WO2001085754A1 - Plant promoter - Google Patents
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- WO2001085754A1 WO2001085754A1 PCT/US2001/015023 US0115023W WO0185754A1 WO 2001085754 A1 WO2001085754 A1 WO 2001085754A1 US 0115023 W US0115023 W US 0115023W WO 0185754 A1 WO0185754 A1 WO 0185754A1
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- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/415—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
- C12N15/8222—Developmentally regulated expression systems, tissue, organ specific, temporal or spatial regulation
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- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
- C12N15/8237—Externally regulated expression systems
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8216—Methods for controlling, regulating or enhancing expression of transgenes in plant cells
- C12N15/8237—Externally regulated expression systems
- C12N15/8238—Externally regulated expression systems chemically inducible, e.g. tetracycline
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/88—Lyases (4.)
Definitions
- Promoter DNA sequences for geranium are identified in the genomic clone of PHSacc49. These promoter sequences may provide a means to regulate the level of transcription of a coding sequence in geraniums and other plants. Specifically, sense and introduced antisense PHSacc49 genes could be driven in transgenic plants.
- Eukaryotic genes consist of a transcription-translation initiation region, a coding region and a termination region.
- the transcription initiation region is typically located upstream of the coding region.
- This initiation region includes a promoter region.
- the promoter region is responsible for inducing transcription of the coding region and of untranslated sequences responsible for binding of ribosomes and for translation initiation.
- a promoter typically consists of a "TATA box” and an "upstream activating region.”
- the TATA box is responsible for marking the initiation of transcription approximately 25 base pairs in the 3' direction toward the start of the coding region.
- a plant transcription-translation initiation region can be designed to activate a homologous or heterologous (or non-naturally occurring) gene.
- the timing and level of expression of transcription can be controlled.
- Transcription Elements of ACC Synthase Genes The transcriptional elements of genomic ACC synthase genes have been identified from variety of plants. In LE-ACS2 of tomato ACC synthase genes, an AT-rich promoter element exists between two highly G-rich regions at approximately -430 and -500 up stream from the transcription initiation site. A TATA 5 box is located at -32 position.
- the 5'-flanking region of this gene contains 6 to 10 bp long common sequences with E4 promoter, which is regulated by ethylene (Rottman et al, 1991). And additional regulatory sequences have been identified based on binding sites of conserved DNA binding protein in other organisms. SP I, myc, AP2 and octamer binding sites are contained in LE-ACS2 promoter. In another tomato genomic ACC synthase gene, LE-ACS4,
- LE-ACS4 promoter contains common sequences with E4, and it includes G-box like sequence, whose core sequence is CACGTG, at position -610 (Lincoln et al, 1993). From these results, these two ACC synthase genes could be regulated by similar inducible elements.
- ACS4 promoter contains TATA box at position -29 and CAAT box
- This gene promoter also includes four putative auxin-responsive elements (Aux RE). These Aux RE sequences at position -404 are common to OS-ACSI from rice, at positions -448 and -359 have high homology with PS-IAA4/5 from Pea, and at position -271 is similar to the soy bean GI-13 promoter (Abel et al, 1995). These results suggest that ACS4 gene may, at least in part, be regulated by auxin (Abel et al, 1995).
- ACS I promoter appears to have the highest similarity at positions approximately -500 and -750 to CP-ACC1 A promoter of Zucchini, and this region partially overlaps with LE-ACS2 promoter of tomato (Huang et al, 199 I; Van Der Stracten et al,
- ACSI promoter includes similar sequences to ethylene-responsive promoter and wound inducible promoters. G-box like sequence is also detected at position at -905 (Van Der Straeten et al, 1992). In Nicotiana spp and some other plants, GCC box, a 11 bp sequence, TAAGAGCCGCC, is conserved in the 5' upstream region of ethylene inducible pathogenesis-related protein gene (Takagi and Shinshi, 1995). This sequence is
- ACC synthase promoter 30 essential for ethylene responsiveness when incorporated into a heterologous promoter. It is clear that many ACC synthase promoters include regulatory elements which respond differentially to various signals in the plant environment.
- the broad object of this invention is to provide a promoter sequence for the regulation of transcription-translation in plant cells.
- the promoter sequences disclosed may be incorporated into a variety transgenic plant host cells to manipulate the level of expression of proteins.
- a significant object of an embodiment of the invention may be to provide for a vector having the promoter invention operably linked to a homologous or heterologous nucleic acid sequence.
