WO2001068645A2 - N-cyanomethylcarboxamides and their use as protease inhibitors - Google Patents

N-cyanomethylcarboxamides and their use as protease inhibitors Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001068645A2
WO2001068645A2 PCT/US2001/008332 US0108332W WO0168645A2 WO 2001068645 A2 WO2001068645 A2 WO 2001068645A2 US 0108332 W US0108332 W US 0108332W WO 0168645 A2 WO0168645 A2 WO 0168645A2
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Prior art keywords
thiazol
cyanomethylcarbamoyl
benzamide
methylbutyl
phenyl
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PCT/US2001/008332
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French (fr)
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WO2001068645A3 (en
Inventor
James T. Palmer
Eduardo L. Setti
Zong-Qiang Tian
Shankar Venkatraman
Dan-Xiong Wang
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Axys Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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Priority to AU2001245764A priority Critical patent/AU2001245764A1/en
Publication of WO2001068645A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001068645A2/en
Publication of WO2001068645A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001068645A3/en

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    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
    • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
    • C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
    • A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
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    • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/14—Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
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    • C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D211/56—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D211/58—Nitrogen atoms attached in position 4
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    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/74—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D239/32—One oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom
    • C07D239/42—One nitrogen atom
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/28—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/38—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D277/42—Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D295/155—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
    • C07D295/215—Radicals derived from nitrogen analogues of carbonic acid
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • This application relates to compounds and compositions for treating diseases associated with cysteine protease activity, particularly diseases associated with activity of cathepsins B, K, L or S.
  • Cysteine proteases represent a class of peptidases characterized by the presence of a cysteine residue in the catalytic site of the enzyme. Cysteine proteases are associated with the normal degradation and processing of proteins. The aberrant activity of cysteine proteases, e.g., as a result of increase expression or enhanced activation, however, may have pathological consequences. In this regard, certain cysteine proteases are associated with a number of disease states, including arthritis, muscular dystrophy, inflammation, tumor invasion, glomerulonephritis, malaria, periodontal disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy and others.
  • cathepsin B levels and redistribution of the enzyme are found in tumors; thus, suggesting a role for the enzyme in tumor invasion and metastasis.
  • aberrant cathepsin B activity is implicated in such disease states as rheumatoid arthritis, osteo arthritis, pneumocystis carinii, acute pancreatitis, inflammatory airway disease and bone and joint disorders.
  • cathepsin K in osteoclasts and osteoclast-related multinucleated cells and its high coUagenolytic activity suggest that the enzyme is involved in ososteoclast-mediated bone resorption and, hence, in bone abnormalities such as occurs in osteoporosis.
  • cathepsin K expression in the lung and its elastinolytic activity suggest that the enzyme plays a role in pulmonary disorders as well.
  • Cathepsin L is implicated in normal lysosomal proteolysis as well as several disease states, including, but not limited to, metastasis of melanomas.
  • Cathepsin S is implicated in Alzheimer's disease and certain autoimmune disorders, including, but not limited to juvenile onset diabetes, multiple sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris, Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythemotasus, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis; allergic disorders, including, but not limited to asthma; and allogeneic immune responses, including, but not limited to, rejection of organ transplants or tissue grafts.
  • cysteine protease activity contributes to the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease
  • molecules which are shown to inhibit the activity of this class of enzymes in particular molecules which are inhibitors of cathepsins B, K, L and/or S, will be useful as therapeutic agents.
  • An aspect of this invention is A compound which is selected from a group consisting of:
  • N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- 20 4-(2-piperazin-l-ylmethylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; ethyl 4- ⁇ 4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl ⁇ piperazine-l-carboxylate;
  • a second aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition which contains a compound of the invention or a N-oxide derivative, prodrug derivative, individual isomer or mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in admixture with one or more suitable excipients.
  • a third aspect of the invention is a method of treating a disease in an animal in which inhibition of a cysteine protease can prevent, inhibit or ameliorate the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease, which method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention or a N-oxide derivative, prodrug derivative, individual isomer or mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Alicyclic means a moiety characterized by arrangement of the carbon atoms in closed non-aromatic ring structures having properties resembling those of aliphatics and may be saturated or partially unsaturated with two or more double or triple bonds.
  • Aliphatic means a moiety characterized by straight or branched chain arrangement of the constituent carbon atoms and may be saturated or partially unsaturated with two or more double or triple bonds.
  • Alkyl indicated alone means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical having the number of carbon atoms indicated (e.g., (C ⁇ alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methylallyl, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, and the like).
  • Alkyl indicated as part of a larger radical means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic divalent radical having the number of atoms indicated or when 0 atoms are indicated means a bond (e.g., (C 0 . 3 )alkyl of (C 3 _ 12 )cycloalkyl(C 0 _ 3 )alkyl means a bond, methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, 1-methylethylene, or the like).
  • Alkylene unless indicated otherwise, means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, divalent radical having the number of carbon atoms indicated (e.g. (C j ⁇ alkylene includes methylene (-CH 2 -), ethylene (-CH 2 CH 2 -), trimethylene (-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -), 2-methyltrimethylene (-CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -), tetramethylene
  • R 5 is hydrogen and R 9 taken together with R 7 forms optionally substituted trimethylene is illustrated by the following: in which R is an optional hydroxy or oxo group and X 1 and R 11 are as defined in the
  • amino means the radical -NH 2 .
  • the compounds of the invention containing amino moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for amino moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
  • “Animal” includes humans, non-human mammals (e.g., dogs, cats, rabbits, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, swine, deer, etc.) and non-mammals (e.g., birds, etc.).
  • “Aryl” means a monocyclic or bicyclic ring assembly (fused or linked by a single bond) containing the total number of ring carbon atoms indicated, wherein each ring is comprised of 6 ring carbon atoms and is aromatic or when fused with a second ring forms an aromatic ring assembly.
  • (C 6.12 )aryl includes phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl.
  • “Aromatic” means a moiety wherein the constituent atoms make up an unsaturated ring system, all atoms in the ring system are sp2 hybridized and the total number of pi electrons is equal to 4n + 2.
  • Carbamoyl means the radical -C(O)NH 2 . Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing carbamoyl moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for carbamoyl moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like and both the unprotected and protected derivatives fall within the scope of the invention.
  • Carboxy means the radical -C(O)OH. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing carboxy moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for carboxy moieties include benzyl, tert-butyl, and the like.
  • Cycloalkyl means a saturated or partially unsaturated, monocyclic ring, bicyclic ring assembly (directly linked by a single bond or fused) or bridged polycyclic ring assembly containing the number of annular carbon atoms indicated, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g., (C 3 .
  • cycloalkyl includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, 2,5-cyclohexadienyl, bicyclohexylyl, cyclopentylcyclohexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, adamantan-1-yl, decahydronaphthalenyl, oxocyclohexyl, dioxocyclohexyl, thiocyclohexyl, 2-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-l-yl, etc.).
  • Cycloalkylene means a saturated or partially unsaturated, monocyclic ring or bridged polycyclic ring assembly containing the number of annular carbon atoms indicated, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof.
  • R 9 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which both R 9 and R 5 are attached form (C 3 . 8 )cycloalkylene includes, but is not limited to, the following:
  • X 1 and R 7 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention.
  • Disease specifically includes any unhealthy condition of an animal or part thereof and includes an unhealthy condition which may be caused by, or incident to, medical or veterinary therapy applied to that animal, i.e., the "side effects" of such therapy.
  • Guanidino means the radical -NHC(NH)NH 2 .
  • the compounds of the invention containing guanidino moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for amino moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
  • Halo means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • Halo-substituted alkyl as a group or part of a group, means “alkyl” substituted by one or more "halo" atoms, as such terms are defined in this Application.
  • Halo-substituted alkyl includes haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, perhaloalkyl and the like (e.g. halo-substituted ( . ⁇ alkyl includes chloromethyl, dicloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-l,l-dichloroethyl, and the like).
  • hetero(C 5.12 )aryl as used in this Application includes benzofuryl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, [2,4']bipyridinylyl, carbazolyl, carbolinyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, furazanyl, furyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, indolizinyl, isobenzofuryl, isochromenyl, isooxazolyl, isoquinolyl, isothiazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxazolyl, perimidinyl, 2-phenylpyridyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrazinyl, pyradazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolizinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrrol
  • Suitable protecting groups include tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, and the like.
  • a compound of the Invention wherein R 1 is piperidin-4-ylcarbonyl may exist as either the unprotected or a protected derivative, e.g. wherein R 1 is l-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylcarbonyl, and both the unprotected and protected derivatives fall within the scope of the invention.
  • R 3 and R 4 together with the carbon atom to which both R 3 and R 4 are attached form hetero(C 3 . g )cycloalkylene includes, but is not limited to, the following:
  • “Hydroxy” means the radical -OH. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing hydroxy radicals include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for hydroxy moieties include benzyl and the like.
  • Iminoketone derivative means a derivative containing the moiety -C(NR)-, wherein R is hydrogen or (C j. ⁇ alkyl.
  • Isomers mean compounds of the Invention having identical molecular formulae but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or in the arrangement of their atoms in space. Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “stereoisomers”. Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed “diastereomers” and stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images are termed “enantiomers” or sometimes "optical isomers”. A carbon atom bonded to four nonidentical substituents is termed a "chiral center”.
  • a compound with one chiral center has two enantiomeric forms of opposite chirality is termed a "racemic mixture".
  • a compound that has more than one chiral center has 2" "1 enantiomeric pairs, where n is the number of chiral centers.
  • Compounds with more than one chiral center may exist as ether an individual diastereomers or as a mixture of diastereomers, termed a "diastereomeric mixture”.
  • a stereoisomer may be characterized by the absolute configuration of that chiral center. Absolute configuration refers to the arrangement in space of the substituents attached to the chiral center.
  • Enantiomers are characterized by the absolute configuration of their chiral centers and described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn, Ingold and Prelog.
  • Conventions for stereochemical nomenclature methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well known in the art (e.g., see “Advanced Organic Chemistry", 3rd edition, March, Jerry, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1985). It is understood that the names and illustration used in this Application to describe compounds of the Invention are meant to be encompassed all possible stereoisomers.
  • l-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate is meant to include lS-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate and lR-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate and any mixture, racemic or otherwise, thereof.
  • Ketone derivative means a derivative containing the moiety -C(O)-.
  • R 9 together with R 7 forms trimethylene substituted methylene includes the following:
  • X 1 and R 11 are as defined in the Summary of the invention, and may be referred to as 2,2-methylene and 1,2-methylene, respectively.
  • "Nitro” means the radical -NO 2 .
  • "Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not.
  • the phrase “any 1 to 3 annular atoms of any aromatic ring with available valences comprising R 6 optionally independently is substituted” means that the aromatic ring referred to may or may not be substituted in order to fall within the scope of the invention.
  • N-oxide derivatives means a derivatives of compound of the Invention in which nitrogens are in an oxidized state (i.e., O ⁇ - ⁇ ) and which possess the desired pharmacological activity.
  • Phathology of a disease means the essential nature, causes and development of the disease as well as the structural and functional changes that result from the disease processes.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means that which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” means salts of compounds of the Invention which are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined above, and which possess the desired pharmacological activity. Such salts include acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartatic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, ⁇ -(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, madelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenes
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include base addition salts which may be formed when acidic protons present are capable of reacting with inorganic or organic bases.
  • Acceptable inorganic bases include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
  • Acceptable organic bases include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, N-methylglucamine and the like.
  • Phenylene- 1,2-dimethylene means the divalent radical -CH 2 C 6 H 4 CH 2 -, wherein the methylene moieties are attached at the 1- and 2-positions of the phenylene moiety.
  • a group of Formula (a), wherein R 9 together with R 7 form optionally substituted phenylene- 1 ,2-dimethylene is illustrated by the following formula:
  • R is an optional hydroxy or (C ⁇ alkyl group and X 1 and R 11 are as defined in the
  • Polycycloaryl means a bicyclic ring assembly (directly linked by a single bond or fused) containing the number of ring member carbon atoms indicated, wherein at least one, but not all, of the fused rings comprising the radical is aromatic, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g., (C 9.12 )polycycloaryl includes indanyl, indenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, 1,2-dihydronaphthalenyl, cyclohexylphenyl, phenylcyclohexyl, 2,4-dioxo-l,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, and the like).
  • Prodrug derivatives means derivatives of compounds of the Invention which are converted in vivo to the corresponding non-derivatized form of a compound of the
  • Protected derivatives means derivatives of compounds of the Invention in which a reactive site or sites are blocked with protecting groups.
  • Protected derivatives of compounds of the Invention are useful in the preparation of compounds of Formula I or in themselves may be active cysteine protease inhibitors. A comprehensive list of suitable protecting groups can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981.
  • “Therapeutically effective amount” means that amount which, when administered to an animal for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease.
  • Thioketone derivative means a derivative containing the moiety -C(S)-.
  • Treatment means any administration of a compound of the present invention and includes: (1) preventing the disease from occurring in an animal which may be predisposed to the disease but does not yet experience or display the pathology or symptomatology of the disease,
  • Ureido means the radical -NHC(O)NH 2 .
  • the compounds of the invention containing ureido moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for ureido moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
  • the compounds of the invention are cysteine protease inhibitors, in particular the compounds of the invention inhibit the activity of cathepsins B, L, K and/or S and, as such, are useful for treating diseases in which cathepsin B, L, K and/or S activity contributes to the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease.
  • the compounds of the invention are useful in treating tumor invasion and metastasis, in particular as anti-angiogenic agents, rheumatoid arthritis, osteo arthritis, pneumocystis carinii, acute pancreatitis, inflammatory airway disease and bone and joint disorders.
  • the compounds of the invention are useful in treating bone resorption disorders, e.g., osteoporosis.
  • the compounds of the invention also are useful in treating autoimmune disorders, including, but not limited to juvenile onset diabetes, multiple sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris, Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythemotasus, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, allergic disorders, including, but not limited to asthma, and allogeneic immune responses, including, but not limited to, organ transplants or tissue grafts.
  • cysteine protease inhibitory activities of the compounds of the invention can be determined by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Suitable in vitro assays for measuring protease activity and the inhibition thereof by test compounds are known. Typically, the assay measures protease induced hydrolysis of a peptide based substrate.
  • the compounds of the Invention and the intermediates and starting materials used in their preparation are named in accordance with IUPAC rules of nomenclature in which the characteristic groups have decreasing priority for citation as the principle group as follows: acids, esters, amides, etc.. Alternatively, the compounds are named by AutoNom 4.0 (Beilstein Information Systems, Inc.).
  • R 1 is 4-(2-meth-4-ylthiazolyl)benzoylaminobutyryl and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each hydrogen; that is, a compound having the following structure:
  • compositions In general, compounds of the Invention will be administered in therapeutically effective amounts via any of the usual and acceptable modes known in the art, either singly or in combination with another therapeutic agent.
  • a therapeutically effective amount may vary widely depending on the severity of the disease, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency of the compound used and other factors.
  • therapeutically effective amounts of a compound of the Invention may range from 0.1 micrograms per kilogram body weight ( ⁇ g/kg) per day to 10 milligram per kilogram body weight (mg/kg) per day, typically 1 ⁇ g/kg/day to 1 mg/kg/day.
  • a therapeutically effective amount for a 80 kg human patient may range from 10 ⁇ g/day to 100 mg/day, typically 0.1 mg/day to 10 mg/day.
  • a therapeutically effective amount for a 80 kg human patient may range from 10 ⁇ g/day to 100 mg/day, typically 0.1 mg/day to 10 mg/day.
  • the compounds of the Invention can be administered as pharmaceutical compositions by one of the following routes: oral, systemic (e.g., transdermal, intranasal or by suppository) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous).
  • routes oral, systemic (e.g., transdermal, intranasal or by suppository) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous).
  • compositions can take the form of tablets, pills, capsules, semisolids, powders, sustained release formulations, solutions, suspensions, elixirs, aerosols, or any other appropriate composition and are comprised of, in general, a compound of the Invention in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • Acceptable excipients are non-toxic, aid administration, and do not adversely affect the therapeutic benefit of the active ingredient.
  • excipient may be any solid, liquid, semisolid or, in the case of an aerosol composition, gaseous excipient that is generally available to one of skill in the art.
  • Solid pharmaceutical excipients include starch, cellulose, talc, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, sodium chloride, dried skim milk, and the like.
  • Liquid and semisolid excipients may be selected from water, ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol and various oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin (e.g., peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, etc.).
  • Preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions include water, saline, aqueous dextrose and glycols.
  • a composition of a compound of the Invention for treating a given disease will comprise from 0.01%w to 10%w, preferably 0.3 w to l%w, of active ingredient with the remainder being the excipient or excipients.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is administered in a single unit dosage form for continuous treatment or in a single unit dosage form ad libitum when relief of symptoms is specifically required.
  • Representative pharmaceutical formulations containing a compound of the Invention are described in Example 17.
  • the compounds of the Invention can be administered alone or in combination with other compounds of the Invention or in combination with one or more other active ingredient(s).
  • the compounds of the Invention can be administered in combination with a therapeutically active amount of a bisphosphonic acid or acid ester derivative or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • Suitable bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives include compounds corresponding to the following formula:
  • X 11 is a bond or (C 1 _ 7 )alkylene
  • each R 43 independently is hydrogen or (C 1 _ 30 )alkyl
  • R 44 and R 45 are selected independently from a group consisting of hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted (C 1 . 30 )alkyl, (C 3 . 30 )cycloalkyl, hetero(C 5 . 30 )cycloalkyl, optionally substituted (C 6 . 10 )aryl, hetero(C 6 .
  • each R 46 independently is hydrogen, (C 1 _ 10 )alkyl, (C 3 _ 10 )cycloalkyl, optionally substituted (C 6 . 10 )aryl, provided that both R 44 and R 45 are not selected from hydrogen or hydroxy when X 11 is a bond; or R 44 and R 45 taken together form (C 2 _ 9 )alkylene; wherein (C 3 . 10 )cycloalkyl includes adamantyl and the like, hetero(C 5 . 10 )cycloalkyl includes pyrrolidinyl and the like, (C 6 .
