WO2001073357A1 - Procede de chauffage et de regulation immediate de la climatisation dans des pieces separees d'un batiment au moyen d'une technique de climatisation equipee d'une intelligence integree - Google Patents

Procede de chauffage et de regulation immediate de la climatisation dans des pieces separees d'un batiment au moyen d'une technique de climatisation equipee d'une intelligence integree Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001073357A1
WO2001073357A1 PCT/SE2001/000295 SE0100295W WO0173357A1 WO 2001073357 A1 WO2001073357 A1 WO 2001073357A1 SE 0100295 W SE0100295 W SE 0100295W WO 0173357 A1 WO0173357 A1 WO 0173357A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
room
climate
heating
building
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2001/000295
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Göran BERNHARDSSON
Georg Pfeiffer
Original Assignee
Pluggit International N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pluggit International N.V. filed Critical Pluggit International N.V.
Priority to AU2001234286A priority Critical patent/AU2001234286A1/en
Publication of WO2001073357A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001073357A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1902—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value
    • G05D23/1904—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the use of a variable reference value variable in time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for heating and direct control of the climate in individual rooms in a building affording the same level of comfort for a lower energy consumption.
  • the system used for this purpose has a capacity to adjust to a number of parameters and to the occupants' requirements and perceptions of comfort, which means that the system possesses a certain form of intelligence.
  • the Laplanders' tents can be quickly erected and an open fire provides a tolerable indoor climate in just a few minutes.
  • the starting point for the invention is the fact that we have nowadays developed sluggish energy systems, which are obliged to heat dwellings even when we are not using them.
  • the awareness that more than a third of the world's CO 2 emissions originate from residential heating and that we perhaps only utilise the heat in our dwellings for a third of the day has led to the invention.
  • Human beings experience a sense of well-being and comfort indoors when they are in a state of equilibrium with the room/environment and can give of their radiated heat in a natural way, that is say through radiation from the skin to sur- rounding objects, through thermal convection to the air, and also, to a greater or lesser degree, though giving off heat by sweating (evaporation).
  • the range in which the feeling of comfort occurs is relatively narrow with regard both to temperature, humidity and air speed.
  • a human being's clothing obviously also contributes both to a feeling of comfort and a somewhat lower indoor temperature.
  • a seated, unclothed human feels comfortable at a temperature of about 27°C.
  • 0.05 to 0.10 m/s are normal and comfortable air flow rates, and natural convection from the chin to the forehead creates an air rate of flow of approximately 0.15 m/s over a "normally warm" face at room temperature.
  • the perception of comfort indoors naturally also has to do with what activity a person is engaged in.
  • a physical activity creates additional heat, which increases the skin temperature and while ever the activity is going on there is no need for the temperature in the room to be as high as in the case of non-physical activity.
  • the present invention has emerged from the way in which the modern family uses its dwelling, and utilises in certain respects "primitive" technology, which permits rapid air heating with only short periods of non-maximum comfort.
  • the system according to the invention uses a modern, relatively simple microprocessor automatic control system and is aimed at saving energy through non-heating of dwellings. According to the invention, therefore, the lowest basic or standby temperature is selected that is consistent with how quickly the user wants the room to heat up, which naturally results in a lower wall temperature and an essentially lower transmission loss through the wall, and a reduced energy consumption for heating up through-flow ventilation air.
  • the main object of the present invention is to save energy in connection with the heating of existing dwellings. According to the invention this is achieved in several stages and is described in more detail in the claims attached.
  • the advantage of a reduced forward conduction temperature is that the transmission losses are substantially lower compared to conventional systems with a constantly high forward conduction temperature.
  • a further reduction in energy consumption can be achieved in that the system can provide exceptionally clear information not only on the current cost of heating but also on the cost saving - even on an annual basis - that can be achieved by heating on demand only those rooms that are in use, or are immediately about to be used. Clear information regarding the use and the saving in cash terms of an at least occasionally low initial temperature in a room that is brought into use probably increases both the understanding and the motivation for the residents to accept and to put up with this rapidly changing condition.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce a system, which makes it possible by simple means and with little interference to the existing structure to select a low standby temperature and to obtain an efficient heating by the use of a very quick-reacting heating plant.
