WO2001033578A1 - Method of producing a superconducting cable - Google Patents
Method of producing a superconducting cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001033578A1 WO2001033578A1 PCT/DK2000/000598 DK0000598W WO0133578A1 WO 2001033578 A1 WO2001033578 A1 WO 2001033578A1 DK 0000598 W DK0000598 W DK 0000598W WO 0133578 A1 WO0133578 A1 WO 0133578A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- superconducting
- particles
- lubricant
- plastics
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 B-nitride Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/16—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/14—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by the disposition of thermal insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of producing a superconducting cable.
- the known superconducting cables are encumbered with the draw-back that they are not sufficiently flexible at room temperature.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method of producing a superconducting cable which is flexible at room temperature and which discloses a considerable strength at the temperatures at which the superconducting properties are utilized.
- a method of the above type is according to the invention characterised in that a layer optionally made of plastics is applied onto a preferably flexible pipe, and that at least one layer of superconducting tape is applied according to a helical line onto said first layer at the same time as a lubricant is applied, whereafter a steel pipe is applied and finally an additional pipe so as to provide a vacuum between said steel pipe and said additional pipe.
- the lubricant provides the desired flexibility at room temperature at the same time as it turns solid at a comparatively lower temperature and thus provides the necessary mechanical resistance. Solid particles may optionally be admixed the lubricant.
- an additional layer of plastics and superconducting tapes may according to the invention be applied onto the layer of superconducting tape a number of times, the angle of inclination of the superconducting tapes, however, being varied, where- after yet another layer of plastics is applied onto the final layer of superconducting tape.
- the lubricant may according to the invention be formed by silicone oil, peanut oil, petroleum gelly, engine oil or organic grease or melted lubricant which is viscous in a temperature interval, such as the temperature interval -20 °C to -60 °C, and which hardens at comparatively lower temperatures, such as temperatures lower than 110°K.
- the admixed particles may advantageously be formed by aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, manganese oxide, B-nitride, wolfram carbide or ceramic particles or metal particles or plastic particles or a mixture of these types of particles, which through a mixing with the lubricant can easily result in a reduced static friction and optionally in a maintaining of the lubricant through capillary forces.
- some of the admixed particles may according to the invention be of a size of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a cable according to the invention comprising a plurality of superconducting lamellas wound round a cooling pipe
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the innermost portion of the cable
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of each superconducting lamella. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
- the cable according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 comprises an internal, circular cooling duct 1 for a flowing coolant in form of liquid nitrogen.
- the duct 1 may for instance be formed of a circular former of a diameter of about 3 cm.
- the former 1 may for instance be made of aluminium, steel, etc.
- a number of layers of superconducting tape 2, such as for instance eight layers, are wound round the former.
- the tapes 2 of each layer are twisted.
- the twists provides the cable with a predetermined flexibility. By twisting the tapes in different ways, the axial magnetic field is furthermore substantially eliminated. It is, however, not necessary to twist the tapes alter- nately in opposite directions.
- the three first layers may for instance be twisted in one direction, while the fourth layer is twisted in the opposite direction.
- the superconducting tapes 2 are wound so as to substantially abut each other. A space between the adjacent tapes may, however, be present.
- a layer of plastics 13 is inserted between the wound layers of superconducting tapes 2. These plastic layers are for instance of a thickness of approximately 50 ⁇ m.
- the outermost layers of superconducting tapes and the superposed plastic layer are surrounded by an inner 4 and an outer corrugated pipe 5.
- a vacuum is established between these pipes 4, 5 so as to provide a thermal insulation of the layers of superconducting tapes 2. This vacuum is maintained by means of pumps arranged along the cable and connected thereto.
- a number of twist- ed spacers 6 are provided between the pipes 4, 5 so as to maintain the distance between said pipes 4, 5. These spacers 6 are made of plastics.
- a number of layers of aluminium film 7 can optionally be provided below the spacers 6.
- the corrugations of the pipes 4, 5 serve to provide a predetermined flexibility of the completed cable.
- the outer pipe 5 is covered by a layer of dielectric 8 material. This dielectric layer has not been cooled, but has the ambient temperature.
- the dielectric layer 8 may for instance be made of polypropylene or polyethylene.
- the dielectric layer 8 is covered by a sheath of for instance copper or lead or aluminium and yet another sheath of polyethylene 9.
- a lubricant 11 admixed solid particles 12 are applied prior to, during or after the application of the superconducting tapes 2 in such a manner that a thin film is formed on the surface of said superconducting tapes 2.
- the lubricant 11 has the property of reducing the friction when the cable is being manipulated or bent within the temperature interval -20 °C to +60°C, said lubricant 11 being fluid and not particularly viscous within said temperature interval.
- the lubricant hardens at comparatively lower temperatures, such as 110°K to 4.2°K and presents therefore a large mechanical resistance at these temperatures.
