WO2001069086A2 - Thermal management for a motor vehicle with a coolant circuit and an air conditioning system - Google Patents

Thermal management for a motor vehicle with a coolant circuit and an air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001069086A2
WO2001069086A2 PCT/DE2001/000876 DE0100876W WO0169086A2 WO 2001069086 A2 WO2001069086 A2 WO 2001069086A2 DE 0100876 W DE0100876 W DE 0100876W WO 0169086 A2 WO0169086 A2 WO 0169086A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coolant
heat exchanger
refrigerant
thermal management
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/000876
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001069086A3 (en
Inventor
Eike Willers
Original Assignee
Eike Willers
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eike Willers filed Critical Eike Willers
Publication of WO2001069086A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001069086A2/en
Publication of WO2001069086A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001069086A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0435—Combination of units extending one behind the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • F01P2003/182—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers with multiple heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • F01P2003/185—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P2005/125—Driving auxiliary pumps electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/02—Marine engines
    • F01P2050/06—Marine engines using liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/04—Lubricant cooler
    • F01P2060/045—Lubricant cooler for transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/14—Condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0084—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0094—Radiators for recooling the engine coolant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine which is arranged in a coolant circuit and with an air conditioning system which contains an air-cooled condenser with tubes through which refrigerant flows.
  • the size of a coolant cooler of the coolant circuit is designed for the maximum cooling capacity required for the engine. For safety reasons, this must be to prevent the internal combustion engine from overheating.
  • Coolant cooler and condenser are usually arranged in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle, especially in passenger cars. The space in the engine compartment is limited, so that the size of the condenser can then be limited in favor of the coolant cooler, the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system then being limited.
  • the invention has for its object to design the thermal management for a motor vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that a more favorable design of the sizes of the coolant cooler and the condenser is possible.
  • a section of the condenser is designed as a coolant-coolant heat exchanger, for which purpose the pipes through which the coolant flows are surrounded by flow channels which are connected to the coolant circuit.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the case practically never occurs, that at the same time the greatest cooling capacity is required from the engine cooling and the greatest cooling capacity from the air conditioning system. It also applies in particular to high outside temperatures.
  • the vehicle is started at high outside temperatures, the interior is usually very hot, so that the air conditioning system requires a high cooling capacity.
  • the internal combustion engine is not yet at its operating temperature, so that the correspondingly relatively cool coolant of the coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine can be used to support the condenser.
  • the capacitor can then be used for support, i.e. the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger integrated in the condenser.
  • the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger which is integrated in the condenser, for support, for example during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine and thus also for supporting the interior heating or also for tempering gear oil, engine oil, fluids such as charge air or components.
  • a control device for switching the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger on and off is provided, to which means for acquiring operating data and / or environmental parameters are connected.
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of a condenser provided with an integrated coolant-coolant heat exchanger and a coolant cooler located behind it,
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the condenser of FIG. 1 in the region of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a condenser with an integrated coolant-coolant heat exchanger and a coolant cooler behind it,
  • FIG. 4 shows a coolant circuit for an internal combustion engine and a coolant circuit for an air conditioning system with the support of the coolant cooler by a coolant-coolant heat exchanger integrated in the condenser,
  • FIG. 7 shows a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used to support the coolant cooler, to support the condenser and to support the vehicle interior heating,
  • FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used both to support the coolant cooler and to support the condenser,
  • Fig. 9 is a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used to support the coolant cooler, to support the condenser of the air conditioning system, to support the interior heating or to support the transmission oil temperature, and
  • FIG. 10 shows a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a coolant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used either for gear oil temperature control, to support the coolant cooler or to support the condenser.
  • a coolant cooler 10 and a condenser 11 are shown only schematically.
  • the coolant cooler 10 which is arranged behind the condenser 11 in the inflow direction of the air or in the direction of travel of the vehicle, has an inlet water tank 12 and an outlet water tank 13 and an intermediate tube-fin block 14.
  • the inlet water tank 12 is provided with an inlet 15 and the outlet water tank 13 with an outlet 16.
  • other types of coolant coolers can also be used, in particular coolant coolers with upper and lower water tanks and vertically extending tubes of a tube fin block.
  • the condenser 11 arranged in front of the coolant cooler 10 is also only shown schematically, namely as a so-called flat tube condenser. As can be seen from FIG.
  • horizontally extending flat tubes 17 extend between an inlet manifold 18 and an outlet manifold 19.
  • the inlet manifold 18 is provided with an inlet 20 and the outlet manifold 19 with an outlet 21.
  • the header tubes 18, 19 are divided in the vertical direction by means of dividing walls into sections in which the refrigerant, which initially arrives in gaseous form, condenses to liquid refrigerant. Since the volume is reduced, the header pipes are divided accordingly.
  • a section of the condenser 11 is designed as a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22.
  • the flat tubes 17 of this section are surrounded by tubes 23 of larger cross section, which are connected at their ends to water boxes 24, 25 arranged in front of the condenser 11.
  • the water tank 25 is connected via an inlet line 26 to the inlet 15 of the coolant cooler 10.
  • the opposite water tank 24 is designed as a deflection box, so that the water tank 25, which is divided by a partition, is also connected to a line 27 which leads to the outlet 21 of the coolant cooler 10.
  • Corrugated fins are arranged between the flat tubes 17. 22 corrugated fins are also arranged between the tubes 23 of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is shown only schematically as a portion of the condenser 11 that is in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 substantially in the region of one side.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 ′ extends over the entire width of the condenser.
  • the water tank 25 ' is connected via an inlet line 26' to the inlet 15 of the coolant cooler 10
  • the water tank 24 ' is connected via a line 27' to the outlet 16 of the coolant cooler 10.
  • the arrangement of coolant cooler 10 and condenser 11 corresponds to the arrangement shown, i.e. the condenser 11 is arranged in front of the coolant cooler 10 in the direction of travel of the vehicle and thus in the flow direction of the incoming air.
  • the condenser 11 and the coolant cooler 10 can easily be arranged side by side or one above the other.
  • the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 or 22 ′ is switched by means of a control unit 29 depending on ambient conditions and / or operating data or operating parameters such that heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant or from the coolant to the refrigerant.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 or 22 ' is mainly used to support the coolant cooler or the condenser.
  • auxiliary functions are improved, for example the heater for the driver and the interior of the vehicle, as well as the temperature of the transmission oil.
  • the coolant circuit is shown with solid lines.
  • the refrigerant circuit is shown with dash-dotted lines. Dot lines indicate an oil cycle and Dashed lines show control lines between a control unit 29 and components to be described.
  • the basic structure is essentially the same in all the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 10.
  • An internal combustion engine 30 is arranged in a coolant circuit with the coolant cooler 10.
  • a line 31 leads from the engine outlet to the coolant cooler 10.
  • a return line 32 leads to the engine inlet.
  • a coolant pump 33 is connected upstream of the engine inlet.
  • a short-circuit line 34 is provided between the supply line 31 and the return line 32, which opens into the return line 32 in a control valve 35.
  • the control valve 35 is used to control the engine temperature via the coolant temperature.
  • thermostatic valve For example, it is designed as a thermostatic valve. However, it can also be designed as a thermostatic valve with an electrically heatable thermostatic working element, so that its control characteristic can be changed via the control unit 29. Of course, it can also be a pure control valve, the position of which is predetermined by the control unit 29.
