WO2001048165A1 - A new polypeptide-aldehyde-ketone reductase 9 and the polynucleotide encoding it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a new polypeptide- aldehyde-ketone reductase 9, the polynucleotide encoding it and a method producing the polypeptide by recombinant DNA technology. The present invention further discloses a method using the polypeptide to treat various disorders, e.g. malignant neoplasm, hematopathy, HIV infection and immunological disease and various inflammation etc.. The present invention also discloses an agonist of the polypeptide and its therapeutic use. The present invention further discloses the use of the polynucleotide encoding the new aldehyde-ketone reductase 9.

Description

 A new polypeptide, aldehyde / ketone reductase 9, and a polynucleotide encoding such a polypeptide

 The present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. Specifically, the present invention describes a novel polypeptide, aldehyde / ketone reductase 9, and a polynucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide. The invention also relates to methods and applications for preparing such polynucleotides and polypeptides.

technical background

 The aldehyde / ketone reductase family includes many oxidoreductases and other proteins whose structure and function depend on NADPH. These enzymes can be involved in the catalytic reduction of a wide range of carboxyl compounds, such as sugars, glucuronic acid, alcohol hormones, and some heterologous substances of aldehydes and ketones.

 Members of the aldehyde / ketone reductase family usually consist of approximately 300 amino acid residues. There are three conserved sequences, the first of which is located at the N-terminus, and the sequence is G- (FY) -R- (HSAL)-(LIVMF) -D- (STAGC)-(AS) -X (5) -EXG; Two are located in the middle, the sequence is (LIVFMY)-X (9)-(KREQ)-X- (LIVM)-G- (LIVM)-(SC) (FY) (morphine-6-dehydrogenase does not have this structure) The third one is at the C-terminal and the sequence is (LIVM) — (PAIV)-(R)-(ST) -X (4) -RX (2) — (GSTAEQ)-(NSL) -X (2)-( LIVMFA) (E. coli assumes that the protein yafB does not have this structure); K is an active site residue, and 5-phosphate-formaldehyde can affect the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme by chemically modifying Lys.

 Secondary structure analysis revealed that these proteins all had β8 / α8 barrel structures. Due to some optional intervention, this barrel structure is not completely symmetrical.

 The aldehyde / ketone reductase family consists of proteins with similar enzyme functions and structures. The conserved sequences of these proteins show their relevance during evolution. These similarities can be used to explain the non-specificity and unpredictability of enzyme substrates, and to prove why aldose reductase inhibitors are ineffective and have side effects in the treatment of diabetic complications.

 Since the aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 protein plays an important role in important functions of the body as described above, and it is believed that a large number of proteins are involved in these regulatory processes, there has been a need in the art to identify more aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 involved in these processes. Protein, especially the amino acid sequence of this protein. The isolation of the new aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 protein encoding gene also provides the basis for research to determine the role of this protein in health and disease states. This protein may form the basis for the development of diagnostic and / or therapeutic drugs for the disease, so isolation of its coding DNA is very important.

Object of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide an isolated novel polypeptide-ketone / ketoreductase 9 and fragments, analogs and derivatives thereof. Another object of the invention is to provide a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant vector containing a polynucleotide encoding an aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. It is another object of the present invention to provide a genetically engineered host cell containing a polynucleotide encoding an aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing aldehyde / ketone reductase 9.

 It is another object of the present invention to provide an antibody against the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the polypeptide of the present invention. Another object of the present invention is to provide mimetic compounds, antagonists, agonists, and inhibitors directed to the polypeptide of the present invention, aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for diagnosing and treating diseases related to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 abnormalities.

Summary of invention

 The present invention relates to an isolated polypeptide, which is of human origin and comprises: a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2, or a conservative variant, biologically active fragment or derivative thereof. Preferably, the polypeptide is a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.

 The invention also relates to an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of

,Variants:

 (a) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 2;

 (b) a polynucleotide complementary to polynucleotide (a);

 (c) A polynucleotide having at least 70% identity to a polynucleotide sequence of (a) or (b).

 More preferably, the sequence of the polynucleotide is one selected from the group consisting of: (a) a sequence having positions 686-934 in SEQ ID NO: 1; and (b) a sequence having 1-271 in SEQ ID NO: 1 7-bit sequence.

 The invention further relates to a vector, in particular an expression vector, containing the polynucleotide of the invention; a host cell genetically engineered with the vector, including a transformed, transduced or transfected host cell; and a method comprising culturing said Host cell and method of preparing the polypeptide of the present invention by recovering the expression product.

 The invention also relates to an antibody capable of specifically binding to a polypeptide of the invention.

 The invention also relates to a method for screening compounds that mimic, activate, antagonize or inhibit the activity of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 protein, which comprises utilizing the polypeptide of the invention. The invention also relates to compounds obtained by this method.

 The present invention also relates to a method for detecting a disease or susceptibility to disease associated with abnormal expression of an aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 protein in vitro, comprising detecting a mutation in the polypeptide or a polynucleotide sequence encoding the same in a biological sample, or detecting a biological The amount or biological activity of a polypeptide of the invention in a sample.

The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a polypeptide of the invention or a mimetic thereof, an activator, an antagonist or an inhibitor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention also relates to the use of the polypeptide and / or polynucleotide of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for treating cancer, developmental disease or immune disease or other diseases caused by abnormal expression of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 Other aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the techniques herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

 The following drawings are used to illustrate specific embodiments of the invention, but not to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

 Fig. 1 is a comparison diagram of amino acid sequence homology of a total of 60 amino acids and domain aldehyde / ketoreductase family proteins of the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the present invention at 21-80. The upper sequence is the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 and the lower sequence is the aldehyde / ketoreductase family protein domain. Ί "and": "" and "." Indicate that the probability of the same amino acid decreasing between the two sequences decreases in sequence.

 Figure 2 shows the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the isolated aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. 9KDa is the molecular weight of the protein. The arrow indicates the isolated protein band.

Summary of the Invention

 The following terms used in this specification and claims have the following meanings unless specifically stated: "Nucleic acid sequence" refers to an oligonucleotide, a nucleotide or a polynucleotide and a fragment or part thereof, and may also refer to a genomic or synthetic DNA or RNA, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, representing the sense or antisense strand. Similarly, the term "amino acid sequence" refers to an oligopeptide, peptide, polypeptide or protein sequence and fragments or portions thereof. When the "amino acid sequence" in the present invention relates to the amino acid sequence of a naturally occurring protein molecule, such "polypeptide" or "protein" does not mean to limit the amino acid sequence to a complete natural amino acid related to the protein molecule .

 A protein or polynucleotide "variant" refers to an amino acid sequence having one or more amino acids or nucleotide changes or a polynucleotide sequence encoding it. The changes may include deletions, insertions or substitutions of amino acids or nucleotides in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence. Variants can have "conservative" changes in which the substituted amino acid has a structural or chemical property similar to the original amino acid, such as the replacement of isoleucine with leucine. Variants can also have non-conservative changes, such as replacing glycine with tryptophan.

 "Deletion" refers to the deletion of one or more amino acids or nucleotides in an amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence.

 "Insertion" or "addition" means that a change in the amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence results in an increase in one or more amino acids or nucleotides compared to a molecule that exists in nature. "Replacement" refers to the replacement of one or more amino acids or nucleotides with different amino acids or nucleotides.

"Biological activity" refers to a protein that has the structure, regulation, or biochemical function of a natural molecule. Class Similarly, the term "immunologically active" refers to the ability of natural, recombinant, or synthetic proteins and fragments thereof to induce a specific immune response and to bind specific antibodies in a suitable animal or cell. ·

 An "agonist" refers to a molecule that, when combined with aldehyde / ketoreductase 9, causes a change in the protein to regulate the activity of the protein. An agonist may include a protein, a nucleic acid, a carbohydrate, or any other molecule that can bind an aldehyde / ketone reductase 9.

 An "antagonist" or "inhibitor" refers to a molecule that, when combined with aldehyde / ketoreductase 9, can block or regulate the biological or immunological activity of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. Antagonists and inhibitors may include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or any other molecule that can bind to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 "Regulation" refers to a change in the function of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9, including an increase or decrease in protein activity, a change in binding characteristics, and any other biological, functional, or immune properties of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 "Substantially pure" means substantially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars or other substances with which it is naturally associated. Those skilled in the art can purify aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 using standard protein purification techniques. Essentially pure aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 produces a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. The purity of the aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 polypeptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence.

