WO2001070012A1 - Procede et dispositif de regulation d'energie rayonnee - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de regulation d'energie rayonnee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001070012A1
WO2001070012A1 PCT/NO2001/000127 NO0100127W WO0170012A1 WO 2001070012 A1 WO2001070012 A1 WO 2001070012A1 NO 0100127 W NO0100127 W NO 0100127W WO 0170012 A1 WO0170012 A1 WO 0170012A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
membrane
upper layer
earth
liquid
solid surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2001/000127
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lise Johnsen
Torfinn Johnsen
Original Assignee
Lise Johnsen
Torfinn Johnsen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NO20001533A external-priority patent/NO20001533D0/no
Application filed by Lise Johnsen, Torfinn Johnsen filed Critical Lise Johnsen
Priority to AU2001252773A priority Critical patent/AU2001252773A1/en
Publication of WO2001070012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001070012A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for regulating albedo in an upper layer of a solid surface on the earth in order to influence thermal and biological factors such as surface temperature and cultivation properties, there being applied to the surface a liquid which sets to form a biodegradable membrane.
  • the membrane's content of light-reflecting pigments/particles and/or light-absorbing pigments/particles is adjusted on the basis of the maximum energy radiation which is conveyed to the solid surface on the earth to which the liquid is applied, based on measurements of the local conditions.
  • albedo in this context means the ratio of the energy radiation reflected by an object or surface to the energy radiation it receives.
  • Energy radiation refers to all types of radiation striking the surface of the earth such as radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X- rays, gamma rays and cosmic rays.
  • the earth will receive most of the energy radiation from the sun in the form of infrared rays, visible light and ultraviolet rays in the form of UVA and UVB rays and this energy radiation is called radiation or light in the patent application, and it is this part of the energy radiation which is measured.
  • a number of different films and coatings are known for use in agriculture as a covering for surfaces such as fields, in order to obtain special conditions for plant growth. Best known are various types of dark plastic films as covers, in order to obtain higher temperatures in the earth under the film and thereby an increased crop yield.
  • a plastic film for use in agriculture. It is produced from polymer materials such as polyethylene and supplied in specific widths, consisting of longitudinal strips of clear plastic, white or silver-coloured plastic and dark plastic.
  • the film is usually constructed with a longitudinal strip of clear or white plastic in the centre and with strips of dark plastic on both sides.
  • the object of such a film is that the temperature in a furrow or a bed covered by the film should be higher along the edges and lower in the central portion which covers the plants. A temperature difference is thereby obtained between these areas and increased circulation of moisture, thus causing harmful salts to travel to the edges, thereby preventing weed growth there.
  • the plastic film however, is not biodegradable and has to be removed manually and replaced every planting season.
  • a mat which is placed on the earth round the stem of plants.
  • the mat consists of fibrous thermoplastic materials which are woven together and supplied in specific widths and lengths.
  • the mat is covered by a layer of aluminium pigments in the form of flakes.
  • the object of the mat is that the aluminium flakes will reflect sunlight on to the underside of the leaves of the plants in order thereby to increase growth and crop yield.
  • the mat does not allow sunlight to pass through and will therefore reduce the temperature variations round the roots of the plants.
  • the mat consists of materials which do not decompose, thus enabling them to be used over several planting seasons.
  • US 3 775 147 describes a white membrane which can be applied to the earth by spraying.
  • the membrane consists of white pigments, a binder and with water as a solvent.
  • the object of the membrane is to keep the temperature in the earth lower during the germination of plants in order thereby to increase the yield.
  • the patent gives no indication of the possibilities of adjusting a membrane's reflection properties in order to regulate the temperature in the earth under the membrane.
  • the earth's climate at the present time can be characterised as unstable compared with the climate 40-50 years ago. Hitherto it has been assumed and concluded that the reason for global warming and climatic instability is largely due to the increase in carbon dioxide - CO2 - in the atmosphere. For this reason the emphasis to-day has been on measures in the form of costly taxation of combustion activity in order thereby to attempt to reduce combustion and thereby the discharge of CO2 into the atmosphere.