  • the internal combustion engine 30 includes a gear 36 which is connected to a device 39 for temperature control of the gear oil by means of a feed line 37 and a return line for gear oil.
  • the device 39 is connected via a line 40 to the engine outlet line 31 so that its hot, uncooled coolant can be supplied. It is also connected to the coolant cooler 10 by a line 41, so that its cooled coolant can be supplied.
  • the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11, is arranged parallel to the refrigerant cooler 10, ie it is connected to the engine outlet line 31, which represents the radiator flow, and to the engine return line 32, which represents the radiator return.
  • a temperature-dependent switchable valve 42 which can be, for example, a thermostatic valve with an electrically heatable thermostatic working element.
  • the coolant circuit also includes at least one heat exchanger 43 for the interior heating of the motor vehicle.
  • This heat exchanger 43 is connected via a line containing a switchable solenoid valve 44 to an outlet of the internal combustion engine 30 and via a line to the engine return line 32 in front of the coolant pump 33.
  • the motor cooling also includes a fan 45, which is assigned to the coolant cooler 10 and which is driven, for example, by means of an adjustable electric motor 46.
  • the air conditioning system also includes an expansion valve 47, via which the refrigerant leaving the condenser 11 reaches an evaporator 48.
  • a compressor 49 draws in the evaporated refrigerant 49 and conveys it to the condenser 11.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 can be used to support the coolant cooler. If a certain temperature is exceeded in the engine return, ie after the coolant cooler 10 emerges, which is measured, for example, at the valve 42, then the control device 29 causes this valve 42 to open and switch on the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 to support the coolant cooler 10 , Since in this case only a temperature-dependent connection takes place, a known thermostatic valve can be used instead of a switchable valve 42, the thermostatic working element of which is designed for a predetermined opening temperature. 5, the coolant coolant heat exchanger 22 is also arranged parallel to the coolant cooler 10. Its outlet line contains a valve 50 which can be switched by means of the motor control 29 and whose output is connected to the motor return 32 after the control valve 35.
  • the switchable valve 50 can be opened to support the coolant cooler 10 at an increased coolant temperature by means of the control device 29, so that coolant flows parallel to the coolant cooler 10 through the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, is cooled there and then flows back to the engine 30.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger can also be switched on by the control device 29 in a further operating state, namely to support the heating of the internal combustion engine 30 and thus to make the heat exchanger 43 serving as a heater ready for operation.
  • the control device 29 the temperature of the refrigerant m communicated to the condenser and the motor temperature via suitable sensors. As long as the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 11 is greater than the engine temperature, the valve 50 is opened, so that heat can be transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant in the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger.
  • a low-temperature cooler for the transmission oil temperature is created by means of the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is connected in series with the coolant cooler 10.
  • An inlet line 51 branches off from the engine return line 32 upstream of the control valve or mixing valve 35 and leads to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22. This is connected via a return line 52 directly to the device 39 for transmission oil temperature control. It it is thus possible to supply the device 39 with coolant which has been cooled to a lower temperature than the coolant leaving the coolant cooler 10 and flowing back to the engine 30.
  • the engine outlet line 31 is connected by means of a switchable valve to the line 51 leading to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which line is opened by the control unit 29 if there is a need for transmission oil cooling while the engine 30 is still in the heating-up phase is located and the coolant flows back from the engine outlet line 31 via the short-circuit line 34 through the mixing valve 35 to the coolant pump 33 and to the engine 30.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is again connected in parallel to the coolant cooler 10.
  • a coolant pump 53 is arranged in its outlet line and is driven by means of an electric motor 54, which is switched on by means of the control device 29 and is speed-controlled.
  • the coolant pump 53 is followed by a multi-way valve 55, which can be switched by means of the control unit 29 in such a way that it is closed, that there is a connection to the engine return line 32 before the control valve 35 or a connection to the return line 32 after the control valve 35.
  • the coolant pump 53 is switched on and a connection to the engine return line 32 is established via the multi-way valve 55.
  • This connection can be provided after the control valve 35.
  • the engine and the heating heat exchanger 43 can be supported in the heating-up phase, provided that that the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser is higher than the temperature of the coolant.
  • the coolant pump 53 is switched on and a connection to the engine return line 32 is established after the control valve 35 via the multi-way valve 55.
  • coolant is pumped through the coolant cooler 10 against the normal flow direction, branched off at the engine outlet line 31 and conveyed to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, so that it flows through it and supports the cooling effect of the condenser. In this way, a significant relief of the air conditioning and especially the compressor can be obtained.
  • the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11, is again parallel to the coolant cooler 10 on. It is assigned a coolant pump 53 with a drive motor 54 and a switching valve 56 which, on command from the control unit 19, establishes a connection to the motor return 32 upstream of the control valve 35.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is switched on at an increased temperature of the coolant and the motor 30 by switching on the coolant pump 53 and opening the valve 56. In this case, the refrigerant absorbs heat within the condenser 11, so that the coolant is additionally cooled.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 can be used to support the air conditioning system while the engine and coolant have not yet reached the operating temperature, i.e. while the coolant flows from the engine outlet line 31 via the short-circuit line 34 through the mixing valve 35 to the coolant pump 33 and back to the engine 30.
  • the coolant pump 53 can be switched on and the switchable valve 56 can be opened.
  • coolant flows against the normal flow direction through the coolant cooler 10 and from there to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, wherein heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 9 largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 7.
  • the inlet line 41 'for cooled coolant does not come from the coolant cooler 10, but from the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22. Its total cooling capacity can thus be achieved the device 39 for transmission oil temperature control are supplied when the multi-way valve 55 is completely blocked.
  • the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 which is integrated in the condenser 11, is arranged parallel to the coolant cooler 10 in the coolant circuit. It contains a coolant pump and a switchable valve 56, with which a connection fertilizer to the motor return line 32 can be released and locked.
  • the coolant pump 53 is switched on and the valve 56 is opened, so that coolant circulates in the engine circuit in parallel with the coolant cooler. In this case, heat is transferred from the coolant to the refrigerant in the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22.
  • the control valve 35 shuts off the coolant cooler 10.
  • the coolant pump 53 is switched on and the valve 56 is opened.
  • the coolant pump 53 then pumps coolant against the normal flow direction through the coolant cooler 10 to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger, in which heat is then transferred from the coolant to the coolant.
  • a return line 58 is connected to the engine outlet line 31 leading to the coolant cooler 10 from the device 39 for gearbox temperature control, which in this case does not contain a thermostatic valve.
  • the transmission oil cooling can be effected only by the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 with the pump 53 switched on and the valve 56 closed.
  • the transmission oil can be cooled or the transmission oil can be heated.
  • the air conditioning system can also be supported in this way depending on the temperatures of the coolant and refrigerant.
  • Tempering can also be used for motor oil, other fluids, e.g. Charge air, or for components.

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine arranged in a coolant circuit and provided with an air conditioning system containing an air-cooled capacitor with pipes through which a coolant flows. A section of the capacitor (11) is embodied as a refrigerant coolant heat exchanger (22).