  • aryl includes phenyl and naphthyl, and hetero(C 6 _ 10 )aryl includes quinolyl, isoquinolyl, pyridyl, furyl, imidazolyl, imidazopyridyl and the like.
  • 10 )aryl includes quinolyl, isoquinolyl, pyridyl, furyl, imidazolyl, imidazopyridyl and the like.
  • Suitable optionally substituted aryl groups include, but are not limited to, halo-substituted phenyl.
  • a non-limiting class of bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives thereof suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those in which R 44 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy or halo, and R 45 is selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted (C 1 _ 30 )alkyl, halo and -SR 46 , wherein R 46 is (C 1 . 10 )alkyl or phenyl.
  • a non-limiting subclass of bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives thereof suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those in which R 44 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy and chloro and R 45 is selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted (C 1 . 30 )alkyl, chloro and chlorophenylthio.
  • a non-limiting example of a bisphosphonic acid suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include that in which X 11 is a bond, each R 43 is hydrogen, R 44 is hydroxy and R 45 is 3-aminopropyl, namely 4-amino- l-hydroxybutylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka alendronic acid), or the monosodium trihydrate salt thereof, namely 4-amino-l-hydroxybutylidene-l,l-bisphosphonate monosodium trihydrate (aka alendronate monosodium trihydrate), described in U.S.
  • Further non-limiting examples of bisphosphonic acids suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include the following: cycloheptylaminomethylene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka cimadronic acid), described in U.S.
  • 2-pyrid-2-ylethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka piridronic acid), described in U.S. Patent No. 4,761,406; l-hydroxy-2-pyrid-3-ylethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka risedronic acid);
  • a non-limiting subclass of bisphosphonic acids suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those selected from the group consisting of alendronic acid, cimadronic acid, clodronic acid, tiludronic acid, etidronic acid, ibandronic acid, risedronic acid, piridronic acid, pamidronic acid, zolendronic acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
  • a further example of a bisphosphonic acid suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention is alendronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
  • a further non-limiting example is alendronate monosodium trihydrate.
  • Compounds of the Invention can be administered in combination with a therapeutically active amount of an estrogen receptor agonist.
  • estrogen receptor agonists suitable for administration in combination with the compounds of the Invention include naturally occurring estrogens such as estradiol, estrone and estroil, or synthetic estrogen receptor agonists such as
  • estrogen receptor agonists suitable for administration in combination with the compounds of the Invention include estrogen receptor partial agonists (i.e., estrogen receptor agonists with mixed agonist/antagonist properties), sometimes referred to as estrogen receptor modulators.
  • Estrogen receptor partial agonists can exert tissue-selective estrogen agonist effects. Tamoxifen, for example, selectively exerts an estrogen agonist effect on the bone, in humans. Additional suitable estrogen receptor partial agonists are described in Tissue-Selective Actions Of Estrogen Analogs, Bone Vol. 17, No. 4, October 1995, 181S-190S. Certain 3-[4-(2-phenylindol-l-ylmethyl)phenyl]acrylamides, described in U.S. Patent 5,985,910 to
  • a pharmaceutical composition of this invention may comprise a therapeutically effect amount of a compound of the Invention in combination with one or more active ingredient(s) selected from the group consisting of (i) a therapeutically effect amount of a bisphosphonic acid or acid ester thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (ii) a therapeutically effect amount of an estrogen receptor agonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s).
  • Non-limiting examples of such bisphosphonic acids include l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-3-pyrrolidin-l-ylpropylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid, 1 -hydroxy ethylidene- 1,1-diphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-3-(N- methyl-N-pentylamino)propylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid, 6-amino- 1-hydroxyhexylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 3-(dimethylamino)- 1 -hydroxypropylidene- 1,1-bisphosphonic acid, 3-amino-l-hydroxypropylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid, 2-pyrid-2-ylethylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 1 -hydroxy-2-pyrid-3 -ylethylidene- 1,1- bisphosphonic acid, 4-chlorophen
  • Y is hydrogen or an activating group (e.g., 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl (NBS), and the like) and each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention.
  • NBS 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl
  • Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 2, or a protected derivative thereof, with a compound of the formula R'OY, or a protected derivative thereof, and then optionally deprotecting.
  • the reaction is carried out in the presence of a suitable acylation catalyst (e.g., triethylamine) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), methylene chloride, or any suitable combination thereof) at 10 to 30°C, preferably at about 25°C, and requires 24 to 30 hours to complete.
  • a suitable acylation catalyst e.g., triethylamine
  • a suitable solvent e.g., acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), methylene chloride, or any suitable combination thereof
  • Y is hydrogen the reaction can be effected in the presence of a suitable coupling agent (e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP®), l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), O-benzotriazol-1 -yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), or the like) and base (e.g., N,N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, or the like) and requires 2 to 15 hours to complete.
  • a suitable coupling agent e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (Py
  • the reaction can be carried out by treating the compound of .formula R OH with N-methylmorpholine and isobutyl chloroformate in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF, or the like) at between 0 and 5°C for 30 minutes to an hour and then introducing the compound of Formula 2 to the reaction mixture and allowing the reaction to proceed for 12 to 15 hours.
  • a suitable solvent e.g., THF, or the like
  • Deprotection can be effected by any means which removes the protecting group and gives the desired product in reasonable yield. A detailed description of the techniques applicable to the creation of protecting groups and their removal can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981.
  • compounds of the Invention can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a compound of the formula R ⁇ SS, wherein SS is a suitable solid support
  • the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a suitable acylation catalyst (e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or the like) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., dry pyrimidine, or the like) and requires 60 to 70 hours to complete.
  • a suitable acylation catalyst e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or the like
  • a suitable solvent e.g., dry pyrimidine, or the like
  • Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by treating a compound of Formula 3, or a protected derivative thereof, with ammonia to provide a corresponding amide, then reacting the amide with a suitable dehydrating agent (e.g., trifluoroacetic anhydride, cyanuric chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphonyl chloride, and the like) and optionally deprotecting.
  • a suitable dehydrating agent e.g., trifluoroacetic anhydride, cyanuric chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphonyl chloride, and the like
  • the reaction with the ammonia is carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., methanol) at between 0 and 5°C and requires 6 to 10 days to complete.
  • the reaction with the dehydrating agent is carried out in the presence of a suitable base (e.g, triethylamine) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the like) at between 0 and 50 °C and requires 1 to 2 hours to complete.
  • a suitable base e.g, triethylamine
  • a suitable solvent e.g., tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the like
  • a compound of the Invention can be prepared as a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt by reacting the free base form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salt of a compound of the Invention can be prepared by reacting the free acid form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic base.
  • Inorganic and organic acids and bases suitable for the preparation of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of the Invention are set forth in the definitions section of this application.
  • the salt forms of the compounds of Formula I can be prepared using salts of the starting materials or intermediates.
  • the free acid or free base forms of the compounds of Formula I can be prepared from the corresponding base addition salt or acid addition salt form.
  • a compound of the Invention in an acid addition salt form can be converted to the corresponding free base by treating with a suitable base (e.g., ammonium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide, etc.).
  • a compound of Formula I in a base addition salt form can be converted to the corresponding free acid by treating with a suitable acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid, etc).
  • a suitable base e.g., ammonium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide, etc.
  • a compound of Formula I in a base addition salt form can be converted to the corresponding free acid by treating with a suitable acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid, etc).
  • the N-oxides of compounds of the Invention can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, N-oxides can be prepared by treating an unoxidized form of the compound of the Invention with an
  • a suitable inert organic solvent e.g., a halogenated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride
  • N-oxides of the compounds of the Invention can be prepared from the N-oxide of an appropriate starting material.
  • Compounds of the Invention in unoxidized form can be prepared from N-oxides of compounds of Formula I by treating with a reducing agent (e.g., sulfur, sulfur dioxide, triphenyl phosphine, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, phosphorus trichloride, tribromide, etc.) in an suitable inert organic solvent (e.g., acetonitrile, ethanol, aqueous dioxane, etc.) at 0 to 80 °C.
  • a reducing agent e.g., sulfur, sulfur dioxide, triphenyl phosphine, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, phosphorus trichloride, tribromide, etc.
  • an inert organic solvent e.g., acetonitrile, ethanol, aqueous dioxane, etc.
  • Prodrug derivatives of the compounds of the Invention can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art (e.g., for further details see Saulnier et ⁇ Z.(1994), Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 4:1985).
  • appropriate prodrugs can be prepared by reacting a non-derivatized compound of the Invention with a suitable carbamylating agent (e.g., l,l-acyloxyalkylcarbonochloridate,p_-r---ni_rophenyl carbonate, etc.).
  • Protected derivatives of the compounds of the Invention can be made by means known to those of ordinary skill in the art. A detailed description of the techniques applicable to the creation of protecting groups and their removal can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981.
  • Compounds of the Invention can be prepared as their individual stereoisomers by reacting a racemic mixture of the compound with an optically active resolving agent to form a pair of diastereoisomeric compounds, separating the diastereomers and recovering the optically pure enantiomer. While resolution of enantiomers can be carried out using covalent diasteromeric derivatives of compounds of the Invention, dissociable complexes are preferred (e.g., crystalline diastereoisomeric salts). Diastereomers have distinct physical properties (e.g., melting points, boiling points, solubilities, reactivity, etc.) and can be readily separated by taking advantage of these disimilarities.
  • the diastereomers can be separated by chromatography or, preferably, by separation/resolution techniques based upon differences in solubility.
  • the optically pure enantiomer is then recovered, along with the resolving agent, by any practical means that would not result in racemization.
  • a more detailed description of the techniques applicable to the resolution of stereoisomers of compounds from their racemic mixture can be found in Jean Jacques Andre Collet, Samuel H. Wilen, Enantiomers, Racemates and Resolutions, Honh Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1981).
  • an aspect of the invention is a process for preparing a compound of the Invention, which process comprises: (A) reacting a compound of Formula 2:
  • R 19 is an amino protecting group and each R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are as defined in the
  • Compounds of Formula 4 can be prepared by treating a corresponding alkanoyl halide with ammonia. The treatment is carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., dichloromethane, 5% aqueous sodium carbonate, and the like, or any suitable combination thereof) at 10 to 30°C and requires 30 minutes to an hour to complete.
  • a suitable solvent e.g., dichloromethane, 5% aqueous sodium carbonate, and the like, or any suitable combination thereof
  • the alkanoyl halide intermediates can be prepared from the corresponding alkanoic acid by treating with thionyl chloride in a suitable solvent (e.g., dichloromethane) under nitrogen for 30 minutes to an hour.
  • a suitable solvent e.g., dichloromethane
  • R 19 is an amino protecting group (e.g., tert-butoxycarbonyl, fluoren-9- ylmethoxycarbonyl, or the like) and each X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , R 5 and R 7 are as defined for Formula I in the Summary of the Invention, with a suitable solid support resin (e.g, Wang (4-benzyloxybenzyl alcohol) resin, thiophenol resin, or the like), deprotecting to provide, respectively, a compound of Formula 6(a) or 6(b):
  • a suitable solid support resin e.g, Wang (4-benzyloxybenzyl alcohol) resin, thiophenol resin, or the like
  • SS is a solid support and then reacting the compound of Formula 6(a) or 6(b) with a compound of the formula R 6 OH (e.g., benzoic acid, indole-5-carboxylic acid,
  • the reaction between the compound of Formula 5(a) or 5(b) and the resin is carried out in the presence of a suitable coupling agent (e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (e.g., diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), PyBOP®, EDC, HBTU, DCC, or the like) and acylation
  • a suitable coupling agent e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (e.g., diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), PyBOP®, EDC, HBTU, DCC, or the like
  • a suitable coupling agent e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (e.g., diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC),
  • 0 catalyst e.g., N,N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine,
  • Compounds of the formula R OH can be prepared by treating a compound of formula R ⁇ SS with a suitable acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, or the like) in a suitable acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, or the like) in a suitable acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, or the like) in a suitable acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, or the like) in a suitable
  • R x OH in which X 1 is -C(O)- and X 2 is -CHR 9 - can be prepared by alkylating an organometallic compound of Formula 7(a) or 7(b):
  • Example 10 N-ri-(4-cyanotetrahydropyran-4-ylcarbamoyl)cvclohexyl1- 4-12-r4-methylpiperazin-l-vDthiazol-4-yllbenzamide (Compound 344); 1H ⁇ MR (DMSO- d 6 , ppm): 1.25-1.42 (m, 4 H), 1.55-1.91 (m, 6 H), 2.81 (s, 3 H), 3.11-3.87 (m, 10 H), 4.17- 4.23 (m, 2 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 7.88 (m, 5 H); ES-Ms: 537.1 (M+H + ); and
  • Product was purified from the crude solid by reversed phase preparative TLC, using a mixture of acetonitrile/water (8/2) as the mobile phase, to provide N-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide methanesulfonic acid salt ( 90 mg, 31% yield).
  • N-r4-dS-cvanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl1-4-benzylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (as a white solid ( 0.14 g, 46% yield).
  • ⁇ MR 270 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) ⁇ 0.84 (d, 3), 0.88 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.75 (m, 3), 3.1 - 3.4 (m, 6), 4.10 (t, 2), 4.2 - 4.3 (m, 2), 4.35 (br. s, 2), 4.48 (m, 1), 7.48 (br.
  • Example 16 provided the following compounds of the Invention: 3 - f3-d -benzylpyrrolidin-3 -yl)-3 -methylureidol -N ⁇ ( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl V 3-methylbutvDbenzamide (Compound 375); NMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d 6 , mixture of diastereomers) ⁇ 0.86 (d, 3), 0.90 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.77 (m, 3), 2.0 - 2.4 (m, 2), 2.95 and 2.97 (s, 3), 3.1 - 3.7 (m, 4), 4.12 (d, 2), 4.25 - 4.53 (m, 3), 4.7 - 4.9 (m, 1), 7.30 - 7.37 (m, 1), 7.45 - 7.53 (m, 6), 7.91 (s, 1), 8.47 (d, 1), 8.59 (s, 1), 8.72 (m, 1); ESI-MS m/z 505.2 (M+l);
  • test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 ⁇ L of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 ⁇ L, comprising: N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (BES), 50 mM (pH 6); polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate, 0.05%; and dithiothreitol (DTT), 2.5 mM).
  • BES N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid
  • BES polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate
  • DTT dithiothreitol
  • test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 ⁇ L of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 ⁇ L, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM).
  • assay buffer 40 ⁇ L, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM).
  • Human cathepsin K (0.0906 pMoles in 25 ⁇ L of assay buffer) was added to the dilutions.
  • the assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature.
  • Z-Phe-Arg-AMC (4 nMoles in 25 ⁇ L of assay buffer) was added to the assay solutions and hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at ( ⁇ 460 nm) for 5 minutes. Apparent inhibition constants (K were calculated from the enzyme progress curves using standard mathematical models.
  • test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 ⁇ L of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 ⁇ L, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM).
  • assay buffer 40 ⁇ L, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM).
  • Human cathepsin L (0.05 pMoles in 25 ⁇ L of assay buffer) was added fo the dilutions.
  • the assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature.
  • EXAMPLE 20 Cathepsin S Assay Solutions of test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 ⁇ L of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 ⁇ L, comprising: MES, - 50 mM (pH 6.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and NaCl, 100 mM). Human cathepsin S (0.158 pMoles in 25 ⁇ L of assay buffer) was added to the dilutions. The assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • the resulting tablets are useful for administration in accordance with the methods of this invention for treating or preventing a cathepsin mediated disease state, such as osteoporosis.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to novel N-cyanomethyl amides which are cysteine protease inhibitors, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and N-oxides thereof, their uses as therapeutic agents and the methods of their making.

Description

NOVEL COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS AS PROTEASE INHIBITORS
THE INVENTION
This application relates to compounds and compositions for treating diseases associated with cysteine protease activity, particularly diseases associated with activity of cathepsins B, K, L or S.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIELD
Cysteine proteases represent a class of peptidases characterized by the presence of a cysteine residue in the catalytic site of the enzyme. Cysteine proteases are associated with the normal degradation and processing of proteins. The aberrant activity of cysteine proteases, e.g., as a result of increase expression or enhanced activation, however, may have pathological consequences. In this regard, certain cysteine proteases are associated with a number of disease states, including arthritis, muscular dystrophy, inflammation, tumor invasion, glomerulonephritis, malaria, periodontal disease, metachromatic leukodystrophy and others. For example, increased cathepsin B levels and redistribution of the enzyme are found in tumors; thus, suggesting a role for the enzyme in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, aberrant cathepsin B activity is implicated in such disease states as rheumatoid arthritis, osteo arthritis, pneumocystis carinii, acute pancreatitis, inflammatory airway disease and bone and joint disorders.
The prominent expression of cathepsin K in osteoclasts and osteoclast-related multinucleated cells and its high coUagenolytic activity suggest that the enzyme is involved in ososteoclast-mediated bone resorption and, hence, in bone abnormalities such as occurs in osteoporosis. In addition, cathepsin K expression in the lung and its elastinolytic activity suggest that the enzyme plays a role in pulmonary disorders as well.
