are arranged at the subsequent stage, and the working transmission paths 4 1 a -l and 4 1 a -2 and the protection transmission path 4 1 Line corresponding part directly connected to one end of s (INS) 4 4 a -1, 4 4 a -2 s 4 4 s

 · A synchronous signal generation unit 45 having an output directly connected to these line corresponding units (INS) 44a-1, 44a-2, and 44s insert inputs

Further, the node device 4OR is composed of the following elements. -Line corresponding parts (BUFF) 45 a -l, 45 a -2, directly connected to the other end of the working transmission line 41a -l, 41a -2 and the protection transmission line 41s 4 5 s

 • Line adjuster 4 5 a-l, 4 5 a -2 s Phase adjuster (D LY) 4 6 with three inputs directly connected to the output of 45 s

 • Of the three outputs of the phase adjustment unit 46, the arithmetic unit 4 7 -1 having two inputs directly connected to outputs corresponding to the line corresponding units 45 a-l and 45 s, respectively.

 • Among the three outputs of the phase adjustment unit 46, the line unit 45s and 45a-2 have two inputs directly connected to the corresponding outputs. Arithmetic unit 4 7 -2

 A line selection unit 4 8 -1 having two inputs directly connected to an output corresponding to the line corresponding unit 45 al and an output of the arithmetic unit 47-2 among the three outputs of the phase adjustment unit 46.

 • Of the three outputs of the phase adjustment unit 46, a line selection unit 4 8 having two inputs directly connected to the output corresponding to the line corresponding unit 45 a-2 and the output of the operation unit 47-1 -3

 • Demultiplexers 4 9-1 and 4 9 -2 connected in cascade to these line selectors 4 8-1 and 4 8 -2, respectively, and arranged at the last stage

 [Embodiment 1]

 Hereinafter, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

 In the node device 40T, the multiplexing units 42-1 and 42-2 multiplex the two sets of transmission information sequences described above, and add a header suitable for a predetermined frame configuration. This creates a "multiplexed signal" in which each piece of transmitted information is placed in a time slot that should be applied exclusively to that transmission. For simplicity, it is assumed below that these “multiplexed signals” have the same phase in bits and are synchronized with each other.

The transmission information redundant unit 43 generates a single bit sequence by taking the exclusive OR of these two bit sequences given as “multiplexed signals”. In the following, such a single bit string is shown. In the following, the pulse train is simply referred to as “redundant signal” for simplicity.

 The synchronization signal generator 45 is adapted to the transmission schemes of the working transmission paths 41a-1, 41a-2 and the spare transmission path 41s, and has the above-mentioned "multiplexed signal" and "redundant signal". Generates a synchronization signal (header, etc.) synchronized with. The line-corresponding parts 44a-1 and 44a-244s each generate an "STM signal" by adding a synchronization signal corresponding to the "multiplexed signal" and "redundant signal" described above. Then, these "STM signals" are transmitted in parallel to the working transmission lines 41al and 41a-2 and the protection transmission line 41s.

 On the other hand, in the node device 40 R, the line-corresponding parts 45 al, 45 a -2 and 45 s are respectively used for the working transmission lines 41 a-1 and 41 a -2 and the protection transmission line 4. The “STM signal” given via Is is fetched, and these “STM signals” are given to the phase adjustment unit 46 in parallel.

 The phase adjuster 46 uses these “STM signals” due to differences in the transmission paths and transmission characteristics of the working transmission paths 41 a-1 and 41 a-2 and the protection transmission path 41 s described above. Is corrected. Therefore, the `` STM signal '' provided via the working transmission lines 41al and 4la-2 and the protection transmission line 4Is is the same as the NRZ signal which is updated simultaneously in bit units. Then, it is given to the operation units 47-1, 47-2 and the line selection units 48-.1, 48-2.

 The operation unit 47-2 performs the exclusive OR operation of the "STM signal" received through the working transmission path 41a-2 and the protection transmission path 41s, respectively, to thereby perform the above-described operation. Among the components included in the “redundant signal”, the “multiplexed signal” generated by the multiplexing unit 4 2-1 in the node device 40 T as the transmitting end is included in the payload. Signal.

The operation unit 47-1 determines that the “STM signal” received via the working transmission path 1 a-1, not the working transmission path 41 a-2, is to be processed. Except for this, as described above, by performing the same operation as the operation performed by the operation unit 47-2, the “multiplexing” generated by the multiplexing unit 42-2 in the node device 40T as the transmitting end is performed. A "second redundant multiplex signal" is generated that includes the "signal" in the payload.