Description

Thermomanagement für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Kühlmittelkreislauf und einer Klimaanlage Thermal management for a motor vehicle with a coolant circuit and an air conditioning system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Thermomanagement für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Verbrennungsmotor, der in einem Kühlmittelkreislauf angeordnet ist, und mit einer Klimaanlage, die einen luftgekühlten Kondensator mit von Kältemittel durchströmten Rohren enthält.The invention relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine which is arranged in a coolant circuit and with an air conditioning system which contains an air-cooled condenser with tubes through which refrigerant flows.
Bei Kraftfahrzeugen ist die Größe eines Kühlmittelkühlers des Kühlmittelkreislaufes auf die für den Motor benötigte maximale Kühlleistung ausgelegt. Dies muss aus Sicherheitsgründen sein, um eine Überhitzung des Verbrennungsmotor zu vermeiden. Kühlmittelkühler und Kondensator sind üblicherweise in dem Motorraum des Kraftfahrzeuges angeordnet, insbesondere bei Personenkraftwagen. In dem Motorraum sind die Platzverhältnisse beengt, so dass es dann vorkommen kann, dass die Größe des Kondensators zugunsten des Kühlmittelkühlers beschränkt wird, wobei dann die Kälteleistung der Klimaanlage beschränkt ist. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Thermomanagement für ein Kraftfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, dass eine günstigere Auslegung der Größen des Kühlmittelkühlers und des Kondensators möglich ist.In motor vehicles, the size of a coolant cooler of the coolant circuit is designed for the maximum cooling capacity required for the engine. For safety reasons, this must be to prevent the internal combustion engine from overheating. Coolant cooler and condenser are usually arranged in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle, especially in passenger cars. The space in the engine compartment is limited, so that the size of the condenser can then be limited in favor of the coolant cooler, the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system then being limited. The invention has for its object to design the thermal management for a motor vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that a more favorable design of the sizes of the coolant cooler and the condenser is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass ein Abschnitt des Kondensators als Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager ausgebildet ist, wozu in diesem Abschnitt die von Kältemittel durchströmten Rohre mit Strömungskanälen umgeben sind, die an den Kühlmittelkreislauf angeschlossen sind.This object is achieved in that a section of the condenser is designed as a coolant-coolant heat exchanger, for which purpose the pipes through which the coolant flows are surrounded by flow channels which are connected to the coolant circuit.
Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, dass der Fall praktisch nie eintritt, dass gleichzeitig von der Motorkühlung die größte Kühlleistung und von der Klimaanlage die größte Kälteleistung gefordert werden. Es gilt insbesondere auch bei hohen Außentemperaturen. Wenn bei hohen Außentemperaturen das Fahrzeug gestartet wird, so ist der Innenraum in der Regel sehr heiß, so dass eine hohe Kälteleistung von der Klimaanlage gefordert wird. Während dieser Zeit hat der Verbrennungsmotor jedoch noch nicht seine Betriebstemperatur, so dass das entsprechend relativ kühle Kühlmittel des Kühlmittelkreislaufes des Verbrennungsmotors zur Unterstützung des Kondensators herangezogen werden kann. Wenn der Motor seine Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat, so ist in der Regel der Fahrzeuginnenraum so weit heruntergekühlt worden, dass von der Klimaanlage nicht mehr die volle Leistung gefordert wird. Wenn danach für den Motor eine erhöhte Kühlleistung benötigt wird, so kann dann der Kondensator zur Unterstützung herangezogen werden, d.h. der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager, der in den Kondensator integriert ist.The invention is based on the knowledge that the case practically never occurs, that at the same time the greatest cooling capacity is required from the engine cooling and the greatest cooling capacity from the air conditioning system. It also applies in particular to high outside temperatures. When the vehicle is started at high outside temperatures, the interior is usually very hot, so that the air conditioning system requires a high cooling capacity. During this time, however, the internal combustion engine is not yet at its operating temperature, so that the correspondingly relatively cool coolant of the coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine can be used to support the condenser. When the engine has reached its operating temperature, the interior of the vehicle has generally been cooled down to such an extent that the air conditioning system no longer requires full performance. If an increased cooling capacity is then required for the motor, the capacitor can then be used for support, i.e. the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger integrated in the condenser.
Auch bei anderen Betriebszustanden kann es vorteilhaft sein, den Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager, der in den Kondensator integriert ist, zur Unterstützung heranzuziehen, beispielsweise während der Aufwärmphase des Verbrennungsmotors und damit auch zur Unterstützung der Innenraumbeheizung oder auch zum Temperieren von Getriebeöl, Motoröl, Fluiden wie Ladeluft oder Bauteilen.In other operating states, too, it can be advantageous to use the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which is integrated in the condenser, for support, for example during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine and thus also for supporting the interior heating or also for tempering gear oil, engine oil, fluids such as charge air or components.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Steuergerät zum Zu- und Abschalten des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertragers vorgesehen, an das Mittel zum Erfassen von Betriebsdaten und/oder Umgebungsparametern angeschlossen sind.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a control device for switching the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger on and off is provided, to which means for acquiring operating data and / or environmental parameters are connected.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Frontansicht eines mit einem integrierten Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager versehenen Kondensators und eines dahinterliegenden Kühlmittelkühlers,1 shows a front view of a condenser provided with an integrated coolant-coolant heat exchanger and a coolant cooler located behind it,
Fig. 2 einen Vertikalschnitt durch den Kondensator der Fig. 1 im Bereich des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers,2 shows a vertical section through the condenser of FIG. 1 in the region of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger,
Fig. 3 eine Ansicht ähnlich Fig. 1 auf einen Kondensator mit integriertem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager und dahinterliegendem Kühlmittelkühler,3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a condenser with an integrated coolant-coolant heat exchanger and a coolant cooler behind it,
Fig. 4 einen Kühlmittelkreislauf für einen Verbrennungsmotor und einen Kältemittelkreislauf für eine Klimaanlage mit einer Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers durch einen in den Kondensator integrierten Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager,4 shows a coolant circuit for an internal combustion engine and a coolant circuit for an air conditioning system with the support of the coolant cooler by a coolant-coolant heat exchanger integrated in the condenser,
Fig. 5 Kreisläufe für Kühlmittel und Kältemittel mit einer Unterstützung der Kühlung und einer Unterstützung der Aufheizung des Verbrennungsmotors und der Innenrau - heizung mittels eines Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers, Fig. 6 einen Kühlmittelkreislauf und einen Kältemittelkreislauf mit einem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager als Niedertemperaturkühler für Getriebeöl,5 circuits for coolant and refrigerant with support for cooling and support for heating the internal combustion engine and the internal heating by means of a coolant-coolant heat exchanger, 6 shows a coolant circuit and a coolant circuit with a coolant-coolant heat exchanger as a low-temperature cooler for transmission oil,
Fig. 7 einen Kältemittelkreislauf und einen Kühlmittelkreislauf mit einem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager, der zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers, zur Unterstützung des Kondensators und zur Unterstützung der Fahrzeuginnenraumbeheizung herangezogen werden kann,7 shows a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used to support the coolant cooler, to support the condenser and to support the vehicle interior heating,
Fig. 8 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Kühlmittelkreislaufes und eines Kältemittelkreislaufes mit einem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager, der sowohl zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers als auch zur Unterstützung des Kondensators herangezogen werden kann,8 shows a further embodiment of a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used both to support the coolant cooler and to support the condenser,
Fig. 9 einen Kühlmittelkreislauf und einen Kältemittelkreislauf mit einem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager, der zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers, zur Unterstützung des Kondensators der Klimaanlage, zur Unterstützung der Innenraumbeheizung oder zur Unterstützung der Getriebeöltemperierung herangezogen werden kann undFig. 9 is a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used to support the coolant cooler, to support the condenser of the air conditioning system, to support the interior heating or to support the transmission oil temperature, and
Fig.10 einen Kühlmittelkreislauf und einen Kältemittelkreislauf mit einem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager, der wahlweise zur Getriebeöltemperierung, zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers oder zur Unterstützung des Kondensators eingesetzt werden kann.10 shows a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit with a coolant-coolant heat exchanger, which can be used either for gear oil temperature control, to support the coolant cooler or to support the condenser.
