WO2001070053A1

WO2001070053A1 - Filter member for cigarette

Info

Publication number: WO2001070053A1
Application number: PCT/CN2001/000334
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ande Liu
Original assignee: Centre Of Biological Products And Immunity Tech. Application And Research Dandong
Priority date: 2000-03-18
Filing date: 2001-03-19
Publication date: 2001-09-27
Also published as: CN1418065A; AU2001250245A1; CN1202761C; CN1314116A

Abstract

The present invention provides a filter member for cigarette, which comprises a filter bar including fiber bundles, an inner wind paper for wrapping the filter bar, and outer pre-filter paper surrounded on the inner wind paper. The present invention is characterized in that the filter bar consists of the fiber bundles of chitin and derivatives thereof. The filter member does not only improve the effect of filtering harmful substance in tobacco smoke, but also holds flavor of the cigarette, and meeting with requirements to tobacco industry for environment protection.

Description

Cigarette filter Field of the invention

The invention relates to a cigarette filter tip made of a fiber tow filter rod. Background technique

The cigarette filter tip is composed of a filter rod for filtering harmful substances in human body in smoke, and a paper roll, a tipping paper, and the like for wrapping the filter rod. In the prior art, a fiber tow filter rod is mainly made of a diacetate fiber tow or a polypropylene fiber tow material. Its filtering effect depends on their chemical molecular structure and the physico-chemical properties of organic compounds. Among them, the disadvantages of the acetate fiber tow filter rod are: The acetate fiber tow filter material, due to the lack of active groups, contains a partially polar structure that can only be used to compare the polarity of oxygen atoms in the smoke compound. Strong substances, such as aldehydes and lactones in carboxyl compounds, and heterocyclic compounds such as furans and phenols have a certain affinity and have a certain selective filtering effect; and carbon free radicals that are harmful to the human body in smoke products Aromatic hydrocarbons and propylene weakly polar compounds and trace metal elements have low adsorption capacity, and the cutoff rate for the most harmful tar is about 35%; acetate fiber tow filter material has a negative charge, and many of the smoke The particles are also negatively charged. There are about 2 X 10 ⁹ negatively charged particles per litre of smoke. Due to the repulsion of the same charge, this filter mainly mechanically blocks and diffuses and traps the particulate phase in the smoke. Substance; its raw material is wood, without fibril, and its filtering performance is limited; acetate fiber tow filter material is easy to absorb tobacco moisture and flavors and moldy and moldy. Polypropylene fiber tow filter material is a high molecular weight saturated alkane compound, a stable compound without any negatively charged groups. Due to the stable molecular structure, its physical and chemical properties are inert, and its molecular structure is extremely inactive; it contains hydrophobic groups It is a non-polar structure and does not have a polar structure with a high affinity for polar smoke components, so it has a low filtration rate for polar molecules in the smoke; it lacks the ability to selectively filter the polar components of the smoke, and the pressure drop The change does not affect the Selective filtering of sexual components; Poor filtration performance of low-boiling and low-pungent pungent odor-smelling substances in cigarette odors; pungent pungent-mingling odor; Polypropylene fiber tow is not suitable for making filter rods Plasticizer and curing agent, so using organic solvent-based adhesives, not only slow curing speed, easy to stick adhesive on the wire feed roller, but also make the filter rod smell of solvents; polypropylene fiber tow strength ambassador cutting blades and molding equipment Severe wear and tear, unsuitable for high-speed molding machines, low equipment efficiency, resulting in increased man-hours and energy consumption; low hardness of polypropylene tow filter rods, resulting in low fitting rates, increased defectives, and increased costs.

