WO2001047803A1 - Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices - Google Patents
Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001047803A1 WO2001047803A1 PCT/US2000/035401 US0035401W WO0147803A1 WO 2001047803 A1 WO2001047803 A1 WO 2001047803A1 US 0035401 W US0035401 W US 0035401W WO 0147803 A1 WO0147803 A1 WO 0147803A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- high voltage
- ion wind
- ozone production
- wind devices
- emitter
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
- A61L9/22—Ionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to ion generators and ion wind devices, and more specifically to an improved method and apparatus for reducing the production of ozone in ion wind devices.
- Ion wind devices such as described in Lee U.S. Patent No. 4,789.801 (incorporated herein by reference) provide accelerated gas ions generated by the use of differential high voltage electric fields between an array of one or more emitters and a plurality of collectors
- the ions are entrained in the ambient bulk gases, causing the gases to flow. Gas velocities can reach as high as eight hundred feet per minute. However, the high voltage electric fields used to generate the gas ions and provide the force necessary for gas acceleration are also responsible for creating molecular dissociation reactions, the most common of which include ozone generated from oxygen when such devices are operating in a breathable atmosphere. It is an object of this invention to provide methods to reduce the production of ozone in such devices.
- the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has determined that indoor airborne ozone in concentrations above 50 ppb (parts per billion) may be hazardous to humans.
- NIOSFI has ruled that indoor concentrations of ozone above 100 ppb may be hazardous to humans.
- Ion wind devices accelerate gas ions by applying differential high voltage electric fields between one or more emitters and a plurality of collectors (accelerators).
- the inventive method limits ozone production while simultaneously realizing incidents of high acceleration in such devices by varying the high voltage potential across the array of emitter(s) and collectors over time in such a manner as to generate a "wave effect" of airflow.
- Several alternative methods of varying the high voltage potential have proven successful in accomplishing this wave effect.
- One method which may be referred to as a switching method, allows the positive emitter high voltage potential to operate at a reduced level (e.g..
- An alternative method which may be referred to as a ramping method, accomplishes the wave effect by use of an electronic circuit to generate a nonlinear sawtooth ramp driving voltage.
- Typical ramp duration would also be, e.g.. four seconds, with the ending portion and trailing edge effecting the highest voltage state for approximately one second.
- airflow velocities were varied typically from a low state of 300 feet per minute to a high state of 500 feet per minute.
- Subsequent ozone production levels varied from a low of 17ppb for 3 seconds to a high of 50ppb for less than one second. Overall average ozone production was less than 25 ppb.
- a further alternate method which also produces the wave effect may be referred to as a gate method, which is a gate voltage which switches either (or both) the positive high voltage to the emitter or the negative high voltage to the collector at timed intervals, such as 20 seconds off and then 20 seconds at the high voltage state.
- a gate method which is a gate voltage which switches either (or both) the positive high voltage to the emitter or the negative high voltage to the collector at timed intervals, such as 20 seconds off and then 20 seconds at the high voltage state.
- the switching method, the ramping method or the gate method may be used in concert with each other or with other ozone control.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an emitter and collector (accelerator) array of an ion wind device
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the switching method of varying the high voltage potential between the emitter(s) and collectors of this invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the ramping method of this invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the gate method of this invention.
- Fig. 1 refers to a typical ion wind array such as described in Lee U.S. Patent No. 4,789,801.
- the emitter or emitters 10 are typically constructed of .1 mm pure tungsten wire and may be of any length.
- the collectors (sometimes referred to as accelerators) 20 are typically constructed of any non corrosive conductive material such as copper, aluminum, stainless steel, or brass.
- the emitter 10 is always located opposite and at the center (A) of the opening of the collectors 20.
- the equidistant (B) of the emitter 10 to the leading edge (radius) of the collector 20 may vary depending upon desired operational effect, but is typically one inch. This is also true of the spacing (C) between the collectors 20.
- the differential voltage applied across the emitter/collector array must be at least 6,500 volts in order to effect any substantial ion mobility and subsequent airflow.
- Typical configurations consist of applying a positive high voltage to the emitter 10 and a negative high voltage to the collector 20 to achieve a maximum differential voltage of 15,000 volts
- Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the switching method of this invention.