Cathepsin L is implicated in normal lysosomal proteolysis as well as several disease states, including, but not limited to, metastasis of melanomas. Cathepsin S is implicated in Alzheimer's disease and certain autoimmune disorders, including, but not limited to juvenile onset diabetes, multiple sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris, Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythemotasus, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis; allergic disorders, including, but not limited to asthma; and allogeneic immune responses, including, but not limited to, rejection of organ transplants or tissue grafts. In view of the number of diseases wherein it is recognized that an increase in cysteine protease activity contributes to the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease, molecules which are shown to inhibit the activity of this class of enzymes, in particular molecules which are inhibitors of cathepsins B, K, L and/or S, will be useful as therapeutic agents.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An aspect of this invention is A compound which is selected from a group consisting of:
N-(lS-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-2-methylbutyl)-
4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbut-3-enyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-( 1 -Cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl] - 4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-[l-(4-cyanotetrahydropyran-4-ylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl]- 4- [2-(4-methylpiperazin- 1 -yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-[2-(l-methylpyrid-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
4-[2-(l-carbamoylmethylpyridin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutyl)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-[2-(l-methylpyridin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4- [2-( 1 -methylpyridin-4-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide ;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-[2-(l-allylpyrid-4-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; ethyl 4- { 4- [4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidine-l-carboxylate; ethyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidine-l-carboxylate;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenoxymethyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3 -methylbutylcarbamoyl)piperidin- 1 -ylmethyl] thiazol-2-yl } piperazine- 1 -carboxylate ;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl]- -(4-morpholin-4-ylmethylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide; tert-butyl 4- { 2-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl}phenylamino]thiazol-4-ylmethyl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(l-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)- -methylbutylcarbamoyljphenyl } thiazol-2-yl)piperazine- 1 -carboxylate ;
N-[lS-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl]- -[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; tert-butyl 4-(4- { 4- [ lS-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-ylmethyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl - { 4- [4-( 1 -cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenyl] thiazol-2-yl } piperazine- l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4- { 4- [ 1 -cyanomethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexylcarbamoyl]phenyl } thiazol-2-ylmethyl)pipera zine-1-carboxylate;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide; 5 N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-ylmethoxy)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- L0 l-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-ylmethyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(4-piperazin- 1 -ylmethyltMazol-2-ylamino)benzamide;
N- [ 1 S-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl] - 4-(2-piperazin-l-yl-thiazol-4-yl)benzamide; L 5 N! - [ 1 S-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)-3 -methylbutyl] -
4-(2-piperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)-4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide
N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- 20 4-(2-piperazin-l-ylmethylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; ethyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- 4-benzylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide; 25 3-[3-(l-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-3-methylureido]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl)-
3-methylbutyl)benzamide;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine- 1 -carboxamide;
N- [3 -( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl] - 30 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine-l -carboxamide;
4-[3-(l-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureido]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide;
4- [3 -( 1 -benzylpyrrolidin-3S-yl)-3 -methylureido] -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide;
4-[3-(l-benzylρyrrolidin-3R-yl)-3-methylureido]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- -pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine-l-carboxamide;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-4-(2-oxo- -pyrrolidin- 1 -ylethyl)piperazine- 1 -carboxamide; N- [3-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl] - -pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine-l-carboxamide;
N-[3-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl}-4-(2-oxo- -pyrrolidin-l-ylethyl)piperazine-l-carboxamide;
N-[3-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- -benzylpiperazine-l -carboxamide;
3 - [3-( 1 -benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureido] -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide ;
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- -(2-pyrid-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-ylbenzamide; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- -(2-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- -(2-pyrid-2-ylamino)thiazol-4-ylbenzamide;
N-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl }isonicotinamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- -[4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazin-l-yl]benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- -(4-pyrid-4-ylpiperazin- 1 -yl)benzamide; N-[lS-(l-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl]- -[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; N-(lR-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzyl lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3 -methylbutylc arbamate ; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-4-[N-methyl- N-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-yl)amino]benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenoxymethyl]thiazol-2-yl}piper azine- 1 -carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(l-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-ylamino)piperidine-l-carboxylate;
N- [ 1 S-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3 -methylbutyl] - 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidi ne-1-carboxylate;
N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-methyl-butyl]-4-[2-(pyridin-3-ylamino)-thiazol- 4-yl]-benzamide;
N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-cyclohexyl]-4-[2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)- thiazol-4-yl]-benzamide;
4-(4- { 4- [1 -(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)- cyclohexylcarbamoyl]phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid ethyl ester; (S)-4-Methyl-2- [4-(4-mo_pholin-4-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-yla_nino]-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-[4-(4-pyrrolidin-l-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino]-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-[4-(3-phenylsulfonylureidophenyl)thiazol-2-ylamino)-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-{4-[3-(3-phenyl-ureido)-phenyl]-thiazol-2-ylamino}-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide ;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-(4-{3-[3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)-p entanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-(4-{3-[3-((R)-l-phenyl-ethyl)-ureido]-phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)- pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-cyclohexyl]-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzam ide;
(3-{2-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-butylamino]-thiazol-4-yl}- phenyl)-carbamic acid 3,4-dichloro-benzyl ester; N-[(S)-l-(l-Cyano-cyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-butyl]-4-(2-piperazin-l-ylmet hyl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide;
N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-but-3-enyl]- 4- [2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)-thiazol-4-yl] -benzamide ;
N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl]-4-[2-(pyridin-4-ylami no)-thiazol-5-yl]-benzamide;
N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl- ethyl]-4-[2-(pyrichn-4-ylamino)-thiazol-4-yl]-benzaιr_ide; and
N-[(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-dimethylamino-ethyl]-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl- thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide; and the N-oxide derivatives, prodrug derivatives, protected derivatives, individual isomers and mixtures of isomers; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
A second aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition which contains a compound of the invention or a N-oxide derivative, prodrug derivative, individual isomer or mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in admixture with one or more suitable excipients.
A third aspect of the invention is a method of treating a disease in an animal in which inhibition of a cysteine protease can prevent, inhibit or ameliorate the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease, which method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention or a N-oxide derivative, prodrug derivative, individual isomer or mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions:
Unless otherwise stated, the following terms used in the specification and claims are defined for the purposes of this Application and have the meanings given this Section:
" Alicyclic" means a moiety characterized by arrangement of the carbon atoms in closed non-aromatic ring structures having properties resembling those of aliphatics and may be saturated or partially unsaturated with two or more double or triple bonds. "Aliphatic" means a moiety characterized by straight or branched chain arrangement of the constituent carbon atoms and may be saturated or partially unsaturated with two or more double or triple bonds.
"Alkyl" indicated alone means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical having the number of carbon atoms indicated (e.g., (C^alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, isopropenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methylallyl, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, and the like). Alkyl indicated as part of a larger radical (e.g., as in arylalkyl) means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic divalent radical having the number of atoms indicated or when 0 atoms are indicated means a bond (e.g., (C0.3)alkyl of (C3_12)cycloalkyl(C0_3)alkyl means a bond, methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, 1-methylethylene, or the like).
"Alkylene", unless indicated otherwise, means a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, divalent radical having the number of carbon atoms indicated (e.g. (Cj^alkylene includes methylene (-CH2-), ethylene (-CH2CH2-), trimethylene (-CH2CH2CH2-), 2-methyltrimethylene (-CH2CH(CH3)CH2-), tetramethylene
(-CH2CH2CH2CH2-), 2-butenylene (-CH2CH=CHCH2-), 2-methyltetramethylene
(-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2-), pentamethylene (~CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-) and the like). For example, the instance wherein R5 is hydrogen and R9 taken together with R7 forms optionally substituted trimethylene is illustrated by the following:
Figure imgf000010_0001
in which R is an optional hydroxy or oxo group and X1 and R11 are as defined in the
Summary of the Invention. " Alkylidene" means a straight or branched saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, divalent radical having the number of carbon atoms indicated (e.g. (C^alkylidene includes methylene (=CH2), ethylidene (=CHCH3), isopropylidene (=C(CH3)2), propylidene
(=CHCH2CH3), allylidene (=CHCH=CH2), and the like).
"Amino" means the radical -NH2. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing amino moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for amino moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
"Animal" includes humans, non-human mammals (e.g., dogs, cats, rabbits, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, swine, deer, etc.) and non-mammals (e.g., birds, etc.). "Aryl" means a monocyclic or bicyclic ring assembly (fused or linked by a single bond) containing the total number of ring carbon atoms indicated, wherein each ring is comprised of 6 ring carbon atoms and is aromatic or when fused with a second ring forms an aromatic ring assembly. For example,(C6.12)aryl includes phenyl, naphthyl and biphenylyl. "Aromatic" means a moiety wherein the constituent atoms make up an unsaturated ring system, all atoms in the ring system are sp2 hybridized and the total number of pi electrons is equal to 4n + 2.
"Carbamoyl" means the radical -C(O)NH2. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing carbamoyl moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for carbamoyl moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like and both the unprotected and protected derivatives fall within the scope of the invention.
"Carboxy" means the radical -C(O)OH. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing carboxy moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for carboxy moieties include benzyl, tert-butyl, and the like.
"Cycloalkyl" means a saturated or partially unsaturated, monocyclic ring, bicyclic ring assembly (directly linked by a single bond or fused) or bridged polycyclic ring assembly containing the number of annular carbon atoms indicated, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g., (C3.12)cycloalkyl includes cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, 2,5-cyclohexadienyl, bicyclohexylyl, cyclopentylcyclohexyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, adamantan-1-yl, decahydronaphthalenyl, oxocyclohexyl, dioxocyclohexyl, thiocyclohexyl, 2-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-l-yl, etc.).
"Cycloalkylene" means a saturated or partially unsaturated, monocyclic ring or bridged polycyclic ring assembly containing the number of annular carbon atoms indicated, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof. For example, the instance wherein R9 and R5 together with the carbon atom to which both R9 and R5 are attached form (C3.8)cycloalkylene" includes, but is not limited to, the following:
Figure imgf000011_0001
in which X1 and R7 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention. "Disease" specifically includes any unhealthy condition of an animal or part thereof and includes an unhealthy condition which may be caused by, or incident to, medical or veterinary therapy applied to that animal, i.e., the "side effects" of such therapy.
"Guanidino" means the radical -NHC(NH)NH2. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing guanidino moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for amino moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
"Halo" means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
"Halo-substituted alkyl", as a group or part of a group, means "alkyl" substituted by one or more "halo" atoms, as such terms are defined in this Application. Halo-substituted alkyl includes haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, perhaloalkyl and the like (e.g. halo-substituted ( .^alkyl includes chloromethyl, dicloromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoro-l,l-dichloroethyl, and the like). "Heteroaryl" means aryl, as defined in this Application, provided that one or more of the ring member carbon atoms indicated, is replaced by heteroatom moiety selected from -N=, -NR-, -O- or -S-, wherein R is hydrogen, (C^^alkyl or a protecting group, and each ring contained therein is comprised of 5 to 6 ring member atoms. For example, hetero(C5.12)aryl as used in this Application includes benzofuryl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, [2,4']bipyridinylyl, carbazolyl, carbolinyl, chromenyl, cinnolinyl, furazanyl, furyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, indolizinyl, isobenzofuryl, isochromenyl, isooxazolyl, isoquinolyl, isothiazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxazolyl, perimidinyl, 2-phenylpyridyl, phthalazinyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrazinyl, pyradazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolizinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, pyranyl, quinazolinyl, quinolizinyl, quinolyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolyl, 4-thiazol-4-ylphenyl, thienyl, xanthenyl, and the like. Suitable protecting groups include tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, and the like.
"Heterocycloalkyl" means cycloalkyl, as defined herein, provided that one or more of the ring member carbon atoms indicated is replaced by heteroatom moiety selected from -N=, -NR-, -O- , -S- or -S(O)2, wherein R is hydrogen, (C^alkyl or a protecting group, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g. the term heterocyclo(C5.12)alkyl includes [l,4']bipiperidinylyl, dihydrooxazolyl, morpholinyl, l-morpholin-4-ylpiperidinyl, piperazinyl, piperidyl, pirazolidinyl, pirazolinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, quinuclidinyl, and the like). Suitable protecting groups include tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, benzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, and the like. For example, a compound of the Invention wherein R1 is piperidin-4-ylcarbonyl may exist as either the unprotected or a protected derivative, e.g. wherein R1 is l-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylcarbonyl, and both the unprotected and protected derivatives fall within the scope of the invention. "Heterocycloalkylene" means cycloalkylene, as defined in this Application, provided that one or more of the ring member carbon atoms indicated, is replaced by heteroatom moiety selected from -N=, -NR-, -O-, -S- or -S(O)2~, wherein R is hydrogen or (Cj. alkyl. For example, the instance wherein R3 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which both R3 and R4 are attached form hetero(C3.g)cycloalkylene" includes, but is not limited to, the following:
Figure imgf000013_0001
in which R is hydrogen, (C^alkyl or a protecting group and R2 is as defined in the Summary of the Invention. "Heteropolycycloaryl" means polycycloaryl, as defined herein, except one or more of the annular carbon atoms indicated are replaced by a heteroatom moiety selected from -N=, -NR-, -O-, -S- or ~S(O)2- wherein R is hydrogen, (C1_6)alkyl or a protecting group, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g., hetero(Cg,12)polycycloaryl includes 3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolinyl, 5,6,7, 8-tetrahydroquinolinyl, 3,4-dihydro-2H-[l,8]naphthyridinyl, morpholinylpyridyl, piperidinylphenyl, l,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-[2,2']bipyridinylyl, 2,4-dioxo-3 ,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolinyl, 3 -oxo-2,3 -dihydrobenzo [ 1 ,4] oxazinyl, etc .) . "Heteroatom moiety" includes -N=, -NR-, -O-, -S- or -S(O)2~, wherein R is hydrogen, (C1_6)alkyl or a protecting group. "Hydroxy" means the radical -OH. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing hydroxy radicals include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for hydroxy moieties include benzyl and the like.
"Iminoketone derivative" means a derivative containing the moiety -C(NR)-, wherein R is hydrogen or (Cj.^alkyl. "Isomers" mean compounds of the Invention having identical molecular formulae but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or in the arrangement of their atoms in space. Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed "stereoisomers". Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed "diastereomers" and stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images are termed "enantiomers" or sometimes "optical isomers". A carbon atom bonded to four nonidentical substituents is termed a "chiral center". A compound with one chiral center has two enantiomeric forms of opposite chirality is termed a "racemic mixture". A compound that has more than one chiral center has 2""1 enantiomeric pairs, where n is the number of chiral centers. Compounds with more than one chiral center may exist as ether an individual diastereomers or as a mixture of diastereomers, termed a "diastereomeric mixture". When one chiral center is present a stereoisomer may be characterized by the absolute configuration of that chiral center. Absolute configuration refers to the arrangement in space of the substituents attached to the chiral center. Enantiomers are characterized by the absolute configuration of their chiral centers and described by the R- and S-sequencing rules of Cahn, Ingold and Prelog. Conventions for stereochemical nomenclature, methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well known in the art (e.g., see "Advanced Organic Chemistry", 3rd edition, March, Jerry, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1985). It is understood that the names and illustration used in this Application to describe compounds of the Invention are meant to be encompassed all possible stereoisomers. Thus, for example, the name l-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate is meant to include lS-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate and lR-(l-cyano-l-methylethylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamate and any mixture, racemic or otherwise, thereof.
"Ketone derivative" means a derivative containing the moiety -C(O)-. "Methylene" means the divalent radical -CH2- or CH2=, wherein its free valances can be attached to different atoms or the same atom. For example, the instance wherein R9 together with R7 forms trimethylene substituted methylene includes the following:
Figure imgf000014_0001
in which X1 and R11 are as defined in the Summary of the invention, and may be referred to as 2,2-methylene and 1,2-methylene, respectively. "Nitro" means the radical -NO2. "Optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For example, the phrase "any 1 to 3 annular atoms of any aromatic ring with available valences comprising R6 optionally independently is substituted" means that the aromatic ring referred to may or may not be substituted in order to fall within the scope of the invention.
"N-oxide derivatives" means a derivatives of compound of the Invention in which nitrogens are in an oxidized state (i.e., O<-Ν) and which possess the desired pharmacological activity. "Oxo" means the radical =O.
"Pathology" of a disease means the essential nature, causes and development of the disease as well as the structural and functional changes that result from the disease processes.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable" means that which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary use as well as human pharmaceutical use.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable salts" means salts of compounds of the Invention which are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined above, and which possess the desired pharmacological activity. Such salts include acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like; or with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, cyclopentanepropionic acid, glycolic acid, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartatic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, σ-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, madelic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, »-toluenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, 4-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-l-carboxylic acid, glucoheptonic acid, 4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-ene-l-carboxylic acid), 3-phenylpropionic acid, trimethylacetic acid, tertiary butylacetic acid, lauryl sulfuric acid, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, salicylic acid, stearic acid, muconic acid and the like.
Pharmaceutically acceptable salts also include base addition salts which may be formed when acidic protons present are capable of reacting with inorganic or organic bases. Acceptable inorganic bases include sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
Acceptable organic bases include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, N-methylglucamine and the like.
"Phenylene- 1,2-dimethylene" means the divalent radical -CH2C6H4CH2-, wherein the methylene moieties are attached at the 1- and 2-positions of the phenylene moiety. For example, a group of Formula (a), wherein R9 together with R7 form optionally substituted phenylene- 1 ,2-dimethylene is illustrated by the following formula:
Figure imgf000016_0001
in which R is an optional hydroxy or (C^alkyl group and X1 and R11 are as defined in the
Summary of the Invention.
"Polycycloaryl" means a bicyclic ring assembly (directly linked by a single bond or fused) containing the number of ring member carbon atoms indicated, wherein at least one, but not all, of the fused rings comprising the radical is aromatic, and any carbocyclic ketone, thioketone or iminoketone derivative thereof (e.g., (C9.12)polycycloaryl includes indanyl, indenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, 1,2-dihydronaphthalenyl, cyclohexylphenyl, phenylcyclohexyl, 2,4-dioxo-l,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, and the like).
"Prodrug derivatives" means derivatives of compounds of the Invention which are converted in vivo to the corresponding non-derivatized form of a compound of the
Invention.
"Protected derivatives" means derivatives of compounds of the Invention in which a reactive site or sites are blocked with protecting groups. Protected derivatives of compounds of the Invention are useful in the preparation of compounds of Formula I or in themselves may be active cysteine protease inhibitors. A comprehensive list of suitable protecting groups can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981. "Therapeutically effective amount" means that amount which, when administered to an animal for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease.
"Thioketone derivative" means a derivative containing the moiety -C(S)-.
"Treatment" or "treating" means any administration of a compound of the present invention and includes: (1) preventing the disease from occurring in an animal which may be predisposed to the disease but does not yet experience or display the pathology or symptomatology of the disease,
(2) inhibiting the disease in an animal that is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the diseased (i.e., arresting further development of the pathology and/or symptomatology), or
(3) ameliorating the disease in an animal that is experiencing or displaying the pathology or symptomatology of the diseased (i.e., reversing the pathology and/or symptomatology) .