Harmful substances in cigarette smoke are closely related to diseases of tissues and organs such as breathing, digestion, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and endocrine system. Heavy smoking can easily oxidize low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood, and lead to an increase in the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) in the blood, resulting in hypoxic damage to the vascular endothelium; cigarette contains a glycoprotein that can activate clotting factor XII And some mutagenic substances, the latter can cause the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the lining of blood vessels. Smoking can increase platelet aggregation and increase catecholamine levels in the blood, but reduce levels of unsaturated fatty acids and high-density lipoproteins. These all contribute to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Summary of invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cigarette filter which has a good filtering effect on harmful substances in smoke and can satisfy the taste of cigarettes, so as to reduce the toxicity to smokers.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a method of replacing a diacetate fiber tow filter rod and a polypropylene fiber tow filter rod in the prior art by using a filter rod prepared by using chitin and its derivative fiber tow. That is, a cigarette filter tip composed of a tow filter rod for intercepting harmful substances in the flue gas and an inner layer of paper used for wrapping the tow filter rod and an outer layer of cork paper wrapped on the paper. It is characterized in that the filter rod is made of tow of chitin and its derivative fibers.

Chitin is also called chitin. Chitin is a 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-P-D-glucopyranobinary linear copolymer that is linked by 1, 4 glycosidic bonds. It is widely found in the cell walls of microorganisms, yeasts, mushrooms, insect epidermis, shells and other software Animal bones. Especially bad, crab crustaceans are rich in 25-35% chitin. Chitosan is a product of chitin deacetylation. Chitin and chitosan molecules contain ether bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, acetyl groups, etc., and can perform multifunctional chemical reactions. Large molecular weight, variable coordination number, can form a series of derivatives with different properties such as metal complexes, polymer ion complexes, and affinity complexes. Chitin, chitosan and its derivatives are the only cationic animal celluloses discovered to date. Chitin has already existed in the form of microfibers in biological living tissues and is embedded in the protein matrix. Due to the strong hydrogen bonding between the chitin molecules, the molecules easily form compact molecular beams, which makes them have a good tendency to dry and has spinnability. At present, the methods for preparing chitin and its derivative fibers include sulfonation method, halogen-containing solvent method and amide-lithium chloride method, etc., manufacturing chitosan fibers, chitin / chitosan lipid fibers, chitin ether fibers, etc. Can be used to make tow filter rods for cigarette filters.

The advantage of the present invention is that the chitin and its derivative fiber tow filter material has a polar structure containing a variety of active groups, wherein the types of active groups are more amino and acetyl than cellulose diacetate, and the number of hydroxyl groups There are also many of these active groups, which have a high affinity for polar molecules in smoke, and have a high cut-off rate for polar substances in smoke. For example, the cut-off rate of tar is more than 50%; The material molecule contains a large amount of free -H ₂ and -H ₂ is -OH in the ortho position, which can form a complex with metal ions through hydrogen bonding or salt bonding to trap and remove harmful metal ions in the flue gas; The molecular structure of this filter material can be modified by a variety of molecules, such as carboxymethylation, acylation, alkylation, sulfuric acid and phosphate esterification, grafting and crosslinking. Therefore, the modified product has a wide selective filtering effect on harmful substances in the smoke, and traps and removes aromatic hydrocarbons such as carbon free radicals which are harmful to the human body, and weakly polar compounds of propylene in the burning products; The only cationic animal cellulose discovered so far, with a positive charge, can adsorb a large amount of negatively charged particulate matter in the smoke, have mechanical barriers to harmful substances in the smoke, diffuse deposition, adsorption, absorption, penetration, selection Multiple filtration effects such as sexual filtration; When chitin is pyrolyzed at high temperature, it will produce some flavoring substances, such as pyridine, which increase the natural flavor of cigarettes and act as a flavor supplement; This filter material can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms, prevent the filter from absorbing tobacco moisture and flavors and cause mildew, and maintain the pure flavor of cigarettes during smoking; it can adsorb the pigment substances in the smell of cigarettes and reduce the toxicity of pigments to the human body Smoking promotes the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in plasma and increases the concentrations of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglyceride (TG), which leads to abnormal fat metabolism and atherosclerosis. The chitin and its derivative fiber tow filter material can effectively adsorb the harmful substances that cause LDL oxidation in the flue gas and increase VLDL and TG, which are 50% higher than the adsorption and retention of the substances that cause plasma LDL oxidation in the fiber tow filter material. -80%, 70-150% higher adsorption and retention of substances that increase plasma VLDL, 50-100% higher adsorption and retention of substances that increase plasma TG, thereby effectively preventing smoking from atherosclerosis and Cardio-cerebral-vascular diseases that occur; This filter material can improve the interception of low-boiling organic compounds in smoke, can greatly eliminate and reduce ciliary obstructing substances, adsorb radioactive materials in smoke, and improve the degree of gasification and affinity; The selective filtration of this filter material has a significant change with the change of its pressure drop. The chitin and its derivative fiber tow filters with high pressure drop, the increase of the amount of filter material in the radius volume makes the The number of active filter points is increased, and these active filter points can interact with semi-volatile polar substances in the flue gas to improve the selective filtering efficiency; in nature, rivers, rivers, lakes, seas, and land animals and plants There are chitinase, chitosanase, and lysozyme everywhere, which can completely biodegrade chitin and chitosan, participate in the carbon-nitrogen biological system cycle, and waste can be completely decomposed without causing environmental pollution. It is abundant in nature and widely distributed. It is a renewable resource that can be proliferated. Because of its wide source and low cost, it is used to replace acetate fiber, which can reduce the use of wood, protect the earth ’s vegetation, reduce the import of raw materials, and save foreign exchange. In short, chitin and its derivative fiber tow filter cigarette filters are more effective than the existing acetate fiber tow filter and polypropylene fiber tow filter in selectively removing certain harmful substances related to health problems. While reducing the content of harmful substances such as tar, it can also meet the requirements of cigarette taste, and its waste can be quickly decomposed in the natural environment, which meets the requirements of environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following drawings describe embodiments of the invention