  • This plant is capable of functioning with moderate output transfers between heat-emitting surfaces and the ambient air in order to meet transmission losses, but also with large heat outputs for rapid heating of spaces that are about to be used.
  • a further object of the invention is to specify a system that can be used in existing older houses, in which the heating system was originally designed for a high forward conduction temperature, and for the replacement of radiators located underneath windows. These houses are normally difficult to convert to the use of alternative en- ergy sources, which in many cases give a lower conduction temperature.
  • Using the present invention makes it possible to utilise solar heating technology, for example, with lower conduction temperatures, which also reduces the transmission losses for these older houses, which often have the pipe ducting in outer walls.
  • the system according to the present invention is therefore intended for use primarily in existing buildings in the form of detached houses, apartment blocks and offices.
  • the energy saving normally ascribed to a heating demand control in a modern, well- insulated small house with triple glazed windows and with energy recovery from the ventilation air is in the order of 20-30%.
  • intelli- gent facility for predicting and partially storing energy in a separate part of the building, as well as in a conventional storage unit, only when the energy cost is advantageously low, and where this moreover fits in with the user's daily routine, a cost saving of up to a further 20% can be achieved compared to a climate control system with no storage capacity.
  • This storage can be accomplished in various ways. Stone or brick-built houses with masonry partition walls between rooms can then be heated to an excess temperature that benefits the remainder of the apartment/house for a longer period. How this variant of the invention is to be applied largely depends on the room layout/design and the existing structural fabric.
  • the main advantage of the invention will lie primarily in heat- ing demand control and relatively low forward conduction temperatures without the need for major interference with the structural fabric.
  • Separate units (individually installable in the climate control system, possibly for each room module) with an energy storage capacity can be used to rapidly provide large heat outputs for a limited period.
  • These may have a balanced mass composed of ceramic, perforated elements provided with electrical heating coils (resistance heating) and in which air can be made to pass through the holes in the high output position when a room unit is being brought into use.
  • electrical heating coils resistance heating
  • microwave systems can also be used for forced heating of the room and/or ventilation fresh air.
  • the invention could have beneficial advantages in a building with light, non-energy inert structural elements, that is to say a building in which the wall, floor and ceiling surfaces of the room modules have a low energy absorption capacity and in which the surface layers can rapidly assume an increased temperature when the room is to be heated.
  • the invention will thus make it possible to increase the temperature rapidly in one or more room modules (where necessary, in order of priority) with the aim of saving energy, and to effectively maintain a (usually constant) desired comfort level when the room module is in use.
  • Implementation of the invention assumes a system that permits an extremely rapid temperature change by delivering instantaneously high heat outputs.
  • an inexpensive and efficient gas burner may be arranged for instantaneous high energy increases with a view to increasing the temperature markedly in a short time in one or more room units. This can be done in a predetermined order of priority.
  • This forced heating can advantageously be generated with an extremely high circulating air out- put, even in excess of a normally acceptable noise level, especially where the heating must take place immediately before the residents return home or before employees arrive at work.
  • Input data regarding variable parameters can be supplied by way of the GSM or GPS network, and/or via internet connection, which affords great flexibility in controlling the indoor climate according to extremely up-to-date demand profiles and price conditions.
  • the forced-air circulation over the temperature-regulating units can advantageously be achieved by using the ventilation air as propelling medium to also entrain room air through the units in order to heat it up.
  • the ventilation air can be drawn in directly from outside in close proximity to an air heater, for example adjacent to a window where an earlier conventional radia- tor was located, and which is now being replaced by an air heater according to the invention. If outgoing air is at the same time delivered in connection with the said air intake, the energy in the outgoing air can be suitably transferred to the admission air by way of a heat exchanger
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of a conventional heating control with nighttime reduction, outdoor sensor and automatic shunt circuit.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram for a heating control according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the network used by an installation according to the present invention for intelligent and efficient demand-controlled utilisation of energy.