 "Complementary" or "complementary" refers to the natural binding of polynucleotides by base-pairing under conditions of acceptable salt concentration and temperature. For example, the sequence "C-T-G-A" can be combined with the complementary sequence "G-A-C-T". The complementarity between two single-stranded molecules can be partial or complete. The degree of complementarity between nucleic acid strands has a significant effect on the efficiency and strength of hybridization between nucleic acid strands.

 "Homology" refers to the degree of complementarity and can be partially homologous or completely homologous. "Partial homology" refers to a partially complementary sequence that at least partially inhibits hybridization of a fully complementary sequence to a target nucleic acid. This inhibition of hybridization can be detected by performing hybridization (Southern blotting or Nor thern blotting, etc.) under conditions of reduced stringency. Substantially homologous sequences or hybridization probes can compete and inhibit the binding of completely homologous sequences to the target sequence under conditions of reduced stringency. This does not mean that the conditions of reduced stringency allow non-specific binding, because the conditions of reduced stringency require that the two sequences bind to each other as a specific or selective interaction.

"Percent identity" refers to the percentage of sequences that are identical or similar in the comparison of two or more amino acid or nucleic acid sequences. The percent identity can be determined electronically, such as by the MEGALIGN program (Lasergene sof tware package, DNASTAR, Inc., Mad Son Wis.). The MEGALIGN program can compare two or more sequences according to different methods such as the Cluster method (Hi gg ins, DG and PM Sharp (1988) Gene 73: 237-244). The C l uster method arranges each group of sequences into clusters by checking the distance between all pairs. The clusters are then assigned in pairs or groups. The percent identity between two amino acid sequences such as sequence A and sequence B is calculated by the following formula: Number of residues that match between sequences

 Number of residues in sequence ^-Number of spaced residues in sequence-Number of spaced residues in sequence ^ X

The percent identity between nucleic acid sequences can also be determined by the Cluster method or by methods well known in the art, such as Jotun He in (He in J., (1990) Methods in enzyrao logy 183: 625-645). ₀

"Similarity" refers to the degree of identical or conservative substitutions of amino acid residues at corresponding positions in the alignment of amino acid sequences. Amino acids used for conservative substitution, for example, negatively charged amino acids may include aspartic acid and glutamic acid; positively charged amino acids may include lysine and arginine; having an uncharged head group is Similar hydrophilic amino acids may include leucine, isoleucine and valine; glycine and alanine; asparagine and glutamine; serine and threonine; phenylalanine and tyrosine.

 "Antisense" refers to a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to a particular DNA or RNA sequence. The "antisense strand" refers to a nucleic acid strand that is complementary to the "sense strand".

 "Derivative" refers to HFP or a chemical modification of its nucleic acid. This chemical modification may be the replacement of a hydrogen atom with an alkyl, acyl or amino group. Nucleic acid derivatives can encode polypeptides that retain the main biological properties of natural molecules.

"Antibody" refers to a complete antibody molecule and its fragments, such as Fa,? (^ ') ₂ and? ^ It can specifically bind to the epitope of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 A "humanized antibody" refers to an antibody in which the amino acid sequence of a non-antigen binding region is replaced to become more similar to a human antibody, but still retains the original binding activity.

 The term "isolated" refers to the removal of matter from its original environment (for example, its natural environment if it is naturally occurring). For example, a naturally occurring polynucleotide or polypeptide is not isolated when it is present in a living animal, but the same polynucleotide or polypeptide is separated from some or all of the substances that coexist in the natural system. Such a polynucleotide may be part of a vector, or such a polynucleotide or polypeptide may be part of a composition. Since the carrier or composition is not part of its natural environment, they are still isolated.

 As used herein, "isolated" refers to the separation of a substance from its original environment (if it is a natural substance, the original environment is the natural environment). For example, polynucleotides and polypeptides in a natural state in a living cell are not isolated and purified, but the same polynucleotides or polypeptides are separated and purified if they are separated from other substances existing in the natural state. .

As used herein, "isolated aldehyde / ketoreductase 9" means that aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 is substantially free of other proteins, lipids, sugars, or other substances with which it is naturally associated. Those skilled in the art can purify aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 using standard protein purification techniques. Substantially pure polypeptides can produce a single main band on a non-reducing polyacrylamide gel. The purity of the aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 polypeptide can be analyzed by amino acid sequence. The present invention provides a new polypeptide, aldehyde / ketone reductase 9, which basically consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. The polypeptide of the present invention may be a recombinant polypeptide, a natural polypeptide, or a synthetic polypeptide, and preferably a recombinant polypeptide. The polypeptides of the present invention can be naturally purified products or chemically synthesized products, or can be produced from prokaryotic or eukaryotic hosts (eg, bacteria, yeast, higher plants, insects, and mammalian cells) using recombinant techniques. Depending on the host used in the recombinant production protocol, the polypeptide of the invention may be glycosylated, or it may be non-glycosylated. Polypeptides of the invention may also include or exclude starting methionine residues.

 The invention also includes fragments, derivatives and analogs of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. As used herein, the terms "fragment", "derivative" and "analog" refer to a polypeptide that substantially maintains the same biological function or activity of the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the invention. A fragment, derivative or analog of the polypeptide of the present invention may be: (I) a kind in which one or more amino acid residues are replaced with conservative or non-conservative amino acid residues (preferably conservative amino acid residues), and the substitution The amino acid may or may not be encoded by a genetic codon; or (Π) a type in which a group on one or more amino acid residues is replaced by another group to include a substituent; or (Π Ι) Such a polypeptide sequence in which the mature polypeptide is fused with another compound (such as a compound that prolongs the half-life of the polypeptide, such as polyethylene glycol); or (IV) a polypeptide sequence in which an additional amino acid sequence is fused into the mature polypeptide (Such as the leader sequence or secretory sequence or the sequence used to purify this polypeptide or protease sequence). As set forth herein, such fragments, derivatives and analogs are considered to be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

 The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid (polynucleotide), which basically consists of a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. The polynucleotide sequence of the present invention includes a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. The polynucleotide of the present invention is found from a cDNA library of human fetal brain tissue. It contains a total nucleotide sequence of 2717 bases, and its open reading frame of 686-934 encodes 82 amino acids. This polypeptide has the characteristic sequence of aldehyde / ketoreductase family proteins, and it can be deduced that the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 family has the structure and function represented by the aldehyde / ketoreductase family proteins.

 The polynucleotide of the present invention may be in the form of DNA or RM. DNA forms include cDNA, genomic DNA, or synthetic DNA. DNA can be single-stranded or double-stranded. DNA can be coding or non-coding. The coding region sequence encoding a mature polypeptide may be the same as the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a degenerate variant. As used herein, a "degenerate variant" refers to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a protein or polypeptide having SEQ ID NO: 2 but different from the coding region sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the present invention.

The polynucleotide encoding the mature polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 includes: only the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide and various additional coding sequences; the coding sequence of the mature polypeptide (and optional additional coding sequences); Coding sequence. The term "polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide" is meant to include polynucleotides that encode such polypeptides and polynucleotides that include additional coding and / or noncoding sequences.

 The invention also relates to variants of the polynucleotides described above, which encode polypeptides or fragments, analogs and derivatives of polypeptides having the same amino acid sequence as the invention. This polynucleotide variant can be a naturally occurring allelic variant or a non-naturally occurring variant. These nucleotide variants include substitution variants, deletion variants, and insertion variants. As known in the art, an allelic variant is an alternative form of a polynucleotide that may be a substitution, deletion, or insertion of one or more nucleotides, but does not substantially change the function of the polypeptide it encodes .

 The invention also relates to a polynucleotide that hybridizes to the sequence described above (having at least 50%, preferably 70% identity between the two sequences). The present invention particularly relates to polynucleotides that can hybridize to the polynucleotides of the present invention under stringent conditions. In the present invention, "strict conditions" means: (1) hybridization and elution at lower ionic strength and higher temperature, such as 0.2xSSC, 0.1 ° /. SDS, 6 (TC; or (2) adding denaturants during hybridization, such as 50% (v / v) formamide, 0.1% calf serum / 0.1% Ficoll, 42 ° C, etc .; or (3) only Hybridization occurs when the identity between the two sequences is at least 95%, and more preferably 97%. Furthermore, the polypeptide encoded by the hybridizable polynucleotide is identical to the mature polypeptide shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 . Biological function and activity.