"Ureido" means the radical -NHC(O)NH2. Unless indicated otherwise, the compounds of the invention containing ureido moieties include protected derivatives thereof. Suitable protecting groups for ureido moieties include acetyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and the like.
Pharmacology and Utility: The compounds of the invention are cysteine protease inhibitors, in particular the compounds of the invention inhibit the activity of cathepsins B, L, K and/or S and, as such, are useful for treating diseases in which cathepsin B, L, K and/or S activity contributes to the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease. For example, the compounds of the invention are useful in treating tumor invasion and metastasis, in particular as anti-angiogenic agents, rheumatoid arthritis, osteo arthritis, pneumocystis carinii, acute pancreatitis, inflammatory airway disease and bone and joint disorders. Furthermore, the compounds of the invention are useful in treating bone resorption disorders, e.g., osteoporosis. The compounds of the invention also are useful in treating autoimmune disorders, including, but not limited to juvenile onset diabetes, multiple sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris, Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythemotasus, rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, allergic disorders, including, but not limited to asthma, and allogeneic immune responses, including, but not limited to, organ transplants or tissue grafts.
The cysteine protease inhibitory activities of the compounds of the invention can be determined by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Suitable in vitro assays for measuring protease activity and the inhibition thereof by test compounds are known. Typically, the assay measures protease induced hydrolysis of a peptide based substrate.
Nomenclature:
The compounds of the Invention and the intermediates and starting materials used in their preparation The compounds of the invention and the intermediates and starting materials used in their preparation are named in accordance with IUPAC rules of nomenclature in which the characteristic groups have decreasing priority for citation as the principle group as follows: acids, esters, amides, etc.. Alternatively, the compounds are named by AutoNom 4.0 (Beilstein Information Systems, Inc.). For example, a compound of the Invention in which R1 is 4-(2-meth-4-ylthiazolyl)benzoylaminobutyryl and R2, R3 and R4 are each hydrogen; that is, a compound having the following structure:
Figure imgf000018_0001
is named ethyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino }piperidine- 1 -carboxylate or 4-(4-{4-[(S)-l-(cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-butylcarbamoyl]-phenyl}- thiazol-2-ylamino)-piperidine-l -carboxylic acid ethyl ester.
Administration and Pharmaceutical Compositions: In general, compounds of the Invention will be administered in therapeutically effective amounts via any of the usual and acceptable modes known in the art, either singly or in combination with another therapeutic agent. A therapeutically effective amount may vary widely depending on the severity of the disease, the age and relative health of the subject, the potency of the compound used and other factors. For example, therapeutically effective amounts of a compound of the Invention may range from 0.1 micrograms per kilogram body weight (μg/kg) per day to 10 milligram per kilogram body weight (mg/kg) per day, typically 1 μg/kg/day to 1 mg/kg/day. Therefore, a therapeutically effective amount for a 80 kg human patient may range from 10 μg/day to 100 mg/day, typically 0.1 mg/day to 10 mg/day. In general, one of ordinary skill in the art, acting in reliance upon personal knowledge and the disclosure of this Application, will be able to ascertain a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the Invention for treating a given disease.
The compounds of the Invention can be administered as pharmaceutical compositions by one of the following routes: oral, systemic (e.g., transdermal, intranasal or by suppository) or parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous).
Compositions can take the form of tablets, pills, capsules, semisolids, powders, sustained release formulations, solutions, suspensions, elixirs, aerosols, or any other appropriate composition and are comprised of, in general, a compound of the Invention in combination with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. Acceptable excipients are non-toxic, aid administration, and do not adversely affect the therapeutic benefit of the active ingredient. Such excipient may be any solid, liquid, semisolid or, in the case of an aerosol composition, gaseous excipient that is generally available to one of skill in the art.
Solid pharmaceutical excipients include starch, cellulose, talc, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, sodium chloride, dried skim milk, and the like. Liquid and semisolid excipients may be selected from water, ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol and various oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable or synthetic origin (e.g., peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil, etc.). Preferred liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions, include water, saline, aqueous dextrose and glycols.
The amount of a compound of the Invention in the composition may vary widely depending upon the type of formulation, size of a unit dosage, kind of excipients and other factors known to those of skill in the art of pharmaceutical sciences. In general, a composition of a compound of the Invention for treating a given disease will comprise from 0.01%w to 10%w, preferably 0.3 w to l%w, of active ingredient with the remainder being the excipient or excipients. Preferably the pharmaceutical composition is administered in a single unit dosage form for continuous treatment or in a single unit dosage form ad libitum when relief of symptoms is specifically required. Representative pharmaceutical formulations containing a compound of the Invention are described in Example 17.
The compounds of the Invention can be administered alone or in combination with other compounds of the Invention or in combination with one or more other active ingredient(s). For example, the compounds of the Invention can be administered in combination with a therapeutically active amount of a bisphosphonic acid or acid ester derivative or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Suitable bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives include compounds corresponding to the following formula:
Figure imgf000020_0001
wherein X11 is a bond or (C1_7)alkylene, each R43 independently is hydrogen or (C1_30)alkyl, R44 and R45 are selected independently from a group consisting of hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted (C1.30)alkyl, (C3.30)cycloalkyl, hetero(C5.30)cycloalkyl, optionally substituted (C6.10)aryl, hetero(C6.10)aryl, -NR46R46, -OR46, -SR46, wherein each R46 independently is hydrogen, (C1_10)alkyl, (C3_10)cycloalkyl, optionally substituted (C6.10)aryl, provided that both R44 and R45 are not selected from hydrogen or hydroxy when X11 is a bond; or R44 and R45 taken together form (C2_9)alkylene; wherein (C3.10)cycloalkyl includes adamantyl and the like, hetero(C5.10)cycloalkyl includes pyrrolidinyl and the like, (C6.10)aryl includes phenyl and naphthyl, and hetero(C6_10)aryl includes quinolyl, isoquinolyl, pyridyl, furyl, imidazolyl, imidazopyridyl and the like.
Instances wherein R44 and/or R45 are substituted (C1.30)alkyl may include, but are not limited to, (C1.30)alkyl substituted by hetero(C5_10)cycloalkyl, (C6.10)aryl, hetero(C6_10)aryl, -NR47R47, -OR47 and -SR47, wherein each R47 is independently hydrogen or (C1.10)alkyl; wherein hetero(C5_10)cycloalkyl includes pyrrolidinyl and the like, (C6_10)aryl includes phenyl and naphthyl, and hetero(C6.10)aryl includes quinolyl, isoquinolyl, pyridyl, furyl, imidazolyl, imidazopyridyl and the like. Suitable optionally substituted aryl groups include, but are not limited to, halo-substituted phenyl. A non-limiting class of bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives thereof suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those in which R44 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy or halo, and R45 is selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted (C1_30)alkyl, halo and -SR46, wherein R46 is (C1.10)alkyl or phenyl. A non-limiting subclass of bisphosphonic acids and acid ester derivatives thereof suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those in which R44 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy and chloro and R45 is selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted (C1.30)alkyl, chloro and chlorophenylthio. A non-limiting example of a bisphosphonic acid suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include that in which X11 is a bond, each R43 is hydrogen, R44 is hydroxy and R45 is 3-aminopropyl, namely 4-amino- l-hydroxybutylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka alendronic acid), or the monosodium trihydrate salt thereof, namely 4-amino-l-hydroxybutylidene-l,l-bisphosphonate monosodium trihydrate (aka alendronate monosodium trihydrate), described in U.S. Patents 4,922,007, to Kieczykowski et al., issued May 1, 1990; 5,019,651, to Kieczykowski et al., issued May 28, 1991; 5,510,517, to Dauer et al., issued April 23, 1996; 5,648,491, to Dauer et al., issued July 15, 1997, all of which patents are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. Further non-limiting examples of bisphosphonic acids suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include the following: cycloheptylaminomethylene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka cimadronic acid), described in U.S. Patent 4,970,335, to Isomura et al., issued November 13, 1990; l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonic acid (aka clodronic acid) and the disodium salt thereof, namely clodronate disodium, described in Belgium Patent 672,205 (1966) and J. Org. Chem 32, 4111 (1967); l-hydroxy-3-pyrrolidin-l-ylpropylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka EB-1053);
1 -hydroxy ethylidene- 1,1-diphosphonic acid (aka etidronic acid); l-hydroxy-3-(N-methyl-N-pentylamino)propylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka ibandronic acid), described in U.S. Patent No. 4,927,814, issued May 22, 1990; 6-amino-l-hydroxyhexylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka neridronic acid);
3-(dimethylamino)-l-hydroxypropylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka olpadronic acid);
3 -amino- 1-hydroxypropylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka pamidronic acid);
2-pyrid-2-ylethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka piridronic acid), described in U.S. Patent No. 4,761,406; l-hydroxy-2-pyrid-3-ylethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid (aka risedronic acid);
4-chlorophenylthiome.hylenebisphosphonic acid (aka tiludronic acid), described in U.S. Patent 4,876,248, to Breliere et al., October 24, 1989; and l-hydroxy-2-(lH-imidazol-l-yl)ethylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid (aka zoledronic acid); all of which patents and other documents referred to above are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
A non-limiting subclass of bisphosphonic acids suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention include those selected from the group consisting of alendronic acid, cimadronic acid, clodronic acid, tiludronic acid, etidronic acid, ibandronic acid, risedronic acid, piridronic acid, pamidronic acid, zolendronic acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. A further example of a bisphosphonic acid suitable for administration in combination with compounds of the Invention is alendronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof. A further non-limiting example is alendronate monosodium trihydrate. Compounds of the Invention can be administered in combination with a therapeutically active amount of an estrogen receptor agonist. Non-limiting examples of estrogen receptor agonists suitable for administration in combination with the compounds of the Invention include naturally occurring estrogens such as estradiol, estrone and estroil, or synthetic estrogen receptor agonists such as
[6-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzo [b]thien-3-ylj [4-(2-piperidin- 1 -ylethoxy)phenyl]met hanone
(aka raloxifene) and {2-[4-(l,2-diphenylbut-l-enyl)phenoxy]ethyl}dimethylamine (aka tamoxifen). A non-limiting subclass of estrogen receptor agonists suitable for administration in combination with the compounds of the Invention include estrogen receptor partial agonists (i.e., estrogen receptor agonists with mixed agonist/antagonist properties), sometimes referred to as estrogen receptor modulators. Estrogen receptor partial agonists can exert tissue-selective estrogen agonist effects. Tamoxifen, for example, selectively exerts an estrogen agonist effect on the bone, in humans. Additional suitable estrogen receptor partial agonists are described in Tissue-Selective Actions Of Estrogen Analogs, Bone Vol. 17, No. 4, October 1995, 181S-190S. Certain 3-[4-(2-phenylindol-l-ylmethyl)phenyl]acrylamides, described in U.S. Patent 5,985,910 to
Miller et al, November 16, 1999; benzothiphene compounds, described in U.S. Patent 5,985,897 to Meuhl et al, November 16, 1999; naphthyl compounds, described in U.S. Patent 5,952,350 to Cullinan et al, September 14, 1999; substituted benzothiophene compounds, described in U.S. Patent 5,962,475 to Schmid et al., October 4, 1999, are suitable estrogen receptor partial agonists for administration with the compounds of the Invention; all of which patents and other documents referred to above are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
More particularly a pharmaceutical composition of this invention may comprise a therapeutically effect amount of a compound of the Invention in combination with one or more active ingredient(s) selected from the group consisting of (i) a therapeutically effect amount of a bisphosphonic acid or acid ester thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (ii) a therapeutically effect amount of an estrogen receptor agonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipient(s). Non-limiting examples of such bisphosphonic acids include l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-3-pyrrolidin-l-ylpropylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid, 1 -hydroxy ethylidene- 1,1-diphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-3-(N- methyl-N-pentylamino)propylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid, 6-amino- 1-hydroxyhexylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 3-(dimethylamino)- 1 -hydroxypropylidene- 1,1-bisphosphonic acid, 3-amino-l-hydroxypropylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid, 2-pyrid-2-ylethylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 1 -hydroxy-2-pyrid-3 -ylethylidene- 1,1- bisphosphonic acid, 4-chlorophenylthiomethylenebisphosphonic acid and 1-hydroxy- 2-(lH-imidazol-l-yl)ethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid or acid ester thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; particularly l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l- diphosphonic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and preferably l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonate monosodium trihydrate.
Chemistry:
Processes for Making Compounds of the Invention:
Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by proceeding as in the following Scheme 1:
Scheme 1
Figure imgf000025_0001
1. R'OY
2. optionally deprotecting
Figure imgf000025_0002
I
in which Y is hydrogen or an activating group (e.g., 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl (NBS), and the like) and each R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention.
Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 2, or a protected derivative thereof, with a compound of the formula R'OY, or a protected derivative thereof, and then optionally deprotecting. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a suitable acylation catalyst (e.g., triethylamine) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), methylene chloride, or any suitable combination thereof) at 10 to 30°C, preferably at about 25°C, and requires 24 to 30 hours to complete. When Y is hydrogen the reaction can be effected in the presence of a suitable coupling agent (e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP®), l-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), O-benzotriazol-1 -yl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU), 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), or the like) and base (e.g., N,N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, or the like) and requires 2 to 15 hours to complete. Alternatively, when Y is hydrogen the reaction can be carried out by treating the compound of .formula R OH with N-methylmorpholine and isobutyl chloroformate in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF, or the like) at between 0 and 5°C for 30 minutes to an hour and then introducing the compound of Formula 2 to the reaction mixture and allowing the reaction to proceed for 12 to 15 hours. Deprotection can be effected by any means which removes the protecting group and gives the desired product in reasonable yield. A detailed description of the techniques applicable to the creation of protecting groups and their removal can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981.
Alternatively, compounds of the Invention can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a compound of the formula R^SS, wherein SS is a suitable solid support
(e.g., thiophenol resin, or the like). The reaction can be carried out in the presence of a suitable acylation catalyst (e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or the like) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., dry pyrimidine, or the like) and requires 60 to 70 hours to complete.
Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by proceeding as in the following reaction Scheme 2:
Scheme 2
cting
Figure imgf000027_0001
I in which each R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention.
Compounds of the Invention can be prepared by treating a compound of Formula 3, or a protected derivative thereof, with ammonia to provide a corresponding amide, then reacting the amide with a suitable dehydrating agent (e.g., trifluoroacetic anhydride, cyanuric chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphonyl chloride, and the like) and optionally deprotecting. The reaction with the ammonia is carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., methanol) at between 0 and 5°C and requires 6 to 10 days to complete. The reaction with the dehydrating agent is carried out in the presence of a suitable base (e.g, triethylamine) and in a suitable solvent (e.g., tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the like) at between 0 and 50 °C and requires 1 to 2 hours to complete.
Additional Processes for Preparing Compounds of the Invention: A compound of the Invention can be prepared as a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt by reacting the free base form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid. Alternatively, a pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salt of a compound of the Invention can be prepared by reacting the free acid form of the compound with a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic base. Inorganic and organic acids and bases suitable for the preparation of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of the Invention are set forth in the definitions section of this application. Alternatively, the salt forms of the compounds of Formula I can be prepared using salts of the starting materials or intermediates.
The free acid or free base forms of the compounds of Formula I can be prepared from the corresponding base addition salt or acid addition salt form. For example, a compound of the Invention in an acid addition salt form can be converted to the corresponding free base by treating with a suitable base (e.g., ammonium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide, etc.). A compound of Formula I in a base addition salt form can be converted to the corresponding free acid by treating with a suitable acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid, etc). The N-oxides of compounds of the Invention can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, N-oxides can be prepared by treating an unoxidized form of the compound of the Invention with an oxidizing agent
(e.g., trifluoroperacetic acid, permaleic acid, perbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, metα-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, etc.) in a suitable inert organic solvent (e.g., a halogenated hydrocarbon such as methylene chloride) at approximately 0°C. Alternatively, the
N-oxides of the compounds of the Invention can be prepared from the N-oxide of an appropriate starting material.
Compounds of the Invention in unoxidized form can be prepared from N-oxides of compounds of Formula I by treating with a reducing agent (e.g., sulfur, sulfur dioxide, triphenyl phosphine, lithium borohydride, sodium borohydride, phosphorus trichloride, tribromide, etc.) in an suitable inert organic solvent (e.g., acetonitrile, ethanol, aqueous dioxane, etc.) at 0 to 80 °C.
Prodrug derivatives of the compounds of the Invention can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art (e.g., for further details see Saulnier et αZ.(1994), Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 4:1985). For example, appropriate prodrugs can be prepared by reacting a non-derivatized compound of the Invention with a suitable carbamylating agent (e.g., l,l-acyloxyalkylcarbonochloridate,p_-r---ni_rophenyl carbonate, etc.).
Protected derivatives of the compounds of the Invention can be made by means known to those of ordinary skill in the art. A detailed description of the techniques applicable to the creation of protecting groups and their removal can be found in T.W. Greene, Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1981.
Compounds of the Invention can be prepared as their individual stereoisomers by reacting a racemic mixture of the compound with an optically active resolving agent to form a pair of diastereoisomeric compounds, separating the diastereomers and recovering the optically pure enantiomer. While resolution of enantiomers can be carried out using covalent diasteromeric derivatives of compounds of the Invention, dissociable complexes are preferred (e.g., crystalline diastereoisomeric salts). Diastereomers have distinct physical properties (e.g., melting points, boiling points, solubilities, reactivity, etc.) and can be readily separated by taking advantage of these disimilarities. The diastereomers can be separated by chromatography or, preferably, by separation/resolution techniques based upon differences in solubility. The optically pure enantiomer is then recovered, along with the resolving agent, by any practical means that would not result in racemization. A more detailed description of the techniques applicable to the resolution of stereoisomers of compounds from their racemic mixture can be found in Jean Jacques Andre Collet, Samuel H. Wilen, Enantiomers, Racemates and Resolutions, Honh Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1981).