  • CO2 is and remains a product of combustion, where carbon and hydrogen with the supply of energy in the form of heat produce CO2.
  • Oxidising combustion with CO2 as a residual product takes place at temperatures above freezing point, and will include nutrient conversion, decomposition and flame activity.
  • the common feature of all oxidising combustion is that CO2 is a fixed part of the end product and a reliable indicator of the intensity of the combustion.
  • the sun is the energy source or radiation source
  • the earth is one of several radiation receivers. It is known that the earth intercepts most heat-accumulating energy at the area facing the sun at any time and that the radiation intensity is highest in the middle of the day when the sun is at its highest point in the sky.
  • the rays which strike the earth supply the surface of the earth with energy, and the majority of the energy is converted to heat in the ground.
  • dark areas absorb radiation to a greater extent than light areas.
  • white On a scale from white to black it is known that white reflects sunlight best, and a white surface does not become heated to the same extent as a black surface.
  • the inventors believe that the increase in the air temperature is a result of the increase in dark area on the earth and is not a result of the C02 content in the atmosphere.
  • the reflection properties can be regulated and the temperature in dark areas of the earth reduced.
  • dark areas to which the membrane according to the invention is applied will be covered with vegetation such as plants and trees. It is known that green areas covered with plants and trees absorb radiation which is used in photosynthesis, with the result that green areas have a temperature- regulating effect.
  • plants and trees will employ C02 in the photosynthesis and an increase in the green area on earth will thereby reduce the CO2 content in the atmosphere.
  • the invention is primarily intended for use on all kinds of solid surfaces on the earth such as fields and meadows, savannahs, steppes, desert areas, mountains, etc. and included in solid surfaces are surfaces covered by snow and ice.
  • the rays striking the earth supply the earth's surface with energy and the majority of the energy is converted to heat in the ground.
  • Light is absorbed by green plants and is an energy source for photosynthesis and the biological activity on earth.
  • albedo in the upper layer of a solid surface on the earth can be regulated. This is achieved by adjusting the membrane's content of light-reflecting and/or light- absorbing pigments and/or particles on the basis of the maximum energy radiation conveyed to the upper layer of a solid surface on the earth where the membrane is applied and based on measurements of the local conditions. Thus it is possible to regulate the temperature in the upper layer under the membrane.
  • upper layer of a solid surface on the earth we mean primarily the upper layer of the earth's surface from a depth of 0.1 mm to 50 mm depending on the nature of the soil. If, for example, the membrane is laid straight on to rock, the upper layer will be the rock surface.
  • the temperature in the upper layer can be reduced.
  • the amount of light-reflecting pigments/particles in the membrane and thereby the membrane's degree of reflection can be adjusted in order to achieve a desired temperature in the membrane and in the upper layer under the membrane.
  • the degree of reflection is adjusted on the basis of measurements of the maximum energy radiation for the local conditions where the membrane is applied.
  • the temperature in the membrane and in the upper layer can be increased by employing light-absorbing pigments and/or particles in the membrane. In areas of the earth with a cool climate, it will be advantageous for the temperature in the membrane and the upper layer under the membrane to be higher than the normal temperature, thus enabling plants to be cultivated over a longer period of the year than normal.
  • a transparent membrane By employing a membrane which neither has light-reflecting nor light- absorbing pigments and/or particles, a transparent membrane is obtained which will retain the natural temperature in the upper layer under the membrane at places on the earth where this is desirable.
  • the membrane's content of light-reflecting or light-absorbing pigments and/or particles, or the absence of such, is regulated on the basis of the maximum energy radiation which is conveyed to the upper layer of a solid surface on the earth where the membrane is applied and based on measurements of the local conditions.
  • albedo can be regulated.
  • Albedo will control the temperature in the membrane and in the upper layer and can be regulated in such a manner that the desired and optimal growth conditions are obtained for the vegetation which is natural for any type of earth and any area on earth. This is also one of the advantages of the invention.
  • Vegetation in this context means all types of plants and trees and non- flowering plants such as bacteria, algae, fungi, lichen, moss, ferns and the like.