 The line selection unit 48-1 provides the transmission quality of the "STM signal" directly provided by the phase adjustment unit 46 and received via the working transmission line 41a-1 based on a predetermined standard. Monitoring, and when the transmission quality is good enough to satisfy this criterion, the “STM signal” is given to the demultiplexing unit 49.

 However, during such a period in which the transmission quality is degraded to a level below the standard, the line selector 48-1 generates the "first redundant multiplexed signal" generated by the arithmetic unit 47-2. Is given to the demultiplexing section 49-1 instead of the “STM signal” described above.

 Regarding the processing performed by the line selection unit 48-2, the transmission quality is monitored for the "STM signal" given by the working transmission line 41a-2, and for the "first redundant multiplexed signal". , Except that the above-mentioned “second redundant multiplexed signal” is applied instead of the above, the processing is the same as that performed by the line selection unit 48-1 as described above. Is omitted.

 That is, at the receiving end node 40 R, the transmission quality of the other working transmission path and the protection transmission path 41 s for both the working transmission paths 41 a-1 and 41 a-2 is as described above. The STM signal extracted from the "STM signal" received via the protection transmission line 41 s and received when the applicable working line is normal, as long as the STM signal is good enough to satisfy the specified criteria. The "first redundant multiplex signal" (or "second redundant multiplex signal") of the same phase that can replace "" is restored. In addition, if any failure occurs on the working line, the system configuration can be updated without interruption without any transmission information being lost.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the node devices 40 T and 4 OR Between them, there is formed a redundant transmission line in which a single spare transmission line 41s common to the two working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41a-2 is laid.

 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

 In the figure, components having the same functions and configurations as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted here.

 The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 lies in the configuration of a node device 6OR provided in place of the node device 4OR.

 The difference between the configurations of the node device 6 OR and the node device 4 OR is that selectors 6 1-1 and 6 1-2 are provided in place of the line selectors 48-1 and 48-2, A bit having three inputs connected to the first to third outputs of the adjustment unit 46 and two outputs individually connected to the selected inputs of these selectors 6 1-1 and 6 1 -2 An error detection unit 62 is added.

 [Embodiment 2]

 Hereinafter, the operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

 The bit error detection unit 62 is a component of the “STM signal” which is given through the phase adjustment unit 46 and received via the working transmission path 41 a-1 (41 a-2). Among them, the bit error rate is uniquely determined based on a predetermined frame configuration. The bit error rate of only the erase is monitored, and it is determined whether or not the bit error rate is lower than a specified upper limit.

 In addition, if the result of the determination is false, the bit error detection unit 62 informs the selector 6 1-1 (6 1 -2) of “the current transmission path 4 1 a −1 (4 1a -2) and the `` STM signal '' given via the phase adjustment unit 46 should be given to the demultiplexing unit 49-1 (49-2) ''. Give a selection signal.

However, if the result of the above-described determination is true, the bit error detection unit 62 informs the selector 6 1-1 (6 1 -2) of “the operation unit 4 7 -2 (4 7-1 ) Is to be given to the demultiplexing unit 49-1 (49-2). . That is, the transmission quality of the working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41a-2, or the determination of whether any failure has occurred in these working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41a-2, It is performed based on the transmission quality related only to the pay mouth that is adapted to the frame configuration, not the frame configuration of the “STM signal” described above.

 As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to apply a CRC operation or other advanced criteria as a criterion for determining whether the content of the payload is correct or not. It is possible to transmit desired information via.

 Therefore, compared to the above-described first embodiment, the accuracy of monitoring the transmission quality of the working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41a-2 is improved, and the system can be flexibly adapted to various system configurations. Becomes possible.

 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

 In the drawing, the difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and the present embodiment lies in that a node device 70R is provided instead of the node device 40R.

 The difference between the configurations of the node device 7 OR and the node device 4 OR is that the line selection units 7 1-1 and 7 1 -2 are provided instead of the line selection units 48-1 and 48-2. The point is that error correction sections 72-1 and 72-2 are added as a preceding stage of these line selection sections 71-1 and 71-2.