In summary, an aspect of the invention is a process for preparing a compound of the Invention, which process comprises: (A) reacting a compound of Formula 2:
Figure imgf000029_0001
or a protected derivative thereof with a compound of the formula RxOY, or a protected derivative thereof, in which Y is hydrogen or an activating group and each R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention; or (B) reacting a compound of Formula 3 :
Figure imgf000030_0001
with ammonia to provide a corresponding amide and then reacting the amide with trifluoroacetic anhydride, in which each R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the Summary of the Invention
(C) optionally deprotecting a protected derivative of a compound of the Invention to provide a corresponding unprotected derivative;
(D) optionally converting a compound of the Invention into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt; (E) optionally converting a salt form of a compound of the Invention to non-salt form;
(F) optionally converting an unoxidized form of a compound of the Invention into a pharmaceutically acceptable N-oxide;
(G) optionally converting an N-oxide form of a compound of the Invention its unoxidized form; (H) optionally converting a non-derivatized compound of the Invention into a pharmaceutically prodrug derivative; and
(I) . optionally converting a prodrug derivative of a compound of the Invention to its non-derivatized form.
Processes for Preparing Intermediates:
Compounds of Formula 2 can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 4:
Figure imgf000030_0002
4 in which R19 is an amino protecting group and each R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the
Summary of the Invention, with thionyl chloride and then deprotecting. The reaction with the thionyl chloride is carried out in the presence of a suitable base (e.g, triethylamine) and in a suitable solvent (e.g, DMF) at between 0 and 5°C and requires 30 minutes to an hour to complete. Alternatively, compounds of Formula 2 can be prepared by reacting a compound of Formula 4 with trifluoroacetic anhydride. The deprotection can be effected by any means which removes the protecting group and gives the desired product in reasonable yield. A detailed description of the preparation of a compound of Formula 2 according to above-described procedure is set forth in Example 1, infra.
Compounds of Formula 4 can be prepared by treating a corresponding alkanoyl halide with ammonia. The treatment is carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., dichloromethane, 5% aqueous sodium carbonate, and the like, or any suitable combination thereof) at 10 to 30°C and requires 30 minutes to an hour to complete. The alkanoyl halide intermediates can be prepared from the corresponding alkanoic acid by treating with thionyl chloride in a suitable solvent (e.g., dichloromethane) under nitrogen for 30 minutes to an hour. A detailed description of the preparation of a compound of Formula 2 according to the above-described procedures is set forth in Example 1, infra.
Compounds of the formula RX-SS can be prepared by reacting a compound of
Formula 5(a) or 5(b):
Figure imgf000031_0001
5(a) 5(b)
in which R19 is an amino protecting group (e.g., tert-butoxycarbonyl, fluoren-9- ylmethoxycarbonyl, or the like) and each X1, X2, X3, R5 and R7 are as defined for Formula I in the Summary of the Invention, with a suitable solid support resin (e.g, Wang (4-benzyloxybenzyl alcohol) resin, thiophenol resin, or the like), deprotecting to provide, respectively, a compound of Formula 6(a) or 6(b):
Figure imgf000032_0001
6(a) 6(b)
in which SS is a solid support and then reacting the compound of Formula 6(a) or 6(b) with a compound of the formula R6OH (e.g., benzoic acid, indole-5-carboxylic acid,
5 methanesulfonic acid, or the like).
The reaction between the compound of Formula 5(a) or 5(b) and the resin is carried out in the presence of a suitable coupling agent (e.g., benzotriazole-1-yloxytrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (e.g., diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), PyBOP®, EDC, HBTU, DCC, or the like) and acylation
0 catalyst (e.g., N,N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine,
1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate, or the like) in a suitable solvent (e.g., methylene chloride, DMF, or the like) and requires approximately 3 to 20 hours to complete. Deprotection can be effected by any means which removes the protecting group and gives the desired product in reasonable yield. The reaction between the compound of Formula 6(a) or 6(b) is
.5 carried out with a suitable coupling agent and acylation catalyst. A detailed description of the preparation of a compound of the formula R^SS according to the above-described procedures is set forth in Examples 2(A-C) and 4(A-C), infra.
Compounds of the formula R OH can be prepared by treating a compound of formula R^SS with a suitable acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, or the like) in a suitable
!0 solvent (e.g, methylene chloride, or the like). Alternatively, compounds of the formula
RxOH in which X1 is -C(O)- and X2 is -CHR9- can be prepared by alkylating an organometallic compound of Formula 7(a) or 7(b):
Figure imgf000032_0002
7(a) 7(b) with a compound of the formula R^ , in which L is a leaving group and each X3, X4, R5, R6, R7 and R9 are as defined for Formula I in the Summary of the Invention, and then converting the resulting ethyl ester to the corresponding acid. The alkylation is carried out in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF) at -78°C to 0°C and requires 1 to 2 hours to complete. Conversion the acid can be effected by treating the ester with lithium hydroxide for approximately 15 hours. The organometallic compound is generated by treating a corresponding organo compound with an appropriate base
(e.g., N,N-diisopropylethylamine, triethylamine, and the like) and rc-butyllithium or tert-butyllithium at -80 to -70° C, preferably at about -78° C, for approximately 30 minutes to an hour. A detailed description of the preparation of a compound of the formula R OH according to the above-described procedures is set forth in Example 3, infra.
Examples:
REFERENCE 7
4-C2-Pyrid-3-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid
A solution of 4-bromoacetylbenzoic acid (2.2 g, 10 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL) was treated with pyrid-3-ylthiourea (1.53 g, 1 mmol) and the mixture was refluxed for 3 hr. Solids were collected by filteration, washed with ether and dried to provide 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (2.2 g, 74% yield). LC-MS: FAB LC-MS. 298.2 (M+H+).
Proceeding as in Reference 7 provided
4-r 2-f4-methylpiperazin-l-ynthiazol-4-yl Ibenzoic acid LC-MS: FAB LC-MS 304.2 (M+H+).
REFERENCE 8 tert-Butyl 4-methyl-2S-r4-(2-pyrid-3-ylamino)thiazol-4-yllbenzoylaminopentanoate
A mixture of 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (10 gm, 33.6 mmol), provided as in Reference 7, tert-butyl 2S-amino-4-methylpentanoate (7.5 gm , 33.3 mmol), HBTU (13.3 gm, 33.3 mmol) and triethylamine (10.0 mL, 67.0 mmol) was stirred for approximately 12 hours and then diluted with sodium bicarbonate (50 mL) and ethyl acetate (300 mL). The organic layer was separated, sequentially washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethylacetate and hexane and product was recrystallized to provide tert-butyl 4-methyl-
2S-[4-(2-pyrid-3-ylamino thiazol-4-yl]benzoylaminopentanoate (10 gm, 62% yield). LC- MS: 467.1 M+H+.
REFERENCE 9 1-Amino-N-cvanomethylcvclohexanecarboxamide methanesulfonic acid salt
1-Benzyloxycarbonylaminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (5.0 gm, 21.0 mmol) was taken up in DMF (40 mL). The mixture was cooled in an ice bath and then sequentially treated with aminoacetonitrile hydrochloride (3.8 gm, 42 mmol), HATU (8.25 gm, 21 mmol) and triethylamine (8.0 mL, 63 mmol). The reaction was allowed to proceed for 4 hours and then the mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was treated with saturated ΝaHCO3 solution (40 mL) and ethyl acetate (150 mL). The organic layer was separated, sequentially washed with water, 1 M hydrochloric acid (20 mL), water and brine and dried over anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The free base of the product was purified from the residue using a plug of silica with ethyl acetate as an eluant. The free base of the product was taken up in dichlormethane (20 ml) and methanesulfonic acid (3.0 eq) and the mixture stirred for approximately 12 hours. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was triturated with ether (100 ml) and dried under vacuum to provide 1-amino-N-cyanomethylcyclohexanecarboxamide methanesulfonic acid salt (5.5 gm, 100% yield). LC-MS: 182.2, M+H+.
REFERENCE 10
4-[2-('4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl')thiazol-4-ylmethoxylbenzoic acid A solution of tert-butyl 4-thiocarbamoylpiperazine-l -carboxylate (650 mg, 2.65 mmol) and 1,3-dichloroacetone (672 mg, 5.3 mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane was treated with sodium bicarbonate (22 mg, 2.65 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 °C for 18 hours and then diluted with chloroform. The dilution was washed with water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. Product was purified from the residue on a silica gel column, using ethyl acetate/hexanes (3/7) as eluent, to provide tert-butyl 4-(4-chloromethylthiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (830 mg, 100% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 6.92 (1H, s), 4.57 (2H, s), 3.40 (8H, m), 1.42 (9H, s).
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-chloromethylthiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l -carboxylate (820 mg, 2.58 mmol) and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (395 mg, 2.58 mmol) in DMF was treated with potassium carbonate (360 mg, 2.6 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 70°C for approximately 12 hours and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water and the or organic phase was separated, washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was crystallized from a mixture of ethyl acetate/hexanes to provide tert-butyl 4-[4-(4-methoxycarbonyl- phenoxymethyl)thiazol-2-yl]piperazine-l -carboxylate (830 mg, 74% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.91 (2H, d), 7.13 (2H, d), 6.91 (1H, s), 5.00 (2H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 3.41 (8H, m), 1.41 (9H, s).
A solution of tert-butyl 4-[4-(4-methoxycarbonylphenoxymethyl)thiazol-2- yl]piperazine-l -carboxylate (820 mg, 1.89 mmol) in methanol (30 mL) and THF (10 mL) was treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide (226 mg, 5.67 mmol) in water (10 mL). The mixture was stirred at 55 °C for 8 hours and then concentrated by evaporation. The aqueous solution was diluted with water (10 mL) and the dilution was acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid. A resulting solid was collected by filtration to provide 4-r2-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-ylmethoxylbenzoic acid (800 mg, 100% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.88 (2H, d), 7.09 (2H, d), 6.91 (1H, s), 4.99 (2H, s), 3.44 (8H, m), 1.41 (9H, s).
Proceeding as in Reference 10 provided 4-(,4-morpholin-4-ylmethylthiazol-2- ylamino benzoic acid. REFERENCE 11 tert-Butyl 4-r4- 4-methoxycarbonylpiperidin-l-ylmethyl)thiazol-2-yllpiperazine-l- carboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 4-(4-chloromethylthiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxyate (860 mg, 2.7 mmol) and methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate (539 mg, 3 mmol) in DMF was treated with potassium carbonate (414 mg, 3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 70°C for 18 hours and then concentrated under vacuum. Product was purified from the residue by flash chromatography on silica gel to provide tert-butyl 4-r4-("4-methoxycarbonylpiperidin- l-ylmethyl thiazol-2-yllpiperazine-l-carboxylate (575 mg, 50% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 6.58 (IH, s), 3.59 (2H, s), 3.42 (4H, m), 3.34 (4H, m), 3.32 (3H, s), 2.78 (2H, m), 2.28 (IH, m), 2.02 (2H, m), 1.77 (2H, m), 1.57 (2H, m), 1.41 (3H, s).
Proceeding as in Reference 11 provided the following compounds: tert-butyl 4-r2-r4-methoxycarbonylphenylamino)thiazol-4-ylmethyl1piperazine-l- carboxylate;
HNMR (dmso-d6): 10.6 (IH, s), 7.90 (2H, d), 7.70 (2H, d), 6.78 (IH, s), 3.80 (3H, s), 3.51
(2H, s), 3.32 (4H, m), 2.42 (4H, m), 1.41 (9H, s); and tert-butyl 4-cyanomethyl-piperazine-l-carboxylate: HNMR (dmso-d6): 3.75 (2H, s), 3.34 (4H, t), 2.41 (4H, t), 1.40 (9H, s).
REFERENCE 12 l-12-('4-tert-Butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl thiazol-4-ylmethyllpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid
A solution of tert-butyl 4-[4-(4-methoxycarbonylpiperidin-l-ylmethyl)thiazol-2- yl]piperidine-l -carboxylate (560 mg, 1.31 mmol), provided as in Reference 11, in methanol (30 mL) was treated at room temperature with a solution of sodium hydroxide (79 mg, 1.97 mmol) in water (10 mL). The mixture was heated at 50°C for 3 hours and concentrated to dryness to provide l-r2-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-ylmethyl]piperidine-4-carboxylic acid. Proceeding as in Reference 12 provided the following compounds: 4-12-d-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl)methylthiazol-4-ylaminolpiperadinecarb oxylic acid.
REFERENCE 13 tert-Butyl 4-thiocarbamoylmethylpiperazine- 1 -carboxylate
A solution of tert-butyl 4-cyanomethylpiperazme-l-carboxylate (4.5 g, 0.020 mol) in a 3:1 mixture of triethylamine/pyridine (40 mL) at room temperature was bubbled with hydrogen sulfide for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was treated with a mixture 1:4 mixture of ethyl acetate/hexane and the resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with the ethyl acetate/hexane mixture to provide tert-butyl 4-thiocarbamoylmethyl- piperazine-1-carboxylate (3.93 g, 75%). HNMR (dmso-d6): 9.87 (IH, bs), 9.07 (IH, bs), 3.35 (4H, t), 2.34 (4H, t), 1.29 (9H, s); LC/MS: M+l: 259.6.
REFERENCE 14
4-r2-( -Ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino^thiazol-4-yllbenzoic acid
A solution of ethyl 4-aminopiperidine-l -carboxylate (4.3 g, 0.025 mol) in dry THF was cooled to 0°C and then treated with triethylamine (3.83 mL, 27.5 mol) and thiophosgene (2.1 mL, 27.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 1.5 hours at room temperature, cooled at 0° C and then treated with ammonium hydroxide solution (7.7 mL, 28% in water). The mixture was stirred for approximately 12 hours and then concentrated by evaporation. The residue was taken up into ethyl acetate and the mixture was treated with a saturated solution of NaHCO3 and brine. The organic phase was separated, dried over sodium sulfate and then concentrated to dryness. The residue was taken up into diethyl ether and a resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with diethyl ether to provide ethyl 4-thioureidopiperidine-l-carboxylate (4.18 g, 72 % N). HΝMR (dmso-d6): 7.57 (IH, d), 6.9 (IH, s), 4.05 (IH, bs), 4.02 (2H, q), 3.86 (2H, d), 2.89 (2H, bs), 1.82 (2H, bs), 1.20 (2H, m), 1.17 (3H, t).
A solution of ethyl 4-thioureidopiperidine-l -carboxylate (3.8 g, 0.0164 mol.) and 4-(2-bromoacetyl)benzoic acid (4 g, 0.0164 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was heated at 70° C for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature and then diluted with diethyl ether. A resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with diethyl ether to provide 4-r2-(l-ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino thiazol-4-yllbenzoic acid (4.32 g, 70% yield) as an off white solid. HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.93 (4H, m), 7.27 (IH, s), 4.05 (2H, q), 3.82 (3H, m), 3.04 (2H, m), 2.02 (2H, m), 1.41 (2H, m), 1.18 (3H, t). LC/MS: M+l: 376.
Proceeding as in Reference 14 provided the following compounds: methyl 3-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino benzoic acid; HNMR (dmso-d6): 11.00 (IH, s), 8.89 (2H, d), 8.46 (2H, d), 8.38 (lH,s), 7.99 (2H, AB system, d), 7.88 (2H, AB system, d), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.50 (IH, bs);
4-r2-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl')thiazol-4-ynbenzoic acid: HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.96 (4H, s), 7.50 (IH, s), 3.48 (8H, s), 1.42 (9H, s); and
4-r2-("4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-ylmethyl)thiazol-4-yl1benzoic acid; HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.47 (IH, s), 8.12 (2H, d), 8.03 (2H, d), 4.00 (2H, bs), 3.51 (4H, t), 3.08 (4H, bs), 1.41 (9H, s); LC/MS (M+l): 404.
REFERENCE 15
4-12-d-tert-Butoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl1benzoic acid
A solution of 4-[2-(l-ethoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl]benzoic acid (1 g, 2.66 mmol), provided as in Reference 14, in 30% hydrobromic acid in acetic acid was heated in a sealed vessel at 60°C for approximately 12 hours and then cooled to room temperature. A resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with diethyl ether to provide 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid hydrobromide (660 mg, 64%). HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.94 (4H, s), 7.31 (IH, s), 4.50 (2H, bs), 3.92 (IH, bs), 3.28 (2H, m), 3.07 (2H, m), 2.15 (2H, m), 1.69 (2H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 304.
A solution of 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid hydrobromide (600 mg, 1.56 mmol) and sodium hydroxide (125 mg, 3.12 mmol) in THF/water (30 mL) was treated with bis(l,l-dimethylethyl) dicarbonate (375 mg, 1.71 mmol). The mixture was stirred for approximately 12 hours at room temperature and then concentrated on a rotavap. The residue was diluted with water and the mixture was acidified to pH 3 with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was washed with brine and dried over Na^SO^ to provide
4-r2-(l-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yllbenzoic acid (680 mg, 100% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 7.93 (4H, s), 7.73 (IH, d), 7.26 (IH, s), 3.84 (2H, m), 3.76 (IH, m), 2.97 (2H, m), 1.97 (2H, m), 1.46 (9H, s), 1.28 (2H, m).
REFERENCE 16 3-(4-Pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzoic acid
A solution of methyl 3-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzoate (500 mg, 1.27 mmol) in a 3/2 mixture of methanol THF (100 mL) was treated with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide ((240 mg, 6 mmol, 20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 40°C for approximately 12 hours and then concentrated. The residue was diluted with water (20 mL) and the diluted solution was acidified to pH 5 with dilute hydrochloric acid. A resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed with water to provide 3-( -pyιid-4- ylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzoic acid (328 mg, 87%yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 10.80 (IH, s). 8.63 (2H, m), 7.90 (7H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 297.86.
EXAMPLE 7 N-(lS-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-2-methylbutyl)-4-('2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide
(Compound 331)
Figure imgf000039_0001
A solution of 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (1.7 g, 6.03 mmol), N-cyanomethyl-2S-amino-3-methylpentanamide methanesulfonate (1.60 g, 6.03 mmol), and PyBOP (3.14 g, 6.03 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was treated with 4-methylmorpholine (2.44 g, 24.14 mmol) and the mixture then was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was treated with 10% aqueous potassium carbonate (50 mL) and stirred for an additional 30 minutes, extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), washed with saturated aqueous ΝaHCO3 (50 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered, evaporated, and filtered through a short plug of silica gel (50-100% ethyl acetate/dichloromethane). The most pure fractions were further purified by HPLC to provide N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-2-methylbutyl - 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (89 mg, 13% yield).