  • the temperature in the upper layer under the membrane can be adjusted in such a manner that vegetation, which is not naturally viable in various geographical areas on earth on account of the temperature, will achieve such viability. This is an additional advantage of the invention.
  • maximum energy radiation we mean the highest level of energy radiation from the sun which is conveyed to a surface on earth and can be measured at the maximum solar intensity when the sun is at its highest point in the sky.
  • the energy radiation can be measured by a light meter or by a radiation thermocouple.
  • the energy radiation may, for example, also be measured by measuring the temperature in the upper layer of the surface to which a membrane according to the invention is to be applied. By measuring the maximum temperature in the course of a day when the surface is sunlit, the maximum energy radiation can be calculated.
  • the reflection properties and the colour of the membrane can be determined based on the maximum temperature which is desirable under the membrane and which will provide optimal growing conditions for the vegetation to be cultivated under the membrane. Measurements have shown that when albedo is reduced by 1% for an upper layer of a solid surface on the earth, the temperature in the upper layer is reduced by 2 degrees C. As well as reducing albedo by its content of light-reflecting and/or light- absorbing pigments and/or particles, it is desirable for the membrane to have the following properties.
  • the membrane is formed from a liquid.
  • the liquid is intended to be sprayed directly on to the ground and may employ known agricultural equipment for this purpose.
  • the liquid After spraying, the liquid sets to form a membrane on contact with air and on evaporation and release of solvent.
  • the membrane will form a relatively thin coating which adheres to any surface such as earth, sand, stones, rock or the like and will bind this together.
  • the membrane will have the capacity to absorb and store water.
  • the membrane may contain seeds and/or spores for vegetation and can bind seeds and/or spores, or release seeds and/or spores to the surface under the membrane.
  • the membrane will act as a growth medium, supplying seeds and/or spores with the nutrients and moisture required for germination and for the early growth, until the roots have become large enough to penetrate down into and bind together the underlying soil.
  • a liquid according to the invention will set to form a membrane which will have the above-mentioned properties.
  • the liquid consists of a binder of organic adhesives dissolved in a solvent with the admixture of light-reflecting and/or light-absorbing pigments and/or particles to which are added fibrous organic materials and nutrients and possibly also seeds and/or spores.
  • the liquid consists primarily of a binder with a high protein content such as animal glue and/or casein glue and/or albumin glue.
  • Animal glue can be made from animal waste products such as skin, bones and horns of animals, and skin, fins and bones of fish.
  • Casein glue can be made from milk, milk waste and vegetable proteins.
  • Albumin glue can be made from blood, blood waste and egg white.
  • the viscosity of the glue can be regulated by adjusting the amount of solvent added.
  • the solvent content of the glue may vary within wide limits from 50 to 99 volume percentage. The use of a solvent content from 70 to 95 volume percentage will be preferable, and the amount will be dependent on climatic conditions and the surface to which the liquid is applied. The depth of penetration of the liquid into the upper layer of the solid surface is thereby regulated.
  • the setting time and mechanical strength of the binder will also be regulated by the admixture of solvent.
  • softeners such as ammonium compounds
  • the elasticity of the membrane can be regulated.
  • the membrane's water solubility can be regulated.
  • One or more of the following vegetable and/or animal oils may be used: linseed oil, soya oil, wood oil, coconut oil, fish oil and the like.
  • the membrane's water solubility will to a great extent determine the membrane's wear life, which may vary within wide limits from a few weeks to several years, but preferably from 6 weeks to 26 weeks.
  • a binder consisting of glue of one of the above- mentioned glue types or a combination of two or more of the above- mentioned glue types makes a very suitable adhesive for all types of surfaces on the earth such as earth, sand, stones, rock, snow, ice or the like and will cover and bind together the ground in the upper layer of a solid surface on the earth.
  • the binder is particularly suitable for use in places where it is normally impossible to obtain a satisfactory vegetation by sowing.
  • the binder will set to form a membrane on contact with air and on evaporation and/or release of solvent.
  • fibrous materials are added cut into specific lengths.