 [Embodiment 3]

 Hereinafter, the operation of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

 In the node device 7 OR, the error correction units 72-1 and 72-2 perform CRC and other operations on the signals included in the following combinations, respectively, and detect and logically detect the bit in which the bit error has occurred. Perform the correction in parallel with the value. • The “STM signal” received via the working line 4 1 a -1 and given via the phase adjustment unit 46 and the “first redundancy” Multiplex signal "

• Received via the working line 4 1 a -2 and via the phase adjuster 46 Combination of "STM signal" given as above and "Second redundant multiplex signal" described above

 The line selection section 7 1 -1 (7 1 -2) receives the `` STM signal '' received through the working transmission path 4 1a -1 (4 1a -2) and given by the phase adjustment section 46. As long as the transmission quality of the signal does not fall below the predetermined lower limit, the "STM signal" and the "first redundant multiplexed signal" ("second redundant signal") given by the arithmetic unit 47-2 (47-1) Multiplexed signal ”) and one of the signals with few bit errors is determined based on the predetermined frame configuration. The one signal is supplied to the demultiplexing unit 49-1 (49-2). .

 That is, for any of the working transmission lines 41a-I41a-2, if the deterioration of the transmission quality is slight, these working transmission lines 41a-Is

 Of 1a-2, the replacement of the working transmission line with deteriorated transmission quality by the spare transmission line 41s is suspended.

 Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as long as desired transmission quality is ensured under transmission path decoding and other processing performed after the demultiplexing sections 49-1, 49-2, the system configuration Frequent updating is avoided, and the spare transmission path 1 s is properly used in place of the working transmission path whose transmission quality has deteriorated to an unacceptably low level.

 This embodiment is realized by providing the line selection units 71-1 and 71-2 in place of the line selection units 48-1 and 48-2 in the above-described first embodiment. I have.

 However, the present embodiment is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the line selectors 71-1 and 71-2 also serve as the selectors 61-1 and 61-2 shown in FIG. As indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 6, the provision of the bit error detection unit 62 shown in FIG. 6 may be realized together with the second embodiment described above.

 FIG. 7 is a diagram showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that a node device 8OR is provided instead of the node device 6OR. The difference between the configurations of the node device 8 OR and the node device 6 OR is that a bit error detection unit 81 is provided instead of the bit error detection unit 62.

 [Embodiment 4]

 Hereinafter, the operation of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

 The feature of the present embodiment lies in the following processing procedure performed by the bit error detection unit 81.

 The bit error detector 81 receives the signal via the working transmission lines 41 al and 41a-2 in the same manner as the bit error detector 62 shown in FIG. In each of the fields of the frame provided as the “STM signal” through the interface, bit errors are monitored only for the payload.

 Further, the bit error detection section 81 determines whether or not these bit error rates are below respective prescribed upper limits, and both or one of the results of these determinations is false. In this case, a process is performed based on the same procedure as the process performed by the bit error detection unit 62 in the embodiment shown in FIG.

 However, if both of the above-mentioned determination results are true, the bit error detection unit 81 selects one of the “STM signals” described above, which has a larger bit error rate of the payload. STM signal ”(hereinafter referred to as“ degraded STM signal ”).

 In addition, the bit error detection unit 81 selects one of the selectors 61-1 and 61-2, one of the working transmission lines (code “41 a”) corresponding to the transmission line of the “degraded STM signal”. Select the “first redundant multiplex signal” or “second redundant multiplex signal” given by the operation unit (shown by “47”) in one selector corresponding to). Give a selection signal that means what to do.

That is, the transmission quality of both the working transmission lines 41al and 41a-2 is improved. If the value is below the lower limit described above, one of these working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41a-2 will be replaced with the "STM signal" The `` first redundant multiplex signal '' or `` second redundant multiplex signal '' generated as the difference between the `` STM signal '' received via the working transmission line and the protection transmission line 4Is is applied Is done.

 Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even during the period when the transmission quality of both the working transmission lines 41al and 41a-2 is degraded in parallel, the signal is received via the backup transmission line 41s. The “STM signal” is used efficiently, and degradation of transmission quality is suppressed to a small extent.

 Note that, in the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, but in the present invention, the transmission qualities of both the working transmission paths 41 a1 and 41 a-2 are desired in parallel. The configuration is not limited to such a configuration as long as it is monitored in form and accuracy, and application to any of the above-described embodiments is also possible.

 FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

 In the drawing, components having the same functions and configurations as those shown in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted below.

 The difference between the present embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is that a node device 9 ORt is provided instead of the node device 8 OR, and the configuration is the same as that of the node device 9 ORt. A node device 9 OT r is provided in place of the node device 40 Τ, and a full-duplex working transmission line (41 a-lUs 41) is provided between the node devices 9 OR t and 9 OT r. a-1D), (41a-2U, 41a-2D) and full-duplex protection transmission lines (41s-U, 41s-D).

 Note that the above-mentioned working transmission line (4 1 a -lUs 4 1 a -ID) ヽ (4 1 a -2U, 1 a -2D) and the protection transmission line (4 1 s -U, 4 1 s -D) Of these, those with the letter “D” added to the code correspond to the working transmission lines 41 a-l and 41 a-2 and the protection transmission line 41 s shown in FIG. 7, respectively.

