WO2001059216A1 - Method for treating cellulosic fibres - Google Patents
Method for treating cellulosic fibres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001059216A1 WO2001059216A1 PCT/EP2001/000622 EP0100622W WO0159216A1 WO 2001059216 A1 WO2001059216 A1 WO 2001059216A1 EP 0100622 W EP0100622 W EP 0100622W WO 0159216 A1 WO0159216 A1 WO 0159216A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- treated
- treatment
- gas
- fibrous structure
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
- D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
- D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/06—Inorganic compounds or elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
- D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for modifying the surface of cellulose-containing fibres, to the surface- modified fibres and to the products that can be made from such fibres.
- These include fibrous structures (or fibrous webs) , including paper or non-woven articles, especially hygienic products, such as tissue paper and non-woven wipers.
- the fibrous structure can further be used for making different kinds of paper, e.g. fine paper.
- the present invention also relates to a method of making such fibrous structures and the final structures obtainable from such fibrous structures.
- cellulose containing fibres should be understood according to the present invention as all kind of fibres containing cellulose, either natural fibres or synthetic fibres, e.g. pulp but also regenerated cellulose fibres like rayon or viscose.
- fibrous structure should be understood according to the present invention as covering intermediate products, having one or more layers.
- paper and non-woven should be understood according to the present invention as covering final products.
- Fibrous structures comprising cellulose-containing fibres have a wide range of use in products such as printing paper, Kraft paper, packaging paper, tissue paper, wipes for households use, as well as heavy duty in the industry. The common feature for all these fibrous structures is that they have to show at least some strength when being wet.
- "Non-woven" is commonly understood as an independent group of products. These composite materials are made up from endless filaments, shorter staple fibres or micro- fibres that have been bonded together to a mat, by e.g. intertwining, by cohesive or adhesive bonding.
- the fibres may be synthetic, natural fibres or blend of synthetic and natural fibres. Examples of natural fibres are cotton and cellulose pulp fibres (one can for example report to standards DIN 61 210 T2 of October 1998 and IS 9092- EN29092).
- Paper, cardboard and paperboard are essentially composed of fibres of vegetable origin and formed by drainage of a fibrous suspension on e.g. a screen and subsequently drying of the formed web (one can for example report to the standard DIN 6730, May 1996) .
- Tissue paper is a sub group of paper having low basis weights normally less than 40 g/m 2 .
- Tissue paper is porous, absorbent paper and normally elastic due to foreshortening of either the wet or the dry sheet, e.g. creping.
- tissue plies produced on a tissue paper machine are often bonded to other tissue plies.
- binders For non-woven of conventional type, the following components can for example be used : latex based on ethylvinyl acetate, acrylates, polyvinyl alcohol or styrene-butadiene.
- Wet strength resins for example polyamide- epichlorhydrin (PAE) resins, urea formaldehyde (UF) , polyethylene imine and different starches can be used to increase the wet strength for non- woven as well as paper.
- wet strength resins contain some kind of reactive groups, such as unsaturated groups (double or triple bounds) , epoxy-, amine-, hydroxy- or carboxylic groups. These reactive groups will react or interact with chemical groups within other wet strength resin molecules or chemical groups situated on cellulose containing fibres.
- thermo-bonding Another method of raising the wet strength in structures comprising cellulose-containing fibres is by thermo-bonding, which can be used where the structures also contain thermoplastic fibres or particles. In such cases the thermoplastic fibres in the materials are melted by means of raised temperature and if needed pressure.
- the drawback with this method is that the structures become stiffer and fused thermoplastic fibres can locally form hard regions which can score delicate surfaces or the skin of the user.
- a further drawback with the thermal bonding is that the fibre recycling becomes more difficult.
- Plasma should be understood as the general term for gases in a state which comprises ions, electrons, free radicals, and photons within the UV-range, but also molecules and atoms. Plasma is electrically neutral and is normally generated by an energy source, for example by an electrical discharge, or else by microwaves.
- Plasma treatment can be said to be a further development of corona treatment and the primary difference is that corona treatment takes place at atmospheric pressure whilst so-called glow discharge in cold plasma takes place at reduced pressure. Plasma treatment can be executed in the presence of different gases depending on which result is desired.
- Plasma treatment is used nowadays, for example, to provide plastic components with a coatable surface. It is also used to chemically modify the surface on fibres with an aim to increase the wettability of fibres as well as to increase the adherence between fibres and filler. Corona treatment has for long been used to morphologically and chemically modify the surface of polymer films and in particular for the purpose of improving the adhesion of printing inks or to perforate the film. Apparatus for corona treatment is described in , for example, US-A-4, 283, 291.
- WO 96/27044 proposes that a hydro- entangled non-woven material is subjected to a" plasma or corona treatment to achieve a higher wet strength.
- the non- woven material comprises cellulose containing fibres.