  • nutrients and fibrous materials one or more of the following components may be used: Cellulose fibres from paper recycling, pulp, wood fibre, bark, hemp and the like.
  • Fibres from all types of textiles such as wool, cotton, viscose, silk, linen and the like.
  • Plant fibres such as straw, ears of corn, rushes, lichen, moss, peat, roots and the like.
  • a reinforcement material use may also be made of glass fibre, rockwool fibre, carbon fibre and similar materials.
  • the fibrous organic materials will hold and bind moisture in the membrane and may also lead moisture from the surface as precipitation and dew, supplying moisture to seeds and/or spores in the membrane and to the soil in the surface under the membrane.
  • Amongst fibres which have the capacity to hold and release moisture are hollow fibres such as straw, and textile fibres such as wool.
  • the surface under the membrane will be supplied with moisture from ground water, and tests show that when the membrane's reflection properties increase, the moisture in the surface under the membrane increases proportionately.
  • a main component in the liquid is light-reflecting and/or light-absorbing materials consisting of one or more of the following pigments and/or particles of finely ground materials.
  • white or light components one or more of the following white or light components may be used: stones, lime, sand, clay, chalk, shells, etc. white mineral pigments such as titanium dioxide, etc. white plant dyes, white plant fibres such as cotton, bog cotton, etc.
  • ash, coal, carbon black, etc. earth pigments such as ochre, etc. bones, shells of animals, shells, fish-scales, etc. mineral pigments, plant dyes, plant pigments, etc.
  • the liquid's content of binder, solvent and dry material which is the sum of fibrous materials and pigments and possibly additives, may vary within very wide limits and is adjusted on the basis of the temperature in the surface to which the liquid is to be applied and of the nature of the surface, i.e. the particle size of the material in the surface layer and of the surface layer's moisture and absorption capacity.
  • a liquid with a content from 60 to 99 volume percentage binder plus solvent which corresponds to a dry material content from 40 to 1 volume percentage may be used.
  • a liquid with from 70 to 95 volume percentage binder plus solvent will preferably be used where the dry material content will then be from 30 to 5 volume percentage.
  • the liquid is intended to be sprayed directly on to the surface of the earth, either by hand or by means of available agricultural equipment normally used as manure spreaders or hydroseeders, which are developed with the object of seeding large vegetation- free areas.
  • the liquid may also be sprayed by airborne equipment such as aircraft, helicopters, etc.
  • the liquid When the liquid is applied by spraying, the liquid volume supplied to each surface unit can easily be measured, thereby enabling the membrane thickness to be regulated. After spraying, the liquid will set to form a membrane on contact with air and sunlight and by the liquid releasing solvent, where some will evaporate and some will be released into the ground.
  • the thickness of the membrane is adapted to the climate, the nutrient content required and the nature of the ground and may be between 0.1 and 10 mm, preferably between 1 and 5 mm.
  • the membrane's content of light-reflecting and/or light-absorbing particles and/or pigments is uniformly distributed in the membrane.
  • both the membrane and the upper layer of the surface under the membrane will attain the desired temperature, determined by the amount and properties of the above-mentioned particles/pigments which are adjusted in such a manner that the desired albedo is obtained.
  • the membrane's temperature attains the desired and set temperature in all climates, the membrane's wear life will increase due to the fact that decomposition proceeds more slowly. It will thereby be possible to adjust the membrane's wear life more accurately on the basis of the choice of material and the relationship between the components in the membrane. This is also one of the advantages of the invention.
  • the membrane will contain biodegradable organic materials both in the form of a binder and fibrous materials. These organic materials will act as a growth medium for seeds and/or spores for vegetation, such as plants and trees and for non-flowering plants such as bacteria, algae, fungi, lichen, moss, ferns and the like.
  • fibrous materials can be adapted to suit the seeds or spores which are incorporated in the membrane in order to provide the best germination and growth conditions for the vegetation to be cultivated in the area concerned. Seeds and/or spores may be incorporated in the membrane and held in the membrane or released from the membrane to the ground. Seeds and/or spores may also be sown separately on surfaces where the membrane is applied either before or after the membrane is applied.