In addition, the node device 9 ORt and the node device 8 OR shown in FIG. The difference of the configuration is that a bit error rate detection section 91 R is provided instead of the bit error rate detection section 81, and the configuration shown in FIG. 7 is the same as that of FIG. 7 except for the following points (a) to (c). In addition to having the same configuration as that of the transmission device 40 T, a transmission unit 92 R connected to one end of the working transmission lines 41 a-1U, 41 a-2U and the protection transmission line 41 s-U is provided. It is in the point.

 Among the components of the node device 9ORt, those having the same functions and configurations as those provided in the node device 8OR described above (excluding the transmitting unit 90R and a transmitting unit 90T described later). ) Is indicated by adding the letter “R” to the end of the code shown in FIG. 8, and the description is omitted here.

 Further, the components of the transmitting section 92R are provided in the above-described node device 90Tr, and the components of the transmitting section 92T having the same configuration as the transmitting section 92R are the same as those of the transmitting section 92R. In order to distinguish them, "R" is added as the first suffix to the code shown in FIG.

(a) Multiplexing sections 94-Rl and 94-R2 are provided instead of the multiplexing sections 42-1 and 42-2, and the multiplexing sections 94-Rl and 94-R2 are provided. The corresponding output of the bit error rate detector 91 R is connected to a specific input.

 (b) In addition to the output of the transmission information redundancy unit 43-R, the three inputs respectively connected to the outputs of the multiplexing units 94-Rl and 94-R2, and the bit error rate detection unit A selector 93-R having a control input connected to a corresponding output of the 91R is arranged as a stage preceding the line corresponding section 44s-R.

 (c) Among the three outputs of the phase adjuster 46R, the output corresponding to the backup transmission line 41s-D is connected to the third input of the selectors 61R-1 and 61R-2. Is done.

In addition, the components of the node device 9 OT r are described below in order to distinguish them from the components of the node device 9 OR t. The character "T" is added instead of the character "R" added as described above or as the first subscript, and the description is omitted here. [Embodiment 5]

 Hereinafter, the operation of the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

 The feature of this embodiment is that the bit error rate detectors 91 R and 91 T provided in the node devices 90 Rt and 90 Tr respectively, the multiplexing units 94 -Rl and 94- R2, 94-Tl, 94-Τ2, and selectors 93R, 93T are in the following processing procedure.

 In the node device 90 Rt (90 Tr), the bit error rate detection section 91 R (91 T) uses the current transmission path 41 a-ID, 41 a--2D (41 a- As long as the transmission quality of either 1U or 4 1a -2U) exceeds the predetermined lower limit, the output of the transmission information redundancy unit 43-R (43-T) is output to the line corresponding unit 44s-. R (44 s -T) should be given to the selector 93-R (93-T), and without any connection to the transmitter 92R (92T). The same processing as in the embodiment 41 is performed.

 The operations performed by the respective units in cooperation with each other in the course of such processing are as described above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

 However, if the transmission quality of both the working transmission paths 41a-IDs 41a-2D is below the lower limit described above, the bit error rate detector 91R performs a series of processing described below. Do.

 (1) Of the working transmission lines 41a-ID and 41a-2D, specify one of the low transmission quality (hereinafter, simply referred to as "specific transmission line").

( ² ) A message including the identifier of this specific transmission line (in this case, for simplicity, it is assumed that it is a word consisting of a specified bit sequence) in both multiplexing units 94-Rl and 94-R2. To give).

(3) One of the selectors 61 R-1 and 61 R-2 corresponding to the specific transmission path is sent to the selector corresponding to the “multiplexed signal (phase adjustment) received via the protection transmission path 41 s-D. This is given by the unit 46R without passing through any of the arithmetic units 47-1, 7R-2.) The multiplexing units 94-Rl and 94-R2 multiplex such a message into the transmission information described above based on a predetermined frame configuration, and The resulting "multiplexed signal" is given to a-Rl, 44a-R2 and the transmission information redundancy unit 43-R.

 Therefore, the above-mentioned message is transmitted to the node device 9OTr via all or a part of the working transmission paths 41a-1U and 41a-2U and the protection transmission path 41s-U. You.

 In the node device 90Tr, the bit error rate detector 91T identifies such a message and gives the selector 93-T an identifier included in the message.