  • the formula 3 can be handled in cost-effective microprocessors, which is a basic prerequisite for marketing of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a conventional heating control with nighttime reduction, outdoor sensor and automatic shunt circuit. Here the wall temperature will approximate closely to the comfortable air temperature and a nighttime reduction will only have a marginal effect on the wall temperature.
  • Fig. 2 shows a diagram in a heating control according to the invention, that is to say where the wall temperature and the room temperature normally have a considerably lower value and where the increases in room air temperature increase the wall temperature only marginally.
  • the daily, weekly, monthly and/or yearly habits of those using the room can be learned by the system through the creation of algorithms or the control scheme that most efficiently regulates the room climate according to actual demand and accepted costs.
  • the system can help to reveal defects in insulation, ventilation and sealing and even suggest where supplementary insulation, ventilation outlets etc. should provide the greatest financial benefit.
  • An application of the invention involves registering a geographical position for certain residents/room users, for example via a GPS system, so that any deviation from the daily or weekly heating and ventilation scheme can be identified by the system, which then does not increase the temperature in any room module or modules, should the room user or users be in a geographically remote location and do not have a feasible way of returning to the normally scheduled use of the room. Should other persons use these room units, the system obviously needs to be informed of this, for example by telephone or SMS communication or the like to the system central control unit.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the network used by an installation according to the present invention for intelligent and efficient demand-controlled utilisation of energy.
  • a - C denoting the intelligent radiators in each room.
  • D denotes the intelligent communications unit in the house. This controls the radiators in order of priority and hence the optimisation strategy for the house. It also handles the external communication. It has many functions besides energy optimisation.
  • E denotes the opera- tor's server to which the house is connected, and F to I represent the services and utilities that energy companies, among others, supply to the house. Since the cost of energy can fluctuate markedly over time, the system according to the present invention can also control the switching on and off of energy storage devices.
  • One possibility afforded by the system according to the invention is to allow room users themselves to determine what deviations in temperature are to be tolerated and in what length of time a desired temperature adjustment is to be accomplished.
  • a direct link to the current energy cost makes it possible, with the information available to the system and the parameter constellation of the building or space for various operating and climatic conditions, to get an idea, by way of a display for example, of what the cost of a rapid adjustment is compared to a slower temperature control, or what a 1 °C temperature reduction in a room saves or costs on a monthly or annual basis. Even though the system according to the invention is normally very swift to react to temperature changes occurring, the room user is generally unaware of the cost implication.
  • the invention can also form a platform for the integration of additional functions, such as humidity monitoring, C0 2 level, fragrance generation, aerosol medication, air filtering, etc.
  • the invention thus relates to a system that generally reduces losses in connection with the heating of existing dwellings and offices by permitting rapid increases in temperature in a short time. When this is accomplished together with reduced forward conduction temperatures in a heat-emitting medium, the transmission losses in the actual infrastructure are also low. The fact that low forward conduction temperatures can be used makes it possible to convert the heat generation to alternative energy sources producing less C0 2 .
  • the units of the climate control system can be installed or more freely located in the room or building, and may even form part of the building's load- bearing or surface-covering structure or furnishing offers great scope for integration of the system into existing buildings or premises.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un arrangement destinés à sensiblement réduire les pertes de transmission de chaleur par l'intermédiaire d'un chauffage rapide de pièces individuelles dans un bâtiment à l'aide d'un système de régulation de climatisation programmable, tout en satisfaisant à un ensemble d'exigences de confort. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que le chauffage est effectué avec une telle rapidité et une telle maîtrise que les exigences de confort des utilisateurs de la pièce sont satisfaites, et la température de surface interne de la paroi extérieure des pièces se situe autour d'une température moyenne sensiblement inférieure à celle des systèmes de chauffage classiques.
PCT/SE2001/000295 2000-03-27 2001-02-13 Procede de chauffage et de regulation immediate de la climatisation dans des pieces separees d'un batiment au moyen d'une technique de climatisation equipee d'une intelligence integree WO2001073357A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001234286A AU2001234286A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2001-02-13 Method for heating and for an immediate control of the climate in separate roomsof a building by using a climating technique having a built intelligence