  • the nature and type of vegetation will be adapted to suit the climate, the area where the membrane is applied and surface and the nature of the soil.
  • the soil's content of humus and other materials can be measured by standard measuring methods, thus providing an indication of the nutrient content and regulating materials which the membrane has to contain and the amount and thickness of the membrane which it will be necessary to apply on the area concerned. In areas where the soil contains very little humus, it may be necessary to add regulating materials.
  • chemical fertilisers such as potassium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate and the like.
  • trace elements i.e. micronutrients
  • these must be added in the form of elements such as boron, copper, manganese, molybdenum and the like in order to prevent deficiency diseases in the vegetation.
  • formic acid, acetic acid and wood ashes will be suitable additives.
  • a frothing agent such as sulphonates, soap and the like and air or gas by whisking or passing through bubbles just before spraying.
  • the membrane When there are gas bubbles trapped in the membrane, the membrane will obtain an uneven and larger surface depending on the size of the gas bubbles, thereby enabling the reflection properties or absorption properties of a membrane to be regulated. This is also an advantage of the invention.
  • gases may be added and whisked or bubbled into the liquid, thus forming a suspension.
  • gases which can be employed may be mentioned oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ethyne, etc. or a mixture of such gases.
  • Tests have been carried out in propagating tubs illuminated by artificial sunlight.
  • light tubes were employed which also emitted UVA and UVB rays.
  • the propagating tubs were 250 mm wide, 600 mm long and 60 mm deep.
  • the propagating tubs were filled with a 50 mm thick layer of fertilised and moistened earth, and in each propagating tub there were sown 2g of seed of the cress plant, Lepidium Satvie.
  • each tub had different contents of a type of light-reflecting pigments, from 0% in tub 5 to 80% in tub 1.
  • the tests took place over a period of 18 days, and during the period of the test no liquid, fertilizer or other elements were added to the earth in the propagating tubs. During the entire test period the air temperature was 16 degrees C.
  • the table below shows the results of measurements carried out in the propagating tubs and of the plant yield.
  • Cress plants Germination time in hours 56 52 45 39 31
  • the electrical resistance in the earth was measured, and is a measure of the moisture in the earth, with the highest resistance showing the lowest moisture in the earth, i.e. the driest earth.
  • the tests show that the moisture in the earth increases with an increasing content of light-reflecting pigments in the membrane.
  • the tests on germination and growth of the cress plants show that it is essential that the temperature in the earth should be regulated to the correct level for the plant species used.
  • the germination time for the plants was reduced by approximately 50% when the temperature in the earth under the membrane increased by 2.6 degrees C.
  • the weight of the crop after 18 days increased by more then 200% when the temperature in the earth increased by the same 2.6 degrees C.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et à une membrane de régulation de l'albédo dans une couche supérieure d'une surface solide sur la terre, qui visent à influencer les facteurs thermiques et biologiques tels que la température de surface et les caractéristiques de culture. Un liquide, qui est appliqué sur ladite surface, durcit de manière à former une membrane biodégradable et le contenu de cette membrane en particules/pigments réfléchissant la lumière et/ou absorbant la lumière est ajusté en fonction du rayonnement énergétique maximal qui est transféré à une couche supérieure d'une surface solide sur la terre sur la base de mesures des conditions locales.