 The invention also relates to nucleic acid fragments that hybridize to the sequences described above. As used in the present invention, a "nucleic acid fragment" contains at least 10 nucleotides in length, preferably at least 20-30 nucleotides, more preferably at least 50-60 nucleotides, and most preferably at least 100 nuclei. Glycylic acid or more. Nucleic acid fragments can also be used in nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as PCR, to identify and / or isolate polynucleotides encoding aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 The polypeptides and polynucleotides in the present invention are preferably provided in an isolated form and are more preferably purified to homogeneity. The specific polynucleotide sequence encoding the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the present invention can be obtained by various methods. For example, polynucleotides are isolated using hybridization techniques well known in the art. These techniques include, but are not limited to: 1) hybridization of probes to genomic or cDNA libraries to detect homologous polynucleotide sequences, and 2) antibody screening of expression libraries to detect cloned polynucleosides with common structural characteristics Acid fragments.

 The DNA fragment sequence of the present invention can also be obtained by the following methods: 1) isolating the double-stranded DNA sequence from the genomic DNA; 2) chemically synthesizing the DNA sequence to obtain the double-stranded DNA of the polypeptide.

Of the methods mentioned above, genomic DNA isolation is the least commonly used. Direct chemical synthesis of DNA sequences is often the method of choice. The more commonly used method is the isolation of cDNA sequences. The standard method for isolating the cDNA of interest is to isolate mRNA from donor cells that overexpress the gene and perform reverse transcription to form a plasmid or phage cDNA library. There are many mature techniques for extracting mRNA, and kits are also commercially available (Qiagene). The construction of cDNA libraries is also a common method (Sambrook, et al., Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989). Commercially available cDNA libraries are also available, such as different cDNA libraries from Clontech. When polymerase reaction technology is used in combination, even very small expression products can be cloned.

 The genes of the present invention can be selected from these cDNA libraries by conventional methods. These methods include (but are not limited to): (l) DNA-DNA or DNA-RNA hybridization; (2) the presence or absence of marker gene functions; (3) determining the level of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 transcripts; (4) ) Detection of protein products expressed by genes through immunological techniques or determination of biological activity. The above methods can be used singly or in combination.

 In the method (1), the probe used for hybridization is homologous to any part of the polynucleotide of the present invention, and its length is at least 10 nucleotides, preferably at least 30 nucleotides, more preferably At least 50 nucleotides, preferably at least 100 nucleotides. In addition, the length of the probe is usually within 2000 nucleotides, preferably within 1000 nucleotides. The probe used here is usually a DNA sequence chemically synthesized based on the gene sequence information of the present invention. The genes or fragments of the present invention can of course be used as probes. DNA probes can be labeled with radioisotopes, luciferin, or enzymes (such as alkaline phosphatase).

 In the (4) method, immunological techniques such as Western blotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be used to detect protein products expressed by the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 gene.

 A method using PCR technology to amplify DNA / RNA (Saiki, et al. Science 1985; 230: 1350-1354) is preferably used to obtain the gene of the present invention. In particular, when it is difficult to obtain a full-length cDNA from a library, the RACE method (RACE-Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) can be preferably used, and the primers for PCR can be appropriately based on the polynucleotide sequence information of the present invention disclosed herein Select and synthesize using conventional methods. The amplified DNA / RNA fragments can be isolated and purified by conventional methods such as by gel electrophoresis.

 The polynucleotide sequence of the gene of the present invention or various DNA fragments and the like obtained as described above can be measured by a conventional method such as dideoxy chain termination method (Sanger et al. PNAS, 1977, 74: 5463-5467). Such polynucleotide sequences can also be determined using commercial sequencing kits and the like. In order to obtain the full-length cDNA sequence, sequencing needs to be repeated. Sometimes it is necessary to determine the cDNA sequence of multiple clones in order to splice into a full-length cDNA sequence.

 The present invention also relates to a vector comprising a polynucleotide of the present invention, and a host cell that is genetically engineered using the vector of the present invention or directly using an aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 coding sequence, and a recombinant technology for producing a polypeptide of the present invention. method.

In the present invention, a polynucleotide sequence encoding an aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 may be inserted into a vector to constitute a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the present invention. The term "vector" refers to bacterial plasmids, phages, yeast plasmids, plant cell viruses, mammalian cell viruses such as adenoviruses, retroviruses, or other vectors well known in the art. Vectors suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to: T7 promoter-based expression vectors (Rosenberg, et al. Gene, 1987, 56: 125) expressed in bacteria; in mammalian cells PMSXND expressed in cells (Lee and Nathans, J Bio Chem. 263: 3521, 1988) and baculovirus-derived vectors expressed in insect cells. In short, as long as it can be replicated and stabilized in a host, any plasmid and vector can be used to construct a recombinant expression vector. An important feature of expression vectors is that they usually contain an origin of replication, a promoter, a marker gene, and translational regulatory elements.

 Methods known to those skilled in the art can be used to construct expression vectors containing a DNA sequence encoding aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 and appropriate transcriptional / translational regulatory elements. These methods include in vitro recombinant DNA technology, DNA synthesis technology, and in vivo recombination technology (Sambroook, et al. Molecular Cloning, a Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. New York, 1989). The DNA sequence can be operably linked to an appropriate promoter in an expression vector to guide mRNA synthesis. Representative examples of these promoters are: the lac or trp promoter of E. coli; the PL promoter of lambda phage; eukaryotic promoters include the CMV immediate early promoter, the HSV thymidine kinase promoter, the early and late SV40 promoters, Retroviral LTRs and other known promoters that control the expression of genes in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells or their viruses. The expression vector also includes a ribosome binding site for translation initiation, a transcription terminator, and the like. Insertion of enhancer sequences into the vector will enhance its transcription in higher eukaryotic cells. Enhancers are cis-acting factors for DNA expression, usually about 10 to 300 base pairs, which act on promoters to enhance gene transcription. Illustrative examples include SV40 enhancers of 100 to 270 base pairs on the late side of the origin of replication, polyoma enhancers and adenovirus enhancers on the late side of the origin of replication.

 In addition, the expression vector preferably contains one or more selectable marker genes to provide phenotypic traits for selection of transformed host cells, such as dihydrofolate reductase, neomycin resistance, and green for eukaryotic cell culture. Fluorescent protein (GFP), or tetracycline or ampicillin resistance for E. coli.

 Those of ordinary skill in the art will know how to select appropriate vector / transcription control elements (such as promoters, enhancers, etc.) and selectable marker genes.

 In the present invention, a polynucleotide encoding an aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 or a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide can be transformed or transduced into a host cell to constitute a genetically engineered host cell containing the polynucleotide or the recombinant vector. The term "host cell" refers to a prokaryotic cell, such as a bacterial cell; or a lower eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell; or a higher eukaryotic cell, such as a mammalian cell. Representative examples are: E. coli, Streptomyces; bacterial cells such as Salmonella typhimurium; fungal cells such as yeast; plant cells; insect cells such as Fly S2 or Sf9; animal cells such as CH0, COS or Bowes melanoma cells.

Transformation of a host cell with a DNA sequence described in the present invention or a recombinant vector containing the DNA sequence can be performed using conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art. When the host is a prokaryote such as E. coli, competent cells capable of absorbing DM can be harvested after the exponential growth phase and treated with the CaCl ₂ method. It is well known in the art. Alternatively, MgCl ₂ is used. If necessary, transformation can also be performed by electroporation. When the host is a eukaryotic organism, the following DNA transfection methods can be used: calcium phosphate co-precipitation method, or conventional mechanical methods such as microinjection, electroporation, and liposome packaging.

 Using conventional recombinant DNA technology, the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention can be used to express or produce recombinant aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 (Scence, 1984; 224: 1431). Generally there are the following steps:

(1) using the polynucleotide (or variant) encoding human aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the present invention, or transforming or transducing a suitable host cell with a recombinant expression vector containing the polynucleotide;

 (2) culturing host cells in a suitable medium;

 (3) Isolate and purify protein from culture medium or cells.

 In step (2), depending on the host cell used, the medium used in the culture may be selected from various conventional mediums. Culture is performed under conditions suitable for host cell growth. After the host cells have grown to an appropriate cell density, the selected promoter is induced by a suitable method (such as temperature conversion or chemical induction), and the cells are cultured for a period of time.

