WO2001054641A1 - Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability - Google Patents
Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001054641A1 WO2001054641A1 PCT/US2001/002971 US0102971W WO0154641A1 WO 2001054641 A1 WO2001054641 A1 WO 2001054641A1 US 0102971 W US0102971 W US 0102971W WO 0154641 A1 WO0154641 A1 WO 0154641A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- wickmg
- layei
- wicking
- density
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/535—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes
- A61F13/536—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad inhomogeneous in the plane of the pad, e.g. core absorbent layers being of different sizes having discontinuous areas of compression
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
- A61F13/15617—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53743—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
- A61F13/53747—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer is facing the topsheet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/53743—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers
- A61F13/53756—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the position of the layer relative to the other layers the layer facing the back-sheet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
- A61F13/537—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer
- A61F13/5376—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad characterised by a layer facilitating or inhibiting flow in one direction or plane, e.g. a wicking layer characterised by the performance of the layer, e.g. acquisition rate, distribution time, transfer time
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15422—Density
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
- A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
- A61F2013/15422—Density
- A61F2013/1543—Density with a density gradient in the horizontal plane
Definitions
- the piesent ention relates to disposable absorbent hygiene products like diapers, sanitary napkins, surgical drapes, wound dressings, and to absorbent cores foi use therein, and to a process for making these products with enhanced softness and fluid- handling capability ⁇ 4ore particularly, this invention 1 elates to a multi-layer airlaid absorbent structure tng a discrete layei of compiessible fibrous wicking material placed between a moisture impermeable backsheet and a fluid storage layei, and to a continuous airlaid process foi the production thereof BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
- Disposable absorbent hygiene products such as premium baby diapers, training pants, adult incontinence de ⁇ ices and feminine napkins are typically made with a cellulose fiber fluff-based absorbent core sandwiched between a liquid pervious top sheet and a low density acquisition or surge layer whose function is to allow the tempoiary storage and unobstructed passage of fluid to the absorbent core while acting as a barrier to the retransfer of liquid back to the skin of the user, and a liquid impervious backing sheet usually of plastic material, whose function is to contain the absorbed fluid and prevent it from passing through the absorbent core and soiling the undergarments of the wearer of the absorbent article
- the acquisition layer typically comprises chemically stiffened cellulose fluff or bonded synthetic fibers, wherein the bonding is through the medium of thermoplastic binder fibers or powder or via the application of a latex binder
- the absorbent core of these absorbent articles is usually constructed of defibe ⁇ zed wood pulp with or without superabsorbent polymer granules
- the absorbent core is typically formed on a pad-forming unit of a converting machine on a carrier tissue to facilitate processing.
- Some absorbent core forming units are equipped with layering capability in which a second discrete fluff layer may be laid ovei a p ⁇ maiy fluff-based absoibent layer to fom a multi-layer absorbent coie
- the p ⁇ mai y layer may include superabsorbent polymei granules
- legard to conventionally produced absorbent cores reference is made to U S Patent Nos 5,378 528, 5,128,082, 5,607,414, 5,147,343 5,149,335, 5.522,810, 5,041 ,104, 5 176,668 5,389.181 , and 4,596,567
- the supei absorbent polymei component of absorbent cores it is known from U S Pat Nos 3,669,103 and 3,670,731 to crosslink caiboxyhc polyelectrolytes to create hydrogel-formmg materials, now commonly leferred to as superabsorbent
- Fluid distribution which is defined as wicking in both the horizontal and vertical planes, is dependent on effective capillary diametei, among othei factois It is well known that the effective size of capillaries formed between adjacent fibeis in a fibious facilitatectuie is determined by fiber size and the density or extent of compaction of the fibious employcture
- U S Patent No 5,647,863 a combined storage and distribution member of an absorbent core is disclosed, that has higher capillary suction than a fluid acquisition member and a stain-mdicatmg member
- the storage/distribution layer not only draws the fluid insult out of the acquisition layer, but also preferably distributes the insult more in the longitudinal direction of the core than toward the sides This preferential movement of the fluid is a result of alignment of the fibrous materials in the machine direction during wet processing
- the wickmg/stotage layer comprises superabsoibent polymer gianules mixed w ith fibei and sandwiched between high-density fluff layers
- U S Patent No 5,009 650 illustrates seveial product designs intended to achieve fluid distnbution m absorbent products
- fluid distribution and ultimate fluid storage occui in the higher density layer which may contain superabsorbent polymer
- U S Patent No 4,223,677 for fluid tiansfei into a disposable diapei U S Patent No 5,188,624 teaches a liquid dispersion layer between an absorbent core and a backing sheet which the liquid dispersion layer has a lower density than the insert An enhanced vertical wicking rate is alleged for such a construction
- U S Patent No 5, 401,267 interposes a lower density non-wickmg layer between two high wickmg layers and suggests that the inner layer transfers fluid from the first layer to the third layer The second layer, however, retains fluid only when the third layer is saturated
- U S Patent No 4,573,988 teaches an ultrathm and lightweight (less than 136 gsm or 4 oz vd 7 ), absorbent core in which a first, absorbent layer formed of synthetic staple fibers is held m a stabilized compressed state
- Patent No. 3,017,304 hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the "Burgeni" layer disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3, 938,522, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, is optionally formed with grooved compaction rolls to increase the available surface area of the paper-like layer and provide thickened ribs of densified material for transporting higher volumes of fluid than would be possible with a flat layer.