The selector 9 3 T, instead of the "redundant signal" provided by the transmission information redundancy unit 4 3 -T, active transmission line 4 1 a -1 of D _N 4 1 a -2D, represented by this identifier The “multiplexed signal” given by the multiplexing unit (indicated by either “94-Τ1” or “94-T2”) corresponding to one of the working transmission lines is sent to the line corresponding unit 44 s-Τ. give.

 In other words, if the transmission quality of both the working transmission lines 41a-ID and 41a-2D is below the lower limit described above, these working transmission lines 41a-1D and 41a-2D Among them, the one with low transmission quality is replaced by the spare transmission path 41 s-D.

 Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the transmission quality is maintained higher than in the other embodiments in which the working transmission line having the lowest transmission quality is not necessarily replaced by the spare transmission line 41s-D. .

In the present embodiment, parallel among transmission quality of the current for the line _{4 1 a -1D N 4 1 a} -2D the lower limit value, the transmission quality is low specific transmission path bi Uz preparative error detection unit 9 1 R identified by R and node device 9 0

This is notified to the bit error rate detector 91 T provided for Tr.

 However, such a specific transmission path may be identified by the node device 90Tr, for example, by applying the following configuration.

• The bit error rate detection unit 91R passes the individual transmission qualities of the working transmission lines 41a-1D and 41a-2D to the node device 9OTr as the messages described above. Know.

 • In the node device 90Tr, the bit error rate detection unit 9IT uses the current transmission path (code “41a-lD”) corresponding to one of the transmission qualities acquired as the above-mentioned message, which is lower. , “41a-2D”) is identified as a specific transmission path.

 Further, in the present embodiment, in the section from the node device 90 Tr to the node device 90 Rt, two working transmission lines 41 a -IDs 41 a- Along with 2D, a spare transmission line 41 s-D is provided to be used as an alternative to any of these working transmission lines 41a-1D and 41a-2D.

 However, the number of such active transmission lines in the node device 90Tr may be "3" or more.

 Furthermore, if the number of active transmission paths is equal to or more than “3” and the node device 90 Tr can identify these transmission qualities as in the present embodiment, For example, of these working transmission lines, one or more working transmission lines having high transmission quality and working transmission lines having a transmission quality exceeding the lower limit described above but having a low transmission quality are low. An "STM signal" is generated as an exclusive OR of a plurality of "multiplexed signals" to be transmitted and transmitted, and this "STM signal" is transmitted to the spare transmission path 41s-D. At the same time, the combination of these "multiplexed signals" is notified to the node device 9ORt as appropriate, so that the overall transmission quality may be maintained at a high level. .

 Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the two working transmission lines 41 a-l,

1a -2 (41a-1D, 41a -2D) to the receiving end of the transmission section where a single spare transmission line 41s (41s -D) is O The present invention is applied to node devices arranged at both the

However, the present invention is not limited to such transmission sections. For example, when the number P of working transmission paths is equal to or more than “3” and In addition, the present invention can be similarly applied to a receiving end of a transmission section in which less than P spare transmissions are laid, or a node device provided at the receiving end and the transmitting end.

 Further, the number of such spare transmission paths may be the following number or any other number as long as the number is less than P described above.

 • Number of working transmission lines for which failures can occur in parallel

 • The number of working transmission lines for which recovery from a failure cannot be tolerated in parallel

 Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, there is no description of an operation to be performed in cooperation with each unit when a failure occurs in the backup transmission line 41 s (41 s -D).

 However, in such a case, the system configuration to be applied to the redundantly configured transmission path is not a feature of the present invention, and the following technology and other various known technologies can be applied. Therefore, the description of the operation performed by each unit in cooperation with each other is omitted here.

 -The failure of the spare transmission line 41s (41s-D) occurs exclusively in the working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41s-2 (41a-ld, 41s-2d) Or for transmission of transmission information to be transmitted via one of which transmission quality has deteriorated.

 ■ The protection transmission line 4Is (41s-D) is used for the failure and transmission quality of the working transmission lines 41a-1 and 41s-2 (4la-IDs41s-2D). Depending on the degradation and the recovery from these failures or the degradation of transmission quality, it is appropriately applied as a substitute for any of the active transmission paths based on a predetermined algorithm.

 Further, in Embodiments 1 to 4 described above, the spare transmission path 41 s is exclusive of individual transmission information to be transmitted via the working transmission paths 41 a-l and 41 a-2. It is used to transmit “redundant signals” obtained as logical OR.

However, when the number P of the working transmission lines is 3 or more and the If the number is less than P, the transmission information to be superimposed as the exclusive OR on the “redundant signal” to be transmitted via these spare transmission lines is Among the working transmission lines that can realize a redundant configuration by applying the transmission line, if the probability that a failure occurs in parallel with the corresponding backup transmission line or the transmission quality deteriorates is less than the desired upper limit value It may be limited to the transmission information to be transmitted via the working transmission path which can be regarded.