 In step (3), the recombinant polypeptide may be coated in a cell, expressed on a cell membrane, or secreted outside the cell. If necessary, the recombinant protein can be isolated and purified by various separation methods using its physical, chemical and other properties. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. These methods include, but are not limited to: conventional renaturation treatment, protein precipitant treatment (salting out method), centrifugation, osmotic disruption, ultrasonic treatment, ultracentrifugation, molecular sieve chromatography (gel filtration), adsorption chromatography, ion Exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and various other liquid chromatography techniques and combinations of these methods.

 The polypeptides of the present invention, as well as the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptides, can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, they can be used to treat malignant tumors, adrenal deficiency, skin diseases, various types of inflammation, HIV infection, and immunological diseases.

 The aldehyde / ketone reductase family includes many scabs, oxidoreductases that depend on NADPH and other proteins. The aldehyde / ketoreductase family contains a specific aldehyde / ketoreductase family, Mot i f. These enzymes can participate in the catalytic reduction of a wide range of carboxyl compounds, such as sugars, glucuronic acid, alcohol hormones, and some heterologous substances of aldehydes and ketones. They play an important role in material metabolism and conversion and energy metabolism. The aldehyde / ketoreductase-specific mot if f polypeptide of the present invention has the above functions.

 It can be seen that the abnormal expression of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 of the present invention will produce various diseases, especially metabolic disorders related to material and energy metabolism, disorders of growth and development, and disorders of lipid metabolism. These diseases include But not limited to:

Organic acidemia: isovalerate, propionate, methylmalonic aciduria, combined carboxylase deficiency, glutarate type I Diabetes-related diseases: diabetic ketoacidosis, hypertonic non-ketosis, diabetic coma, amino acid metabolism defects: phenylketonuria, tyrosine metabolism defects such as albinism, sulfur amino acid metabolism defects, tryptophan metabolism defects Diseases such as tryptophanemia, branched amino acid metabolism deficiency diseases, glycine metabolism deficiency diseases such as glycineemia, hypersarcosinemia, proline and hydroxyproline metabolism deficiency diseases, glutamate metabolism deficiency diseases, urea cycle Metabolic Defects, Histidine Metabolic Defects, Lysine Metabolic Defects, and Other Amino Acid Metabolic Defects.

 Mucopolysaccharidosis and other marginal diseases: Mucopolysaccharidosis I ~ νπ, mucopolysaccharidosis borderline diseases such as rheumatoid mucopolysaccharidosis, mucolipid storage disease.

 Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism Defects: Abnormal purine metabolisms such as Ray-niney syndrome, xanthineuria, and abnormal pyrimidine metabolisms such as orotic aciduria and adenosine deaminase deficiency.

 Abnormal lipid metabolism: hyperlipoproteinemia, familial hyperalpha-lipoproteinemia, familial non-beta-lipoproteinemia, familial hypo-beta-lipoproteinemia, familial lecithin-cholesterol acetyltransferase Deficiency.

 Glucose Metabolism Diseases: Congenital sugar digestion and absorption defects such as congenital lactose intolerance, hereditary fructose intolerance, monosaccharide metabolism defects such as galactosemia, fructose metabolism defects, glycogen metabolism diseases such as glycogen Storage disease.

 Growth and development disorders: mental retardation, cerebral palsy, brain development disorders, familial cerebral nucleus dysplasia syndrome, skin, fat and muscular dysplasia such as congenital skin sagging, premature senile, congenital Poor keratinization, various metabolic defects such as various amino acid metabolic defects, stunting, dwarfism, sexual retardation

 Disorders of lipid metabolism. These diseases include, but are not limited to:

 1. Fatty deposition disease: fatty liver, steatosis cardiomyopathy, steatosis nephropathy

 2. Cardiovascular diseases: coronary atherosclerotic heart disease such as occult heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, dying coronary heart disease, hypertension

 3. Sterol derivatives [such as bile acids, sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone)] metabolic disorders: (1) bile acid disorders such as biliary cirrhosis, cholelithiasis ( 2) Sexual developmental disorders in the growth and development stages: precocious puberty, delayed sexual development, sexual differentiation disorders, other defects in external genital development (3) endocrine and metabolic syndromes: hyperadrenocortical diseases such as Cushing syndrome, hyperaldosteronism, Adrenal insufficiency diseases such as acute adrenal insufficiency and chronic adrenal insufficiency

 4. Tumors: lipoma, lipoblastoma, liposarcoma, breast cancer

The abnormal expression of the aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 of the present invention will also generate certain tumors, certain hereditary, hematological diseases, and immune system diseases. The polypeptide of the present invention and the antagonists, agonists and inhibitors of the polypeptide can be directly used in the treatment of diseases, for example, it can treat various diseases, especially metabolic disorders related to material and energy metabolism, growth disorders, lipids. Metabolic disorders, some tumors, some hereditary, hematological and immune system diseases.

 The invention also provides methods for screening compounds to identify agents that increase (agonist) or suppress (antagonist) aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. Agonists increase biological functions such as aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 to stimulate cell proliferation, while antagonists prevent and treat disorders related to excessive cell proliferation, such as various cancers. For example, mammalian cells or membrane preparations expressing aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be cultured with labeled aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 in the presence of a drug. The ability of the drug to increase or block this interaction is then determined.

 Antagonists of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 include antibodies, compounds, receptor deletions, and the like that have been screened. Antagonists of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can bind to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 and eliminate its function, or inhibit the production of the polypeptide, or bind to the active site of the polypeptide so that the polypeptide cannot perform biological functions.

 When screening compounds as antagonists, aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be added to the bioanalytical assay to determine whether the compound is an antagonist by measuring the effect of the compound on the interaction between aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 and its receptor. . Receptor deletions and analogs that act as antagonists can be screened in the same manner as described above for screening compounds. Polypeptide molecules capable of binding to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be obtained by screening a random peptide library composed of various possible combinations of amino acids bound to a solid phase. When screening, the aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 molecule should generally be labeled.

 The present invention provides a method for producing antibodies using polypeptides, and fragments, derivatives, analogs or cells thereof as antigens. These antibodies can be polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. The invention also provides antibodies directed against the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 epitope. These antibodies include (but are not limited to): polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antibodies, single-chain antibodies, Fab fragments, and fragments generated from Fab expression libraries.

Polyclonal antibodies can be produced by injecting aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 directly into immunized animals (such as rabbits, mice, rats, etc.). A variety of adjuvants can be used to enhance the immune response, including but not limited to Freund's adjuvant. Wait. Techniques for preparing aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 monoclonal antibodies include, but are not limited to, hybridoma technology (Koh ler and Milstei n. Nature, 1975, 256: 495-497), triple tumor technology, human beta-cell hybridoma Technology, EBV-hybridoma technology, etc. The chimeric antibody variable region and a human constant region of non-human origin in combination produce the available prior art (Mor ri son etal, PNAS, 1985, 81: 6851) 0 only some technical production of single chain antibodies (US Pa t No. 4946778) can also be used to produce single chain antibodies against aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

Anti-aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 antibodies can be used in immunohistochemistry to detect Aldehyde / ketone reductase 9.

 Binding to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 Monoclonal antibodies can also be labeled with radioisotopes and injected into the body to track their location and distribution. This radiolabeled antibody can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic method to locate tumor cells and determine whether there is metastasis.

 Antibodies can also be used to design immunotoxins that target a particular part of the body. For example, aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 high affinity monoclonal antibodies can covalently bind to bacterial or phytotoxins (such as diphtheria toxin, ricin, ormosine, etc.). A common method is to attack the amino group of an antibody with a sulfhydryl crosslinker such as SPDP and bind the toxin to the antibody through the exchange of disulfide bonds. This hybrid antibody can be used to kill aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 positive cells .

 The antibodies of the present invention can be used to treat or prevent diseases related to aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. Administration of an appropriate dose of antibody can stimulate or block the production or activity of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 The invention also relates to a diagnostic test method for quantitative and localized detection of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 levels. These tests are well known in the art and include F I SH assays and radioimmunoassays. The levels of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 detected in the test can be used to explain the importance of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 in various diseases and to diagnose diseases in which aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 plays a role.

 The polypeptide of the present invention can also be used for peptide mapping analysis. For example, the polypeptide can be specifically cleaved by physical, chemical or enzymatic analysis, and subjected to one-dimensional or two-dimensional or three-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis, and more preferably mass spectrometry analysis.