- the heterologous nucleic acid sequence may, as but one example, encode for antisense RNA complementary to at least a portion of the ACC synthase gene from Pelargonium or Rosa as, for example, described in United States Patent No. 5,824, 875 or patent applications PCT 97/17644; and United States 09/171,482, hereby incorporated by reference.
- Another significant object of an embodiment of the invention may be to provide for expression cassettes that have the promoter invention operably linked to a heterologous nucleic acid sequence as, for example, described in the above-mentioned or and patent applications or as may be well known to those skilled in the art.
- Another significant object of an embodiment of the invention may be to provide for transgenic plants that have the promoter operably linked to a heterologous nucleic acid sequences as, for example, described in the above-mentioned patents or patent applications or as may be well known to those skilled in the art.
- Yet another significant object of an embodiment of the invention may be to provide methods of expressing heterologous nucleic acid sequences in plant cells as described, for example, in the above-mentioned patents and patent applications or as may be well known to those skilled in the art.
- a plant cell is transformed with a vector that has the promoter invention operably linked to a heterologous nucleic acid sequence. After transformation with the vector, the plant cell is grown under conditions where the heterologous nucleic acid sequences are expressed.
- Figure 1 shows the nucleotide sequences of genomic PHSacc49 clone (gPHSacc49) upstream of the transcription start site.
- Figure 2 shows the primers used to amplify DNA fragment of PHSacc genes by polymerase chain reaction.
- the invention constitutes promoter sequences for geranium identified in the genomic clone of PHSacc49.
- This promoter sequence technology may satisfy a long felt need for a native geranium promoter which may regulate 1-aminocyclopropane-l-caroxylate synthase genes from Pelargonium and other plants so that ethylene levels in plants may be controlled.
- These promoter sequences identified in the genomic clone of PHSacc49 may be the means by which expression of antisense PHSacc49 gene could be driven in transgenic plants.
- the sense and introduced antisense genes expression would be regulated by the same endogenous promoter to the same extent.
- a promoter native to geranium its activity will be influenced by endogenous and exogenous signals in the same fashion and regulation of ethylene levels in plants would represent a condition that is natural to the plant.
- the leaf powder and extraction buffer mixture were incubated at 65°C (in a water bath) for 1 hour and gently mixed several times during the incubation period. The mixture was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 25 °C and the supernate transferred to a fresh tube containing 7.5 ml of 5 M potassium acetate (pH 4.8) solution. The mixture was incubated at 0°C for 30 min and then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. DNA in extract was precipitated with isopropanol (0.6 volume). DNA precipitate was recovered by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C and the pellet dissolved in 5 ml of H20.
- any insoluble material was removed by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C; the DNA re-precipitated with 0.6 volumes of isopropanol. The precipitate was recovered (by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C) and washed twice with 70% ethanol. It was dissolved in 700 ⁇ l of TE buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, I mM EDTA, pH 8.0). RNAse (1 ⁇ g/ml) was added to the sample to remove RNA by incubation at 37°C for 1 hour.
- Genomic DNA (210 ⁇ g in 150 ⁇ l) was dispensed in a Sau3A enzyme reaction buffer (10 X containing 200 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 600 mM KC1, and 7.5 mM MgCl 2 ), and transferred into six pre-chilled sterile microfuge tubes. With the exception of the first tube that had 60 ⁇ g of DNA in 30 ⁇ l, each of the remaining tubes received 30 ⁇ g of DNA in 15 ⁇ l.
- the gradient tube was punctured from the bottom and about 0.5 ml aliquot fractions were collected. Aliquots (five ⁇ l) of each sucrose gradient fraction were removed and applied to a 0.8% agarose gel in TBE buffer. The agarose gel was electrophoresed at 5 V/cm for 2 hours. Gradient fractions containing 9 to 23 kilo base pairs (kbp) DNA fragments were pooled and dialyzed against TE buffer overnight at 4°C. The dialyzed DNA was precipitated with two volumes of 95% ETOH in the presence of 200 mM NaCl and washed twice with 70% ETOH. The resulting DNA sample was dried at room temperature and dissolved in 200 ⁇ l of TE buffer.
- Calf intestine alkaline phosphatase was used to remove 5 '-phosphate from the size fractionated DNA to prevent self-ligation during the ligation reaction.