EXAMPLE 8 N-(lS-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbut-3-enyl)-4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl benzamide
(Compound 332)
Figure imgf000040_0001
A solution of 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid (0.381 g, 1.35 mmol), N-cyanomethyl-2S-amino-4-methylpent-4-enamide methanesulfonate (0.355 g, 1.35 mmol) and HBTU (0.511 g, 1.35 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with 4-methylmorpholine (0.445 mL, 4.04 mmol) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for approximately 12 hours. The solution was poured into a 4:1:2:3 mixture of ethyl acetate/THF/water/brine (100 mL) and the organic phase was separated, sequentially washed with saturated aqueous ΝaHCO3 (50 mL) and brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified on a short plug of silica gel using ethyl acetate as the mobile phase to provide N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbut-3 -enyl - 4-f2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl benzamide (100 mg, 17% yield). MS (M+l): 432. NMR (d6- DMSO): 1.74 (3H, s); 2.51-2.54 (2H, m*); 4.16 (2H, d, J = 5.4 Hz); 4.71 (IH, m*); 4.79 (2H, d, J = 9 Hz); 7.61 (IH, dd, J = 8,5 Hz); 8.02 (2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz); 8.19 (2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz); 8.46 (2H, s, d*); 8.65 (IH, d, J = 7 Hz); 8.72 (IH, d, J = 4.7 Hz); 8.79 (IH, t, J = 5.4 Hz); 9.26 (IH, s).
EXAMPLE 10
N-d-Cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyll-
4-r2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yDthiazol-4-yllbenzamide trifluoroacetic acid salt
(Compound 343)
Figure imgf000041_0001
A solution of 4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzoic acid (330 mg, 1 mmol), provided as in Reference 7, in DMF (10 mL) was sequentially treated with trifluoroacetic acid, 1-amino-N-cyanomethylcyclohexanecarboxamide methanesulfonic acid salt (300 mg, 1.0 mmol), provided as in Reference 9, triethylamine (0.5 mL, 3 mmol) and HATU (400 mg, 1 mmol). The solution was stirred for approximately 12 hours and then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and saturated sodium bicarbonate (20 mL). The ethyl acetate layer was separated and concentrated. Product was purified from the residue by preparative reverse phase HPLC to provide N-(l~cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyι]- 4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (200 mg, 40 %). Η ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): ): 1.55-1.72 (m, 6 H), 2.11-2.23 (m, 2 H), 2.81 (s, 3 H), 3.21-3.67 (m, 6 H), 4.89-4.13 (m, 5 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 8.03 (m, 4 H), 8.13 (m, 1 H). ES- Ms: 466.4 (M+H+).
Proceeding as in Example 10 provided the following compounds of the Invention: N-ri-(4-cyanotetrahydropyran-4-ylcarbamoyl)cvclohexyl1- 4-12-r4-methylpiperazin-l-vDthiazol-4-yllbenzamide (Compound 344); 1H ΝMR (DMSO- d6, ppm): 1.25-1.42 (m, 4 H), 1.55-1.91 (m, 6 H), 2.81 (s, 3 H), 3.11-3.87 (m, 10 H), 4.17- 4.23 (m, 2 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 7.88 (m, 5 H); ES-Ms: 537.1 (M+H+); and
N-fl-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyD- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (Compound 345); JH ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 1.51-1.74 (m, 6 H), 2.11-2.23 (m, 4 H), 3.21-3.67 (m, 8 H), 4.17-4.23 (m, 2 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 8.03 (m, 4 H), 8.13 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 454.0 (M+H+).
EXAMPLE 11
N-( 1 S-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl V
4-r2-(l-methylpyrid-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl1benzamide iodide salt
(Compound 346)
Figure imgf000042_0001
A solution of N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (80 mg, 0.184 mmol), provided as in Reference 12, in acetonitrile (1 mL) was treated with methyl iodide (115 μL, 1.84 mmol, 10 eq.) added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for approximately 72 hours and then concentrated to dryness. The residue treated with ethyl ether. The solid was collected by filtration and washed with the same diethyl ether to provide solvent N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyiy 4-.2-Q-methylpyrid-3-vDthiazol-4-yl1benzamide iodide salt (85 mg, 80 % yield). HΝMR
(dmso-d6): 9.74 (IH, s), 9.15 (IH, d), 9.07 (IH, d), 8.78 (IH, t), 8.68 (IH, d), 8.65 (IH, s), 8.24 (3H, m), 8.07 (2H, d), 4.58 (IH, m), 4.48 (3H, s), 4.15 (2H, d), 1.70 (3H, m), 0.91 (6H, m). M: 448).
Proceeding as in Example 11 provided the following compounds of the Invention:
4-r2-(l-carbamoylmethylpyridin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yll-N-(,lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutvDbenzamide bromide salt (Compound 347); H MR (dmso-d6): 9.78 (IH, s),
9.21 (IH, d), 9.06 (IH, d), 8.78 (IH, t), 8.68 (IH, d), 8.66 (IH, s), 8.33 (IH, dd), 8.24 (2H, d), 8.08 (3H, m), 7.79 (IH, s), 5.55 (2H, s), 4.55 (IH, m), 4.15 (2H, d), 1.70 (3H, m), 0.91 (6H, m). M: 491); LC/MS, M: 491;
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4- 2-d-methylpyridin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl1benzamide iodide salt (Compound 348); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.76 (IH, t), 8.63 (3H, m), 8.10 (3H, m), 8.03 (2H, d), 7.97 (IH, s), 4.57 (IH, m), 4.15 (2H, d), 4.14 (3H, s), 1.70 (3H, m), 0.91 (6H, m);
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyD- 4-12-d-methylpyridin-4-yl thiazol-4-yllbenzamide iodide salt (Compound 349); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 9.09 (2H, d), 8.83 (IH, s), 8.73 (2H, d), 8.25 (2H, d), 8.08 (2H, d), 4.58 (IH, m), 4.52 (3H, s), 4.16 (2H, s), 1.70 (3H, m), 0.92 (6H, m); and
N-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutylV 4-r2-d-allylpyrid-4-yl)thiazol-4-yllbenzamide bromide salt (Compound 350).
EXAMPLE 12
Ethyl 4-l4-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyllthiazol-2-ylaminolpiperidine-l-carboxylate
(Compound 351)
Figure imgf000043_0001
A solution of 4-[2-(l-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperidin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl]benzoic acid (751 mg, 2 mmol), provided as in Reference 15, and methane sulfonate salt of 2S- amino-N-cyanomethyl-4-methylpentanamide (560 mg, 2 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was treated with PyBOP (1.04 mg, 2 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (715 μL, 4.1 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred overnight and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and the solution was washed sequentially with saturated ΝaHCO3 solution and brine, dried on sodium sulfate and concentrated. Product was purified from the residue by silica gel column, using ethyl acetate/hexanes as eluent, to provide ethyl 4-(4-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyllthiazol-2-ylaminolpiperidine-l-carboxylate (815 mg, 77% yield). HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.71 (IH, t), 8.54 (IH, d), 7.91 (4H, AB system, dd), 7.74 (IH, d), 7.23 (IH, s), 4.52 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, t), 4.04 (2H, q), 3.90 (2H, m), 3.76 (IH, m), 3.04 (2H, m), 1.98 (2H, m), 1.65 (3H, m), 1.38 (2H, m), 1.18 (3H, t), 0.89 (6H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 527.
Proceeding as in Example 12 provided ethyl 4-(4-14-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyllthiazol-2-ylaminoipiperidine-l-carboxylate (Compound 252); HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.71 (IH, t), 8.54 (IH, d), 7.91 (4H, dd), 7.73 (IH, d), 7.23 (IH, s), 4.52 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, m), 3.85 (2H, m), 3.75 (IH, m), 3.00 (2H, m), 1.95 (2H, m), 1.70 (3H, m), 1.40 (9H, s), 1.37 (2H, m), 0.88 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 555; N-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)-
4-f4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino benzamide (Compound 353); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 10.6 (IH, s), 8.67 (IH, t), 8.63 (2H, AB system, d), 8.38 (IH, d), 7.95 (2H, AB system, d), 7.88 (2H, AB system, d), 7.82 (2H, AB system), d), 7.81 (IH, s), 4.49 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, d), 1.70 (3H, m), 0.89 (6H, m); LC-MS: M+l: 449; tert-butyl 4-(4-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyllthiazol-2-yllpiperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 354); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.72 (IH, t), 8.57 (IH, d), 7.94 (4H, s), 7.48 (IH, s), 4.52 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, d), 3.48 (8H, s), 1.65 (3H, m), 0.89 (6H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 541; tert-butyl 4-(4-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenoxymethynthiazol-2-yllpiperazine-l-carboxylate
(Compound 355); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.66 (IH, t), 8.40 (IH, d), 7.89 (2H, d), 7.08 (2H, d), 6.90 (IH, s), 4.99 (2H, s), 4.48 (IH, m), 4.11 (2H, d), 3.41 (8H, ), 1.65 (3H, m), 0.88 (6H, m); tert-butyl 4- { 4- ϊ4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)piperidin-l-ylmethyllthiazol-2-yllpiperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 356); HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.71 (IH, t), 8.17 (IH, d), 7.03 (IH, s), 4.26 (IH, m),
4.16 (2H, bs), 4.11 (2H, d), 3.79 (4H, bs), 3.45 (4H, bs), 2.97 (2H, bs), 2.43 (IH, m), 1.85 (3H, m), 1.46 (3H, m), 1.41 (9H, s); LC/MS: M+l: 562.4;
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl] - 4-C4-morpholin-4-ylmethylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide (Compound 357); HΝMR (d so- d6): 10.7 (IH, s), 8.72 (IH, t), 8.39 (IH, d), 7.91 (2H, d), 7.71 (2H, d), 7.19 (IH, s), 4.50 (IH, m), 4.34 (2H, s), 4.12 (2H, m), 3.59 (8H, m), 165 (3H, m), 0.89 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 471; tert-butyl 4- ( 2- f4-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl}phenylamino1thiazol-4-ylmethyllpiperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 358); tert-butyl 4-(4- 14- . lS-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyllphenyl}thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 359); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.98 (IH, s), 8.51 (IH, d), 7.92 (4H, m), 7.47 (IH, s), 4.44 (IH, m), 3.48 (8H, s), 1.65 (2H, m), 1.48 (3H, m), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.12 (2H, m), 0.89 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 567.5; tert-butyl 4-(4- 14- \ 1 S-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl>- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyllphenyl}thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 360); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.70 (IH, d), 7.92 (4H, s), 7.47 (IH, s), 4.93 (IH, m), 4.41 (2H, m), 3.48 (8H, s), 3.20 and 2.91 (3H, s), 1.75 (2H, m), 1.42 (IH, m), 1.42 (9H, s), 0.93 (6H, bs); LC/MS: M+l: 555.5;
N- r 1 S-CN-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoylVS-methylbutyn - 4-12-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yllbenzamide (Compound 361); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.71 (IH, d), 7.98 and 7.95 (4H, m), 7.60 and 7.58 (IH, s), 4.93 (IH, m), 4.42 (2H, m), 4.12 (2H, m), 3.53 (6H, m), 2.87 (3H, s),1.74 (2H, m), 1.45 (IH, m), 0.93 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l : 468.4; and tert-butyl 4-(4- { 4-\ lS-d -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyllphenyllthiazol-2-ylmethyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (Compound 362); HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.22 (IH, s), 8.00 (5H, m), 4.45 (IH, m), 3.92 (2H, s), 3.36 (4H, m), 2.50 (4H, m), ), 1.65 (2H, m), 1.48 (3H, m), 1.40 (9H, s), 1.12 (2H, m), 0.89 (6H, m).
EXAMPLE 13 tert-Butyl
4-{4-r4-d-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenyllthiazol-2-yllpiperazine-
1-carboxylate (Compound 363)
Figure imgf000046_0001
A solution of 1-amino-N-cyanomethylcyclohexanecarboxamide (500 mg, 1.8 mmol), provided as in Reference 9, and 4-[2-(4-tert-butoxycarbonylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol- 4-yl]benzoic acid (702 mg, 1 mmol), provided as in Reference 14, in DMF was treated with diisopropylethylamine (940 μL, 5.4 mmol) and HATU (685 mg, 1.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred for approximately 12 hours at room temperature and then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and the solution was washed sequentially with saturated solution of ΝaHCO3, water and brine, dried over N--2SO4 and concentrated. Product was purified from the residue through silica gel to provide tert-butyl 4-{4-r4-d-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl phenyllthiazol-2-yUpiperazine- 1-carboxylate (350 mg, 35% yield) as a foam. HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.31 (IH, t), 8.09 (IH, s), 8.02 (4H, dd), 7.57 (IH, s), 4.15 (2H, d), 3.58 (8H, s), 2..13 (2H, m), 1.76 (2H, m), 1.53 (4H, m), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.40 (2H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 553. Proceeding as in Example 13 provided tert-butyl 4-(4- { 4- f 1 -cyanomethylcarbamoyDcyclohexylcarbamoyl .phenyl I thiazol-2-ylmethv pipera zine-1-carboxylate (Compound 364); HNMR (dmso-d6): 8.22 (IH, m), 8.00 (4H, m), 7.47 (IH, d), 4.04 (2H, m), 3.92 (2H, s), 3.37 (4H, m), 2.50 (4H, m). 2.13 2H, m), 1.75 (2H, m), 1.54 (5H, m), 1.40 (9H, s), 1.40 (2H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 567.4
EXAMPLE 14
N-dS-Cvanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl -
4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl benzamide methanesulfonic acid salt
(Compound 365)
Figure imgf000047_0001
A solution of ethyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidine-l-carboxylate (290 mg, 0.52 mmol), prepared as in Example 12, in dry THF (5 mL) was treated with methanesulfonic acid (135 μL, 2.08 mmol, 4 eq) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred overnight and then diluted with diethyl ether. The resulting solid was collected by filtration and triturated with several portions of diethyl ether. Product was purified from the crude solid by reversed phase preparative TLC, using a mixture of acetonitrile/water (8/2) as the mobile phase, to provide N-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide methanesulfonic acid salt ( 90 mg, 31% yield). HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.73 (IH, t), 8.54 (IH, d), 7.92 (4H, s), 7.85 (IH, d), 7.27 (IH, s), 4.51 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, t), 3.88 (IH, m), 3.25 (2H, m), 3.03 (2H, m), 2.30 (3H, s), 2.15
(2H, m), 1.65 (5H, m), 0.89 (6H, m). LC/MS: M+l: 455. Proceeding as in Example 14 provided the following compounds of the Invention:
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-f 2-piperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-vDbenzamide (Compound 366); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.96 (IH, bs), 8.74 (IH, t), 8.58 (IH, d), 7.95 (4H, s), 7.56 (IH, s), 4.52 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, d), 3.71 (4H, m), 3.28 (4H, bs), 1.65 (3H, m), 0.89 (6H, m);
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyiy 4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-ylmethoxy benzamide (Compound 367); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.67 (IH, t), 8.40 (IH, d), 7.89 (2H, d), 7.07 (2H, d), 6.99 (IH, s), 4.99 (IH, s), 4.48 (IH, m), 4.11 (2H, d), 3.56 (4H, m), 3.18 (4H, m), 1.65 (3H, m), 0.89 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 471;
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 1 -(2-piperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-ylmethyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide (Compound 368); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 9.10 (IH, bs), 8.67 (IH, t), 8.15 (IH, s), 7.09 (IH, s), 4.25 (IH, m), 4.10 (2H, d), 3.63 (2H, bs), 3.35 (4H, bs), 3.24 (4H, m), 2.92 (2H, bs), 2.36 (7H, m)), 1.80 (3H, m), 1.44 (3H, m), 0.83 (6H, m); LC MS: M+l: 462.3;
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl - 4-(4-piperazin-l-ylmethylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide (Compound 369); HΝMR (dmso- d6): 10.4 (IH, s), 8.68 (IH, t), 8.48 (IH, bs), 8.35 (IH, d), 7.88 (2H, d), 7.67 (2H, d), 4.48 (IH, m), 4.12 (2H, d), 3.58 (2H, s), 3.10 (4H, bs), 2.69 (4H, bs), 2.34 (6H, s), 1.65 (3H, m), 0.88 (6H, m);
N-riS-d-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl -3-methylbutyll- 4-(2-piperazin- 1 -yl-thiazol-4-yl benzamide (Compound 370); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.99 (IH, s), 8.52 (IH, d), 7.94 (4H, s), 7.53 (IH, s), 4.44 (IH, m), 3.65 (4H, m), 3.20 (4H, m), 1.65 (2H, m), 1.47 (3H, ), 1.11 (2H, m), 0.88 (6H, m); LC MS: M+l: 467.2; N!-riS-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl1-
4-f 2-ρiperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (Compound 371); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.69 (IH, d), 7.94 (4H, m), 7.53 (IH, s), 4.93 (IH, m), 4.41 (2H, dd), 3.66 (4H, m), 3.30 (4H, m), 3.20 and 2.90 (3H, s), 1.70 (2H, m), 1.45 (IH, m), 0.93 (6H, m); LC/MS: M+l: 455.1;
N-d-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)-4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (Compound 372); HΝMR (dmso-d6): 8.90 (IH, bs), 8.21 (IH, m), 7.94 (5H, m), 7.56 (IH, d), 4.06 (2H, d), 3.71 (4H, m), 3.29 (4H, bs), 2.13 (2H, m), 1.76 (2H, m), 1.54 (5H, m), 1.29 (IH, m). LC/MS: M+l: 453.2; and
N-d-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- 4-(2-piperazin- 1 -ylmethylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (Compound 373); HΝNIR (dmso-d6): 8.26 (lH,s), 8.24 (IH, d), 8.05 (IH, s), 4.06 (2H, d), 4.01 (2H, s), 3.15 (4H, m), 2.77 (4H, m), 2.15 (2H, m), 1.75 (2H, m), 1.54 (5H, m), 1.30 (IH, m). LC/MS: M+l: 467.2.