- the entire absorbent article is embossed on one or both sides to form spaced densified areas to enhance fluid spreading in U.S. Patent No. 4,443,512, hereby inco ⁇ orated by reference in its entirety,. Dry-laid or wet-laid fibrous webs of wood pulp fibers in U.S. Patent No.
- Patent No.3, 994,771 hereby inco ⁇ orated by reference in its entirety, a wet-laid absorbent paper structure containing separate layers of long softwood fibers and short hardwood fibers is pressed against an open mesh drying/imprinting fabric to obtain softness and bulk. With these processes, as the density or degree of compaction of a material increases, so also does the bending modulus or stiffness of the material.
- One consequence of the pi esent ention is dn orcmg ox eiall pioduct densitv and stiffness liom the ability of the pioduct to ⁇ eitically ick fluid to high levels by including in a lelatively low-density product a fibrous layei of a density conducive to effective wickmg, pieferably located near the moistme impervious outer cover
- An essential feature of the wickmg layeis of this invention is the ability to effectiv ely tiansfer the vertically wicked fluid to the adjacent fluid storage layei
- This invention is dnected to an absorbent article made of a liquid permeable top sheet, a liquid impermeable back sheet, and an absoibent coie disposed bet een the topsheet and the backsheet
- the absoibent coie is made on a continuous an laid machine and includes an acquisition layer in effectiv e fluid communication with the topsheet and disposed beneath the topsheet, a storage layer having absorbent capacity, the storage layer contacting the acquisition layer and being disposed beneath the acquisition layei, and a wickmg layer having a density between 0 1 g/cc and 0 3 g/cc.
- this invention provides a method to make an absorbent article having a wickmg layer with the ability to effectively trans fei the vertically-wicked fluid to the adjacent fluid storage layer
- This invention provides an absorbent core comprising (1 ) an acquisition layer in effective fluid communication with
- a wickmg layer disposed beneath and contacting the storage layer, comp ⁇ sing compressible hardwood pulp and having a density of from about 0 05 to about 0 4 g/cc, wheie the ratio of the vertical wickmg height of the wickmg layei to the vertical wickmg height of the storage layer is equal to or greater than 1 25
- an absoibent article comprising (A) a liquid pei meable top sheet,
- wickmg layer disposed beneath and contacting the stoiage layei, compiismg compressible hardwood pulp and having a density of fiom 0 05 to 0 4 g/cc, where the ratio of the vertical wickmg height of the wickmg layei to the vertical wick g height of the storage layer is equal to or greater than 1 25
- This invention provides a method of making an absorbent core comp ⁇ sing
- the present invention also provides a method of making an absorbent article comprising
- This mvention also provides a method of making an absorbent article compiismg (A) providing a liquid impervious back sheet, (B) forming a wickmg layer comprising compressible hardwood fibers.
- this invention provides a liquid pervious top sheet in effective fluid communication with the acquisition layer, where the ratio of the vertical wickmg height of the wicking layer to v ertical wicking height of the storage layer is equal to or greater than 1.25
- this invention provides an absorbent core comprising
- the coie is made by a method of making an absoibent coie compiismg
- this m ention piovides an absorbent coie compiismg
- the core is made by a method of making an absorbent core comprising
- wickmg layer comprising compressible wood fibeis
- B compressing the wickmg lavei to a density of between 0 05 to 0 4 g/cc, wheie densification of the wicking layei is done between a forming oi transfei fabnc and a compaction roll or between a patterned compaction roll and a smooth roll or between two patterned compaction rolls to form a web imprinted wickmg layer ith a pattern of densified regions and less densified regions in the fibrous web, (C) forming a storage layer having absorbent capacity in effective fluid communication with the wickmg layer, and
- Fig 1 is a cioss-sectional view of the absorbent structure of an embodiment of the piesent mvention
- Fig 2 is a top v iew of a web imprinted wickmg member of an embodiment of the piesent invention
- Fig 3 is a side v tew of a web imprinted side membei of an embodiment of the piesent invention
- Fig 4 is a graph of wick g height versus density
- Fig 5 is a graph of rewet results
- Fig 6 is a graph of rewet results
- Fig 7 is a graph of rewet results
- Fig 8 is a graph of stain size results.
- Fig 9 (a) and (b) depicts perspective views of partially densified embodiments of the present invention
- wicking height, fluid retention and rewet can be improved without compromising product softness
- This wickmg layei efficiently transports fluid vertically for a greater distance than is possible in a unitary or homogeneous structure of comparable overall density and also distributes the fluid laterally into an adjacent fluid storage layer and does so at an overall density and product stiffness such that the product remains soft, flexible, and comfortable to wear
- the wicking layer is physically independent of the other layers of the absorbent core, but is still in fluid communication with the adjacent storage layer.
- the osmotic pressure (fluid suction power) of the superabsorbent material in the storage layer is the driving force behind the effective transfer of the vertically-wicked fluid from the higher density or smaller pore size wicking layer back into the lower density storage layer.
- Superabsorbent polymers being typically the sodium salt of poly (acrylic acid), are highly ionic and consequently exhibit high osmotic pressure. This high osmotic driving force overcomes the natural tendency for fluid to remain in regions of smaller pore size capillaries.
- this improvement can be achieved by constructing the wicking layer from compressible wood pulp fibers such as hardwood pulp, typified by eucalyptus, or from softwood pulp treated to be readily compressible. It should be noted that mixtures of fibers, including hardwood and chemically treated softwood fibers, as well as minor amounts of synthetic fibers, may be used.