- CIP Calf intestine alkaline phosphatase
- Approximately 8 ⁇ g of DNA insert was treated with 5 units of CIP (Boehringer Mannheim) in dephosphorylation buffer [10X containing 0.5 M Tris-HCL (pH 8.5), 1 mM EDTA] in a final volume of 50 ⁇ l at 37°C for 1 hour.
- dephosphorylation buffer [10X containing 0.5 M Tris-HCL (pH 8.5), 1 mM EDTA] in a final volume of 50 ⁇ l at 37°C for 1 hour.
- the enzyme was removed by digestion with proteinase K (100 ⁇ g/ml) in the presence of 0. 5% SDS at 56°C for 30 min.
- the dephosphorylated DNA was purified by phenol/chloroform extraction (Sambrook
- Lambda DASH II replacement vector (Stratagene Inc, 1997) was used to construct the genomic library because it allows cloning of large fragments of genomic DNA. Also the Lambda DASH II system takes advantage of spi (sensitive to P2 inhibition) selection. Lambda phages containing active red and gam genes are unable to grow on host strains that contain P2 phage lysogens (Kretz et. a., 1989, Kretz and Short, 1989, and Kretz et al., 199 1).
- Lambda phages without these genes are able to grow on strains lysogenic for P2 such as XL I -Blue MRA(P2), which is a P2 lysogen of XL I -Blue MRA.
- P2 such as XL I -Blue MRA(P2)
- the red and gam genes are located on the stuffer fragment, therefore, the wild-type Lambda DASH II phage cannot grow on XLI -Blue MRA (P2).
- the sniffer fragment is replaced by an insert, the recombinant Lambda DASH II becomes red/gam negative, and the phage is able to grow on the P lysogenic strain,
- the recombinant Lambda DASH II becomes red/gam negative, and the phage is able to grow on the P lysogenic strain.
- Lambda DASH U/BamHI and Sau3A partial digested genomic DNA share complimentary single-stranded sequence GATC. Ligation of the Barri ⁇ l predigested Lambda DASH II arms (Stratagene) and size selected Sau3 A-cut genomic DNA inserts was achieved by mixing them together at a concentration of DNA that favors the formation of concatenated Lambda DNA. Two ⁇ g of size-selected insert and 1 ⁇ g of Lambda/E ⁇ mHl arms were ligated in the presence of 2 units of T4 ligase and I mM ATP in a final volume of 5 ⁇ l reaction. The ligation reactions were carried out at 4°C for 24 hours.
- Lambda packaging extracts were used for in vitro packaging of recombinant Lambda. Two ⁇ l of the ligation reaction mixture was transferred into 50 ⁇ l of packaging extract and incubated at 22°C for 90 min. SM buffer (500 ⁇ l) and 20 ⁇ l of chloroform were added into the packaged reaction mixture and mixed on a vortex. After a quick spin at 10,000 rpm (to sediment the debris), the supernate was assayed for phage titer.
- phage titer 10 ml of LB broth (containing 0.2% maltose and 10 mM MgS0 4 ) was inoculated with a single colony of bacterial strains of XL I -Blue MRA (P). The cells were incubated overnight at 37°C with shaking. The following day, 500 ⁇ l of overnight cell cultures were transferred into 25 ml of LB broth containing 0.2% maltose and 10 mM MgS04. The cells were incubated at 37°C with vigorous shaking until OD 600 reached approximately 0.8-1.0. Cells were collected by centrifugation at 4,000 rpm at 25 °C for 10 min.
- the cell pellet was re-suspended in 10 mM MgS04 solution to an OD 600 of approximately 0.5.
- Two hundred ⁇ l of diluted cells were mixed with one ⁇ l of serial dilutions (10- 2 , 10- 4 ) of the recombinant library of the packaged phages in Falcon 2059 tubes. The mixtures were incubated at 27°C for 15 min. for phage attachment to the cells.
- Four ml of pre-warmed (48°C) top agarose was added to each tube, mixed well, and poured onto 100 mm bottom agar petri dish. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 5-8 hours until clear plaques were visible.
- ACC synthase cDNA insert pPHacc41 and pPHSacc49
- the bacteria transformed by the plasmid was cultured in LB broth containing 50 ⁇ g/ml Kanamycin overnight.
- the plasmid DNA was extracted by Wizard TM plus minipreps DNA purification system (Promega).
- the plasmid DNA was digested with 10 U of Bam HI and Not I at 37°C for 3 hours to release the cDNA insert.
- the digested DNA was electrophoresed in 1.0% agarose gel in TAE (Tris-Acetate-EDTA) buffer at 60 V for 1 hour.