- the document US-A-5, 576, 076 describes a method to treat a substrate, for example a cellulose-containing substrate such as paper or paper board, with electrical discharge in an atmosphere containing silane, an oxidizing agent such as oxygen, and an inert carrier gas.
- a substrate for example a cellulose-containing substrate such as paper or paper board
- an oxidizing agent such as oxygen
- an inert carrier gas for example a cellulose-containing substrate such as paper or paper board
- the European patent application N° 9840201.7 describes tissue treated with the aforementioned method. The aim of the treatment in both documents is to get a better wettability of the product.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for modifying the surface of cellulose- containing fibres in order - depending on the specifications required by each final product- to enhance strength properties, wettability, storage stability, absorption kinetics and capacity.
- a further object of the invention is a method of modifying the surface of cellulose-containing fibres in such a manner that they exhibit a higher density of functional groups on the surface, such as carboxylated groups or else that they exhibit new nitrogen-containing groups .
- Another object of the invention is to provide surface modified cellulose-containing fibres with improved strength properties wettability and storage stability. The fibres having been modified with the method according to the invention.
- a further object is to provide surface modified cellulose-containing fibres showing increased number of carboxylated and nitrogen-containing groups attached to the surface of the cellulose containing fibres with chemical bonds, e.g. covalent bonds.
- the fibres can be treated either separately, before they have been formed to a structure, or within a structure e.g. after they have been formed to a web.
- Another object of the invention is a fibrous structure comprising the surface modified cellulose containing fibres with carboxylated and nitrogen-containing groups attached to the fibre surface.
- a further object of the invention are products, such as tissue paper and non-woven wipes, comprising surface modified cellulose containing fibres with carboxylated and nitrogen-containing groups attached to the fibre surface.
- the method according to the present invention for treating cellulosic fibres, according to which the fibre is submitted to an electrical discharge, in presence of a treatment gaseous mixture comprising a carrier gas, as well as a reducing gas and/or an oxidizing gas, at the atmospheric pressure, is characterized the following way : when the treatment gaseous mixture comprises an oxidizing gas, the content of the oxidizing gas in the mixture is in the range 50 to 2000 ppm vol, - when the treatment gaseous mixture comprises a reducing gas, the content of the reducing gas in the mixture is in the range 50 to 30000 ppm vol.
- the method according to the present invention may also adopt one or more of the following characteristics - when the treatment gaseous mixture comprises an oxidizing gas, this oxidizing gas is C0 2 or N 2 0 or H 2 0 or a mixture thereof.
- the treatment gaseous mixture comprises a carrier gas, a reducing gas and an oxidizing gas, and R being the ratio between said content of reducing gas and said content of oxidizing gas, 0 ⁇ R ⁇ 15 .
- said content of oxidizing gas is in the range 100 to 1000 ppm vol. , the ratio R being in the range 0,5 ⁇ R ⁇ 8.
- said contents and ratio R are controlled in order to obtain a water contact angle on the fibres this way treated between 0 and 30°.
- said reducing gas is hydrogen.
- the fibre has been, prior to said treatment, submitted to a pre-treatment, by being submitted to an electrical discharge, in presence of a pre-treatment gaseous mixture comprising air or an inert gas or a mixture thereof.
- the inert gas of the pretreatment is advantageously nitrogen, argon or helium or a mixture thereof.
- oxygen or any other oxygen- containing gases such as, for instance, CO, C0 2 , NO, H20, N 2 0 or N0 2 : As mentioned previously, it is preferred to use according to the invention C0 2 or N 2 0 or H 2 0 or a mixture thereof.
- the fibres can be treated individually, for example mixed in a fluidising medium, e.g. in a gas .
- Fibres that are treated individually can be modified to give a fibrous structure a higher dry and wet strength.
- a non-exclusive theory to the achieved increase of the strength properties is that chemical active groups, e.g. carboxylate or nitrogen- containing groups formed on the surface of fibres during the modification will interact with other formed active groups on other fibres or directly with the untreated surface of other fibres. If the fibres are treated with wet or dry strength agents to further increase the strength properties of a formed fibrous structure the active groups on the fibres may interact with these strength agents and so achieve a crosslinking between the fibres.
- the fibres may also be modified after they have been formed to a fibrous structure. If the fibres are treated after the formation of a fibrous structure the modification will mostly give rise to changes in wettability and storage stability. According to the invention the fibrous structure can be treated when it is still wet, e.g. on a machine forming the fibrous structure or when it is dry e.g. during converting of the fibrous structure to the final product. During production of nonwoven fibrous structure fibres are air- or wet- or foam-formed on a wire.
- the fibres dispersed in a gas, in a liquid or in a foamed liquid respectively, subsequently placed on a wire whereby any dispersing liquid or gas is drained by processes known per se, see e.g. SE 9402470 A, CA 841,938. Thereafter the fibres are hydro-entangled bonded to form a fibrous structure.