In Fig. 1 und 2 sind ein Kühlmittelkühler 10 und ein Kondensator 11 nur schematisch dargestellt. Der Kühlmittelkühler 10, der in Anströmrichtung der Luft oder in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges hinter dem Kondensator 11 angeordnet ist, besitzt einen Eingangswasserkasten 12 und einen Ausgangswasserkasten 13 und einen dazwischenliegenden Rohr-Rippenblock 14. Der Eingangswasserkasten 12 ist mit einem Zulauf 15 und der Ausgangswasserkasten 13 mit einem Ablauf 16 versehen. Selbstverständlich können auch andere Bauformen von Kühlmittelkühlern eingesetzt werden, insbesondere Kühlmittelkühler mit oberen und unteren Wasserkästen und vertikal verlaufenden Rohren eines Rohrrippenblocks. Der vor dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 angeordnete Kondensator 11 ist ebenfalls nur schematisch dargestellt, und zwar als ein sogenannter Flachrohrkondensator. Wie aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist, erstrecken sich horizontal verlaufende Flachrohre 17 zwischen einem Eingangssammelrohr 18 und einem Ausgangssammelrohr 19. Das Eingangssammelrohr 18 ist mit einem Zulauf 20 und das Ausgangssammelrohr 19 mit einem Ablauf 21 versehen. Die Sammelrohre 18, 19 sind in vertikaler Richtung mittels Trennwänden in Abschnitte unterteilt, in denen das zunächst gasförmig ankommende Kältemittel zu flüssigem Kältemittel kondensiert. Da sich dabei das Volumen verringert, sind die Sammelrohre entsprechend unterteilt.1 and 2, a coolant cooler 10 and a condenser 11 are shown only schematically. The coolant cooler 10, which is arranged behind the condenser 11 in the inflow direction of the air or in the direction of travel of the vehicle, has an inlet water tank 12 and an outlet water tank 13 and an intermediate tube-fin block 14. The inlet water tank 12 is provided with an inlet 15 and the outlet water tank 13 with an outlet 16. Of course, other types of coolant coolers can also be used, in particular coolant coolers with upper and lower water tanks and vertically extending tubes of a tube fin block. The condenser 11 arranged in front of the coolant cooler 10 is also only shown schematically, namely as a so-called flat tube condenser. As can be seen from FIG. 2, horizontally extending flat tubes 17 extend between an inlet manifold 18 and an outlet manifold 19. The inlet manifold 18 is provided with an inlet 20 and the outlet manifold 19 with an outlet 21. The header tubes 18, 19 are divided in the vertical direction by means of dividing walls into sections in which the refrigerant, which initially arrives in gaseous form, condenses to liquid refrigerant. Since the volume is reduced, the header pipes are divided accordingly.
In dem unteren Bereich im Beginn einer Unterkühlstrecke, in dem das Kältemittel bereits weitgehend verflüssigt ist, ist ein Abschnitt des Kondensators 11 als Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager 22 ausgebildet. Die Flachrohre 17 dieses Abschnittes sind mit im Querschnitt größeren Rohren 23 umgeben, die an ihren Enden mit vor dem Kondensator 11 angeordneten Wasserkästen 24, 25 verbunden sind. Der Wasserkasten 25 ist über eine Zulaufleitung 26 an den Zulauf 15 des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 angeschlossen. Der gegenüberliegende Wasserkasten 24 ist als Umlenkkasten ausgebildet, so dass der durch eine Trennwand unterteilte Wasserkasten 25 auch mit einer Leitung 27 verbunden ist, die zu dem Ablauf 21 des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 führt. Zwischen den Flachrohren 17 sind Wellrippen angeordnet. Ebenso sind zwischen den Rohren 23 des Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers 22 Wellrippen angeordnet.In the lower area at the beginning of a sub-cooling section, in which the refrigerant is already largely liquefied, a section of the condenser 11 is designed as a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22. The flat tubes 17 of this section are surrounded by tubes 23 of larger cross section, which are connected at their ends to water boxes 24, 25 arranged in front of the condenser 11. The water tank 25 is connected via an inlet line 26 to the inlet 15 of the coolant cooler 10. The opposite water tank 24 is designed as a deflection box, so that the water tank 25, which is divided by a partition, is also connected to a line 27 which leads to the outlet 21 of the coolant cooler 10. Corrugated fins are arranged between the flat tubes 17. 22 corrugated fins are also arranged between the tubes 23 of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger.
Der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 ist nur schematisch als ein Abschnitt des Kondensators 11 dargestellt, der sich bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 und 2 im wesentlichen im Bereich einer Seite befindet. Selbstverständlich sind andere Ausführungsformen möglich, beispielsweise entsprechend Fig. 3, bei welcher der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager 22' sich über die gesamte Breite des Kondensators erstreckt. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Wasserkasten 25' über eine Zulaufleitung 26' an den Zulauf 15 des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 angeschlossen, während der Wasserkasten 24' über eine Leitung 27' an den Ablauf 16 des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 angeschlossen ist.The refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is shown only schematically as a portion of the condenser 11 that is in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 substantially in the region of one side. Of course, other embodiments are possible, for example in accordance with FIG. 3, in which the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 ′ extends over the entire width of the condenser. In this exemplary embodiment, the water tank 25 'is connected via an inlet line 26' to the inlet 15 of the coolant cooler 10, while the water tank 24 'is connected via a line 27' to the outlet 16 of the coolant cooler 10.
In vielen Einbaufällen entspricht die Anordnung von Kühlmittelkühler 10 und Kondensator 11 der dargestellten Anordnung, d.h. der Kondensator 11 ist in Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges und damit in Strömungsrichtung der anströmenden Luft vor dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 angeordnet. Selbstverständlich ist eine derartige Anordnung nicht zwingend. Kondensator 11 und Kühlmittelkühler 10 können ohne weiteres nebeneinander oder übereinander angeordnet sein.In many installation cases, the arrangement of coolant cooler 10 and condenser 11 corresponds to the arrangement shown, i.e. the condenser 11 is arranged in front of the coolant cooler 10 in the direction of travel of the vehicle and thus in the flow direction of the incoming air. Of course, such an arrangement is not mandatory. The condenser 11 and the coolant cooler 10 can easily be arranged side by side or one above the other.