 In addition, when such a configuration is applied, the transmission path for each transmission section depends on the number and combination of transmission information to be transmitted as a “redundant signal” component via each of the backup transmission paths. It is possible to adapt to the redundant configuration and to secure desired reliability and service quality.

 Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the above-described “redundant signal” is generated by taking the exclusive OR of the transmission information in the baseband area.

 However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. For example, if the following conditions are satisfied under the characteristics and performance of each unit, individual transmission information is synthesized in a radio frequency band or a desired intermediate frequency band. Thus, a “redundant signal” may be generated.

 • The dynamic range of the transmission characteristics of the spare transmission line 41 s (41 s -D) from the minimum to the maximum of the total power of the signals that can be superimposed as "redundant signals" And linearity are ensured.

 -It is possible to extract desired transmission information components included in the "redundant signal" under predetermined processing performed at the receiving end.

Also, in each of the above-described embodiments, of the working transmission lines 41 a -l and 41 s -2 (41 a -I Ds 41 S -2D), the spare transmission line 41 s (41 s- The transmission information included in the “redundant signal” transmitted via D) is applied, or the working transmission line (hereinafter referred to as “replacement signal”) to be replaced by the spare transmission line 41 s (41 s -D) , Which is simply referred to as “substituted transmission path.”) Is determined according to whether a failure has occurred or the degree of deterioration of transmission quality. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and the number of the working transmission lines and the backup transmission lines and the transmission information to be superimposed on the “redundant signal” transmitted through these backup transmission lines are not limited. Irrespective of the combination of Is also good.

 • The importance assigned to each working transmission line according to maintenance and operation requirements

 -Descending order of the sum of the weights assigned to the individual logical channels formed on each working transmission line

 • Calls to which individual logical channels formed on each working transmission line are allocated, or given as a subscriber class (service order) for the caller and / or the callee who originated the call. Important

Industrial applicability

 In the first node device according to the present invention, compared to the conventional example in which all the lines are duplicated, the reduction in reliability is minimized and the maintenance and operation are performed while avoiding instantaneous interruption. Labor saving of related work and reduction of running cost are achieved.

 Further, in the second node device according to the present invention, even if the number of protection lines is small, the replacement of a desired line by any one of these protection lines can be realized with high accuracy.

 Further, in the third node device according to the present invention, the format and contents of the fields other than the payload to be transmitted via the plurality of lines and the single or the plurality of n protection lines are described. Various restrictions can be applied without any restrictions.

In addition, in the fourth node device according to the present invention, the protection line truly fails, as compared with the case where no bit error is corrected. Alternatively, it is effectively applied to replace a line whose transmission quality has deteriorated.

 Furthermore, in the fifth node device according to the present invention, the transmission quality is generally kept high.

 Further, in the sixth node device according to the present invention, the total cost including the running cost can be reduced along with the simplification of the hardware configuration.

 Furthermore, in the seventh node device according to the present invention, when a fault occurs or a line whose transmission quality is degraded is replaced with some kind of protection line, the transmission characteristics between the relevant line and the protection line are changed. As long as the differences can be accommodated at the desired speed and accuracy, compared to the conventional case where each line is duplicated, efficient use of the spare line and reduction of overall costs including running costs Is achieved.

 In addition, the eighth node device according to the present invention can be flexibly applied to a communication control method in which a line to be replaced with a protection line is to be selected at the transmitting end.

 Further, in the ninth node device according to the present invention, the service quality is maintained higher and the resources are effectively used as compared with a case where invalid linkage with the transmitting end can be performed.

 In addition, the tenth node device according to the present invention has a more flexible adaptation to various maintenance and operation needs than when no standard is set for selecting a line to be replaced with a protection line. It becomes possible.

 Furthermore, in the eleventh node device according to the present invention, compared to a case where all of a plurality of lines are duplicated, the overall configuration including simplification of the configuration, improvement of reliability, and running cost is improved. Cost reduction

0 ο

In the twelfth node device according to the present invention, effective use of resources and improvement of service quality are achieved. Therefore, in the transmission system to which the present invention is applied, in addition to the flexible adaptation to the mode of operation and maintenance, an increase in added value that enables provision of various services is realized at low cost.