- Other ways of bonding the fibres is using bonding agents, thermobonding by melting some of the fibres and part of fibres in the fibre mixture or by needling.
- the fibres can be bonded by hydro-entanglement with an energy input in the range 200-800 kWh/ton. The hydro- entanglement takes place using conventional methods and equipment .
- the hydro-entanglement of wet- or a foam-formed fibre web can either take place in-line i. e. immediately after the fibre has been drained on the wire or on a web, which has been dried.
- a plurality of wet and/or dry fibrous structures can also be laminated together by hydro- entanglement forming a layered fibrous structure or by other bonding methods .
- the invention is of particularly great significance for wet and foam-formed nonwoven material where the choice of fibres is more restricted since too long fibres are difficult to disperse in liquid or foam.
- the problem with sufficient wet strength is normally greater in material containing short fibres.
- Tissue paper is usually creped on a Yankee cylinder during the drying.
- Other paper qualities can be sized and or caelered if it necessary for the quality.
- the headbox may have more than one nozzle for forming a layered fibrous structure.
- cellulose containing fibres is used for all fibres that contain cellulose, being either of natural or synthetic nature.
- the natural fibres are made from plant fibres from e.g. hardwood, softwood or cotton. Fibres from esparto grass, bagasse, (cereal straw, rice straw, bamboo, hemp) , ke p fibres flax or other woody and cellulosic fibres can also be used as raw material. These fibres can be treated according to different chemical and mechanical methods before they are treated with the method according to the invention. The fibres may further be primary (virgin) fibres or secondary fibres (from waste paper) .
- the chemical methods for making a chemical pulp can be the sulphite process the sulphate or Kraft process, the soda process or process using organic solvents (e.g. Organosolv, organocell, Alcell) .
- the mechanical pulp can be groundwood pulp or refiner pulp.
- the refiner pulp can be further subdivided into thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) , and chemo- thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP and other subgroups thereof) .
- the fibres can further be bleached with known methods .
- the different ways of making the fibres have an influence on the surface chemistry of the final fibres.
- a fibre produced by a mechanical method will contain much more lignin and hemicellulose than a bleached fibre made by some of the chemical methods. These differences will give different surface properties to the fibres and different reaction behaviour when treated according to the invention.
- cellulose containing fibres may be fibres made from regenerated cellulose such as rayon or viscose fibres.
- the cellulose containing fibres can also be mixed with other synthetic fibres, e.g. polyester, polyamide or the like. Any mixture that still contains at least 10%, 30 % or 50%, by weight of cellulose containing fibres is according the invention still a web comprising cellulose containing fibres.
- the cellulose containing fibres may preferably be fibrillated before the treatment according to the invention.
- the surface layer of the fibres is torn open and partially removed. This increases the surface area and the bonding capacity of the fibres.
- some of the fibres are also ruptured in to smaller pieces. The fibrillation changes the static and dynamic strength properties of the fibres.
- the fibres can be fibrillated in a refiner known in the state of the art.
- the fibrous structure of the invention comprises surface modified fibres according to the invention.
- the fibrous structure may also comprise cellulose-containing fibres with a surface that has not been modified according to the invention.
- the content such non-modified cellulose- containing fibres may be according to the invention up to 90%, 70 % or 50 %, by weight based on the weight .of the structure.
- a layer as described in this application is a fibrous structure.
- a multi-layer structure contains more than one layer that are bonded together by covalent and/or hydrogen bonds and/or by other conceivable bonds.
- the fibrous structure may consist of one or more layers, preferably 1- 10, which cannot be separated from each other.
- the modified fibres according to the invention may be present in all layers in a layered structure or in just some of the layers .
- the fibrous structure of the invention can also comprise synthetic fibres, e.g. polyester, polyamide or the like that are surface modified but also such synthetic fibres that are not modified.
- the amount of synthetic fibres can be up to 10%, 50 % or 80 % by weight based on the weight of the structure.
- the synthetic fibres may be present in all layers in a layered structure or in just some of the layers .
- the fibrous structure according to the invention may have a basis weight in the range 8-300g /m 2 .
- wet strength agents may be appropriate in individual cases in order to achieve a further improvement in strength properties.
- suitable wet strength agents are: carboxymethylcellulose, polyamide-epichlorhydrin (PAE) , polyacryl amide urea formaldehyde resins and pre-polymers, melamine formaldehyde resins and pre-polymers as well as phenol formaldehyde resins and pre-polymers.
- Paper and nonwoven products according to the invention comprise the fibrous structure of the invention.
- the products can be made up by one or more plies. At least one ply is made of the fibrous structure according to the invention described above.
- a ply in the sense of the invention is a fibrous structure as described above. Plies can be bonded together with adhesives or embossing in such a way that it will be possible to at least partially separate them from each other.