Der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 oder 22' wird mittels eines Steuergerätes 29 abhängig von Umgebungsbedingungen und/oder Betriebsdaten oder Betriebsparametern so geschaltet, dass Wärme von dem Kältemittel auf das Kühlmittel oder von dem Kühlmittel auf das Kältemittel übertragen wird. Wie anhand der nachstehend erläuterten Schaltungsmöglichkeiten noch zu ersehen ist, wird der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager 22 oder 22' vorwiegend zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers oder des Kondensators herangezogen. Darüber hinaus kann er aber auch so geschaltet werden, dass Hilfsfunktionen verbessert werden, beispielsweise die Anfahrerwärmung und die Fahrzeuginnenraumheizung sowie die Getriebeöltemperierung.The refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 or 22 ′ is switched by means of a control unit 29 depending on ambient conditions and / or operating data or operating parameters such that heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant or from the coolant to the refrigerant. As can be seen from the circuit options explained below, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 or 22 'is mainly used to support the coolant cooler or the condenser. In addition, it can also be switched so that auxiliary functions are improved, for example the heater for the driver and the interior of the vehicle, as well as the temperature of the transmission oil.
Der Kühlmittelkreislauf ist mit durchgezogenen Linien dargestellt. Der Kältemittelkreislauf ist mit strichpunktierten Linien dargestellt. Punkt-Linien zeigen einen Olkreislauf und gestrichelte Linien zeigen Steuerleitungen zwischen einem Steuergerät 29 und noch zu beschreibenden Bauteilen. Der Grundaufbau ist bei allen Ausführungsformen nach Fig. 4 bis 10 im wesentlichen gleich. Ein Verbrennungsmotor 30 ist in einem Kühlmittelkreislauf mit dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 angeordnet. Von dem Motoraustritt führt eine Leitung 31 zu dem Kühlmittelkühler 10. Von dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 führt eine Rücklaufleitung 32 zu dem Motoreintritt. Dem Motoreintritt ist eine Kühlmittelpumpe 33 vorgeschaltet. Zwischen der Vorlaufleitung 31 und der Rücklaufleitung 32 ist eine Kurzschlussleitung 34 vorgesehen, die in einem Regelventil 35 in die Rücklaufleitung 32 mündet. Das Regelventil 35 dient zum Regeln der Motortemperatur über die Kühlmitteltemperatur. Es ist beispielsweise als ein Thermostatventil ausgebildet. Es kann aber auch als ein Thermostatventil mit einem elektrisch beheizbaren thermostatischen Arbeitselement ausgebildet sein, so dass seine Regelcharakteristik über das Steuergerät 29 veränderbar ist. Selbstverständlich kann es auch ein reines Stellventil sein, dessen Position von dem Steuergerät 29 vorgegeben wird.The coolant circuit is shown with solid lines. The refrigerant circuit is shown with dash-dotted lines. Dot lines indicate an oil cycle and Dashed lines show control lines between a control unit 29 and components to be described. The basic structure is essentially the same in all the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 10. An internal combustion engine 30 is arranged in a coolant circuit with the coolant cooler 10. A line 31 leads from the engine outlet to the coolant cooler 10. From the coolant cooler 10, a return line 32 leads to the engine inlet. A coolant pump 33 is connected upstream of the engine inlet. A short-circuit line 34 is provided between the supply line 31 and the return line 32, which opens into the return line 32 in a control valve 35. The control valve 35 is used to control the engine temperature via the coolant temperature. For example, it is designed as a thermostatic valve. However, it can also be designed as a thermostatic valve with an electrically heatable thermostatic working element, so that its control characteristic can be changed via the control unit 29. Of course, it can also be a pure control valve, the position of which is predetermined by the control unit 29.
Zu dem Verbrennungsmotor 30 gehört ein Getriebe 36, das mittels einer Vorlaufleitung 37 und einer Rücklaufleitung für Getriebeöl an einer Einrichtung 39 zur Getriebeöltemperierung angeschlossen ist. Die Einrichtung 39 ist über eine Leitung 40 an die Motoraustrittsleitung 31 angeschlossen, so dass ihr heißes, ungekühltes Kühlmittel zugeführt werden kann. Sie ist darüber hinaus mit einer Leitung 41 an den Kühlmittelkühler 10 angeschlossen, so dass ihr gekühltes Kühlmittel zugeführt werden kann.The internal combustion engine 30 includes a gear 36 which is connected to a device 39 for temperature control of the gear oil by means of a feed line 37 and a return line for gear oil. The device 39 is connected via a line 40 to the engine outlet line 31 so that its hot, uncooled coolant can be supplied. It is also connected to the coolant cooler 10 by a line 41, so that its cooled coolant can be supplied.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 ist der Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22, der in den Kondensator 11 integriert ist, parallel zu dem Kältemittelkühler 10 angeordnet, d.h. er ist an die Motoraustrittsleitung 31, die den Kühlervorlauf darstellt, und an die Motorrücklaufleitung 32, die den Kühlerrücklauf darstellt, angeschlossen. Bei der Aus- führungsfor nach Fig. 4 erfolgt der Anschluß an die Rücklaufleitung 32 mittels eines temperaturabhängig schaltbaren Ventils 42, das beispielsweise ein Thermostatventil mit einem elektrisch beheizbaren thermostatischen Arbeitselement sein kann .4, the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11, is arranged parallel to the refrigerant cooler 10, ie it is connected to the engine outlet line 31, which represents the radiator flow, and to the engine return line 32, which represents the radiator return. When leaving 4 is connected to the return line 32 by means of a temperature-dependent switchable valve 42, which can be, for example, a thermostatic valve with an electrically heatable thermostatic working element.
Zu dem Kühlmittelkreislauf gehört auch noch wenigstens ein Wärmeübertrager 43 für die Innenraumbeheizung des Kraftfahrzeuges. Dieser Wärmeübertrager 43 ist über eine ein schaltbares Magnetventil 44 enthaltende Leitung an einen Austritt des Verbrennungsmotors 30 und über eine Leitung an die Motorrücklaufleitung 32 vor der Kühlmittelpumpe 33 angeschlossen.The coolant circuit also includes at least one heat exchanger 43 for the interior heating of the motor vehicle. This heat exchanger 43 is connected via a line containing a switchable solenoid valve 44 to an outlet of the internal combustion engine 30 and via a line to the engine return line 32 in front of the coolant pump 33.
Zur Motorkühlung gehört noch ein Ventilator 45, der dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 zugeordnet ist, und der beispielsweise mittels eines regelbaren Elektromotors 46 angetrieben ist.The motor cooling also includes a fan 45, which is assigned to the coolant cooler 10 and which is driven, for example, by means of an adjustable electric motor 46.