 Polynucleotides encoding aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 can also be used for a variety of therapeutic purposes. Gene therapy technology can be used to treat abnormal cell proliferation, development, or metabolism caused by non- or abnormal / inactive expression of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. Recombinant gene therapy vectors (such as viral vectors) can be designed to express mutated aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 to inhibit endogenous aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 activity. For example, a variant aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 may be a shortened aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 lacking a signaling domain, and although it can bind to a downstream substrate, it lacks signaling activity. Therefore, recombinant gene therapy vectors can be used to treat diseases caused by abnormal expression or activity of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. Virus-derived expression vectors such as retrovirus, adenovirus, adenovirus-associated virus, herpes simplex virus, parvovirus, etc. can be used to transfer a polynucleotide encoding an aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 into a cell. A method for constructing a recombinant viral vector carrying a polynucleotide encoding an aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 can be found in the existing literature (Sambrook, et al.). In addition, the recombinant polynucleotide encoding aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 can be packaged into liposomes and transferred into cells.

Methods for introducing a polynucleotide into a tissue or cell include: directly injecting the polynucleotide into a tissue in vivo; or introducing the polynucleotide into a cell in vitro through a vector (such as a virus, phage, or plasmid), and then transplanting the cell Into the body and so on. Oligonucleotides (including antisense RNA and DNA) and ribozymes that inhibit aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 raRNA are also within the scope of the present invention. A ribozyme is an enzyme-like RNA molecule that can specifically decompose a specific RNA. Its mechanism of action is that the ribozyme molecule specifically hybridizes with a complementary target RNA for endonucleation. Antisense RNA, DM, and ribozymes can be obtained by any existing RNA or DM synthesis technology, such as solid-phase phosphate amide chemical synthesis to synthesize oligonucleotides has been widely used. Antisense RNA molecules can be obtained by in vitro or in vivo transcription of a DNA sequence encoding the RNA. This DNA sequence has been integrated downstream of the RM polymerase promoter of the vector. In order to increase the stability of a nucleic acid molecule, it can be modified in a variety of ways, such as increasing the sequence length on both sides, and the ribonucleoside linkages should use phosphate thioester or peptide bonds instead of phosphodiester bonds.

 Polynucleotides encoding aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be used to diagnose diseases related to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. Polynucleotides encoding aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be used to detect the expression of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 or abnormal expression of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 in disease states. For example, the DM sequence encoding aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 can be used to hybridize biopsy specimens to determine the expression of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9. Hybridization techniques include Sou thern blotting, Nor thern blotting, and in situ hybridization. These technical methods are all mature technologies that are publicly available, and related kits are commercially available. Some or all of the polynucleotides of the present invention can be used as probes to be fixed on a micro array (Microchip) or a DNA chip (also known as a "gene chip") for analyzing differential expression analysis of genes in tissues and genes. diagnosis. RM-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification using aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 specific primers can also detect aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 transcript products.

 Detection of mutations in the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 gene can also be used to diagnose aldehyde / ketoreductase 9-related diseases. Forms of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 mutations include point mutations, translocations, deletions, recombinations, and any other abnormalities compared to normal wild-type aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 DNA sequences. Mutations can be detected using existing techniques such as Sou thern imprinting, DM sequence analysis, PCR and in situ hybridization. In addition, mutations may affect protein expression. Therefore, Nor thern blotting and Western blotting can be used to indirectly determine whether a gene is mutated.

 The sequences of the invention are also valuable for chromosome identification. This sequence will specifically target a specific position on a human chromosome and can hybridize to it. Currently, specific sites for each gene on the chromosome need to be identified. Currently, only a few chromosome markers based on actual sequence data (repeating polymorphisms) are available for marking chromosome positions. According to the present invention, in order to associate these sequences with disease-related genes, an important first step is to locate these DNA sequences on a chromosome.

 In short, PCR primers (preferably 15-35bp) are prepared from the cDNA, and the sequences can be located on the chromosomes. These primers were then used for PCR screening of somatic hybrid cells containing individual human chromosomes. Only those heterozygous cells containing the human gene corresponding to the primer will produce amplified fragments.

PCR localization of somatic hybrid cells is a quick way to localize DNA to specific chromosomes. Make Using the oligonucleotide primers of the present invention, sublocalization can be achieved by a similar method using a set of fragments from a specific chromosome or a large number of genomic clones. Other similar strategies that can be used for chromosomal localization include in situ hybridization, chromosome pre-screening with labeled flow sorting, and hybrid pre-selection to construct chromosome-specific cDNA libraries.

 Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of cDNA clones with metaphase chromosomes allows precise chromosomal localization in one step. For a review of this technique, see Verma et al., Human Chromosomes: a Manua l of Basic Techniques, Pergamon Pres s, New York (1988).

 Once the sequence is located at the exact chromosomal location, the physical location of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with the genetic map data. These data can be found in V. Mckus i ck, Mende l ian Inher i tance in Man (available online with Johns Hopkins Un ivers i ty We lch Med i cal l brary). Linkage analysis can then be used to determine the relationship between genes and diseases that have been mapped to chromosomal regions.

 Next, the difference in cDNA or genomic sequence between the affected and unaffected individuals needs to be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all diseased individuals and the mutation is not observed in any normal individuals, the mutation may be the cause of the disease. Comparing affected and unaffected individuals usually involves first looking for structural changes in chromosomes, such as deletions or translocations that are visible at the chromosomal level or detectable with cDNA sequence-based PCR. According to the resolution capabilities of current physical mapping and gene mapping technology, the cDNA accurately mapped to the chromosomal region associated with the disease can be one of 50 to 500 potentially pathogenic genes (assuming 1 megabase mapping resolution) Capacity and each 20kb corresponds to a gene).

 The polypeptides, polynucleotides and mimetics, agonists, antagonists and inhibitors of the present invention can be used in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. These carriers can be water, glucose, ethanol, salts, buffers, glycerol, and combinations thereof. The composition comprises a safe and effective amount of the polypeptide or antagonist, and carriers and excipients which do not affect the effect of the drug. These compositions can be used as drugs for the treatment of diseases.

 The invention also provides a kit or kit containing one or more containers containing one or more ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention. Along with these containers, there may be instructional instructions given by government agencies that manufacture, use, or sell pharmaceuticals or biological products, which prompts permission for administration on the human body by government agencies that produce, use, or sell. In addition, the polypeptides of the invention can be used in combination with other therapeutic compounds.

The pharmaceutical composition can be administered in a convenient manner, such as by a topical, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intranasal or intradermal route of administration. Aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 is administered in an amount effective to treat and / or prevent a specific indication. The amount and dose range of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 administered to a patient will depend on many factors, such as the mode of administration, the health conditions of the person to be treated, and the judgment of the diagnostician. Examples

 The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, the experimental methods without specific conditions are generally performed according to conventional conditions such as Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: The conditions described in the laboratory manual (New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989), or according to the manufacturer Suggested conditions.

 Example 1 Cloning of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9

 Human fetal brain total RNA was extracted by one-step method with guanidine isothiocyanate / phenol / chloroform. Poly (A) mRNA was isolated from total RNA using the Quik mRNA Isolation Kit (Qiegene). 2ug poly (A) mRNA is reverse transcribed to form cDNA. Use Smart cDNA Cloning Kit (purchased from Clontech). The 0 fragment was inserted into the multi-cloning site of pBSK (+) vector (Clontech), and transformed into DH5a. The bacteria formed a cDNA library. Dye terminate cycle react ion sequencing kit (Perkin-Elmer) and ABI 377 automatic sequencer (Perkin-Elmer) were used to determine the sequences at the 5 'and 3' ends of all clones. The determined cDNA sequence was compared with the existing public DM sequence database (Genebank), and it was found that the cDNA sequence of one of the clones 0580F03 was new DNA. The inserted cDNA fragments contained in this clone were determined in both directions by synthesizing a series of primers. The results show that the 0580F03 clone contains a full-length cDNA of 2717bp (as shown in Seq IDN0: 1), and has a 249bp open reading frame (0RF) from 686bp to 934bp, encoding a new protein (such as Seq ID NO: 2). We named this clone pBS-0580F03 and named the encoded protein as aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. Example 2 Domain analysis of cDNA clones

 The sequence of the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the present invention and the protein sequence encoded by the aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 of the present invention were profiled using the GCG profile scan program (Basic local alignment search tool) [Al tschul, SF et al. J. Mol. Biol. 1990; 215 : 403-10], performing domain analysis in a database such as prosit. The aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 of the present invention is homologous with the domain aldehyde / ketone reductase family proteins at 21-80. The results of the homology are shown in Fig. 1. The homology is 0.18, and the score is 10.92; the threshold is 10.91. Example 3 Cloning of a gene encoding aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 by RT-PCR

 CDNA was synthesized using fetal brain cell total RM as a template and oligo-dT as a primer for reverse transcription reaction. After purification using Qiagene's kit, the following primers were used for PCR amplification:

Primerl: 5-GGGTTTAGTTTCAGAACTGGACTT-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 3) Primer2: 5'-AGTTGCAC '] TTTTATTCACTGTCA-3, (SEQ ID NO: 4) Primerl is a forward sequence located at SEQ ID N [: 1 at the 5th end of lbp;

 Primer2 is the 3 'end reverse sequence in SEQ ID NO: 1.