EXAMPLE 15
Ethyl 4- { 4- \4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl lthiazol-2-yl Ipiperazine- 1 -carboxylate
(Compound 374)
Figure imgf000049_0001
A solution of N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide (200 mg, 0.35 mmol), provided as in Example 14, in a 5:1 mixture of dry TFF/DMF was treated with diisopropylethylamine (146 μL, 0.84 mmol) and ethyl chloro formate (40 mL, 0.42 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature and then diluted with ethyl acetate. The dilution was acidified with 1 Ν hydrochloric acid, washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. Crude product was purified from the residue by preparative TLC to provide ethyl 4- ( 4- 14-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl1thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate. EDΝMR (dmso- d6): 8.73 (IH, t), 8.57 (IH, d), 7.94 (4H, s), 7.48 (IH, s), 4.53 (IH, m), 4.13 (2H, d), 4.08 (2H, q), 3.52 (8H, m), 1.65 (3H, m), 1.21 (3H, t) 0.89 (6H, m). EXAMPLE 16 N-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl phenyn-4-benzylpiperazine-
1-carboxamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (Compound 383)
Figure imgf000050_0001
A solution of 4-amino-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)benzamide (1.7 g, 6 mmol) in dichloromethane(120 mL) and acetonitrile (60 mL) was warmed and treated with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL). The mixture was cooled to 0 °C with vigorous stirring and then allowed to settle into two layers briefly. The bottom layer was treated at once with a 20% phosgene solution in toluene (10 mL, 18 mmol). The mixture was stirred vigorously for 10 minutes at 0 °C. One twelfth of the mixture was added to a solution of 1-benzylpiperazine (0.17 mL, 10 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) and after stirred for 20 h, the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane. The extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated. The crude product was purified by reverse phase HPLC on a C- 18 column to provide
N-r4-dS-cvanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl1-4-benzylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (as a white solid ( 0.14 g, 46% yield). ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.84 (d, 3), 0.88 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.75 (m, 3), 3.1 - 3.4 (m, 6), 4.10 (t, 2), 4.2 - 4.3 (m, 2), 4.35 (br. s, 2), 4.48 (m, 1), 7.48 (br. s, 5), 7.52 (d, 2), 7.82 (d, 2), 8.36 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.68 (t, 1 ΝH), 9.01 (s, 1 ΝH), 10.1 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m/z 491.4 (M+l).
Proceeding as in Example 16 provided the following compounds of the Invention: 3 - f3-d -benzylpyrrolidin-3 -yl)-3 -methylureidol -N~( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl V 3-methylbutvDbenzamide (Compound 375); NMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6, mixture of diastereomers) δ 0.86 (d, 3), 0.90 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.77 (m, 3), 2.0 - 2.4 (m, 2), 2.95 and 2.97 (s, 3), 3.1 - 3.7 (m, 4), 4.12 (d, 2), 4.25 - 4.53 (m, 3), 4.7 - 4.9 (m, 1), 7.30 - 7.37 (m, 1), 7.45 - 7.53 (m, 6), 7.91 (s, 1), 8.47 (d, 1), 8.59 (s, 1), 8.72 (m, 1); ESI-MS m/z 505.2 (M+l);
N- r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl phenyll - 4-C2-morpholin-4-ylethyl piperazine- 1 -carboxamide (Compound 376); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.89 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.48 - 1.75 (m, 3), 2.9 - 3.2 (m, 12), 3.6 - 3.8 (m, 8), 4.12 (d, 2), 4.51 (m, 1), 7.34 (t, 1), 7.54 (d, 1), 7.68 (dd, 1), 7.89 (t, 1), 8.47 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.71 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.81 (s, 1 ΝH); ESI-MS m/z 514.2 (M+l);
N- 13 -d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutylcarbamoyDphenyn - 4-("2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine- 1 -carboxamide (Compound 377); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.90 (d, 3), 1.48 - 1.76 (m, 3), 2.9 - 3.2 (m, 12), 3.6 - 3.8 (m, 8), 4.12 (d, 2), 4.48 (m, 1), 7.55 (d, 2), 7.83 (d, 2), 8.36 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.70 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.91
(s, 1 ΝH); ESI-MS m/z 514.2 (M+l);
4-r3-d-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureidol-N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutyl)benzamide (Compound 378); ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.82 (d, 3), 0.86 (d, 3), 1.45 - 1.73 (m, 5), 1.88 - 2.06 (m, 2), 3.0 - 3.1 (m, 2), 3.30 - 3.37 (m, 2), 3.7 - 3.9 (m, 1), 4.09 (d, 2), 4.2 - 4.3 ( , 2), 4.44 (m, 1), 6.60 (d, 1 ΝH), 7.42 (d, 2), 7.46 (m, 5), 7.78 (d,2 ), 8.31 (d, 1), 8.66 (m, 1), 8.73 (m, 1); ESI-MS m/z 505.2 (M+l);
4-r3-d-benzylpyrrolidin-3S-yl)-3-methylureidol-N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutyl benzamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (Compound 379); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6, mixture of rotomers) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.48 - 1.75 (m, 3), 2.0 - 2.4 (m, 2), 2.96 and 2.99 (s, 3), 3.1 - 3.7 (m, 4), 4.13 (d, 2), 4.25 - 4.53 (m, 3), 4.82 - 4.92 (m, 1),
7.47 - 7.58 (m, 7), 7.82 - 7.86 (m, 2), 8.37 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.66 - 8.71 (m, 2), 9.94 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m/z 505.1 (M+l);
4-r3-d-benzylpyrrolidin-3R-yl)-3-methylureido]-N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutv benzamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (Compound 380); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6, mixture of rotomers) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.48 - 1.76 (m, 3), 2.0 - 2.4 (m, 2), 2.96 and 2.99 (s, 3), 3.1 - 3.7 (m, 4), 4.13 (d, 2), 4.35 - 4.53 (m, 3), 4.8 - 4.9 (m, 1), 7.47 - 7.57 (m, 7), 7.82 - 7.86 (m, 2), 8.37 (d, 1 NH), 8.66 - 8.71 (m, 2), 9.9 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m/z 505.1 (M+l);
N-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl phenyl1- 4-pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide (Compound 381); 1H ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.48 - 1.75 (m, 3), 3.55 - 3.58 (m, 4), 3.77 - 3.80 (m, 4), 4.12
(d, 2), 4.48 (m, 1), 6.68 (t, 1), 7.58 (d, 2), 7.84 (d, 2), 8.37 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.40 (d, 2), 8.68 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.88 (s, 1 ΝH); ESI-MS m z 479 (M+l);
N-r4-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl phenyl1-4-(2-oxo- 2- yrrolidin- 1 -ylethyPpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide (Compound 382); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.86 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.49 - 1.98 (m, 7), 3.0 - 3.6 (m, 8), 4.12 (t, 2), 4.22 (br. s, 4), 4.48 (m, 1), 7.55 (d, 2), 7.86 (d, 2), 8.38 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.70 (t, 1 ΝH), 9.04 (s, 1 ΝH); ESI-MS m/z 512.3 (M+l);
N-r3-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyll- 4-pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide (Compound 384); ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO- d6) δ 0.86 (d, 3), 0.90 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.77 (m, 3), 3.52 - 3.56 (m, 4), 3.75 - 3.79 (m, 4), 4.11 - 4.13 (t, 3), 4.50 (m, 1), 6.66 (t, 1), 7.32 (t, 1), 7.50 (d, 1), 7.69 (d, 1), 7.91 (s, 1), 8.39 (d, 2), 8.45 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.68 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.78 (s, 1 ΝH); ESI-MS m/z 479.3 (M+l);
N-r3-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl}-4-(2-oxo- 2-pyrrolidin-l-ylethyl piperazine-l-carboxamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (Compound 385); Η ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.49 - 1.98 (m, 7), 3.0 - 3.6 (m,
8), 4.13 (d, 2), 4.21 (br. s, 4), 4.50 (m, 1), 7.36 (t, 1), 7.56 (d, 1), 7.69 (d, 1), 7.89 (s, 1),
8.48 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.72 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.95 (s, 1 ΝH), 10.1 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m z 512.4 (M+l);
N-\3-(l S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyll - 4-benzylpiperazine-l -carboxamide trifluoroacetic acid salt (Compound 386); ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.47 - 1.78 (m, 3), 3.0 - 3.2 (m, 4), 3.36 - 3.40 (m, 2), 4.13 (d, 2), 4.2 - 4.3 (m, 2), 4.38 (br. s, 2), 4.51 (m, 1), 7.36 (t, 1), 7.51 (br. s, 5), 7.56 (d, 1), 7.69 (d, 1), 7.89 (s, 1), 8.48 (d, 1 ΝH), 8.72 (t, 1 ΝH), 8.93 (s, 1 ΝH), 9.8 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m z 491.4 (M+l); and
3 - B-d -benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureidol -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutvDbenzamide trifluoro acetic acid salt (Compound 387); ΝMR (270 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.87 (d, 3), 0.91 (d, 3), 1.45 - 1.78 (m, 5), 1.93 - 2.11 (m, 2), 3.02 - 3.15 (m, 2), 3.30 - 3.37 (m, 2), 3.7 - 3.9 (m, 1), 4.13 (d, 2), 4.29 - 4.38 (m, 2), 4.48 (m, 1), 6.54 (d, 1 NH), 7.31 (t, 1), 7.46 (d, 1), 7.50 (br. s, 5), 7.59 (d, 1), 7.80 (s, 1), 8.47 (d, 1 NH), 8.59 (s, 1 NH), 8.70 (t, 1 NH), 9.46 (br. s, 1); ESI-MS m z 505.4 (M+l).
Proceeding in a fashion analogous to the procedures exemplified above provided the following compounds of the Invention:
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-4-ylamino thiazol-4-ylbenzamide (Compound 335); Η ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): ): 0.91 (m, 6 H), 1.65 (m, 3 H), 4.01 (m, 2 H), 4.37 (m, 1 H), 7.82-8.03 (m, 7 H), 8.73 (m, 3 H), 8.91 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 448.9 (M+Εt);
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylV 4-f2-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-4-vDbenzamide (Compound 336); Η ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.91 (m, 6 H), 1.55-72 (m, 3 H), 4.17 (m, 2 H), 4.31 (m, 1 H), 8.03-8.63 (m, 7 H), 8.83 (m, 2 H),
8.91 (m, 1 H), 8.98-9.11 (m, 2 H); ES-Ms: 443.9 (M+H+);
N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-f2-pyrid-2-yla_mno)thiazol-4-ylbenzamide (Compound 337); 1H ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.91 (m, 6 H), 1.65 (m, 3 H), 4.01 (m, 2 H), 4.37 (m, 1 H), 6.91-7.11 (m, 2 H), 7.60 (m, 1 H), 7.11 (m, 1 H), 7.59 (d, 1 H), 7.72 (d, 1 H), 8.03 (m, 4 H), 8.32 (m, 1 H), 8.59 (m, 1 H), 8.73 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 448.9 (M+H+);
N- 14- r4-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenynthiazol-2-yl}isonicotinamide (Compound 338); Η ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.95 (m, 6 H), 1.65-1.78 (m, 3 H), 4.17 (m, 3 H), 8.01-8.15 (m, 5 H), 8.60-8.79 (m, 4 H); ES-Ms: 477.2 (M+Ε );
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-r4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazin-l-yl1benzamide ('Compound 339 : Η ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.95 (m, 6 H), 1.65-1.78 (m, 3 H), 3.11-3.67 (m, 16 H), 3.78-3.85 (m, 4 H), 4.17 (s, 2 H), 4.45 (m, 1 H), 7.01 (d, 2 H), 8.01 (d, 2 H), 8.40 (m, 1 H), 8.79 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 471.2 (M+Εf);
N-dS-cvanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-C4-pyrid-4-ylpiperazin-l-y benzamide (Compound 340); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.95 (m, 6 H), 1.65-1.78 (m, 3 H), 3.67-3.87 (m, 8 H), 4.17 (s, 2 H), 4.38 (m, 1 H), 6.81 (d, 2 H), 7.21 (d, 2 H), 7.78 (d, 2 H), 8.20 (d, 2 H), 8.79 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 435.2 (M+H+); N- 11 S-d -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyll - 4-r2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yDthiazol-4-yllbenzamide (Compound 341); Η ΝMR (DMSO- d6, ppm): 0.91 (m, 6 H), 1.55-1.72 (m, 3 H), 2.81 (s, 3 H), 3.21-3.87 (m, 8 H), 4.17 (m, 2 H), 4.31 (m, 1 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 8.03 (m, 4 H), 8.83 (m, 2 H), 8.61 (m, 1 H), 9.11 (m, 1 H); ES-Ms: 480.9 (M+H+); N-dR-cvanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylV
4-f2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-vDbenzamide (Compound 342); ΝMR (DMSO-d6, ppm): 0.91 (m, 6 H), 1.55-1.72 (m, 3 H), 3.15-3.27 (m, 4 H), 3.61-3.87 (m, 4 H), 4.17 (m, 2 H),
4.51 (m, 1 H), 7.51 (s, 1 H), 7.72 (m, 1 H), 8.03 (m, 4 H), 8.61 (m, 1 H), 8.81 (m, 1 H); ES- Ms: 441.2 (M+Ε ).
4-("2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl benzyl lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3 -methylbutylcarbamate (Compound 388); N-dS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4_[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl thiazol-4-yl1benzamide (Compound 389);
N-d S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)-4- rN-methyl- N-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-y aminolbenzamide (Compound 390); tert-butyl 4- ( 4- r4-( 1 -cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyDphenoxymethyll thiazol-2-yl I piper azine-1-carboxylate (Compound 391); ΝMR (in DMSO-d6): δ 8.14 (m, IH), δ 7.87-7.78 (m, 3H), δ 7.1-7.0 (m, 2H), δ 6.87 (s, IH), δ 4.95 (s, IH), δ 4.00 (s, br, 2H), δ 3.81-3.48 (m, 8H), δ 1.71-1.31 (m, 19H); MS: M+ H+ = 583.2; tert-butyl 4-(4- 14- r 1 S-d -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoylV 3-methylbutylcarbamoynphenyllthiazol-2-ylamino)piperidine-l-carboxylate
(Compound 392); Η ΝMR (DMSO): 8.97 (s, IH), 8.49 (d, IH), 7.90 (s, 4H), 7.73 (d, IH), 7.23 (s, IH), 4.43 (m, IH), 3.85 (d, 2H), 3.75 (m, IH), 2.98 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.81 (m, IH), 1.68 (m, 2H), 1.48 (dd, 2H), 1.41 (br s, 11H), 1.11 (dd, 2H), 0.89 (m, 6H); MS: (m=z) 581.4; N-riS-d-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl -3-methylbutyll-
4-r2-ρiperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide (Compound 393); Η ΝMR (DMSO): 8.99 (s, IH), 8.50 (d, IH), 7.91 (s, 4H), 7.87 (d, IH), 7.27 (s, IH), 4.43 (m, IH), 3.89 (m, IH), 3.32 (m, 2H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.16 (m, 2H), 1.72 (m, 5H), 1.48 (dd, 2H), 1.11 (dd, 2H), 0.89 (m, 6H); MS: (m=z) 481.0; tert-butyl 4-(4-r4-d-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoy phenyllthiazol-2-ylaminolpiperidi ne-1-carboxylate (Compound 394); NMR (in DMSO-d6): δ 8.31-7.76 (m, 6H), δ 7.2 (s, IH), δ 4.20-3.60 (m, 23H), δ 2.94 (s, br, IH), δ 2.12-1.05 (m, 21H); MS: M+ H+ = 567.4;
N-ri-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl -2-methyl-butyll-4-r2-(pyridin-3-ylamino -thiazol- 4-vH-benzamide (Compound 395^): MS: 449 (M+l); ΝMR (DMSO-d6): 0.9 (6H, t + d), 1.23 (IH, m), 1.52(1H, m), 2.00 (IH, m, 4.2 (2H, br d), 4.3 (IH, t, 7Hz), 7.64 (IH, s), 7.7 (IH, m), 7.95-8.1 (4H, 2xd, J=7 Hz), 8.4-8.6 (3H, m*), 8.86 (IH, t), 9.25 (IH, br s), 11.06 (IH, s);
N-ri-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl -cyclohexyll-4-r2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)- thiazol-4-yll-benzamide (Compound 396); ΝMR (in DMSO-d6): δ 8.23-7.76 (m, 6H), δ 7.24 (s, IH), δ 4.0 ( d, 2H), δ 3.82 (s, br, IH), δ 3.6-2.8 (m, 43H), δ 2.28 (s, 8H), δ 2.2- 1.14 (m, 10H); MS: H+ = 465.0;
4-("4-(4-ll-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyD- cyclohexylcarbamoyllphenyll-thiazol-2-ylamino -piperidine-l -carboxylic acid ethyl ester (Compound 397); (S)-4-Methyl-2-r4-('4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino1-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 398);
('S -4-Methyl-2-r4-(4-pyrrolidin-l-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylaminol-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 399);
(S)-4-Methyl-2-r4-(3-phenylsulfonylureidophenyl)thiazol-2-ylamino -pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 400);
(S -4-Methyl-2-l4-r3-(3-phenyl-ureido -phenyn-thiazol-2-ylaminol-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 401);
(S -4-Methyl-2-(4-(3-r3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-ureido1-phenyll-thiazol-2-ylamino)-p entanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 402); rS)-4-Methyl-2-r4-{3-r3-((RVl-phenyl-ethvD-ureido1-phenyll-thiazol-2-ylamino)- pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide (Compound 403); N-ll-("Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-cyclohexyll-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzam ide (Compound 404); ΝMR (in DMSO-d6): δ 8.78 (d, 2H), δ 8.55(s, IH), δ 8.22 (m, IH), δ 8.15(d, 2H), δ 8.11-8.05 (m, 3H), δ 7.99 (d, 2H), δ 4.0-4.06 (m, 2H), δ 3.69 (s, br, 3H), δ 2.11 (d, 2H), δ 1.75 (m, 2H), δ 1.52 (s, br, 5H), δ 1.26 (s, br, IH); MS: M+ H+ = 446.4;
('3-l2-r(S -l-('Cvanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-butylamino1-thiazol-4-yll- phenylVcarbamic acid 3,4-dichloro-benzyl ester (Compound 405);
N-r(S -l-d-Cvano-cyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-butyl1-4-('2-piperazin-l-ylmet hyl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide (Compound 406);
N-r(S -l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-but-3-enyl1- 4- 12- (pyridin-4- ylamino)-thiazol-4-yll -benzamide (Compound 407);
N- lYSV 1 -(Cvanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyll -4- r2-(pyridin-4-ylami no)-thiazol-5-yll-benzamide (Compound 408);
N-r(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl- ethyl1-4-.2-(pyridin-4-ylaιmno)-thiazol-4-yl1-benzamide (Compound 410); and
N-[(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-dimethylamino-ethyl]-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl- thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide.