Zu der Klimaanlage gehört außer dem bereits erwähnten Kondensator ein Expansionsventil 47, über das das den Kondensator 11 verlassende Kältemittel zu einem Verdampfer 48 gelangt. Ein Kompressor 49 saugt das verdampfte Kältemittel 49 an und fördert es zu dem Kondensator 11.In addition to the previously mentioned condenser, the air conditioning system also includes an expansion valve 47, via which the refrigerant leaving the condenser 11 reaches an evaporator 48. A compressor 49 draws in the evaporated refrigerant 49 and conveys it to the condenser 11.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 kann der Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers herangezogen werden. Wird im Motorrücklauf, d.h. nach dem Austritt des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 eine bestimmte Temperatur überschritten, die beispielsweise an dem Ventil 42 gemessen wird, so veranlasst das Steuergerät 29, dass dieses Ventil 42 öffnet und den Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 zur Unterstützung des Kühlmittelkühlers 10 zuschaltet. Da in diesem Fall nur eine temperaturabhängige Zuschaltung erfolgt, kann anstelle eines schaltbaren Ventils 42 auch ein bekanntes Thermostatventil verwendet werden, dessen thermostatisches Arbeitselement auf eine vorgegebene Öffnungstemperatur ausgelegt ist. Auch bei der Ausfuhrungsform nach Fig. 5 ist der Kaltemittel- Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22 parallel zu den Kuhlmittelkuh- ler 10 angeordnet. Seine Austrittsleitung enthalt ein mittels der Motorsteuerung 29 schaltbares Ventil 50, dessen Ausgang nach dem Regelventil 35 an den Motorrucklauf 32 angeschlossen ist .In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 can be used to support the coolant cooler. If a certain temperature is exceeded in the engine return, ie after the coolant cooler 10 emerges, which is measured, for example, at the valve 42, then the control device 29 causes this valve 42 to open and switch on the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 to support the coolant cooler 10 , Since in this case only a temperature-dependent connection takes place, a known thermostatic valve can be used instead of a switchable valve 42, the thermostatic working element of which is designed for a predetermined opening temperature. 5, the coolant coolant heat exchanger 22 is also arranged parallel to the coolant cooler 10. Its outlet line contains a valve 50 which can be switched by means of the motor control 29 and whose output is connected to the motor return 32 after the control valve 35.
Das schaltbare Ventil 50 kann zur Unterstützung des Kuhlmit- telkuhlers 10 bei erhöhter Kuhlmitteltemperatur mittels des Steuergerätes 29 geöffnet werden, so dass parallel zu dem Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 Kuhlmittel durch den Kaltemittel- Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22 strömt, dort gekühlt wird und dann zum Motor 30 zurückströmt.The switchable valve 50 can be opened to support the coolant cooler 10 at an increased coolant temperature by means of the control device 29, so that coolant flows parallel to the coolant cooler 10 through the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, is cooled there and then flows back to the engine 30.
Bei dem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 kann der Kaltemittel- Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager auch in einem weiteren Betriebszustand von dem Steuergerat 29 zugeschaltet werden, nämlich zur Unterstützung der Aufheizung des Verbrennungsmotors 30 und damit zur Betriebsbereitschaft des als Heizkörper dienenden Wärmeübertragers 43. Hierzu werden dem Steuergerat 29 die Temperatur des Kältemittels m dem Kondensator und die Motortemperatur über geeignete Geber mitgeteilt. So lange die Temperatur des Kältemittels im Kondensator 11 großer als die Motortemperatur ist, wird das Ventil 50 geöffnet, so dass in dem Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager Warme vom Kältemittel an das Kuhlmittel übertragen werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger can also be switched on by the control device 29 in a further operating state, namely to support the heating of the internal combustion engine 30 and thus to make the heat exchanger 43 serving as a heater ready for operation. For this purpose, the control device 29 the temperature of the refrigerant m communicated to the condenser and the motor temperature via suitable sensors. As long as the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 11 is greater than the engine temperature, the valve 50 is opened, so that heat can be transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant in the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger.
Bei der Ausfuhrungsform nach Fig. 6 wird mittels des Kalte- mittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertragers 22, der in den Kondensator 11 integriert ist, ein Niedertemperaturkuhler für die Getriebeöltemperierung geschaffen. Der Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel- Warmeubertrager 22 ist hierbei in Reihe mit dem Kuhlmittelkühler 10 geschaltet. Von der Motorrucklaufleitung 32 zweigt vor dem Regelventil oder Mischventil 35 eine Zulaufleitung 51 ab, die zu dem Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22 führt. Dieser ist über eine Rucklaufleitung 52 direkt an die Einrichtung 39 zur Getriebeoltemperierung angeschlossen. Es ist somit möglich, der Einrichtung 39 Kühlmittel zuzuführen, das auf eine niedrigere Temperatur gekühlt worden ist, als das den Kühlmittelkühler 10 verlassende und zum Motor 30 zurückströmende Kühlmittel.In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, a low-temperature cooler for the transmission oil temperature is created by means of the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11. The coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is connected in series with the coolant cooler 10. An inlet line 51 branches off from the engine return line 32 upstream of the control valve or mixing valve 35 and leads to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22. This is connected via a return line 52 directly to the device 39 for transmission oil temperature control. It it is thus possible to supply the device 39 with coolant which has been cooled to a lower temperature than the coolant leaving the coolant cooler 10 and flowing back to the engine 30.
Bei einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform ist die Motoraustrittsleitung 31 mittels eines schaltbaren Ventils mit der zu dem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 führenden Leitung 51 verbunden, die von dem Steuergerät 29 geöffnet wird, sofern Bedarf einer Getriebeölkühlung besteht, während der Motor 30 sich noch in der Aufheizphase befindet und das Kühlmittel von der Motoraustrittsleitung 31 über die Kurzschlussleitung 34 durch das Mischventil 35 hindurch zur Kühlmittelpumpe 33 und zum Motor 30 zurückströmt.In a modified embodiment, the engine outlet line 31 is connected by means of a switchable valve to the line 51 leading to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which line is opened by the control unit 29 if there is a need for transmission oil cooling while the engine 30 is still in the heating-up phase is located and the coolant flows back from the engine outlet line 31 via the short-circuit line 34 through the mixing valve 35 to the coolant pump 33 and to the engine 30.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 ist der Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 wieder parallel zu dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 geschaltet. In seiner Austrittsleitung ist eine Kühlmittelpumpe 53 angeordnet, die mittels eines Elektromotors 54 angetrieben wird, der mittels des Steuergerätes 29 eingeschaltet und drehzahlgeregelt wird. Der Kühlmittelpumpe 53 folgt ein Mehrwegeventil 55, das mittels des Steuergerätes 29 so geschaltet werden kann, dass es geschlossen ist, dass es eine Verbindung zu der Motorrücklaufleitung 32 vor dem Regelventil 35 oder eine Verbindung zu der Rücklaufleitung 32 nach dem Regelventil 35 frei gibt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is again connected in parallel to the coolant cooler 10. A coolant pump 53 is arranged in its outlet line and is driven by means of an electric motor 54, which is switched on by means of the control device 29 and is speed-controlled. The coolant pump 53 is followed by a multi-way valve 55, which can be switched by means of the control unit 29 in such a way that it is closed, that there is a connection to the engine return line 32 before the control valve 35 or a connection to the return line 32 after the control valve 35.