- the ACC synthase cDNA insert (1945 bp for PHSacc41 and 1878 bp for PHSacc49) in the gel was cut out and extracted from the agarose gel by GenEluteTM Minus EtBr Spin Columns (Supelco) and used to prepare [ 32 P] labeled or digoxigenin-labeled (non-radioactive) probe.
- Non-radioactive labeling was carried out by, using the Genus I DNA labeling kit (Boeringer Mannheim).
- the probes were labeled by using random primed method with digoxigenin-11-ddUTP as described in the instructions manual provided by Boeringer Mannheim. Approximately 3 ⁇ g of extracted ACC synthase cDNA was denatured with boiling water for 10 minutes in the presence 5 ⁇ l of random primers and mixed with 2 ⁇ l of dNTP labeling mix and one ⁇ l of 2 Units/ ⁇ l Klenow DNA polymerase, and sterile H 2 0 was added to a final volume of 20 ⁇ l. The reaction mixture was incubated at 37°C overnight, and 5 ⁇ l of 200 mM EDTA was added to stop the reaction. Then one ⁇ l of 20 mg/ml glycogen solution, 0.
- the phage DNA was denatured by placing filters for 5 min in denaturation solution (1.5 M NaCl, 0.5 M NaOH) and neutralized in 1.5M NaCl -0.5M Tris-HCL (pH 8.0); and finally washed in 2X SSC (0.3 M NaCl, 0.03 M sodium citrate) buffer for 2-5 min.
- the membranes were dried at room temperature for 10 min.
- the transferred DNA was fixed onto the membranes by UN-cross linking (Strategene UV Cross-Linker), followed by incubation in an oven at 80°C for 1 hour.
- the membranes were treated with Rapid-Hyb Buffer (Amersham.) at 60°C for four hours for prehybridization and then hybridization was performed at 60°C overnight in Rapid-Hyb buffer at a probe concentration of ⁇ xlO counts/min/ml of [ 32 P] .
- the membranes were washed in the following manner:
- the Plate Lysate Method (Sambrook et al. 1989) was used to prepare the stock from a single plaque of each of the two recombinant lambda phage clones. Approximately 10 6 bacteriophages were plated on a 150 mm plate and incubated at 37°C overnight. The phages were harvested by overlaying 5 ml of SM buffer onto the plates. The plates were stored at 4°C with gently shaking for 2 hours. The phage solution was collected into sterile polypropylene tubes containing 100 ⁇ l of chloroform. The stock was stored at 4°C.
- the lysed culture was treated with DNAase I and RNAase (1 ⁇ g/ml) at 37°C for one hour; then solid NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000, ICN) were added to a concentration of 1M and 10%), respectively.
- the mixture was allowed to sit on ice for 2 hours (to precipitate the bacteriophage particles).
- the bacteriophage particles in the precipitate were recovered by centrifugation and the pellet re-suspended in 8 ml of SM buffer. It was extracted with an equal volume of chloroform.
- the supernatant (containing the phage) was transferred to a Beckman SW40 tube and the phage particles were recovered by centrifugation at 25,000 rpm for 2 hours at 4°C.
- the phage pellet was re-suspended in 300 ⁇ l of SM.
- the phage DNA was isolated by incubation of the phage suspension with 50 ⁇ g/ml of proteinase K and 0.5% of SDS at 56°C for one hour. The samples were extracted with phenol/chloroform and the phage DNA precipitated in the presence of 0.3 M sodium acetate (pH 7.0) and 2 volumes of 100% ethanol. The DNA pellet was recovered and washed twice with 70% ETOH. It was air-dried and the DNA dissolved in 100 ⁇ l of TE buffer (Sambrook et. al., 1989).
- Southern Transfer Southern blotting was performed by the Alkaline Transfer Method (Amersham). Approximately 2 ⁇ g of recombinant lambda DNA which contains ACC synthase genomic DNA from the clones was digested with 20 unit of the following restriction enzymes, Eco RI, Not I, Sac L Xba I, or Xl%o I, in a final volume of 20 ⁇ l. The digestion mixture were incubated at 37°C overnight. The digested DNA mixture were electrophoreses in 1.0% agarose gel in TAE buffer at 20 V for 1 hour. The gel was soaked twice in 0.25 N HC1 for 10 minutes and then rinsed in distilled water.