PCT/NO2001/000127 2000-03-24 2001-03-22 Procede et dispositif de regulation d'energie rayonnee WO2001070012A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001252773A AU2001252773A1 (en) 2000-03-24 2001-03-22 Method and means for control of radiated energy

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20001533A NO20001533D0 (no) 2000-03-24 2000-03-24 Metode og hjelpemiddel for å kunne regulere strålingsenergi
NO20001533 2000-03-24
NO20003587A NO20003587L (no) 2000-03-24 2000-07-12 Metode og hjelpemiddel for å kunne regulere strålingsenergi
NO20003587 2000-07-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001070012A1 true WO2001070012A1 (fr) 2001-09-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2001/000127 WO2001070012A1 (fr) 2000-03-24 2001-03-22 Procede et dispositif de regulation d'energie rayonnee

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001252773A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO20003587L (fr)
WO (1) WO2001070012A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004080156A2 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-23 Torfinn Johnsen Melange de formation de membrane de sol
WO2006031122A1 (fr) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-23 Torfinn Johnsen Membrane de stabilisation pour de l'eau et des elements nutritifs
WO2009047822A1 (fr) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Gremizzi Sergio Azienda Agricola Procédé et machine pour le traitement de la surface d'un substrat de germination, traitement de surface et module de germination ainsi obtenu
EP1942720B1 (fr) * 2005-10-12 2010-12-29 Ferdinando Tessarolo Radiateur solaire
US7875083B2 (en) 2004-09-08 2011-01-25 Einar Sudmann Prosthetic element
CN102212214A (zh) * 2011-02-11 2011-10-12 北京雷力农用化学有限公司 一种可生物降解的海藻液态地膜及其制备方法
WO2011135394A1 (fr) * 2010-04-26 2011-11-03 Eduardo Carlos Gold Araoz Procédé pour la conservation et la restauration de glaciers de montagne
BE1028752B1 (fr) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-31 New Lime Dev Composition de traitement de support, en particulier de sol

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891571A (en) * 1973-10-26 1975-06-24 Us Agriculture Foam producing composition containing whey solids
EP0177226A2 (fr) * 1984-09-20 1986-04-09 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Paillage liquide
WO1998001510A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 State Of Israel/Ministry Of Agriculture Procede d'application d'une couverture en plastique sur un sol
US6029395A (en) * 1998-01-05 2000-02-29 Morgan; Albert W. Biodegradable mulch mat

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891571A (en) * 1973-10-26 1975-06-24 Us Agriculture Foam producing composition containing whey solids
EP0177226A2 (fr) * 1984-09-20 1986-04-09 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Paillage liquide
WO1998001510A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 State Of Israel/Ministry Of Agriculture Procede d'application d'une couverture en plastique sur un sol
US6029395A (en) * 1998-01-05 2000-02-29 Morgan; Albert W. Biodegradable mulch mat

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004080156A2 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-23 Torfinn Johnsen Melange de formation de membrane de sol
WO2004080156A3 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2004-11-11 Torfinn Johnsen Melange de formation de membrane de sol
AU2004220681B2 (en) * 2003-03-13 2008-05-22 Bion As Soil membrane forming mixture
US7875083B2 (en) 2004-09-08 2011-01-25 Einar Sudmann Prosthetic element
US7811466B2 (en) 2004-09-13 2010-10-12 Torfinn Johnsen Stabilizing membrane for water and nutrient
EA010545B1 (ru) * 2004-09-13 2008-10-30 Турфин Йонсен Стабилизирующая мембрана для воды и питательных веществ
WO2006031122A1 (fr) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-23 Torfinn Johnsen Membrane de stabilisation pour de l'eau et des elements nutritifs
EP1942720B1 (fr) * 2005-10-12 2010-12-29 Ferdinando Tessarolo Radiateur solaire
WO2009047822A1 (fr) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Gremizzi Sergio Azienda Agricola Procédé et machine pour le traitement de la surface d'un substrat de germination, traitement de surface et module de germination ainsi obtenu
WO2011135394A1 (fr) * 2010-04-26 2011-11-03 Eduardo Carlos Gold Araoz Procédé pour la conservation et la restauration de glaciers de montagne
CN102212214A (zh) * 2011-02-11 2011-10-12 北京雷力农用化学有限公司 一种可生物降解的海藻液态地膜及其制备方法
CN102212214B (zh) * 2011-02-11 2012-10-10 北京雷力农用化学有限公司 一种可生物降解的海藻液态地膜及其制备方法
BE1028752B1 (fr) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-31 New Lime Dev Composition de traitement de support, en particulier de sol

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Publication number Publication date
NO20003587D0 (no) 2000-07-12
NO20003587L (no) 2001-09-27
AU2001252773A1 (en) 2001-10-03

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