Wird bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 eine Kühlerunterstützung gewünscht, so wird die Kühlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und über das Mehrwegeventil 55 eine Verbindung zur Motorrücklaufleitung 32 hergestellt. Diese Verbindung kann nach dem Regelventil 35 vorgesehen werden. Um jedoch die Funktion des Regelventils nicht zu beeinträchtigen, ist es zweckmäßiger, den Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 vor dem Regelventil 35 an die Motorrücklaufleitung 32 anzuschließen. Solange der Motor 30 noch eine geringe Temperatur aufweist und das Kühlmittel von der Motoraustrittsleitung 31 über die Kurzschlussleitung 34 und das Regelventil 35 direkt zu der Kühlmittelpumpe 33 und dem Motor 30 zurückströmt, kann eine Unterstützung der Aufheizphase für den Motor und des Heizungswärmeübertragers 43 erfolgen, vorausgesetzt, dass die Temperatur des Kältemittels in dem Kondensator höher als die Temperatur des Kühlmittels ist. In diesem Fall wird die Kühlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und über das Mehrwegeventil 55 eine Verbindung zu der Motorrücklaufleitung 32 nach dem Regelventil 35 hergestellt.If cooler support is desired in the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the coolant pump 53 is switched on and a connection to the engine return line 32 is established via the multi-way valve 55. This connection can be provided after the control valve 35. However, in order not to impair the function of the control valve, it is more expedient to connect the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 upstream of the control valve 35 to the engine return line 32. As long as the engine 30 is still at a low temperature and the coolant flows back from the engine outlet line 31 via the short-circuit line 34 and the control valve 35 directly to the coolant pump 33 and the engine 30, the engine and the heating heat exchanger 43 can be supported in the heating-up phase, provided that that the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser is higher than the temperature of the coolant. In this case, the coolant pump 53 is switched on and a connection to the engine return line 32 is established after the control valve 35 via the multi-way valve 55.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 ist es darüber hinaus möglich, die Funktion der Klimaanlage zu unterstützen, solange der Motor 30 seine Betriebstemperatur noch nicht erreicht hat und Kühlmittel nur über die Kurzschlussleitung 34 zurück zu dem Motor 30 strömt. Das ist beispielsweise dann interessant, wenn das Fahrzeug bei relativ hohen Außentemperaturen längere Zeit gestanden hat, so dass der Fahrzeuginnenraum stark aufgeheizt ist, während der Motor und das Kühlmittel - im Vergleich zur normalen Betriebstemperatur - relativ kalt sind. In diesem Fall wird die Kühlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und das Mehrwegeventil 55 so geschaltet, dass es die Verbindung zur Motorrücklaufleitung 32 vor dem Regelventil 35 freigibt und zu dem Anschluß nach dem Regelventil 35 sperrt. In diesem Fall wird Kühlmittel entgegen der normalen Strömungsrichtung durch den Kühlmittelkühler 10 gepumpt, an der Motoraustrittsleitung 31 abgezweigt und zu dem Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 gefördert, so dass es durch diesen hindurchströmt und die Kühlwirkung des Kondensators unterstützt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich eine deutliche Entlastung der Klimaanlage und insbesondere des Kompressors erhalten.In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, it is also possible to support the function of the air conditioning system as long as the engine 30 has not yet reached its operating temperature and coolant only flows back to the engine 30 via the short-circuit line 34. This is interesting, for example, if the vehicle has been standing for a long time at relatively high outside temperatures, so that the interior of the vehicle is heated up considerably, while the engine and the coolant are relatively cold compared to the normal operating temperature. In this case, the coolant pump 53 is switched on and the multi-way valve 55 is switched so that it releases the connection to the engine return line 32 upstream of the control valve 35 and blocks it from the connection downstream of the control valve 35. In this case, coolant is pumped through the coolant cooler 10 against the normal flow direction, branched off at the engine outlet line 31 and conveyed to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, so that it flows through it and supports the cooling effect of the condenser. In this way, a significant relief of the air conditioning and especially the compressor can be obtained.
Auch bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 8 ist der Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22, der in den Kondensator 11 integriert ist, wieder parallel zu dem Kühlmittelkühler 10 gell schaltet. Ihm ist eine Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 mit einem Antriebsmotor 54 sowie ein Schaltventil 56 zugeordnet, das auf Befehl des Steuergerätes 19 eine Verbindung zu dem Motorrucklauf 32 vor dem Regelventil 35 herstellt. Der Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel- Warmeubertrager 22 wird bei erhöhter Temperatur des Kuhlmittels und des Motors 30 zugeschaltet, indem die Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und das Ventil 56 geöffnet wird. In diesem Fall wird von dem Kältemittel innerhalb des Kondensators 11 Warme aufgenommen, so dass eine zusatzliche Kühlung des Kuhlmittels erfolgt.8, the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11, is again parallel to the coolant cooler 10 on. It is assigned a coolant pump 53 with a drive motor 54 and a switching valve 56 which, on command from the control unit 19, establishes a connection to the motor return 32 upstream of the control valve 35. The coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 is switched on at an increased temperature of the coolant and the motor 30 by switching on the coolant pump 53 and opening the valve 56. In this case, the refrigerant absorbs heat within the condenser 11, so that the coolant is additionally cooled.
Darüber hinaus kann der Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertra- ger 22 eingesetzt werden, um die Klimaanlage zu unterstutzen, wahrend der Motor und das Kuhlmittel noch nicht die Betriebstemperatur erreicht haben, d.h. wahrend das Kuhlmittel von der Motoraustrittsleitung 31 über die Kurzschlussleitung 34 durch das Mischventil 35 zu der Kuhlmittelpumpe 33 und zurück zum Motor 30 strömt. In diesem Fall kann die Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und das schaltbare Ventil 56 geöffnet werden. In diesem Fall strömt Kuhlmittel entgegen der normalen Stromungsrichtung durch den Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 und von dort zu dem Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22, wobei Warme von dem Kältemittel an das Kuhlmittel übertragen wird.In addition, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22 can be used to support the air conditioning system while the engine and coolant have not yet reached the operating temperature, i.e. while the coolant flows from the engine outlet line 31 via the short-circuit line 34 through the mixing valve 35 to the coolant pump 33 and back to the engine 30. In this case, the coolant pump 53 can be switched on and the switchable valve 56 can be opened. In this case, coolant flows against the normal flow direction through the coolant cooler 10 and from there to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, wherein heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant.
Das Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach Fig. 9 entspricht weitgehend dem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach Fig. 7. Die Zulaufleitung 41' für gekühltes Kuhlmittel kommt jedoch bei dieser Ausfuhrungsform nicht von dem Kuhlmittelkuhler 10, sondern von dem Kaltemit- tel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22. Dessen gesamte Kuhlleistung kann somit der Einrichtung 39 zur Getriebeöltemperierung zugeführt werden, wenn das Mehrwegeventil 55 völlig sperrt.The embodiment according to FIG. 9 largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 7. In this embodiment, however, the inlet line 41 'for cooled coolant does not come from the coolant cooler 10, but from the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22. Its total cooling capacity can thus be achieved the device 39 for transmission oil temperature control are supplied when the multi-way valve 55 is completely blocked.
Auch bei der Ausfuhrungsform nach Fig. 10 ist der Kaltemit- tel-Kühlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22, der in den Kondensator 11 integriert ist, parallel zu dem Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 in dem Kühlmittelkreislauf angeordnet. Er enthalt eine Kuhlmittelpumpe und ein schaltbares Ventil 56, mit welchem eine Verbin- düng zu der Motorrücklaufleitung 32 freigebbar und absperrbar ist. Zur Unterstützung des Kuhlmittelkühlers 10 bei überhöhter Kuhlmitteltemperatur wird die Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und das Ventil 56 geöffnet, so dass Kuhlmittel parallel zu dem Kuhlmittelkuhler in dem Motorkreislauf zirkuliert. In diesem Fall wird Warme von dem Kuhlmittel auf das Kältemittel im Kaltemittel-Kuhlmittel-Warmeubertrager 22 übertragen.10, the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22, which is integrated in the condenser 11, is arranged parallel to the coolant cooler 10 in the coolant circuit. It contains a coolant pump and a switchable valve 56, with which a connection fertilizer to the motor return line 32 can be released and locked. To support the coolant cooler 10 when the coolant temperature is excessive, the coolant pump 53 is switched on and the valve 56 is opened, so that coolant circulates in the engine circuit in parallel with the coolant cooler. In this case, heat is transferred from the coolant to the refrigerant in the coolant-coolant heat exchanger 22.