- the DNA in the gel was denatured by soaking in 0.5 NNaOH solution containing 1.5 M NaCl for 1 hour.
- the gel was neutralized by soaldng in 0.5 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.0) containing 1.5 M NaCl for 1 hour.
- the DNA in the gel was blotted to a Hybond-N+ (Amersham) membrane by capillary transfer in 10X SSC buffer overnight (Sambrook et al., 1989). After Southern transfer, the membrane was briefly washed with 5 x SSC for 1 minute, and the DNA was fixed by UN light for 120 seconds. Prehybridization and hybridization were performed as described under Primary Screening of Genomic Library.
- the membrane was placed in a plastic bag containing 20 ml of standard prehybridization solution and then incubated was incubated at 65°C for 2 hours.
- the membrane was transferred to hybridization solution containing 20 ng/ml of the Dig-labeled probe in and incubated at 65°C overnight.
- the membrane was washed twice with 2x washing solution, 2 x SSC with 0.1% SDS, for 5 minutes. Finally the membrane was washed twice with 0.1 x SSC containing 0.1% SDS, at 65°C for 15 minutes.
- the membrane was washed with color development buffer 1 (set out below) for 1 minute, and then the membrane was soaked in blocking buffer consisting of development buffer 1 and 2% (w/v) blocking reagent for nucleic acid hybridization for 30 minutes to block the non-specific antibody binding sites on the membrane.
- the membrane was placed anti-DIG-alkali-phosphatase antibody solution diluted 1 :5,000 in Blocking buffer for 30 minutes.
- the membrane was washed twice with 100 ml of color development buffer I and then soaked in 20 ml of color development buffer 2 for 2 minutes.
- the cloned genomic DNA (including geranium ACC synthase gene) on the membrane was visualized by soaking in 10 ml of Color Substrate Solution [45 ⁇ l of 75 mg/ml of nitroblue] tetrazodiurn salt (NBT) in 70% (V/V) dimethylformamide and 35 ⁇ l of 50 mg/ml 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (X-phosphate) toluidium salt in 100%) dimethylformamide in 10 ml of development buffer 2] overnight. The membrane was washed with 50 ml of development buffer 1 for 5 minutes to stop the reaction.
- the sequencing of ACC synthase genomic DNA was performed by the use of [ ⁇ 33 P] labeled dideoxynucletide terminators and the Thermo SequenaseTM DNA polymerase (Fan et al, 1997).
- This method has two main features. First, the four [ 33 P] dideoxynucleotide (ddNTP) terminators (A, C, G, & T) are used to label the properly terminated DNA chains during the elongation of the DNA chains by DNA polymerase. Second, the thermostability of the DNA polymerase is exploited for use in cycle sequencing ( Lee, 1991; Ranu, 1995).
- Thermo-Sequenase DNA polymerase was prepared by mixing 500 ng of template DNA, 10 ⁇ l of 0.2 pmol of primer, 2 ⁇ l of 10X buffer containing 260 mM Tris-HCl (pH 9.5) and 65 mM MgCl 2 , and 2 ⁇ l of 4 U/ ⁇ l Thermo-Sequenase DNA polymerase, and the total volume was adjusted to 20 ⁇ l with sterile H 2 0.
- ddNTP (G, A, T, & C) terminator mixture 2 ⁇ l of dNTPS mixture and 0.5 ⁇ l of one [ ⁇ 33 P] ddNTP were prepared. Then 4.5 ⁇ l of master mixture was added to each ddNTP termination mixture, and it was mixed well. One drop of mineral oil was overlaid on each tube containing reaction mixture. After initial denaturation at 94°C for 3 minutes, 50 cycles of thermocycling were performed at 94°C for 30 seconds, at 4°C lower than the Tm of the primer's for annealing for 30 seconds, and at 72" C for 60 seconds for extension.
- gPHSacc49 Transcription hiitiation Site and Promoter elements DNA sequence data of gPHSacc49 clone confirmed that it contains sequence homologous to sequences obtained from cDNA of PHSacc49. The putative transcription initiation site has been determined by comparing sequences with PHSacc49 cDNA. These results show that the 5'-untranslated region of the gPHSacc49 is 89 nucleotides long and without any intron in the 5 '-untranslated region (Fig. 1). The sequence at position -29 to -24, AATAAT, qualifies as a TATA box (Breathnanch and Chambon, 198 1).
- CAAT box sequence is present further upstream at position -129 to -126 (Fig. 1).