- This method provides a pulsed high voltage to the emitter/collector array, i.e., a high voltage excitation configuration to drive the array by switching from a lower-level positive high voltage state HV1 to a higher-level positive high voltage state HV2 at pre-determined time intervals, e.g., one second HV1 and three seconds HV2. It is not necessary to include the negative voltage reference -HV if the positive voltage is increased proportionally to achieve like airflow levels. Also, the voltage polarities may be reversed with minimal effect upon the airflow levels.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the ramping method of this invention.
- This method provides a ramped high voltage to the emitter/collector array, i.e., a high voltage excitation configuration to drive the array with a voltage ramp, which changes in amplitude over a variable time interval.
- the low-level high voltage on time state may typically be as long as 5.5 seconds for minimal ozone production. Conversely, the low-level high voltage may be as short as 2.5 seconds for maximum desired ozone.
- the ramp up time is typically 1.5 seconds to create a differential voltage in excess of 14,000 volts. Actual time and amplitude may be varied for effect depending upon desired airflow and ozone levels.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the gate method of this invention.
- This method provides a sequential high voltage to the emitter/collector array, i.e., a high voltage gating (or switching on/off) method whereby the differential high voltage applied to the array is turned from a zero state to a maximum high state at pre-determined intervals.
- the on/off timed states and differential amplitude may be varied for effect. For example, a 20-second on to 20 second off time and a differential high voltage level of 15,000 volts would be the maximum duty cycle and amplitude for airflow and ozone output.
- a negative high voltage on the collector array if the voltage level is increased proportionally on the emitter array, since the airflow and ozone levels will change proportionally in like ambient conditions.
- a negative voltage applied to the collector array is usually used to improve contaminant collection, limit circuit cost and minimize corona arcing to neutral components located in the vicinity of the array housing.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/168,723 US6897617B2 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind device |
CA2395397A CA2395397C (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices |
AU29140/01A AU2914001A (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices |
EP00993601A EP1255694A4 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17307599P | 1999-12-24 | 1999-12-24 | |
US60/173,075 | 1999-12-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001047803A1 true WO2001047803A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
Family
ID=22630434
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/035401 WO2001047803A1 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus to reduce ozone production in ion wind devices |
PCT/US2000/035402 WO2001048781A1 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus for reducing ozone output from ion wind devices |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/035402 WO2001048781A1 (en) | 1999-12-24 | 2000-12-22 | Method and apparatus for reducing ozone output from ion wind devices |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6603268B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1255694A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1264743C (en) |
AU (2) | AU2914001A (en) |
CA (2) | CA2395397C (en) |
WO (2) | WO2001047803A1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
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US6585935B1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2003-07-01 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic ion emitting footwear sanitizer |
US6632407B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2003-10-14 | Sharper Image Corporation | Personal electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US6672315B2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2004-01-06 | Sharper Image Corporation | Ion emitting grooming brush |
US6713026B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2004-03-30 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US6749667B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2004-06-15 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electrode self-cleaning mechanism for electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devices |
US6958134B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2005-10-25 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devices with an upstream focus electrode |
US7695690B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-04-13 | Tessera, Inc. | Air treatment apparatus having multiple downstream electrodes |
US7724492B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-05-25 | Tessera, Inc. | Emitter electrode having a strip shape |
US7767169B2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2010-08-03 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner system and method to oxidize volatile organic compounds |
US7833322B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a voltage control device responsive to current sensing |
US7897118B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2011-03-01 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes |
US7906080B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2011-03-15 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a liquid holder and a bipolar ionization device |
US7959869B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2011-06-14 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus with a circuit operable to sense arcing |
US8043573B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2011-10-25 | Tessera, Inc. | Electro-kinetic air transporter with mechanism for emitter electrode travel past cleaning member |
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US20020127156A1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2002-09-12 | Taylor Charles E. | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devices with enhanced collector electrode |
US6974560B2 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2005-12-13 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter and conditioner device with enhanced anti-microorganism capability |
US6544485B1 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2003-04-08 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic device with enhanced anti-microorganism capability |
US20020155041A1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2002-10-24 | Mckinney Edward C. | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner with non-equidistant collector electrodes |
US20020146356A1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2002-10-10 | Sinaiko Robert J. | Dual input and outlet electrostatic air transporter-conditioner |
JP2003037467A (en) | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-07 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Surface acoustic wave device |