Amplification reaction conditions: 50 mmol / L KC1, 10 mmol / L Tris-HCl, (pH 8.5), 1.5 mmol / L MgCl ₂ , 20 (^ mol / L dNTP, lOpraol primer, 1U) in a 50 μ1 reaction volume Taq DNA polymerase (Clontech). The reaction was performed on a PE9600 DNA thermal cycler (Perkin-Elmer) under the following conditions for 25 cycles: 94 ° C 30sec; 55 ° C 30sec; 72 ° C 2min. At RT -PCR was used to set P-actin as a positive control and template blank as a negative control. The amplified product was purified using a QIAGEN kit, and connected to a pCR vector using a TA cloning kit (Invitrogen). The results of DNA sequence analysis showed that The DNA sequence of the PCR product is exactly the same as the 1-1038bp shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Example 4 Northern blot analysis of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 gene expression

Total RNA extraction in one step [Anal. Biochem 1987, 162, 156-159] „This method involves acid guanidinium thiocyanate phenol-chloroform extraction. 4M guanidine isothiocyanate-25mM sodium citrate, 0.2M acetic acid Sodium (pH4.0) was used to homogenize the tissue, 1 volume of phenol and 1/5 volume of chloroform-isoamyl alcohol (49: 1) were added, and the mixture was centrifuged. The aqueous phase layer was aspirated and isopropyl alcohol (0.8 Volume) and centrifuge the mixture to obtain an RNA pellet. The resulting RNA pellet was washed with 70% ethanol, dried and dissolved in water. Using 20 μ _§ RNA, containing 20 mM 3- (N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid (pH 7. 0) was electrophoresed on a 1.2% agarose gel -5mM -IraM EDTA-2.2M sodium acetate, formaldehyde and then transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. ³² P- labeled DNA was prepared a- ³² P dATP by random priming SYSTEM Probe. The DNA probe used was the PCR-encoded aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 coding region sequence (686bp to 934bp) shown in Figure 1. A 32P-labeled probe (about 2 X 10 ⁶ cpm / ml) Hybridize with RNA-transferred nitrocellulose membrane at 42 ° C overnight in a solution containing 50% formamide-25mM KH ₂ P0 ₄ (pH7.4)-5 χ SSC- 5 χ D Enhardt's solution and 20 g / ml salmon sperm DNA. After hybridization, the filter was washed in 1 x SSC-0.1 ° /. SDS at 55 ° C for 30 min. Then, it was analyzed and quantified by Phosphor Imager. Example 5 In vitro expression, isolation and purification of recombinant aldehyde / ketone reductase 9

 According to SEQ ID NO: 1 and the coding region sequence shown in Figure 1, a pair of specific amplification primers was designed, the sequence is as follows:

Primer3: 5-CATGCTAGCATGACCAGCCATATGGTGAGGCT -3 '(Seq ID No: 5) Primer4: 5-CCCGAATTCTTAGGCTAGATTCAGCATTTGCAG-3' (Seq ID No: 6) The 5 'ends of these two primers contain Nhel and EcoRI restriction sites, respectively, and thereafter The coding sequences of the 5 'and 3' ends of the gene of interest, respectively. The Nhel and EcoRI restriction sites correspond to the expression vector plasmid pET- Selective endonuclease site on 28b (+) (Novagen, Cat. No. 69865.3). PCR was performed using the PBS-0580F03 plasmid containing the full-length target gene as a template. PCR reaction conditions were: 1 in a total volume of ₅₀ μ plasmid pBS- 0580F03 containing 10pg, primer Primer- 3 and Primer- 4 are lOpmol, Advantage polymerase Mix (Clontech Products) 1 _μ 1. Cycle parameters: 94. C 20s, 60. C 30s, 68 ° C 2 min, a total of 25 cycles. Nhel and EcoRI were used to double digest the amplified product and plasmid pET-28 (+), respectively, and large fragments were recovered and ligated with T4 ligase. The ligated product was transformed into E. coli DH5CX using the calcium chloride method. After being cultured overnight on LB plates containing kanamycin (final concentration 3 (^ g / ml)), positive clones were screened by colony PCR method and sequenced. The correct positive clone (PET-0580F03) was used to transform the recombinant plasmid into E. coli BL21 (DE3) plySs (product of Novagen) by calcium chloride method. Cultured in LB liquid containing kanamycin (final concentration 30 _μ§ / πι1) In the medium, the host bacteria BL21 (pET-0580F03) was cultured at 37 ° C. to the logarithmic growth phase, IPTG was added to a final concentration of 1 μl / L, and the culture was continued for 5 hours. The cells were collected by centrifugation. The supernatant was chromatographed using an affinity column His. Bind Quick Cartridge (product of Novagen) capable of binding to 6 histidines (6His-Tag). The purified protein aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 was obtained. After SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, a single band was obtained at 9KDa (Figure 2). The band was transferred to a PVDF membrane and analyzed by N-terminal amino acid sequence using the Edams hydrolysis method. As a result, 15 N-terminal amino acids and The N-terminal 15 amino acid residues shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 are completely in phase . 9 antibodies produced in Example 6 Anti aldehyde / ketone reductase embodiment

 A peptide synthesizer (product of PE company) was used to synthesize the following aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 specific peptides:

NH2-Met-Thr-Ser-His-Met-Val-Arg-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ser-His-Pro-Gln-Ala-C00H (SEQ ID NO: 7). The polypeptide is coupled to hemocyanin and bovine serum albumin to form a complex. For methods, see: Avrameas, et al. Immunocheraistry, 1969; 6: 43. Rabbits were immunized with 4 mg of the hemocyanin polymorphic complex plus complete Freund's adjuvant, and 15 days later, the hemocyanin polypeptide complex plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant was used to boost immunity once. 15A titer plate coated with 15 g / ml bovine serum albumin peptide complex was used as an ELISA to determine the antibody titer in rabbit serum. Total IgG was isolated from antibody-positive rabbit sera using protein A-Sepharose. The peptide was bound to a cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose4B column, and anti-peptide antibodies were separated from the total IgG by affinity chromatography. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the purified antibody specifically binds to aldehyde / ketone reductase 9. Example 7 Application of the polynucleotide fragment of the present invention as a hybridization probe

Suitable oligonucleotide fragments selected from the polynucleotides of the present invention are used as hybridization probes in a variety of ways. For example, the probes can be used to hybridize to genomic or cDNA libraries of normal tissue or pathological tissue from different sources to Identifying whether it contains the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention and detecting a homologous polynucleotide sequence, further The probe is used to detect whether the expression of the polynucleotide sequence of the present invention or a homologous polynucleotide sequence thereof in cells of normal tissues or pathological tissues is abnormal.