Proceeding by methods analogous to those set forth in this Application compounds of Formula I are provided which are comprised by the elements A, B and C listed in the following Table I.
TABLE 1
Figure imgf000056_0001
Figure imgf000057_0001
Figure imgf000058_0001
Figure imgf000059_0001
Figure imgf000060_0001
Figure imgf000061_0001
Figure imgf000062_0001
While any combination of the elements A, B and C may comprise the compounds of the Invention, certain combinations are preferred. For example, the following combinations A1-B2-C1
A31-B2-C1 A15-B4-C1 A4-B12-C1 A31-B4-C2 A26-B2-C1 A18-B4-C1 A5-B12-C1 A26-B4-C2 A35-B2-C1 A19-B4-C1 A6-B2-C1 A35-B4-C2 A22-B2-C1 A20-B4-C1 A9-B2-C1 A22-B4-C2 A2-B2-C1 A21-B4-C1 A10-B2-C1 A2-B4-C2 A3-B2-C1 A1-B12-C1 A13-B2-C1 A3-B4-C2 A4-B2-C1 A31-B12-C1 A15-B2-C1 A4-B4-C2 A5-B2-C1 A26-B12-C1 A18-B2-C1 A5-B4-C2 A6-B4-C1 A35-B12-C1 A19-B2-C1 A6-B12-C2 A9-B4-C1 A22-B12-C1 A20-B2-C1 A9-B12-C2 A10-B4-C1 A2-B12-C1 A21-B2-C1 A10-B12-C2 A13-B4-C1 A3-B12-C1 A1-B4-C2 A13-B12-C2 A15-B12-C2 A5-B12-C5
A18-B12-C2 A6-B2-C5
A19-B12-C2 A9-B2-C5
A20-B12-C2 A10-B2-C5
A21-B12-C2 A13-B2-C5
A1-B2-C2 A15-B2-C5
A31-B2-C2 A18-B2-C5
A26-B2-C2 A19-B2-C5
A35-B2-C2 A20-B2-C5
A22-B2-C2 A21-B2-C5
A2-B2-C2 A1-B4-C5
A3-B2-C2 A31-B4-C5
A4-B2-C2 A26-B4-C5
A5-B2-C2 A35-B4-C5
A6-B4-C2 A22-B4-C5
A9-B4-C2 A2-B4-C5
A10-B4-C2 A3-B4-C5
A13-B4-C2 A4-B4-C5
A15-B4-C2 A5-B4-C5
A18-B4-C2 A6-B12-C5
A19-B4-C2 A9-B12-C5
A20-B4-C2 A10-B12-C5
A21-B4-C2 A13-B12-C5
A1-B12-C5 A15-B12-C5
A31-B12-C5 A18-B12-C5
A26-B12-C5 A19-B12-C5
A35-B12-C5 A20-B12-C5
A22-B12-C5 A21-B12-C5
A2-B12-C5
A3-B12-C5
A4-B12-C5 EXAMPLE 17 Cathepsin B Assay
Solutions of test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 μL, comprising: N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (BES), 50 mM (pH 6); polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate, 0.05%; and dithiothreitol (DTT), 2.5 mM). Human cathepsin B (0.025 pMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the dilutions. The assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Z-FR-AMC (20 nMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the assay solutions and hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at ( 460 nm) for 5 minutes. Apparent inhibition constants (I were calculated from the enzyme progress curves using standard mathematical models.
Compounds of the invention were tested according to the above-described assay and observed to exhibit cathepsin B inhibitory activity.
EXAMPLE 18 Cathepsin K Assay
Solutions of test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 μL, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM). Human cathepsin K (0.0906 pMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the dilutions. The assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Z-Phe-Arg-AMC (4 nMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the assay solutions and hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at ( λ 460 nm) for 5 minutes. Apparent inhibition constants (K were calculated from the enzyme progress curves using standard mathematical models.
Compounds of the invention were tested according to the above-described assay and observed to exhibit cathepsin K inhibitory activity.
EXAMPLE 19 Cathepsin L Assay
Solutions of test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 μL, comprising: MES, 50 mM (pH 5.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and DTT, 2.5 mM). Human cathepsin L (0.05 pMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added fo the dilutions. The assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Z-Phe-Arg-AMC (1 nMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the assay solutions and hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at ( λ 460 nm) for 5 minutes. Apparent inhibition constants (K;) were calculated from the enzyme progress curves using standard mathematical models. Compounds of the invention were tested according to the above-described assay and observed to exhibit cathepsin L inhibitory activity.
EXAMPLE 20 Cathepsin S Assay Solutions of test compounds in varying concentrations were prepared in 10 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then diluted into assay buffer (40 μL, comprising: MES, - 50 mM (pH 6.5); EDTA, 2.5 mM; and NaCl, 100 mM). Human cathepsin S (0.158 pMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the dilutions. The assay solutions were mixed for 5-10 seconds on a shaker plate, covered and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. Z-Nal-Val-Arg-AMC (9 nMoles in 25 μL of assay buffer) was added to the assay solutions and hydrolysis was followed spectrophotometrically at ( λ 460 nm) for 5 minutes. Apparent inhibition constants (K;) were calculated from the enzyme progress curves using standard mathematical models.
Compounds of the invention were tested according to the above-described assay and observed to exhibit cathepsin S inhibitory activity. EXAMPLE 21 Representative Pharmaceutical Formulations Containing a Compound of the Invention
ORAL FORMULATION
Compound of the Invention 10-100 mg
Citric Acid Monohydrate 105 mg
Sodium Hydroxide 18 mg
Flavoring
Water q.s. to 100 mL
INTRAVENOUS FORMULATION
Compound of the Invention 0.1-10 mg
Dextrose Monohydrate q.s. to make isotonic Citric Acid Monohydrate 1.05 mg
Sodium Hydroxide 0.18 mg
Water for Injection q.s. to 1.0 mL
TABLET FORMULATION Compound of the Invention 1%
Microcrystalline Cellulose 73%
Stearic Acid 25%
Colloidal Silica 1%.
The resulting tablets are useful for administration in accordance with the methods of this invention for treating or preventing a cathepsin mediated disease state, such as osteoporosis.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A compound which is selected from a group consisting of:
N-(lS-Cyanomethylcarbamoyl-2-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-Cyanomethylc__rbamoyl-3-methylbut-3-enyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; N-(l-Cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl]-
4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N- [ 1 -(4-cyanotetrahydropyran-4-ylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl] - 4- [2-(4-methylpiperazin- 1 -yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide ; N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-[2-(l-methylpyrid-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
4-[2-(l-carbamoylmethylpyridin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3 -methylbutyl)benzamide ; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-[2-(l-methylpyridin-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4- [2-( 1 -methylpyridin-4-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide ;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-[2-(l-allylpyrid-4-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; ethyl 4- { 4- [4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino }piperidine- 1 -carboxylate; ethyl 4- { 4- [4-( lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidine-l-carboxylate; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenoxymethyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3 -methylbutylcarbamoyl)piperidin- 1 -ylmethyl] thiazol-2-yl } piperazine- 1 -carboxylate ;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl]- 4-(4-morpholin-4-ylmethylthiazol-2-ylamino)benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{2-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl}phenylamino]thiazol-4-ylmethyl}piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(l-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate; N-[lS-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl]-
4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yI)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide; tert-butyl 4-(4- { 4- [ lS-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-ylmethyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine- 1-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[l-cyanomethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-ylmethyl)pipera zine- 1-carboxylate; N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-
4-(2-piperidin-4-yl_urιinothiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-ylmethoxy)benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- * -(2-piperazin- 1 -yltWazol-4-ylmethyl)piperidine-4-carboxamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- -(4-piperazin-l-ylmethyltWazol-2-ylamino)benzamide;
N- [ 1 S-( 1 -cyanocycloproρylcarbamoyl)-3 -methylbutyl] - -(2-piperazin- 1 -yl-thiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N- [ 1 S-(N-cyanomethyl-N-methylcarbamoyl)-3 -methylbutyl] - -(2-piperazin- 1 -ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)-4-(2-piperazin-l-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide
N-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexyl)- -(2-piperazin-l-ylmethylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; ethyl 4- { 4- [4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}piperazine-l-carboxylate;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- -benzylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide ;
3-[3-(l-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-3-methylureido]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl)- -methylbutyl)benz amide;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- -(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine-l-carboxamide; N- [3-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl] - -(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazine- 1 -carboxamide ;
4- [3-( 1 -benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureido] -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide;
4-[3-(l-benzylpyrrolidin-3S-yl)-3-methylureido]-N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benzamide;
4- [3 -( 1 -benzylpyrrolidin-3R-yl)-3-methylureido] -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- -methylbutyl)benz amide;
N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)ρhenyl]- -pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide ; N-[4-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-4-(2-oxo- -pyrrolidin- 1 -ylethyl)piperazine- 1 -carboxamide; N-[3-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]- 4-pyrimidin-2-ylpiperazine-l-carboxamide;
N-[3-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl}-4-(2-oxo- 2-pyrrolidin-l-ylethyl)piperazine-l-carboxamide; N-[3-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]-
4-benzylpiperazine- 1 -carboxamide;
3- [3-( 1 -benzylpiperidin-4-yl)ureido] -N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl- 3 -methylbutyl)benz amide ;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-4-ylamino)thiazol-4-ylbenzamide;
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide;
N-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3 -methylbutyl)- 4-(2-pyrid-2-ylamino)thiazol-4-ylbenzamide; N- { 4- [4-( 1 S-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-yl}isonicotinamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4- [4-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperazin- 1 -yl]benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(4-pyrid-4-ylpiperazin- 1 -yl)benzamide;
N- [ 1 S-( 1 -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3 -methylbutyl] - 4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-(lR-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-(2-morpholin-4-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzamide; 4-(2-pyrid-3-ylthiazol-4-yl)benzyl lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-
3-methylbutylcafbamate;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)- 4-[2-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)thiazol-4-yl]benzamide;
N-(lS-cyanomethylcarbamoyl-3-methylbutyl)-4-[N-methyl- N-(4-pyrid-4-ylthiazol-2-yl)amino]benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenoxymethyl]thiazol-2-yl}piper azine-1-carboxylate; tert-butyl 4-(4-{4-[lS-(l -cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)- 3-methylbutylcarbamoyl]phenyl}thiazol-2-ylamino)piperidine-l-carboxylate; N-[lS-(l-cyanocyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methylbutyl]-
4-(2-piperidin-4-ylaminothiazol-4-yl)benzamide; tert-butyl 4-{4-[4-(l-cyanomethylcarbamoylcyclohexylcarbamoyl)phenyl]thiazol-2-ylamino}piperidi ne-1 -carboxylate; N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-methyl-butyl]-4-[2-(pyridin-3-ylamino)-thiazol-
4-yl]-benzamide;
N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-cyclohexyl]-4-[2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)- thiazol-4-yl] -benzamide ;
4-(4- { 4-[ 1 -(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)- cyclohexylcarbamoyl]phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)-piperidine-l-carboxylic acid ethyl ester;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-[4-(4-morpholin-4-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino]-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-[4-(4-pyrrolidin-l-yl-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino]-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide; (S)-4-Methyl-2-[4-(3-phenylsulfonylureidophenyl)thiazol-2-ylamino)-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-{4-[3-(3-phenyl-ureido)-phenyl]-thiazol-2-ylamino}-pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-(4-{3-[3-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)-p entanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
(S)-4-Methyl-2-(4-{3-[3-((R)-l-phenyl-ethyl)-ureido]-phenyl}-thiazol-2-ylamino)- pentanoic acid cyanomethyl-amide;
N-[l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-cyclohexyl]-4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzam ide; (3-{2-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-butylamino]-thiazol-4-yl}- phenyl)-carbamic acid 3,4-dichloro-benzyl ester; N-[(S)-l-(l-Cyano-cyclopropylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-butyl]-4-(2-piperazin-l-ylmet hyl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide;
N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-3-methyl-but-3-enyl]- 4-[2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)-thiazol-4-yl]-benzamide; N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl]-4-[2-(pyridin-4-ylami no)-thiazol-5-yl]-benzamide;
N-[(S)-l-(Cyanomethyl-carbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl- ethyl]-4-[2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)-thiazol-4-yl]-benzamide; and
N- [(Cy anomethyl-carbamoyl)-dimethylamino-ethyl] -4-(2-pyridin-4-yl- thiazol-4-yl)-benzamide; and the N-oxide derivatives, prodrug derivatives, protected derivatives, individual isomers and mixtures of isomers; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
2. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Claim 1 in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
3. The composition of Claim 2 which further comprises one or more active ingredient(s) selected from the group consisting of (i) a therapeutically effective amount of a bisphosphonic acid or acid ester thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (ii) a therapeutically effective amount of an estrogen receptor agonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
4 The composition of Claim 3 wherein the bisphosphonic acid is selected from the group consisting of l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxy- 3 -pyrrolidin- 1 -ylpropylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 1 -hydroxy ethylidene- 1,1- diphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-3-(N-methyl-N-pentylamino)propylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid, 6-amino-l-hydroxyhexylidene-l,l-bisphosphonic acid, 3-(dimethylamino)-l- hydroxypropylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 3 -amino- 1 -hydroxypropylidene- 1,1- bisphosphonic acid, 2-pyrid-2-ylethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid, l-hydroxy-2- pyrid-3 -ylethylidene- 1 , 1 -bisphosphonic acid, 4-chlorophenylthiomethylenebisphosphonic acid and l-hydroxy-2-(lH-imidazol-l-yl)ethylidene- 1,1 -bisphosphonic acid or acid ester thereof or a' harmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
5 The composition of Claim 4 wherein the bisphosphonic acid is l,l-dichloromethylene-l,l-diphosphonic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
6. The composition of Claim 5 which comprises 1,1-dichloromethylene- 1,1-diphosphonate monosodium trihydrate.
7. A method of treating a disease in an animal in which cysteine protease activity contributes to the pathology and/or symptomatology of the disease, which method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically ef ective amount of compound of Claim 1; or a N-oxide derivative, prodrug derivative, protected derivative, individual isomer or mixture of isomers or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
8. The method of Claim 7 wherein the disease is osteoporosis.
9. The method of Claim 8 wherein the animal is a human.
10. The method of Claim 9 wherein the human is a post-menopausal woman.
11. The method of Claim 10 wherein the cysteine protease is cathepsin K.
PCT/US2001/008332 2000-03-15 2001-03-14 N-cyanomethylcarboxamides and their use as protease inhibitors WO2001068645A2 (en)

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EP1348706A1 (en) * 2000-12-08 2003-10-01 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Substituted thiazole derivatives bearing 3-pyridyl groups, process for preparing the same and use thereof
EP1348706A4 (en) * 2000-12-08 2005-08-10 Takeda Pharmaceutical Substituted thiazole derivatives bearing 3-pyridyl groups, process for preparing the same and use thereof
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EP1446114A1 (en) * 2001-11-08 2004-08-18 Merck & Co., Inc. Compositions and methods for treating osteoporosis
EP1446114A4 (en) * 2001-11-08 2005-05-25 Merck & Co Inc Compositions and methods for treating osteoporosis
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WO2004054987A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-07-01 Astrazeneca Ab Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors and their use
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WO2005019161A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-03 Merck Frosst Canada Ltd. Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors
WO2005028429A3 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-05-19 Axys Pharm Inc Haloalkyl containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
WO2005028429A2 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-31 Axys Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Haloalkyl containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
EA011855B1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2009-06-30 Вайробей, Инк. Haloalkyl containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7547701B2 (en) 2003-09-18 2009-06-16 Virobay, Inc. Haloalkyl containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US8163735B2 (en) 2004-12-02 2012-04-24 Virobay, Inc. Sulfonamide compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US8013183B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2011-09-06 Virobay, Inc. Alpha ketoamide compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7696250B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2010-04-13 Virobay, Inc. Alpha ketoamide compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US8450373B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2013-05-28 Virobay, Inc. Alpha ketoamide compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7488848B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2009-02-10 Virobay, Inc. Alpha ketoamide compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7893093B2 (en) 2005-03-22 2011-02-22 Virobay, Inc. Sulfonyl containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US8748649B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2014-06-10 Virobay, Inc. Di-fluoro containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7893112B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2011-02-22 Virobay, Inc. Di-fluoro containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US7781487B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2010-08-24 Virobay, Inc. Di-fluoro containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
US8367732B2 (en) 2006-10-04 2013-02-05 Virobay, Inc. Di-fluoro containing compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors
JP2010514738A (en) * 2006-12-29 2010-05-06 アボット ゲーエムベーハー ウント カンパニー カーゲー Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors
US8008279B2 (en) 2007-06-26 2011-08-30 Astrazeneca Ab Compound—827
JP2011507936A (en) * 2007-12-28 2011-03-10 アボット ゲーエムベーハー ウント カンパニー カーゲー Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors
EP2719700A1 (en) 2008-01-09 2014-04-16 Amura Therapeutics Limited Tetrahydrofuro(3,2-b)pyrrol-3-one derivatives as inhibitors of cysteine proteinases
US8324417B2 (en) 2009-08-19 2012-12-04 Virobay, Inc. Process for the preparation of (S)-2-amino-5-cyclopropyl-4,4-difluoropentanoic acid and alkyl esters and acid salts thereof
CN106928113A (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-07-07 广东东阳光药业有限公司 Cathepsin K inhibitor and application thereof
CN106928113B (en) * 2015-12-29 2020-07-07 广东东阳光药业有限公司 Cathepsin K inhibitors and uses thereof

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