WO2006107390A2 (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-12 | Kronos Advanced Technologies, Inc. | An electrostatic fluid accelerator for and method of controlling a fluid flow |
US20100116460A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-13 | Tessera, Inc. | Spatially distributed ventilation boundary using electrohydrodynamic fluid accelerators |
US20110036552A1 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2011-02-17 | Ventiva, Inc. | Heatsink having one or more ozone catalyzing fins |
US8482898B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2013-07-09 | Tessera, Inc. | Electrode conditioning in an electrohydrodynamic fluid accelerator device |
US20110308775A1 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-22 | Tessera, Inc. | Electrohydrodynamic device with flow heated ozone reducing material |
US8807204B2 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2014-08-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrohydrodynamic airflow across a heat sink using a non-planar ion emitter array |
US20130284667A1 (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2013-10-31 | Thomas J. Pinnavaia | Polymer Filtration Membranes Containing Mesoporous Additives and Methods of Making the Same |
US20140003964A1 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2014-01-02 | Tessera, Inc. | Electrohydrodynamic (ehd) fluid mover with field blunting structures in flow channel for spatially selective suppression of ion generation |
CN104456751A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Ion wind generating device |
JP2020106024A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 三星電子株式会社Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. | Blower, het exchange unit and air cleaning unit |
WO2022051413A1 (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-10 | Randolph Lucian | Pathogen transfer prevention and mitigation apparatuses |
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US6812671B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-11-02 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling current draw while charging a battery array |
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2000
- 2000-12-22 US US10/168,724 patent/US6603268B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 EP EP00993601A patent/EP1255694A4/en active Pending
- 2000-12-22 WO PCT/US2000/035401 patent/WO2001047803A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-12-22 AU AU29140/01A patent/AU2914001A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-12-22 CN CNB008177236A patent/CN1264743C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 WO PCT/US2000/035402 patent/WO2001048781A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-12-22 CA CA2395397A patent/CA2395397C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 CA CA002395517A patent/CA2395517C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 AU AU29141/01A patent/AU2914101A/en not_active Abandoned
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US6176977B1 (en) * | 1998-11-05 | 2001-01-23 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US6812671B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2004-11-02 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling current draw while charging a battery array |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6672315B2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2004-01-06 | Sharper Image Corporation | Ion emitting grooming brush |
US6827088B2 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2004-12-07 | Sharper Image Corporation | Ion emitting brush |
US6958134B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2005-10-25 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devices with an upstream focus electrode |
US6713026B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2004-03-30 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US6632407B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2003-10-14 | Sharper Image Corporation | Personal electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US7662348B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-02-16 | Sharper Image Acquistion LLC | Air conditioner devices |
US7695690B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-04-13 | Tessera, Inc. | Air treatment apparatus having multiple downstream electrodes |
US8425658B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2013-04-23 | Tessera, Inc. | Electrode cleaning in an electro-kinetic air mover |
US7976615B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2011-07-12 | Tessera, Inc. | Electro-kinetic air mover with upstream focus electrode surfaces |
US7767165B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-08-03 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Personal electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
USRE41812E1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-10-12 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US7959869B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2011-06-14 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus with a circuit operable to sense arcing |
US6585935B1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2003-07-01 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic ion emitting footwear sanitizer |
US6749667B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2004-06-15 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electrode self-cleaning mechanism for electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner devices |
US7906080B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2011-03-15 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a liquid holder and a bipolar ionization device |
US7724492B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-05-25 | Tessera, Inc. | Emitter electrode having a strip shape |
US7767169B2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2010-08-03 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner system and method to oxidize volatile organic compounds |
US8043573B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2011-10-25 | Tessera, Inc. | Electro-kinetic air transporter with mechanism for emitter electrode travel past cleaning member |
US7897118B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2011-03-01 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes |
US7833322B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a voltage control device responsive to current sensing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6603268B2 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
CA2395517C (en) | 2009-09-22 |
EP1255694A1 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
US20020195951A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 |
CN1413167A (en) | 2003-04-23 |
WO2001048781A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
EP1255694A4 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
CA2395397A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
CA2395517A1 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
AU2914101A (en) | 2001-07-09 |
CN1264743C (en) | 2006-07-19 |
CA2395397C (en) | 2010-03-23 |
AU2914001A (en) | 2001-07-09 |
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