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0001092A SE0001092D0 (sv) 2000-03-27 2000-03-27 Förfarande och anordning för behovsstyrd, omedelbar reglering av klimatet i enskilda rum i en byggnad med hjälp av ett programmerbart klimatsystem
SE0001092-6 2000-03-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001073357A1 true WO2001073357A1 (fr) 2001-10-04

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PCT/SE2001/000295 WO2001073357A1 (fr) 2000-03-27 2001-02-13 Procede de chauffage et de regulation immediate de la climatisation dans des pieces separees d'un batiment au moyen d'une technique de climatisation equipee d'une intelligence integree

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU2001234286A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE0001092D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001073357A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107166503A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-15 浙江品太电气有限公司 浴霸智能控制系统

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0006363A1 (fr) * 1978-06-19 1980-01-09 BICC Limited Container pour bobines
GB2068601A (en) * 1980-02-04 1981-08-12 Landis & Gyr Ag Heating systems
US5046549A (en) * 1987-07-02 1991-09-10 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Separate air-conditioner
EP0455509A1 (fr) * 1990-05-03 1991-11-06 Honeywell Inc. Système de contrôle de confort et méthode tenant compte de la température radiante
US5153822A (en) * 1988-11-21 1992-10-06 Mycom Kabushiki Kaisha Programmable logic circuit with delayed input and feeback
GB2254447A (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-10-07 Norm Pacific Automat Corp Interior atmosphere control system.
US5395042A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-03-07 Smart Systems International Apparatus and method for automatic climate control
US5491649A (en) * 1993-10-29 1996-02-13 Carrier Corporation Configurative control for HVAC systems
DE19600694A1 (de) * 1996-01-10 1997-07-24 Thomas Nitsche Klimaregelungssystem
DE19855056A1 (de) * 1998-11-28 2000-05-31 Auma Tec Ausbau Umwelt Und Anl Intelligentes Gerätesystem für die Lüftung von Einzelräumen

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0006363A1 (fr) * 1978-06-19 1980-01-09 BICC Limited Container pour bobines
GB2068601A (en) * 1980-02-04 1981-08-12 Landis & Gyr Ag Heating systems
US5046549A (en) * 1987-07-02 1991-09-10 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Separate air-conditioner
US5153822A (en) * 1988-11-21 1992-10-06 Mycom Kabushiki Kaisha Programmable logic circuit with delayed input and feeback
EP0455509A1 (fr) * 1990-05-03 1991-11-06 Honeywell Inc. Système de contrôle de confort et méthode tenant compte de la température radiante
GB2254447A (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-10-07 Norm Pacific Automat Corp Interior atmosphere control system.
US5491649A (en) * 1993-10-29 1996-02-13 Carrier Corporation Configurative control for HVAC systems
US5395042A (en) * 1994-02-17 1995-03-07 Smart Systems International Apparatus and method for automatic climate control
DE19600694A1 (de) * 1996-01-10 1997-07-24 Thomas Nitsche Klimaregelungssystem
DE19855056A1 (de) * 1998-11-28 2000-05-31 Auma Tec Ausbau Umwelt Und Anl Intelligentes Gerätesystem für die Lüftung von Einzelräumen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107166503A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-15 浙江品太电气有限公司 浴霸智能控制系统

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Publication number Publication date
SE0001092D0 (sv) 2000-03-27
AU2001234286A1 (en) 2001-10-08

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