- the wicking layer typically contains from about 50 percent by weight to about 99.9 percent or 100 percent by weight of compressible wood pulp fibers, more desirably from about 80 percent to about 100 percent by weight, and preferably from about 90 percent to about 100 percent by weight of compressible wood pulp fibers, and, optionally, from about 0.1 percent to about 50 percent by weight of synthetic fibers, more desirably from about 0.1 percent to about 20 percent by weight, and preferably from about 0.1 percent to about 10 percent by weight, of synthetic fibers.
- the wicking layer may also contain binders, such as, for example, latex binders, or binding may be accomplished thermally with minor amounts of one or more synthetic fibers, such as, for example, a bicomponent fiber, or with a powder, such as, for example, polyethylene powder.
- binders such as, for example, latex binders
- binding may be accomplished thermally with minor amounts of one or more synthetic fibers, such as, for example, a bicomponent fiber, or with a powder, such as, for example, polyethylene powder.
- various synthetic fibers can be substituted for the wood fibers of the wicking layer.
- these are wettable fibers having a diameter of from about 5 microns to about 15 microns and a length of from about 0.5 mm to about 2.5 mm.
- Fibers of rayon, acrylic, polyester, polyamide and polyolefin, including polyethylene and polypropylene, may be suitable.
- a surfactant treatment may improve the wettability of the fibers.
- the wicking layer is densified to the desired degree for superior vertical wicking prior to forming the remainder of the product layers upon it, whereby the wicking heights achievable by the entire product are thereby enhanced.
- the measured density of the wicking layer will depend upon the pressure applied duimg the measurement After densification, the density of the wickmg lavei undei an applied pressure of 4 g/cm ⁇ desirably is in the range from about 0 05 g cc to about 0 4 g/cc, moie desirably from 0 06 to 0 3 g/cc, even more desirably from 0 1 to 0 3 g/cc oi between 0 1 to 0 3 g/cc More particularly, with a hardwood pulp fiber such as eucalyptus, the density of the wickmg layei is piefeiably from about 0 05 to about 0 2 g cc and more piefeiably about 0
- the densification of the w ickmg layei is done between the fomung or transfer fabric and a compaction loll oi betw een a patterned compaction loll and a smooth roll or between two patterned compaction lolls to impose a pattern of densified regions and less densified regions in the fibrous vv eb
- the various compaction rolls may be heated In this embodiment, it has been su ⁇ smgly found that untreated softwood fibers can be used
- FIGS 2 and 3 show views of a web imprinted wicking layei The portion of the wickmg layer that has been compacted is shown as a plurality of stripes 22 and the noncompacted portion of the wickmg layer is shown as 24
- the density of the web compacted stripes ranges fiom about 0 1 g/cc to 0 5 g/cc
- the absoibent coie is a un ⁇ ta ⁇ > absoibent coie pioduced in a senes of unit opeiations a continuous piocess, pieferably an an laid pi ocess
- Wickmg can be impio ed along the machine-diiection ol the fibious w eb by embossing high-density lanes into the web
- This method imparts cioss-machme density giadients to the web
- This method does not negatively affect web stiffness as much as the method of densifymg the entire web
- this method also significantly reduces the v oid volume of the web, m that this method calls foi embossing through the entne web
- Wickmg can be impio ed with the piesent invention without saciificmg laige amounts of web void v olume
- the piesent inv ention wicking and fluid distnbution can be impioved without a
- the web according to the present invention can be manufactured, foi example, using an airlaid line with two forming heads
- the fust forming head can be used to unifonnly fomi a lower stratum of a two-strata unitaiy absorbent coie
- an embossing roll can be used to emboss the lower stratum against the forming wne of the an laid line, thus placing high-density wickmg lanes into the lovvei stiatum
- the second fonning head can be used to uniformly fonn the uppei stiatum of a two-stiata unitaiy absorbent core
- the entne web can be densified in a calendar stack to a unifomi thickness Densifymg the two-strata unitary absoibent core to a final, uniform thickness ensures that channels of relatively low density are present in the uppei stratum of the core, directly above the high-density wickmg la
- the wood pulp fibers can be treated by imprinting the wickmg layei with the pattern of the forming or transfer fabric using a compaction roll, which may be heated, 01 embossing the wickmg layer with a patterned and, optionally, heated compaction roll
- This treatment is referred to as web tieatment
- Heated compaction lolls are typically smooth-faced steel drums equipped with an internal heat souice and a hydraulic means of applying pressure to the compaction roll against another steel 01 haid l ubber 1 oil
- the compaction 1 oil is engraved with a pattern w hich, undei pi essui c, transfers to the web being compacted
- the engraved roll is typically known as an embossing roll and may be heated
- the selection of pulp type and/or w eb treatment allows the material of this invention to physically transport fluid vertically to an extent not practicable in homogeneous (nonlayered) structures due to stiffness limitations for product comfort
- FIG 1 a cioss-sectional view of an an laid absorbent article is shown with moisture pe ⁇ neable topsheet 10, acquisition layei 1 1 , stoiage layei 12. wickmg layer 13 and moisture impermeable backsheet 14
- the topsheet 10 is liquid pervious and should be flexible and nonir ⁇ tating to the skm.