- the admixed solid particles 12 have the property of reducing the static friction at the tape or wire surface. Some of the powder 12 presents a round or close to round particle shape with the result that a function is obtained which corresponds substantially to a roller bearing function. Some of the particles 12 can have the property of maintaining the lubricant 11 in place through capillary forces, also in a non-horizon- tal section of the cable without making the mixture too viscous.
- the lubricant 11 and the admixed particles 12 can furthermore serve to increase the thermal conductivity in such a manner that the thermal conductivity between the conductors and the passing coolant is increased.
- lubricants are silicone oil, peanut oil or petroleum gelly or engine oil or organic grease or "lubricating gelly" or other lubricants of a suitable viscosity for a predetermined temperature interval and admixed particles 12 of Al-oxide, Zr-oxide, Mg-oxide, B-nitride, wolfram carbide or ceramic particles or metal particles or plastic particles or a mixture of several of these types of particles.
- the particles 12 present a suitable size distribution in such a manner that round particles are of a size of 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and small particles are of a size of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the amount of particles and the size distribution are selected such that the mixture does not flow in the cable when said cable is vertically held at said high temperature interval, and such that the mixture is sufficiently fluid for allowing the tapes 2 to slide at a possible bending of said cable.
- the small particle fraction is not necessary.
- Fig. 3 shows the cross section of each tape.
- the total width is approximately 4 mm and the total thickness is approximately 0.2 mm.
- the thickness of each filament is 0.02 mm.
- the filament arrangement can be random or be oriented in rows and columns. There are typically 1 to 1000 filaments in the finished tape.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU11303/01A AU1130301A (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-27 | Method of producing a superconducting cable |
EP00972636A EP1234311A1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-27 | Method of producing a superconducting cable |
JP2001535184A JP2003513422A (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-27 | Superconducting cable manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA199901547 | 1999-10-29 | ||
DKPA199901547 | 1999-10-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001033578A1 true WO2001033578A1 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
Family
ID=8105951
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DK2000/000598 WO2001033578A1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2000-10-27 | Method of producing a superconducting cable |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1234311A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003513422A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1384967A (en) |
AU (1) | AU1130301A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001033578A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002015629A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Fujikura Ltd | Superconductive cable |
US7149560B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2006-12-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ldt. | Superconducting cable and superconducting cable line |
US10371910B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Optical communications cables utilizing topological insulators as optical fiber cores |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100496996B1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-23 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Structure of maintaining high vacuum rate in the superconduction cable |
KR100706494B1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-04-10 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Superconducting cable |
EP1887584B1 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2008-07-16 | Nexans | System with a superconducting cable |
CN106298062B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-09-29 | 重庆泰山电缆有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature superconductor direct current submarine cable |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4093817A (en) * | 1975-04-23 | 1978-06-06 | Gesellschaft Fur Kernforschung M.B.H. | Superconductor |
EP0169596A1 (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-29 | Lips United B.V. | Method for the manufacture of a superconductor in the form of a single-filament or multi-filament wire or tape |
EP0341688A1 (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1989-11-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A method for manufacturing electrically conductive substances with a lubricant composition |
JPH03230422A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-10-14 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of aluminium stabilized superconducting wire |
JPH06349346A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Oxide superconductor for power transportation |
US5952614A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1999-09-14 | Siemens Ag | A.C. cable with stranded electrical conductors |
-
2000
- 2000-10-27 WO PCT/DK2000/000598 patent/WO2001033578A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-27 JP JP2001535184A patent/JP2003513422A/en active Pending
- 2000-10-27 CN CN00814872A patent/CN1384967A/en active Pending
- 2000-10-27 AU AU11303/01A patent/AU1130301A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-27 EP EP00972636A patent/EP1234311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4093817A (en) * | 1975-04-23 | 1978-06-06 | Gesellschaft Fur Kernforschung M.B.H. | Superconductor |
EP0169596A1 (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-29 | Lips United B.V. | Method for the manufacture of a superconductor in the form of a single-filament or multi-filament wire or tape |
EP0341688A1 (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1989-11-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A method for manufacturing electrically conductive substances with a lubricant composition |
JPH03230422A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-10-14 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Manufacture of aluminium stabilized superconducting wire |
JPH06349346A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-22 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Oxide superconductor for power transportation |
US5952614A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1999-09-14 | Siemens Ag | A.C. cable with stranded electrical conductors |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 008 (E - 1152) 10 January 1992 (1992-01-10) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 03 28 April 1995 (1995-04-28) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002015629A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-18 | Fujikura Ltd | Superconductive cable |
JP4722258B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2011-07-13 | 株式会社フジクラ | Superconducting cable |
US7149560B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2006-12-12 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ldt. | Superconducting cable and superconducting cable line |
US10371910B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Optical communications cables utilizing topological insulators as optical fiber cores |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1130301A (en) | 2001-05-14 |
CN1384967A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
EP1234311A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
JP2003513422A (en) | 2003-04-08 |
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