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention

Figure 2 and Figure 3 are schematic diagrams of the cross-sectional structure of the monofilament of the fiber tow filter material

Figure 4 shows the structure of the composite filter

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The cigarette filter according to the present invention has the same structure as the existing cigarette filter, and is composed of a tow filter rod 1, a disc paper 2, a tipping paper 3, and the like. The main feature of the present invention is to use chitin and its derivative fiber tow as a material for manufacturing a wire speed filter rod. A large number of studies have shown that chitin and its derivatives are the best materials for making cigarette filter rods. Whether it is the filtering effect on harmful substances, the taste of suction, environmental protection and economic benefits, it is significantly better than the existing diacetate fiber tow and polypropylene fiber tow, and the manufacturing process is the existing textile industry and tobacco Industry-wide process technology. The process of tow of chitin and its derivative fiber is: The commercially available chitin and its derivative are formulated into a spinning slurry with a concentration of 2-10%. After filtration and vacuum bubble treatment, it is transported to the spinning by a metering pump. The silk cap is extruded, and the extruded tow enters the coagulation liquid, and is stretched, coagulated, and curled. For the chitin and its derivative fiber products currently available on the market, the monofilament cross-section design is only circular. In order to manufacture cigarette filters, the spinning cap is designed so that the monofilament cross-section is semi-circular, square, rectangular, triangular, Pentagonal, hexagonal, trapezoidal, triangular fan, etc. to increase the surface area and improve the filtering effect. The diameter of the spinning cap is 50-600 microns, the number of holes is 60-1000, the micro-holes of the three-leaf spinneret have a leaf width of 5-200 microns, a leaf length of 30-600 microns, and an aspect ratio of 3-4 is appropriate. The monofilament fineness is 0.5 to 5 dtex, and the dry strength is 1. 0 to 3. 0 CN / dtex. Monofilament linear density 1. 67- 11. lldtex, the best use range is 2. 22-8. 89dtex. The bus density is 2. 78- 6. 67ktex, and the commonly used tow range is 3. 3-4. 44Ktex. The number of curls is 10-50 pieces / 25 paintings, and the best number of curls is 18-25 pieces / 25mm. Use a crimping machine to make the tow form a wave crimp and make the tow form a network structure between the monofilaments. The crimp can make each monofilament to form an intertwined tow, which is easy to gather together. When the filter rod is formed, the fiber tow can be kept close to the axial direction in the filter rod, which can increase the pressure drop and make the filter full and solid. The tow extruded from the spinning cap is solidified, crimped, and dried, and then sent to a baler for packing, which can be used in the manufacture of filter rods in the tobacco industry. The manufacturing process of the tow filter rod is: opening the chitosan and its derivative fiber tow by a fiber tow processor, so that the fiber tow is oriented and spread, so that each fiber maintains a proper crimp to achieve A large degree of looseness; then a plasticizer is applied. The plasticizer is a fiber dissolving binder, which uses a lithium chloride-acetamide-acetic acid mixed solution in an amount of 5-20% of the total tow. Chitin and its derivative fibers dissolve and bond to become plastic. It is sent to the molding machine for molding, and the inner layer of wrapping paper, that is, the disc paper, is bonded and cut into a tow filter rod with a disc paper layer. Finally, roll the tow filter rod with a paper roll on a cigarette maker with a loose paper 3. Roll the bag, and at the same time, butt it with the tobacco part covered with breathable paper to form a whole. Examples