- the acquisition layer 1 1 , storage layer 12 and wickmg layer 13 form the absorbent core 15
- the absorbent core 15 is used to collect bodily fluids such as menses or urine
- the topsheet 10 if employed, presents a body- facing surface which is compliant, soft-feelmg, and non-ir ⁇ tatmg to the wearer's skm Further, the topsheet 10 is sufficiently porous to be liquid permeable, permitting liquid to readily peneti ate through its thickness
- a suitable topsheet 10 may be manufactured from a wide range of materials, such as porous foams, reticulated foams, apertured plastic films, natural fibers, such as, for example, wood or cotton fibers, synthetic fibers, such as, for example, polyester or polypropylene fibers, or a combination of natural and synthetic fibers
- the topsheet 10 is typically employed to help isolate the wearer's skm from liquids held the absorbent structure.
- the topsheet 10 can have a basis weight, ranging from about 10 0 gsm to about 100 gsm, and a density of between about 0 05 g/cc and about 0 5 g/cc
- the topsheet 10 can be treated with a selected amount of surfactant, or otherwise processed to impart the desired level of wettability and hydrophilicity. If a surfactant is used, it can be an internal additive or applied to the layer by any conventional means, such as spraying, brush coating and the like.
- the topsheet may be composed of a meltblown or spunbonded web of polyolefin fibers.
- the topsheet may also be a bonded-carded-web composed of natural and/or synthetic fibers.
- the absorbent core may be manufactured in a variety of shapes.
- the core 15 is preferably confo ⁇ nable and nonirritating to the skin.
- the acquisition layer 1 1 is positioned between the topsheet 10 and the storage layer 12.
- the acquisition layer 1 1 functions to quickly collect and temporarily hold bodily fluids that have been deposited thereon or which have been traversed through the topsheet 10. Additionally, the acquisition layer 1 1 functions to transport those bodily fluids to the underlying storage layer 12.
- the acquisition 1 1 and storage 12 layers are thus in effective fluid communication.
- the acquisition layer 1 1 must have sufficient capillary suction to draw bodily fluids through the topsheet 10 but not have excessive fluid retention to make it difficult for the storage layer 12 positioned below the acquisition layer 1 1 to deabsorb the acquisition layer 1 1.
- Suitable material for the acquisition layer may include cross-linked cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers, or combinations thereof.
- the density of the acquisition layer is between 0.04 to 0.1 g/cc.
- the storage layer 12 functions to receive and ultimately contain bodily fluids passing through the acquisition layer 1 1.
- the acquisition 1 1 and storage 12 layers are thus in effective fluid communication.
- the density of the storage layer is between 0.05 to 0.25 g/cc.
- suitable materials for the storage layer 12 include synthetic or chemically treated cellulosic fibers and wood pulp and superabsorbent materials.
- the wicking layer 13 is positioned below the storage layer 12 and above the moisture impermeable backsheet 14. The wicking layer 13 functions to draw fluid out of the storage layer, to wick it to another less saturated area, and then to transfer a substantial portion of the fluid back to the storage layer 12.
- the storage layer 12 and the wicking layer 13 are thus in effective fluid communication.
- Vanous acquisition la eis and stoiage layers have been disclosed which aie suitable for use in this invention, such as, for example, the acquisition layei and the stoiage layer of U S Ser No 09/325,764, and corresponding PCT/US00/ 16001.
- the backsheet 14 is substantially lmpe ⁇ i eable to liquids and is typically manufactuied fiom a thin plastic film, or other flexible liquid-impermeable material As used in the piesent specification, the term "flexible" lefeis to materials w hich are compliant and which will readily conform to the general shape and contouis of the w eaiei's body
- the backsheet 14 pi events the exudates contained in the absoibent Jrctuie fiom wetting articles such as bed sheets and ovei garments that contact the finished product
- the backsheet 14 may be, for example, a polyethylene film having a thickness of from about 0 012 mm (0 5 mil) to 0 051 mm (2 0 mils)
- the backsheet may be a woven or nonwoven fibrous web layer that has been constructed oi ti eated to impart the desired level of liquid impermeability
- Other alternative constiuctions for the backsheet 14 include
- the backsheet 14 may optionally be composed of a "breathable" mate ⁇ al w hich permits vapois to escape from the absorbent structure while still preventing liquid exudates from passing through the backsheet
- the backsheet can also be embossed and/or matte finished to provide a more aesthetically pleasing appearance
- the wickmg layer comprises hardwood fiber, such as, for example, eucalyptus, birch, aspen, maple, cotton wood, willow, oak, beech, poplar and basswood, preferably, one or more of the several species of eucalyptus
- the wickmg layer comp ⁇ ses a fluff pulp, either a hardwood pulp or a chemically treated softwood pulp , which is defined as a softwood pulp which has been softened or plasticized to be inherently more compiessible than unmodified fluff pulp fibei s The same pi essme applied to a plasticized fluff pulp web ill lesult
- Plasticizers for cellulose which can be added to a pulp slurry p ⁇ oi to fo ⁇ mng wetlaid sheets, can also be used to soften pulp, although thev act by a different mechanism than debondmg agents Plasticizmg agents act w ithin the fibei , at the cellulose molecule, to make flexible oi soften amo ⁇ hous regions
- Plasticizers include polyhyd ⁇ c alcohols such as glycerol, low moleculai weight polyglycol such as polyethylene glycols and polyhydroxy compounds These and othei plasticizers are described and exemplified m U S Patent Nos 4,098 996, 5547,541 and 4731 ,269, all of which are hereby inco ⁇ orated by reference m their entirety
- the ratio of the wicking height of the wickmg layei to the wickmg height of the storage layer is equal to or greatei than 1 25, more desirably, equal to or greater than 1 50, preferably, equal to or greater than 1 75, and more preferably, equal to or greater than 2 0, and even moie preferably, equal to or greater than 3 0
- the absoibent coies of this invention desnably hav e a lew et of about 2 5 g oi less, moie desirably of about 2 0 g or less, preferably of about 1 5 g oi less, moie pi efei bly of about 1 0 g oi less, and still more preferably, the absorbent core has a lewet of about 0 5 g
- Density (grams per cubic centimetei - g/cc) may be calculated from the basis weight
- Basis Weight is expressed m grams per square meter, density m grams pei cubic centimeter
- B Cahpei Cahper or thickness is measured as follows At least three measurements are taken on diffeient parts of a sample using a digital or analog thickness gauge made by AMES of
- the gauge has a 4 cm diametei foot and is equipped with a 50-gram weight so the pressuie applied to the sample is 4 giams/cnr Thickness is measured in inches and converted to centimetei s as needed for calculations
- Vertical wickmg is measuied by hanging the absorbent article or core vertically and dipping into a shallow pan of 0 9% saline
- the pan is equipped w ith a constant leveling device to maintain the level of saline
- the vertical use of the saline abov e the liquid level in the pan is measured after 30 minutes Samples are measured duplicate and the results averaged
- the units of vertical w lckmg are in millimeters
- the invention is illustrated by a series of experiments m which diapers and other like articles were made and tested.
- the experimental variables were the density of the ovetall product, the density of the wickmg layei , the type of cellulose fiber used in the wickmg layer, and the creation of a densified pattern in the wickmg layei Othei elements in the overall absorbent structure, such as the acquisition layei and the storage layer, were held constant for the pu ⁇ ose of illustrating the advantages of the particulai wicking layers of this invention.
- the wickmg layers, absorbent cores, and acquisition layers were prepared sequentially on a conventional laboratory air forming handsheet apparatus producing a pad of 35.6 cm (14 inches) square, sufficient, after trimming, to yield four test samples of 7 6 cm by 22.9 cm (3 by 9 inches) or three samples of 7 6 cm by 25.4 cm (3 by 10 inches).
- This laboratory preparation simulated the type of product that can be produced continuously in a single pass on a conventional airlaid machine with at least three forming heads.
- the several layers constituting an entire absorbent product could be separately formed and assembled by a lamination process to achieve a comparable product
- a product lacks certain advantages obtained m preparing a multilayer product in a continuous airlaid process
- the wicking layer is deposited on a carrier tissue or directly on the forming wire If the wicking layer is densified at this time, the use of a between-the-heads compaction roll is simulated Otherwise, the fluid storage layer is laid down by the second forming head followed by the acquisition layer by the third forming head.
- the entire composite is sprayed with a latex binder, dried and pressed to the final density for the wicking measurement. The final density being between 0.1 to 0.3 g/cc.
- an acquisition layer comprises 84 gsm of crimped polyester staple fiber (Type T-224 from Hoechst-Trevira of Salisbury. NC) to which is applied a latex binder (Airflex AF-181 from Air Products and Chemicals of Allentown PA).
- the absorbent cores, over which the acquisition layers are fomied. all contained 161 gsm of Southern softwood kraft cellulose fluff (Foley fluff from Buckeye Technologies Inc. of Memphis, TN) and 375 gsm of commercial acrylic acid-based superabsorbent (FAVOR SXM70) available from Stockhausen Inc. of Greensboro. NC.
- the wicking layers used in the following working examples were prepared with a target basis weight of at least 150 gsm.
- the compressible pulp ND416 is available from Weyerhaeuser Co ⁇ oration of Tacoma, WA.
- Sheeted bleached eucalyptus fiber is available from Sappi Saiccor of Africa and Aracruz Celulose (USA) Inc. of Raleigh, NC.
- the storage layer was the same as in the other products and there is an acquisition layer but no separate wicking layer.
- Examples 1-3 in Table 1 show the vertical wicking performance of the wicking layer of this invention and the same combined with a fluid storage and fluid acquisition layers to represent an absorbent product. Performance of a product without the wicking layer of this invention is given by the homogeneous construction, which included only the acquisition layer and the fluid storage layer.
- the sequential formation is a simulation of the kind of product produced on an airlaid line with three forming heads with web compaction after the heads.
- the pre-densified wicking layer construction simulates an airlaid line with three fo ⁇ riing heads and a compaction roll between heads one and two to bring the wicking layer to a density of 0.3 g/cc prior to forming the other layers on it.
- the density values in Table 1 are for the overall constructions, whether single layer, bi layer, or t ⁇ layer
- Table 1 show that at essentially the same densities for a given layer or construction, vertical wicking height increases based on fiber type, in the order Foley fluff ⁇ ND416 ⁇ eucalyptus.
- the ratios of the wickmg height of the wicking layer to that of the storage layer (homogeneous construction) are 1 27, 1.49, and 1.64, respectively.
- the simulated pre-densification method to fabricate the article produces higher vertical wicking heights than the simple sequential formation approach in which the density of the wicking layer is not controlled but is determined by the compression applied to establish the overall density of the structures.
- the lowest wickmg performance was displayed by the homogeneous construction, lacking a discrete wicking layei .
- Table 2 (Examples 4-15) further illustrates the effect of the density of a wickmg layer on the vertical wicking measurement.
- a compressible fluff was made in situ, Examples 13-15, by spraying Foley pulp sheet with 4% by weight glycerin just before fiberization.
- the laboratory airlaid handsheet apparatus was again used for sample preparation followed by compaction in a laboratory press.
- Examples 16-19 show that the inteiface aiea between layei s is important foi net fluid acquisition
- the planai wickmg layei in Example 16 wicked the entne length of the 10- ⁇ nch sample Examples 17 and 18 w ith the 6 4 mm (0 25-inch) and 13 mm (0 5 inch) w ickmg stnps have half the contact aiea between the wickmg layer and the stoiage layei as m
- the strips alone raised the saline level over 200 mm, but failed to adequately transfer this fluid to the storage layer as evidenced by the low vertical height in the storage layer and low grams of salme retained
- Example 19 with legions of intermediate density between the densified lanes efficiently moved fluid into the storage layei to a lespectable height of 148 mm
- the ratios of the wickmg height of the wickmg layer to that of the stoiage layer aie 1 58, 2 19, and 1 51 lespectively
- Example 20 the effect of imprinting a pattern in the wickmg layer is quite evident when a smooth wickmg layer prepared in the laboratory is pressed to different densities for vertical wicking measurement Extrapolating the straight line connecting the three points in FIG 4 shows that a density of about 0 5 g/cc is needed to reach 300 mm wickmg height m 30 minutes
- the pilot line produced wickmg layer used in the diaper construction of Example 16 wicked to 300 mm when tested alone at a density of 0 25 g/cc
- This vertical wickmg height suggests that in the densified regions of the fabric pattern, the density apparently equals or exceeds 0 5 g/cc
- the imprinted web was su ⁇ singly soft and conformable While it is important for product development for samples made at a certain density to be tested immediately, in the practical sense, materials must dehvei the desired pioperties after piolonged storage and particularly after an absorbent article has been worn on the body foi some time.
- Example 21 a 5 1 cm by 46 cm (2 inch by 18 inch) strip of the fab ⁇ c-imp ⁇ nted 150 gsm wickmg layer of Example 16 is subjected to repeated crushing by hand and then checked for apparent density and lckmg performance along side a strip of the same web which had not been so handled The results of wickmg height versus time are shown in Table 4
- Table 4 clearly shows that even the "softened” imprinted compressible pulp wickmg layer managed to raise 0.9% NaCl to a height of 210 mm in 30 minutes It vv as able to do this despite an apparent density of only 0.12 g/cc and extreme softness from the mechanical working.
- Basis weight is the weight of the sample per unit area and is expressed in grams per square meter (g/m 2 or gsm).
- Thickness is measured using an analog thickness gauge (B C Ames Co Waltham, MA) The gauge has a 4 1-cm diameter foot and is equipped with a 1 50-g ⁇ am weight so that the pressuie applied to the sample is 1 1 4 g/cm 7 Thickness is measuied in inches and is con erted to centimetei s as needed foi calculations C Densitv
- Density can be calculated from the basis weight and the thickness undei a giv en confining pressuie using the formula
- Density Basis w eight (gsm) / [10,000 cm 7 / m 7 x Thickness (cm)] Density is expressed m grams per cubic centimetei (g/cc)
- the synthetic menstrual fluid used in this woik contains the follow ing mgiedients in the designated amounts
- Bieb ⁇ ch Scat let (red dye) can be obtained from Sigma Chemical Co St Louis
- MO Polyvinylpy ⁇ ohdone (PVP, weight-average molecular weight approximately 55,000) can be obtained from Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI
- Sodium chlonde (ACS giade) can be obtained from J T Baker, Philhpsburg, NJ
- the dry ingredients are mixed in water for at least two hours to ensure complete dissolution
- the solution temperatme is adjusted to 22°C exactly Sixteen millihters of solution is pipetted into the UL adapter chamber of a Brookfield Model DV-II+ viscometer (Brookfield Engineering
- the UL spmdle is placed into the chamber and the viscometer speed is set to 30 ⁇ m
- the target viscosity is between 9 and 10 centipoise Viscosity can be adjusted with additional water or PVP E Combination acquisition, le et, stain size test
- Latex foam 10 16 cm x 24 13 cm x 3 81 cm (4 in ⁇ 9 5 in ⁇ 1 5 m )
- Synthetic menstiual fluid Topsheet spunbond polypi opylene, 22 gsm, 25 4 cm x 10 16 cm ( 10 m x 4 in )
- Latex foam can be obtained fiom Scott Fabncs, Memphis, TN Blottei papei can be obtained fiom Buckeye Technologies, Memphis, TN
- the topsheet matenal can be obtained fiom Av gol Nonwoven Industiies, Holon, Isiael
- the fluid intake testei (FIT), of Buckeye design consists of a top plate and a bottom plate
- the top plate is a 29 7 cm x 19 0 cm x 1 3 cm plate of polycarbonate plastic
- the plate has a hole cut out of its center and a hollow intake cylinder is mounted the hole
- the innei diameter of the intake cylinder is 2 5 cm and the complete top plate weighs 872 grams
- the bottom plate of the FIT is essentially a 29 7 cm x 19 0 cm x 1 3 cm monolithic plate of polycarbonate plastic
- the sample is cut to 7 cm x 20 cm with the longei dimension m the machine dnection
- the sample weight and thickness are measured and
- the invention is lllusti ated heie by pei forming a senes of experiments in which absoibent facilitatectuies are constiucted and tested
- the experimental variables aie the type of cellulosic fibei used in the wicking layer of the structuie, the basis weight of the wickmg layei and the utilization of a web treatment on the wickmg layer
- Other elements m the oveiall absorbent structure, such as overall density, oveiall basis weight, composition of acquisition layer and composition of storage layer, are held constant foi the pu ⁇ ose of illustrating the advantages of the particular wickmg layers of this invention
- the temt "Unicoie" as used herein means a multi-layeied absorbent spactuie which could be manufactured on a continuous forming machine More specifically, the Unicore structures of this invention have discrete layei s for fluid acquisition, storage, and distribution (wicking) which layers are in contact thereby allowing fluid
- the top acquisition layer comprises 35 gsm of polyester staple fiber ( 15 dpf x 6 mm, Grade 376X2, Wellman, Inc , Johnsonville, SC) to which is applied a latex bindei (Airflex 192, Air Products and Chemicals, Allentown, PA)
- the middle layer comprises 90 gsm of HPF fiber (a mercerized Southern softwood fibei available from Buckeye Technologies, Memphis, TN) and about 9 gsm bicomponent binder fiber (Grade AL-Adhesion-C, 1.7 dtex x 6 mm, FiberVisions. Covington, GA). These two layers were made separately on an airlaid pilot machine. Minimal compaction was used in the construction of these two layers.
- the structures all contained the same top and middle layers.
- the bottom wicking layers for Examples A through H were made using a laboratory airlaid handsheet apparatus.
- the first effect was the type of cellulosic fiber used in the wicking layer.
- Half of the wicking layers were made with Grade ND-416 fiber from Weyerhaeuser Co., Tacoma WA.
- the other half of the wicking layers were made with bleached kraft eucalyptus fiber from Aracruz Celulose (USA), Raleigh, NC.
- the wicking layers contained about 10% bicomponent binder fiber by weight.
- the second effect was the basis weight of the wicking layer, which was fixed at either 50 or 70 gsm of cellulosic.
- the third effect was the use of a web treatment; half of the samples received the web treatment.
- the web treatment involved pre-densification of the wicking layer, in which the wicking la er was fo ⁇ ned in the handsheet apparatus, then densified in a laboratory press.
- a piece of fom ing wire fabric was placed on the bottom platen of the press to impose a pattern of densified regions and less densified regions in the wicking layer.
- For the wicking layers subjected to the web treatment (Examples E through H), they were pre-densified. on average, to an overall, apparent density of about 0.06 to 0.07 g/cc, with the density in the pattern imposed by the forming wire fabric likely much higher than 0.10 g/cc.
- Examples I through K have the same top and middle layers.
- the top layer comprises 35 gsm of Wellman PET with about 6 gsm of Airflex 192 latex for bonding.
- the middle layer comprises 70 gsm HPF fiber. 56 gsm Favor 1 180 superabsorbent powder (Stockhausen, Inc., Greensboro, NC) and about 9.5 gsm FiberVisions bicomponent fiber, AL-Adhesion-C, 1.7 dtex x 4 mm.
- the bottom layer comprises 70 gsm of cellulosic fiber and about 5.3 gsm of the same FiberVisions bicomponent fiber. Examples I through K were made as unitary structures on a 0.6 meter-wide, three-head pilot line.
- Example I was made with ND-416 fiber and about 2.5 gsm of Airflex 192 latex was applied to the wire side of the web to control dusting.
- Example J was made identically to Example I, except that eucalyptus fiber was substituted for ND-416 fiber and a tissue earner ( 18 gsm, Cellu Tissue Co , East Hartford, CT) w as substituted foi the w ne-side latex
- Example K was made identically to I, except that the w eb tieatment w as used foi the eucalyptus (bottom) layei
- Table 6 shows test data foi thiee samples, Examples I thiough K Note the basis weight diffeience between Example 1 and Examples 1 and K This can be attnubbed to the cainei tissue, w hich imparts essentially no pei fo ⁇ nance advantages to the samples
- Figure 6 shows lewet results foi Examples 1 through K Confi ⁇ nmg the laboiatoiy woik, the pilot samples show that eucalyptus and the web tieatment both help to impiove rewet
- the experimental variables aie the type of haidwood fiber used in the wicking layer of the stmcture and the basis weight of the wickmg layei
- An example using the softwood fiber ND-416 in the wickmg layei is included for comparison purposes
- Other elements of the oveiall absorbent structure, such as oveiall density, overall basis weight, composition of acquisition layer and composition of storage layer, are held constant foi the purpose of illustrating the advantages of the particular wickmg layers of the present invention
- the top acquisition layer comprises 35 gsm of polyester staple fiber (15 dpf x 6 mm, Grade 376X2, Wellman, Inc , Tohnsonville, SC) and about 6 gsm of latex bindei (An flex 192, An Products and Chemicals, Allentown PA)
- the middle layei comp ⁇ ses 60 gsm of HPF fiber (a mercerized Southern softwood fibei a ailable fi om Buckeye Technologies, Memphis, TN) and about 7 gsm bicomponent bindei fibei (Giade AL-Adhesion-C, 1 7 dtex x 4 mm, FiberVisions, Covmgton.
- the bottom wickmg layers for Examples L through W weie made using a laboiatory airlaid handsheet apparatus
- the fu st effect was the type of cellulosic fiber used m the wickmg layei
- the wickmg layers contained about 10% bicomponent binder fiber by weight (Grade AL- Adhesion-C, 1 7 dtex x 4 mm, FiberVisions, Covmgton, GA)
- the second effect examined was the basis weight of the wickmg layer, which was fixed at either 50 or 80 gsm of cellulosic Unicore structures were assembled in the laboratory
- the structures in Examples L thiough W were densified to an overall, apparent density target of 0 085 g/cc Twelve structures were made (six pulps at two basis weights) Testing was perfo ⁇ ned in t ⁇ phcate using the methods described in detail in the 4/4/00 disclosure
- Table 1 shows test data for Examples L through W Figure 1 is a graph of lewet data for these examples.
- Rew et results for both basis weights, 50 gsm and 80 gsm. are plotted in Figure 1
- the hardwood pulps generally provide foi lower rewet compared to the softvv ood pulp
- Figure 8 is a plot of bottom stam size data for these examples
- theie is some scatter in the data
- the bottom stam size for the softwood pulp is generally shorter than the bottom stain size for the hardwood pulps
- the hard ood pulps are more successful at vv lcking the fluid away from the insult site.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT01903417T ATE282388T1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | ABSORBENT ARTICLE WITH IMPROVED VERTICAL WICKING AND REMOISTURE PROPERTIES |
CA2397938A CA2397938C (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability |
DE60107215T DE60107215T2 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | ABSORBENT ARTICLE WITH IMPROVED VERTICAL WICK AND REFRACTORY CHARACTERISTICS |
AU2001231233A AU2001231233A1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability |
KR1020027009472A KR20020080386A (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability |
JP2001555621A JP5230048B2 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewetting capabilities |
EP01903417A EP1263374B1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US49553000A | 2000-01-31 | 2000-01-31 | |
US09/495,530 | 2000-01-31 | ||
US21109100P | 2000-06-12 | 2000-06-12 | |
US60/211,091 | 2000-06-12 |
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WO2001054641A1 true WO2001054641A1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
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PCT/US2001/002971 WO2001054641A1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-01-30 | Absorbent products with improved vertical wicking and rewet capability |
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EP (1) | EP1263374B1 (en) |
JP (3) | JP5230048B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020080386A (en) |
AR (1) | AR032143A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE282388T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001231233A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2397938C (en) |
CO (1) | CO5200787A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60107215T2 (en) |
PE (1) | PE20011036A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW584554B (en) |
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JP2003093441A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-02 | Kao Corp | Absorbent article |
JP2003093442A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-02 | Kao Corp | Absorbent article |
JP4716629B2 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2011-07-06 | 花王株式会社 | Absorbent articles |
JP4731073B2 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2011-07-20 | 花王株式会社 | Absorbent articles |
JP2003199769A (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-07-15 | Medical Concepts Development Inc | Minimally light reflective surgical drape |
JP4511781B2 (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2010-07-28 | メディカル コンセプツ ディベロップメント,インコーポレイティド | Surgical drape with minimal light reflection |
US6808485B2 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2004-10-26 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Compressible resilient incontinence insert |
US7794839B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2010-09-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Coated water-swellable material comprising hydrogel forming polymers |
US7947865B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2011-05-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent structure comprising water-swellable material |
US8137746B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2012-03-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making water-swellable material comprising coated water-swellable polymers |
US7847144B2 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2010-12-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent articles comprising fluid acquisition zones with superabsorbent polymers |
US8287999B2 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2012-10-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent structure with improved water-absorbing material comprising polyurethane, coalescing aid and antioxidant |
US10166147B2 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2019-01-01 | Bsn Medical Gmbh | Absorbent article for application to human or animal skin surfaces |
US10327955B2 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2019-06-25 | Bsn Medical Gmbh | Absorbent article for application to human or animal skin surfaces |
EP2359784B1 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2017-09-27 | BSN medical GmbH | Absorption body for attachment to human or animal skin surfaces |
EP1942851B1 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2016-11-23 | BSN medical GmbH | Absorptive element to be mounted on human or animal skin surfaces |
EP1873292A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | Marco Maranghi | Multicomposite variable-density multilayer non-woven fabric and method for manufacturing it |
CN103429207A (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2013-12-04 | 宝洁公司 | Acquisition system for absorbent article comprising fluid permeable structured fibrous web |
WO2012125281A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Acquisition system for an absorbent article comprising a fluid permeable structured fibrous web |
CN109044632A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 北京倍舒特妇幼用品有限公司 | Core, manufacturing method and the guide groove prefabricated molds wheel quickly absorbed for hygienic articles |
CN110614083A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-27 | 长安大学 | Polyethyleneimine modified sawdust heavy metal adsorbent and preparation method thereof |
SE2050974A1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-25 | Stora Enso Oyj | Air-laid blank |
WO2022043779A1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-03 | Stora Enso Oyj | An air-laid blank, a method of producing an air-laid blank and a method of producing a three dimensional product from said air-laid blank |
SE546124C2 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2024-05-28 | Stora Enso Oyj | Air-laid blank and a method of producing a three-dimensional shaped product from said air-laid blank |
WO2022129635A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-23 | Drylock Technologies Nv | Absorbent article with resilient bottom layer |
NL2028199B1 (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-29 | Drylock Tech Nv | Absorbent article with resilient bottom layer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60107215D1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
CA2397938C (en) | 2010-08-17 |
EP1263374B1 (en) | 2004-11-17 |
KR20020080386A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
PE20011036A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 |
JP5230048B2 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
CA2397938A1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
AR032143A1 (en) | 2003-10-29 |
EP1263374A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
JP2003521318A (en) | 2003-07-15 |
TW584554B (en) | 2004-04-21 |
CO5200787A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 |
ATE282388T1 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
JP2013046817A (en) | 2013-03-07 |
JP2012040403A (en) | 2012-03-01 |
DE60107215T2 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
AU2001231233A1 (en) | 2001-08-07 |
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