 The purpose of this embodiment is to select a suitable oligonucleotide fragment from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention as a hybridization probe, and to identify whether some tissues contain the polynucleoside of the present invention by a filter hybridization method. Acid sequence or a homologous polynucleotide sequence thereof. Filter hybridization methods include dot blotting, Southern imprinting, Nor thern blotting, and copying methods. They all use the same steps to fix the polynucleotide sample to be tested on the filter and then hybridize. These same steps are as follows: The sample-immobilized filter is first pre-hybridized with a probe-free hybridization buffer to saturate the non-specific binding site of the sample on the filter with the carrier and the synthesized polymer. The pre-hybridization solution is then replaced with a hybridization buffer containing labeled probes and incubated to hybridize the probes to the target nucleic acid. After the hybridization step, the unhybridized probes are removed by a series of membrane washing steps. This embodiment uses higher-intensity washing conditions (such as lower salt concentration and higher temperature) to reduce the hybridization background and retain only strong specific signals. The probes used in this embodiment include two types: the first type of probes are oligonucleotide fragments that are completely the same as or complementary to the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention; the second type of probes are partially related to the present invention The polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 is the same or complementary oligonucleotide fragment. In this example, the dot blot method is used to fix the sample on the filter membrane. Under the high-intensity washing conditions, the first type of probe and the sample have the strongest hybridization specificity and are retained.

 First, the selection of the probe

 The selection of oligonucleotide fragments for use as hybridization probes from the polynucleotide SEQ ID NO: 1 of the present invention should follow the following principles and several aspects to be considered:

 1. The preferred range of probe size is 18-50 nucleotides;

 2, GC content is 30% -70%, non-specific hybridization increases when it exceeds;

 3, there should be no complementary regions inside the probe;

 4. Those that meet the above conditions can be used as primary selection probes, and then further computer sequence analysis, including the primary selection probe and its source sequence region (ie, SEQ ID NO: 1) and other known genomic sequences and their complements For homology comparison of the regions, if the homology with the non-target molecular region is greater than 85% or there are more than 15 consecutive bases, the primary probe should not be used generally;

 5. Whether the preliminary selection probe is finally selected as a probe with practical application value should be further determined by experiments.

 After completing the above analysis, select and synthesize the following two probes:

 Probe 1 (probel), which belongs to the first type of probe, is completely homologous or complementary to the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 (41Nt)

5 -TGACCAGCCATATGGTGAGGCTGGGGAGTTCACATCCTCAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 8) Probe 2 (probe2), which belongs to the second type of probe, is equivalent to the replacement mutant sequence of the gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 or its complementary fragment (41Nt):

 5-TGACCAGCCATATGGTGAGGATGGGGAGTTCACATCCTCAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 9) For other commonly used reagents and their preparation methods not related to the following specific experimental steps, please refer to the literature: DNA PROBES GH Kel ler; M. Manak; Stockton Press, 1989 (USA) and more commonly used molecular cloning laboratory manuals, such as the Guide to Molecular Cloning Experiments (Second Edition 1998) [US] Sambrook et al., Science Press.

 Sample Preparation:

 1.Extract DNA from fresh or frozen tissue

Steps: 1) Place fresh or freshly thawed normal liver tissue in a plate immersed in ice and filled with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Cut the tissue into small pieces with scissors or a scalpel. Tissue should be kept moist during operation. 2) Centrifuge the tissue at 1,000 g for 10 minutes. 3) Suspend the pellet (approximately 10 ml / g) with a cold homogenate buffer (0.25 mol / L sucrose; 25 cryptol / L Tris-HCl, pH 7.5; 25 mmol / L NaCl; 25 mmol / L MgCl ₂ ). 4) Homogenize the tissue suspension at 4 ° C at full speed with an electric homogenizer until the tissue is completely broken. 5) Centrifuge at 1000g for 10 minutes. 6) Resuspend the cell pellet (add .1- 5ml per 0.1 _{g of the} initial tissue sample), and centrifuge at 1000 _g for 10 minutes. 7) Resuspend the pellet in lysis buffer (lral per 0.1 g of the original tissue sample), and then connect the following

2, DNA phenol extraction method

Steps: 1) Wash cells with 1-10 ml of cold PBS and centrifuge at 1000g for 10 minutes. 2) Resuspend the pelleted cells with cold cell lysate (lx 10 ^s cells / ml). Use a minimum of 100ul lysis buffer. 3) Add SDS to a final concentration of 1%. If SDS is added directly to the cell pellet before resuspending the cells, cells 5 [can form large clumps that are difficult to break, and reduce the overall yield. This is particularly serious when extracting> 10 ⁷ cells. 4) Add proteinase K to a final concentration of 200ug / ml. 5) Incubate at 50 ° C for 1 hour or shake gently at 37 ° C overnight. 6) Extract with an equal volume of phenol: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (25: 24: 1) and centrifuge in a small centrifuge tube for 10 minutes. The two should be clearly separated, otherwise centrifuge again. 7) Transfer the water phase to a new tube. 8) Extract with an equal volume of chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (24: 1) and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 9) Transfer the DNA-containing aqueous phase to a new tube. Purification of DNA and ethanol precipitation were then performed.

 3. Purification of DNA and ethanol precipitation

Steps: 1) Add 1/10 volume of 2mol / L sodium acetate and 2 volumes of cold 100% ethanol to the DNA solution and mix. Leave at -20 ° C for 1 hour or overnight. 2) Centrifuge for 10 minutes. 3) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol. 4) Wash the pellet with 500ul of 70% cold ethanol and centrifuge for 5 minutes. 5) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol. Wash the pellet with 500ul of cold ethanol and centrifuge for 5 minutes. 6) Carefully aspirate or pour out the ethanol, and then place on the absorbent paper Invert to drain residual ethanol. Air dry for 10-15 minutes to evaporate the surface ethanol. Be careful not to allow the pellet to dry completely, otherwise it will be difficult to re-dissolve. 7) Resuspend the DNA pellet in a small volume of TE or water. Vortex at low speed or suck with a dropper while gradually increasing TE, mix until DM is fully lysed, and add approximately 1 ul per 1-5 x ^{10 6} cells.

 The following steps 8-13 are only used when contamination must be removed, otherwise step 14 can be performed directly.

8) Add RNase A to the DNA solution to a final concentration of 100 ug / ml, and incubate at 37 ° C for 30 minutes. 9) Add SDS and proteinase K to the final concentration of 0.5% and 100ug / ml. Incubate at 37 ° C for 30 minutes. 10) Extract the reaction solution with an equal volume of phenylhydrazone: chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (25: 24: 1) and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 11) Carefully remove the aqueous phase, re-extract with an equal volume of chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (24: 1), and centrifuge for 10 minutes. 12) Carefully remove the water phase, add 10 volumes of 2mol / L sodium acetate and 2.5 volumes of cold ethanol, and mix well at -20 ° C for 1 hour. 13) Wash the pellet with 70% ethanol and 100% ethanol, air dry, and resuspend the nucleic acid. The process is the same as steps 3-6. 14) Measure A ₂₆ . And A ₂₈ . To detect the purity and yield of DNA. 15) Store at -20 ° C after dispensing.

 Preparation of sample film:

 1) Take 4x2 pieces of nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane) of appropriate size, and mark the spotting position and sample number on it with a pencil. Two NC membranes are required for each probe, so that it can be used in the following experimental steps. The film was washed with high-strength conditions and strength conditions, respectively.

 2) Pipette and control 15 microliters each, spot on the sample film, and dry at room temperature.

 3) Place on filter paper impregnated with 0.1 mol / L NaOH, 1.5raol / L NaCl for 5 minutes (twice), dry and place in 0.5 mol / L Tris-HCl (pH 7.0), 3 mol / L NaCl filter paper for 5 minutes (twice) and allowed to dry.

 4) Clamped in clean filter paper, wrapped in aluminum foil, and dried under vacuum at 60-80 ° C for 2 hours.

 Labeling of probes

1) 3μ1 Probe (0.1OD / Ιθμΐ), add 2μ1 Kinase buffer, 8-10 uCi γ- ³² P-dATP + 2U Kinase, to make up to a final volume of 20μ1.

 2) Incubate at 37 ° C for 2 hours.

 3) Add 1/5 volume of Bromophenol Blue Indicator (BPB).

 4) Pass through a Sephadex G-50 column.

5) Before the ³² P-Probe is washed out, the first peak is collected (monitorable :).

 6) 5 drops / tube, collect 10-15 tubes.

 7) Monitor the amount of isotope with a liquid scintillator.

8) The ³² P-Probe (the second peak is free γ- ³² P-dATP) to be prepared after the collection solution of the first peak is combined. Pre-hybridization

 The sample membrane was placed in a plastic bag, and 3-10 mg of prehybridization solution (10xDenhardf s; 6xSSC, 0.1 mg / ml CT DNA (calf thymus DM)) was added. After sealing the mouth of the bag, shake at 68 ° C for 2 hours.