Bei niedrigen Kühlmitteltemperaturen und Motortemperaturen sperrt das Regelventil 35 gegenüber dem Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 ab. Um die Klimaanlage in diesem Fall zu unterstutzen, wird die Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 eingeschaltet und das Ventil 56 geöffnet. Die Kuhlmittelpumpe 53 pumpt dann Kuhlmittel entgegen der normalen Stromungsrichtung durch den Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 hindurch zu dem Kältemittel-Kuhlmittel-Wärmeübertrager, in welchem dann Wärme von dem Kältemittel auf das Kuhlmittel übertragen wird.At low coolant temperatures and engine temperatures, the control valve 35 shuts off the coolant cooler 10. In order to support the air conditioning system in this case, the coolant pump 53 is switched on and the valve 56 is opened. The coolant pump 53 then pumps coolant against the normal flow direction through the coolant cooler 10 to the coolant-coolant heat exchanger, in which heat is then transferred from the coolant to the coolant.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 10 ist ferner vorgesehen, dass von der Einrichtung 39 zur Getriebeoltemperierung, die in diesem Fall kein Thermostatventil enthalten uss, eine Rücklaufleitung 58 zu der zu dem Kuhlmittelkuhler 10 führenden Motoraustrittsleitung 31 gelegt ist. In diesem Fall kann die Getriebeölkühlung bei eingeschalteter Pumpe 53 und geschlossenem Ventil 56 ausschließlich von dem Kältemittel- Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager 22 bewirkt werden. Abhangig von der Temperatur des Kältemittels in dem Kondensator 11 und in dem darin integrierten Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Warmeübertrager 22 kann eine Kühlung des Getriebeöls oder eine Heizung des Getriebeöls erfolgen. Ebenso kann auf diese Weise abhängig von den Temperaturen von Kuhlmittel und Kältemittel eine Unterstützung der Klimaanlage durchgeführt werden.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10 it is further provided that a return line 58 is connected to the engine outlet line 31 leading to the coolant cooler 10 from the device 39 for gearbox temperature control, which in this case does not contain a thermostatic valve. In this case, the transmission oil cooling can be effected only by the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 with the pump 53 switched on and the valve 56 closed. Depending on the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser 11 and in the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger 22 integrated therein, the transmission oil can be cooled or the transmission oil can be heated. The air conditioning system can also be supported in this way depending on the temperatures of the coolant and refrigerant.
Die Kühlung oder Erwärmung von Getriebeöl ist natürlich nur ein Beispiel. Das Temperieren kann auch für Motorenöl, andere Fluide, wie z.B. Ladeluft, oder für Bauteile vorgenommen werden. The cooling or heating of gear oil is of course only one example. Tempering can also be used for motor oil, other fluids, e.g. Charge air, or for components.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Thermomanagement für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Verbrennungsmotor, der in einem Kühlmittelkreislauf angeordnet ist, und mit einer Klimaanlage, die einen luftgekühlten Kondensator mit von Kältemittel durchströmten Rohren enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Abschnitt des Kondensators (11) als Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager (22) ausgebildet ist, wozu in diesem Abschnitt die von Kältemittel durchströmten Rohre (17) mit Strömungskanälen (23) umgeben sind, die an den Kühlmittelkreislauf angeschlossen sind.1. Thermal management for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, which is arranged in a coolant circuit, and with an air conditioning system, which contains an air-cooled condenser with tubes through which refrigerant flows, characterized in that a section of the condenser (11) acts as a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is formed, for which purpose the tubes (17) through which refrigerant flows are surrounded with flow channels (23) which are connected to the coolant circuit.
2. Thermomanagement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager (22) wenigstens zum Teil im Unterkühlbereich des Kondensators (11) angeordnet ist.2. Thermal management according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is arranged at least in part in the subcooling area of the condenser (11).
3. Thermomanagement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Kühlmittelströmung ein schaltbares Ventilelement (42, 50, 55, 56) für den Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager (22) vorgesehen ist.3. Thermal management according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a switchable valve element (42, 50, 55, 56) for the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is provided in the coolant flow.
4. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Kältemittel-Kühlmittel- Wärmeübertrager (22) eine vorzugsweise einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor (54) aufweisende Kühlmittelpumpe (53) zugeordnet ist .4. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coolant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is preferably a coolant pump (53) having an electric drive motor (54).
5. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager (22) in einer parallel zu einem Kühlmittelkühler (10) verlaufenden Kühlmittelströmung angeordnet ist.5. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is arranged in a coolant flow running parallel to a coolant cooler (10).
6. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelausgang des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers (22) stromauf von einem Regelventil (35) angeordnet ist, mittels dessen die Motor- und Kühlmitteltemperatur regelbar ist.6. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coolant outlet of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) upstream of one Control valve (35) is arranged, by means of which the engine and coolant temperature can be controlled.
7. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelausgang des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers (22) mittels eines Schaltventils (50, 55) stromab von einem die Motor-Kühlmitteltemperatur regelnden Regelventil (35) anschließbar ist.7. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coolant outlet of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) by means of a switching valve (50, 55) can be connected downstream of a control valve (35) regulating the engine coolant temperature.
8. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelausgang des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers (22) mittels eines Schaltventils (55) wahlweise stromauf oder stromab von einem die Motortemperatur-Kühlmitteltemperatur regelenden Regelventil (35) anschließbar ist.8. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the coolant outlet of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) by means of a switching valve (55) can optionally be connected upstream or downstream of a control valve (35) regulating the engine temperature-coolant temperature.
9. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelausgang des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers (22) an einer Einrichtung9. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coolant outlet of the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) on one device
(39) zur Getriebeöltemperierung angeschlossen ist.(39) is connected for gear oil temperature control.
10. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 und 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertrager (22) einem Kühlmittelkühler (10) nachgeschaltet und an einer Einrichtung (39) zur Getriebeöltemperierung angeschlossen ist.10. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 9, characterized in that the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is connected downstream of a coolant cooler (10) and is connected to a device (39) for temperature control of the transmission oil.
11. Thermomanagement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Steuergerät (29) zum Zu- und Abschalten des Kältemittel-Kühlmittel-Wärmeübertragers (22) vorgesehen ist, an das Mittel zum Erfassen von Betriebsdaten und/oder Umgebungsparametern angeschlossen sind. 11. Thermal management according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a control device (29) for switching on and off the refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger (22) is provided, to which means for recording operating data and / or environmental parameters are connected ,
PCT/DE2001/000876 2000-03-13 2001-03-08 Thermal management for a motor vehicle with a coolant circuit and an air conditioning system WO2001069086A2 (en)

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