- a ply comprises one or more layers with the same or different compositions.
- One or more of the plies of a multiply paper may consist of conventional non-modified fibres, e.g. cellulose-containing fibres or synthetic.
- tissue paper products and nonwoven products are:
- the fibrous structures that may be one ply of a product according to the invention are converted to a sellable product .
- the fibrous product may be embossed and/or printed and/or provided with an active ingredient such as an softening or caring lotion or an detergent.
- the paper/nonwoven product may exist as a sheet or as a roll.
- the paper/nonwoven according to the invention preferably has a basis weight of 20 to 300 g/m 2 , in the case of tissue product the basis weight is usually 10 to 60 g/m 2 and for nonwoven 30 to 200 g/m 2 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002399313A CA2399313A1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-01-19 | Method for treating cellulosic fibres |
AU30198/01A AU3019801A (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-01-19 | Method for treating cellulosic fibres |
EP01902342A EP1268939A1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-01-19 | Method for treating cellulosic fibres |
JP2001558541A JP2003528222A (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-01-19 | Cellulose fiber treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00400402A EP1124008A1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2000-02-11 | Method for treating cellulosic fibres |
EP00400402.4 | 2000-02-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001059216A1 true WO2001059216A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
Family
ID=8173555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/000622 WO2001059216A1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-01-19 | Method for treating cellulosic fibres |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1124008A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003528222A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3019801A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2399313A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001059216A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10121367A1 (en) * | 2001-05-02 | 2002-11-07 | Agrodyn Hochspannungstechnik G | Process for pretreating porous material |
DE10359847A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-28 | Metsä Tissue Oyj | Process and assembly to modify the surface characteristics of tissue paper or baking paper by exposure to plasma cloud |
EP1752025A1 (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2007-02-14 | Universidade do Minho | Continuous and semi-continuous treatment of textile materials integrating corona discharge |
AT512460B1 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-11-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Dispersible non-woven textiles |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2120694A (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-12-07 | John Christopher Roberts | Method of rendering a material hydrophobic |
JPS60197740A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-10-07 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | Preparation of laminate |
EP0467639A2 (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-22 | E.C. Chemical Co. Ltd. | Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment process |
US5387842A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-02-07 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corp. | Steady-state, glow discharge plasma |
WO1996027044A1 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-06 | Sca Hygiene Paper Ab | Method for producing a spunlace material with increased wet strength and spunlace material according to the method |
US5576076A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-11-19 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for creating a deposit of silicon oxide on a traveling solid substrate |
EP0803342A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-29 | Japan Vilene Company, Ltd. | A process for treating outer/inner surfaces of a porous non-conductor and the modified porous non-conductor |
JPH1199636A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-13 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | Nonwoven fabric for cleaning printer blanket |
EP0964093A1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 1999-12-15 | J.W. Suominen Oy | Method for improving and regulating the adhesion strength between fibers of cellulose or a cellulose-synthetic fiber blend in a method for producing nonwoven fabric products |
-
2000
- 2000-02-11 EP EP00400402A patent/EP1124008A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-01-19 AU AU30198/01A patent/AU3019801A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-19 CA CA002399313A patent/CA2399313A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-19 EP EP01902342A patent/EP1268939A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-19 JP JP2001558541A patent/JP2003528222A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-19 WO PCT/EP2001/000622 patent/WO2001059216A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2120694A (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-12-07 | John Christopher Roberts | Method of rendering a material hydrophobic |
JPS60197740A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-10-07 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | Preparation of laminate |
EP0467639A2 (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-22 | E.C. Chemical Co. Ltd. | Atmospheric pressure plasma surface treatment process |
US5576076A (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1996-11-19 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process for creating a deposit of silicon oxide on a traveling solid substrate |
US5387842A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-02-07 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corp. | Steady-state, glow discharge plasma |
WO1996027044A1 (en) * | 1995-02-27 | 1996-09-06 | Sca Hygiene Paper Ab | Method for producing a spunlace material with increased wet strength and spunlace material according to the method |
EP0803342A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-29 | Japan Vilene Company, Ltd. | A process for treating outer/inner surfaces of a porous non-conductor and the modified porous non-conductor |
JPH1199636A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-13 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | Nonwoven fabric for cleaning printer blanket |
EP0964093A1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 1999-12-15 | J.W. Suominen Oy | Method for improving and regulating the adhesion strength between fibers of cellulose or a cellulose-synthetic fiber blend in a method for producing nonwoven fabric products |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198546, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A32, AN 1985-287192, XP002137039 * |
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199925, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A97, AN 1999-295885, XP002137040 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2399313A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
AU3019801A (en) | 2001-08-20 |
JP2003528222A (en) | 2003-09-24 |
EP1124008A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
EP1268939A1 (en) | 2003-01-02 |
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