- Detection of regulatory sequences which have been identified as binding sites for conserved DNA binding proteins in other organisms show that the gPHSacc49 promoter contains matching G-box.
- the G-box like sequence located at -167 is similar to the G-box present in many light-, wound-, and ABA-regulated plant promoters (Guiltinan et al., 1990).
- E4 and E8 promoters in tomato are also found in the 5'-flanking region of gPHSacc49.
- the gPHSacc49 promoter site has 52% overall DNA sequence identity with E4 promoter site and also has 53% overall DNA sequence identity with E8 promoter site, and the greatest sequence matching regions were found in this region.
- Two sequences of 11 bp and one sequence of 19 bp 1 regions are conserved in gPHSacc49 and E8 promoter sites (Lincoln and Fischer 1988, and Deikman and Fischer, 1988).
- the elements identified in sequence upstream of the transcription initiation of gPHSacc 49 are consistent with promoter elements found in eukaryotic/plant promoters; some of these elements may represent ethylene regulatory elements.
- NZY Broth 5 g NaCl 2 g MgSO-7H20 5 g Yeast Extract lOg NZ Arnine (casein hydrolysate) Dissolved in dH20 Adjusted pH to 7.5 with 5 N NaOH 5 Added dH 2 0 to a final volume of 1 ,000 ml
- NZY Top Agar 10 0.7% agar in NZY broth
- the basic concepts of the present 25 invention may be embodied in a variety of ways. It involves both gene promoter DNA sequences as well as techniques of regulating genes in plants.
- the techniques for the regulation of genes are disclosed as part of the results shown to be achieved by the use of the DNA promoter sequences as described, or portions thereof, and as steps which are inherent to their utilization. They are simply the natural result of utilizing the DNA promoter sequences as intended and described.
- DNA promoter sequences are disclosed, it should be understood that these not only accomplish certain methods but also can be varied in a number of ways. Importantly, as to all of the foregoing, all of these facets should be understood to be encompassed by this disclosure.
- ASC4 a Primary Indoleacetic Acid-responsive Gene Encoding 1-Aminocyclopropane-l- carboxylate Synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana", Vol 270, 32:19093-19099 (1995)
- Kionka, C, et al " The enzymatic Malonylation of 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylic Acid in Homogenates of mung bena hypocotyls", Planta 162: 226-235, (1984)
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2001259688A AU2001259688A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | Plant promoter |
MXPA02010976A MXPA02010976A (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | Plant promoter. |
EP01933250A EP1290009A4 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | Plant promoter |
US10/275,802 US20040101841A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | Plant promoter |
CA002409505A CA2409505A1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2001-05-09 | Plant promoter |
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US20302100P | 2000-05-09 | 2000-05-09 | |
US60/203,021 | 2000-05-09 | ||
US23978200P | 2000-10-12 | 2000-10-12 | |
US60/239,782 | 2000-10-12 |
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EP (1) | EP1290009A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001259688A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2409505A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA02010976A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001085754A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998014465A1 (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-04-09 | Colorado State University, Through Its Agent Colorado State University Research Foundation | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes from pelargonium and rosa to control ethylene levels in geraniums and roses |
-
2001
- 2001-05-09 MX MXPA02010976A patent/MXPA02010976A/en unknown
- 2001-05-09 CA CA002409505A patent/CA2409505A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-09 EP EP01933250A patent/EP1290009A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-09 WO PCT/US2001/015023 patent/WO2001085754A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-05-09 AU AU2001259688A patent/AU2001259688A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998014465A1 (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-04-09 | Colorado State University, Through Its Agent Colorado State University Research Foundation | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes from pelargonium and rosa to control ethylene levels in geraniums and roses |
US5824875A (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1998-10-20 | Colorado State University Through Its Agent Colorado State University Research Foundation | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase genes from pelargonium |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
DATABASE GENBANK [online] 22 September 1997 (1997-09-22), CLARK D.G.: "Pelargonium hortorum 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxlate synthase (GACS2)mRNA, complete cds", XP002945671, Database accession no. U88971 * |
DATABASE GENBANK [online] 29 September 1999 (1999-09-29), RANU R.S.: "Sequence 3 from patens US 5824875", XP002945670, Database accession no. U88971 * |
See also references of EP1290009A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MXPA02010976A (en) | 2004-09-06 |
EP1290009A4 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
CA2409505A1 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
AU2001259688A1 (en) | 2001-11-20 |
EP1290009A1 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
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