Claims

The scope of the claims

(1) The sum of all or some of these signals, which are individually provided via a plurality of N (<N) spare lines, and a plurality of N signals individually provided through a plurality of N lines. Receiving means for receiving a plurality of sum signals corresponding to the above while correcting these phase differences;

 All of the plurality of N individual signals to be received via the plurality of N lines as a difference between the single or multiple n sum signals received by the receiving means and the combination of the multiple N signals Or signal restoration means for restoring a part

 A line monitoring means for individually determining the correctness of the plurality of N lines N; and a determination made by the line monitoring means among the plurality of N signals, all or a part of which are restored by the signal restoring means. Line selection means for applying a signal corresponding to a line with a false result instead of a signal received via that line;

 A node device comprising:

 (2) In the node device described in claim 1,

 Signals given individually over all or some of the multiple N lines are:

 Of the plural n sum signals, they are commonly included as components of different plural p (<n) sum signals.

 The signal restoration means is

 Of the single or multiple sum signals received by the receiving means, only the line for which the result of the determination made by the line monitoring means is true is given, and the single or plural n received by the receiving means. By recovering all or some of the plurality of N individual signals to be individually received via all or some of the plurality of N lines by taking a difference with the plurality of PN signals.

A node device characterized by this.

(3) In the node device described in claim 1,

 The sum signal of multiple n is

 It is given as a signal corresponding to only the payload via one or more n protection lines,

 The line monitoring means

 Among the components of the individual signals provided via the plurality of N lines and received by the receiving means, the legitimacy of these lines is determined as the legitimacy of the signal corresponding to the payload.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (4) In the node device described in claim 2,

 The sum signal of multiple n is

 It is given as a signal corresponding to only the payload via one or more n protection lines,

 The line monitoring means

 Among the components of the individual signals provided via the plurality of N lines and received by the receiving means, the legitimacy of these lines is determined as the legitimacy of the signal corresponding to the payload.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (5) In the node device described in claim 2,

 The multiple N signal and the single or multiple n sum signal are

 Given as a sequence of frames based on the prescribed frame configuration, the line monitoring means

 A bit error accompanying a plurality of N signals provided through a plurality of lines and received by a receiving unit is corrected based on the prescribed frame configuration.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (6) In the node device described in claim 3,

 The multiple N signal and the single or multiple n sum signal are

Given as a sequence of frames based on a prescribed frame structure, The line monitoring means:-corrects a bit error associated with the plurality of N signals provided through the plurality of lines and received by the receiving means, based on the prescribed frame configuration.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (7) In the node device described in claim 4,

 The multiple N signal and the single or multiple n sum signal are

 Given as a sequence of frames based on the prescribed frame configuration, the line monitoring means

 A bit error accompanying a plurality of N signals provided through a plurality of lines and received by a receiving unit is corrected based on the prescribed frame configuration.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (8) In the node device described in claim 1,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Among the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of the transmission quality that is obtained by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply restored signal

 A node device characterized by this.

 (9) In the node device described in claim 2,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

Among the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of the transmission quality that is obtained by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Return Apply the derived signal

 A node device characterized in that:

 (10) In the node device according to claim 3,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Of the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of transmission quality that is determined by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply the signal restored by

 A node device characterized by this.

 (11) In the node device according to claim 4,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Of the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of transmission quality that is determined by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply the signal restored by

 A node device characterized in that:

 (12) In the node device according to claim 5,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Among the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of the transmission quality that is obtained by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply restored signal

A node device characterized by the above-mentioned. (13) In the node device described in claim 6,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Among the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of the transmission quality that is obtained by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply restored signal

 A node device characterized in that:

 (14) In the node device according to claim 7,

 The line monitoring means

 Find the transmission quality of each of multiple N lines,

 Line selection means,

 Among the plurality of N lines, for each line corresponding to the ascending order of the transmission quality that is obtained by the line monitoring unit and falls below the specified lower limit, the signal restoring unit replaces the signal received via the line. Apply restored signal

 A node device characterized in that:

 (15) In the node device according to claim 1,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized in that:

 (16) In the node device described in claim 2,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

Performs all or some of the individual functions in the processing of the paceband area A node device characterized by this.

 (17) The node device described in claim 3

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the base area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (18) In the node device described in claim 4,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (19) In the node device according to claim 5,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (20) The node device according to claim 6, wherein

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (21) In the node device described in claim 7,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing in the baseband area. Add

 A node device characterized by this.

 (22) In the node device described in claim 8,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the base area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (23) In the node device according to claim 9,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (24) The node device according to claim 10, wherein:

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (25) In the node device according to claim 11,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the base area

 A node device characterized by this.