 Cross

 Cut a corner of the plastic bag, add the prepared probe, seal the bag, and shake it at 42 ° C in a water bath overnight. Wash film:

 High-intensity washing film:

 1) Take out the hybridized sample membrane.

 2) 2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 3) 0.1 x SSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 4) 0.1 x SSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 55 ° C for 30 minutes (twice), and dry at room temperature. Low-intensity washing film:

 1) Take out the hybridized sample membrane.

 2) 2xSSC, 0.1% SDS, 37. C Wash for 15 minutes (twice). .

 3) 0.1 x SSC, 0.1% SDS, wash at 37 ° C for 15 minutes (twice).

 4) 0.1 x SSC, 0.1 ° /. In SDS, wash at 40 ° C for 15 minutes (twice) and dry at room temperature.

X-ray auto-development:

 -70 ° C, X-ray autoradiography (pressing time depends on the radioactivity of the hybrid spot).

 Experimental results:

 The hybridization experiments performed under low-intensity membrane washing conditions showed no significant difference in the radioactive intensity of the above two probes. However, in the hybridization experiments performed under high-intensity membrane washing conditions, the radioactive intensity of probe 1 was significantly stronger than that of hybridization spots. The radioactive intensity of the hybridization spot of the other probe. Therefore, the presence and differential expression of the polynucleotide of the present invention in different tissues can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively with the probe 1. Example 8 DNA Microarray

Gene chip or gene micro-matrix (DM Mi croarray) is a new technology currently being developed by many national laboratories and large pharmaceutical companies. It refers to the orderly and high-density arrangement of a large number of target gene fragments on glass , Silicon and other carriers, and then use fluorescence detection and computer software to compare and analyze the data, in order to achieve the purpose of rapid, efficient, high-throughput analysis of biological information. The polynucleotide of the present invention can be used as a target DM for gene chip technology for high-throughput research of new gene functions; finding and screening for tissue specificity New genes, especially those related to diseases such as tumors; Diagnosis of diseases, such as hereditary diseases. The specific method steps have been reported in the literature. For example, see DeRisi, JL, Lyer, V. & Brown, P.0. (1997) Science 278, 680-686. And Helle'RA, Schema, M. , Chai, A., Shalom, D., (1997) PNAS 94: 2150-2155.

 (A) spotting

 A total of 4,000 polynucleotide sequences of various full-length cDNAs are used as target DNA, including the polynucleotide of the present invention. They were amplified by PCR respectively. After purification, the concentration of the amplified product was adjusted to about 500 ng / ul, and spotted on a glass medium with a Cartesian 7500 spotting instrument (purchased from Cartesian, USA). The distance is 280 μηι. The spotted slides were hydrated, dried, and cross-linked in a UV cross-linking instrument. After elution, the DNA was fixed on the glass slide to prepare a chip. The specific method steps have been reported in the literature. The sample post-processing steps in this embodiment are:

 1. Hydration in a humid environment for 4 hours;

 2. 0.2% SDS was washed for 1 minute;

3. Wash twice with ddH ₂ 0 for 1 minute each time;

4. NaBH _{4 is} blocked for 5 minutes;

 5. 95 ° C water for 2 minutes;

 6. Wash with 0.2% SDS for 1 minute;

7. Rinse twice with ddH ₂ 0;

 8. Dry and store at 25 ° C in the dark for future use.

 (Two) probe marking

 Total mRNA was extracted from normal liver and liver cancer in one step, and mRNA was purified using Oligotex mRNA Midi Kit (purchased from QiaGen). The fluorescent reagent Cy3dUTP (5- Amino- propargy 1-2 '-deoxyuri dine) 5'-tr iphate coupled to Cy3 fluorescent dye, purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech company) labeled mRNA of normal liver tissue, using the fluorescent reagent Cy5dUTP (5-Amino-propargy 1-2 · -deoxyuri dine 5'-tr iphate coupled to Cy5 A fluorescent dye (purchased from Amersham Phamacia Biotech) was used to label liver cancer tissue mRNA, and the probe was prepared after purification. For specific steps and methods, see:

 Schena, M., Shalon, D., Heller, R. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Vol. 93: 10614-10619. Schena, M., Shalon, Dari., Davis, RW (1995 ) Science.270 (20): 467-480.

 (Three) cross

The probes from the above two tissues and the chip were respectively hybridized in a UniHyb ™ Hybridization Solution (purchased from TeleChem) hybridization solution for 16 hours, and the washing solution (lx SSC, 0.2% SDS) After washing, scan with a ScanArray 3000 scanner (purchased from General Scanning, USA). The scanned images are analyzed by Imagene software (Biodiscovery, USA), and the Cy3 / of each point is calculated. Cy5 ratio, the ratio of less than 0.5 and more than 2 points are considered to be genes with different expression.

 The experimental results show that Cy3 signa l = 6245. 43 (average of four experiments), Cy5 signal = 5127. 95 (average of four experiments), Cy3 / Cy5 = 1.2179, the present invention There was no significant difference in the expression of polynucleotides in the above two tissues.

Claims

1. An isolated polypeptide-aldehyde / ketone reductase 9, characterized in that it comprises: a polypeptide having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, or an active fragment, analog or derivative thereof.

 2. The polypeptide according to claim 1, characterized in that the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide, analog or derivative has at least 95% identity with the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.

 3. The polypeptide according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.

 4. An isolated polynucleotide, characterized in that said polynucleotide comprises one selected from the group consisting of:

(a) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or a fragment, analog, or derivative thereof;

 (b) a polynucleotide complementary to polynucleotide (a); or

 (c) A polynucleotide that is at least 70% identical to (a) or (b).

 5. The polynucleotide according to claim 4, wherein the polynucleotide comprises a polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2.

 6. The polynucleotide according to claim 4, characterized in that the sequence of the polynucleotide comprises a sequence at positions 686-934 in SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence at positions 1-2717 in SEQ ID NO: 1. .

 7. A recombinant vector containing an exogenous polynucleotide, characterized in that it is a recombinant constructed from the polynucleotide according to any one of claims 4 to 6 with a plasmid, virus or a carrier expression vector Carrier.

 8. A genetically engineered host cell containing an exogenous polynucleotide, characterized in that it is selected from one of the following host cells:

 (a) a host cell transformed or transduced with the recombinant vector of claim 7; or

 (b) a host cell transformed or transduced with a polynucleotide according to any one of claims 4-6.

9. A method for preparing a polypeptide having aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 activity, characterized in that the method includes:

 (a) culturing the engineered host cell according to claim 8 under the condition of expressing aldehyde / ketone reductase 9;

(b) Isolating a polypeptide having aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 activity from the culture.

 10. An antibody capable of binding to a polypeptide, characterized in that said antibody is an antibody capable of specifically binding to aldehyde / ketoreductase 9.

 11. A class of compounds that mimic or regulate the activity or expression of a polypeptide, characterized in that they are compounds that mimic, promote, antagonize or inhibit the activity of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9.

12. The compound according to claim 11, characterized in that it is a multi-core as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 Antisense sequence of a nucleotide sequence or a fragment thereof.

 13. Use of a compound according to claim 11, characterized in that the compound is used for a method for regulating the activity of aldehyde / ketone reductase 9 in vivo and in vitro.

 14. A method for detecting a disease or susceptibility to a disease associated with a polypeptide according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises detecting the expression level of the polypeptide, or detecting the activity of the polypeptide Or detecting a nucleotide variation in a polynucleotide that causes abnormal expression or activity of the polypeptide.

 15. Use of the polypeptide according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it is used for screening mimetics, agonists, antagonists or inhibitors of aldehyde / ketoreductase 9; or for peptides Fingerprint identification.

 16. The use of a nucleic acid molecule according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that it is used as a primer for a nucleic acid amplification reaction, or as a probe for a hybridization reaction, or for manufacturing a gene chip Or microarray.

 17. Use of a polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 1 1, characterized in that said polypeptide, polynucleotide or mimetic, agonist, antagonist The agent or inhibitor is composed of a safe and effective dose with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier as a pharmaceutical composition for diagnosing or treating a disease associated with an aldehyde / ketoreductase 9 abnormality.

 18. The use of a polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound according to any one of claims 1-6 and 11, characterized in that the polypeptide, polynucleotide or compound is used for preparing for treating malignant tumors, blood, etc. Disease, H IV infection and immune diseases and drugs of various inflammations.