As an embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the monofilament of the tow of chitin and its derivative fibers is a trilobal structure, as shown in FIG. 2. Among the various cross-sectional shapes exemplified above, the surface area of the tow of the circular cross section is the smallest, and the surface area of the tow of the triangular cross section is the largest. Under the same conditions, the surface area of the latter is more than 50% larger than the former. The surface area of the fiber tow with a trilobal structure is more than 50% larger than that of the triangle with a cross-section, which can greatly increase the surface area of the fiber tow, improve the filtering effect, increase the strength of the fiber tow, and save raw materials. lower the cost.

In order to further enlarge the surface area of the fiber tow filter rod, in this embodiment, the side line of the cross section of the trilobal monofilament is made into a convex-concave gear shape or a zigzag structure as shown in FIG. 3. In this way, a lot of uneven wrinkles are added on the surface of the fiber monofilament, which increases the surface area, and the surface area is more than 50% larger than the trilobal shape. The shape of the cross-section of the monofilament can also be designed to be round, R-shaped, Y-shaped, X-shaped, I-shaped, C-shaped, etc., but they are not as good as trilobal shapes.

This embodiment is a composite cigarette filter. Numerous tests have proved that chitin fiber The composite tow filter rods are combined with different types of chitin derivative fiber tow filter rods, chitin and its derivative fiber tow filter rods, activated carbon filter rods, acetate fiber tow filter rods, Polypropylene fiber tow filter rods and other filter materials with different functions are combined into a composite cigarette filter, which exerts the characteristics of various filter materials, plays a role of complementing each other, and can obtain good results. The following is a composite cigarette filter composed of chitin and its derivative fiber tow filter rod 1 and activated carbon filter rod 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the activated carbon filter rod 4 is placed between the tow filter rod 1 and cigarette tobacco 5. , And roll them into one with a tipping paper 3. Activated carbon has a good filtering effect on the harmful components in the flue gas, especially it has a good filtering effect on the vapor phase substances, thereby improving the filter effect.

Claims

Rights request

1. A cigarette filter tip comprising a tow filter rod (1) for filtering harmful substances in human body from smoke, and an inner disc paper (2) and a roll package for wrapping the tow filter rod (1) The outer layer of tip paper (3) on the disc paper (2) is composed of the tow filter rod (1) made of tow of chitin and its derivative fibers.

2. The cigarette filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the monofilament of the chitin and its derivative fiber tow constituting the filter rod (1) is a trilobal structure.

3- The cigarette filter according to claim 2, characterized in that the side line of the cross section of the trilobal monofilament is made into a convex-concave gear shape or a zigzag structure.

4. The cigarette filter according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the tow filter rod (1) and the activated carbon filter rod (4) are combined to form a composite cigarette filter, and the activated carbon filter rod (4) is placed The tow filter rod (1) and the cigarette and tobacco are wrapped into a whole through a tipping paper (3)-