 (26) In the node device according to claim 12,

All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the base area

 A node device characterized in that:

 (27) In the node device according to claim 13,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions in the processing of the paceband area

 A node device characterized in that:

 (28) In the node device according to claim 14,

 All or some of the receiving means, signal restoring means, line monitoring means and line selecting means

 Performs all or some of the individual functions as processing of the baseband area

 A node device characterized in that:

 (29) These are a plurality of N signals provided individually via a plurality of N lines and a single or plurality n signals individually provided via a single or a plurality of n (<N) backup lines. Receiving means for receiving while correcting the phase difference of

 Transmission quality monitoring means 23 for monitoring the transmission quality of the plurality of N lines and identifying a line whose transmission quality falls below a predetermined lower limit value among these lines;

 Among the lines specified by the transmission quality monitoring means, these lines are directed to the opposite transmitting end via the number n or less of the single or plural n spare lines in ascending order of transmission quality. An alternative requesting means for individually sending a notification that it should be replaced by any one of the protection lines;

By coordinating with the transmitting end in response to the notification sent by the substitution request means, a spare line that substitutes for the individual line indicated by the notification is specified and received through these individual lines. At the signal Alternatively, line selection means provided through a corresponding protection line and applying a signal received by the receiving means.

 A node device comprising:

 (30) A plurality of N signals individually provided through a plurality of N lines and a single or multiple n signals individually provided through a single or a plurality of n (<N) protection lines Receiving means for receiving while correcting the phase difference of

 Transmission quality monitoring means for monitoring the transmission quality of the plurality of N lines, and identifying a line whose transmission quality is below a predetermined lower limit value among these lines N. Of which, in ascending order of transmission quality, an alternative request for sending a notification indicating these lines and transmission quality to the opposite transmitting end via the number n or less of the single or plural n spare lines. Means,

 By coordinating with the transmitting end in response to the notification sent by the substitution request means, a spare line that substitutes for the individual line indicated by the notification is specified and received through these individual lines. Line selection means for applying a signal received by the receiving means while being provided through a corresponding protection line instead of a signal;

 A node device comprising:

 (31) In the node device described in the claim 30,

 The receiving means is

 Receiving a plurality n of sum signals which are individually provided via a single or a plurality n of protection lines and which correspond to the sum of all or a part of the plurality N of signals;

 Alternative request means are:

Among the multiple N lines and the single or multiple ri protection lines, the normal line and the protection line are combined with the components of the sum signal transmitted from the transmitting end via these protection lines, and the protection is performed. Sends a notification indicating the line and transmission quality only for the line that can be replaced by the line. To

 A node device characterized in that:

 (32) In the node device according to claim 31,

 Alternative request means are:

 Of the lines that can be replaced, priority is sent to the line that corresponds to the descending order of priority given individually as an attribute.

 A node device characterized by this.

 (33) transmitting means for transmitting a plurality of N signals to a plurality of N lines, respectively;

 A signal to be transmitted by the transmitting means is transmitted to all or a part of the plurality of N lines for which desired transmission quality and / or reliability is secured. Sum signal transmitting means for adding the signals while correcting the difference between them, and transmitting the sum signal obtained as a result to one or a plurality of n (<N) spare lines.

 A node device comprising:

 (34) In the node device described in Claim 33,

 The sum signal transmitting means,

 The desired upper limit is the probability that failures will occur in parallel and / or transmission quality will deteriorate in the combination of multiple N circuits and single or multiple n (<N) protection circuits In each of the following combinations, a sum signal including a signal component to be transmitted through each of the individual lines belonging to the combination is transmitted to the protection line belonging to the combination.

 A node device characterized in that:

(35) Generated by performing operations on the first signal X, the second signal y, and these signals x, y transmitted via individual lines. Receiving means for receiving the third signal z and the first signal X and the third signal z received by the receiving means, and performing a predetermined operation on the second signal a first reproducing means for reproducing y; A second reproducing means for performing a predetermined operation on the second signal y and the third signal z received by the receiving means to reproduce the first signal X;

 The phase difference between the first signal X received by the receiving means and the first signal X to be reproduced or to be reproduced by the second reproducing means; The phase difference between the second signal y received by the receiving means and the second signal y to be reproduced or to be reproduced by the first reproducing means. Phase compensation means for compensating for and, and outputting the phase-compensated signal accordingly.

 Either the first signal X received by the receiving means after the phase difference compensation or the first signal X reproduced by the second reproducing means after the phase difference compensation A first means of selecting one or the other,

 Either the second signal y received by the receiving means after the phase difference compensation or the second signal y reproduced by the first reproducing means after the phase difference compensation A second means of choosing one or the other

 A non-instantaneous disconnection switching device characterized by having: