WO2001030952A1 - Procede de lavage utilisant un produit effervescent ajoute avant l'agitation - Google Patents

Procede de lavage utilisant un produit effervescent ajoute avant l'agitation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001030952A1
WO2001030952A1 PCT/US2000/028917 US0028917W WO0130952A1 WO 2001030952 A1 WO2001030952 A1 WO 2001030952A1 US 0028917 W US0028917 W US 0028917W WO 0130952 A1 WO0130952 A1 WO 0130952A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acid
water
detergent
source
detergent composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/028917
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English (en)
Inventor
Erin Meredith Lilley
Jyoti Varadarajan
Darla Bonar Kettenacker
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority to MXPA02004211A priority Critical patent/MXPA02004211A/es
Priority to EP00972273A priority patent/EP1224250A1/fr
Priority to BR0015131-9A priority patent/BR0015131A/pt
Priority to JP2001533936A priority patent/JP2003513152A/ja
Priority to CA002386253A priority patent/CA2386253A1/fr
Priority to AU10957/01A priority patent/AU1095701A/en
Publication of WO2001030952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001030952A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0052—Gas evolving or heat producing compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
    • C11D2111/12—Soft surfaces, e.g. textile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to washing methods utilizing a laundry detergent composition containing an effervescent particle system
  • Granular or "dry” laundry detergent products offer a number of advantages over laundry detergent products in liquid form These advantages include enhanced formulation capability and flexibility, lower-cost packaging, higher product stability and superior overall cleaning and functional performance per unit cost
  • Granular detergent compositions have other disadvantages as well For example, when used in an automatic washing machine, liquid detergents immediately begin to mix with water to form a detergent solution By contrast, granular detergents do not readily mix with water but instead are almost entirely dependent upon the mechanical energy supplied by action of the washing machine agitator to disperse the detergent granules throughout the volume of water and to promote the dissolution and mixing of the detergent granules with water
  • granular detergent compositions consisting essentially of an effervescence granule and a detergent matrix are utilized in a method of laundering soiled textile articles comprising an initial step of adding a granular detergent composition consisting essentially of an effervescence granule and a detergent matrix to water to form an aqueous wash liquor comprising from about 400 ppm to about 600000 ppm of the granular detergent composition
  • the effervescence granule comprises an alkali-source and an acid-source and upon contact of the granular detergent composition with water a reaction occurs between the alkali-source and the acid-source occurs to produce an effervescent gas
  • the wash liquor is distributed substantially evenly and completely onto the textile articles in their substantially dry state a cleaning-effective amount of the wash liquor
  • the granular detergent composition is placed in a package along with instructions for use m a method of laundering soiled textile articles, wherein the instructions comprise performing a first step of mixing water and a granular detergent composition consisting essentially of an effervescence granule and a detergent matrix to form an aqueous wash liquor comprising from about 400 ppm to about 600000 ppm of the granular detergent composition and then distributing substantially evenly and completely onto the textile articles in their substantially dry state a cleaning-effective amount of the wash liquor
  • the present invention consists of a method for using granular detergent compositions containing effervescence components in an aqueous wash process that is preferably performed in a conventional automatic washing machine
  • the method provides cleaning performance superior to that provided by other granular detergent compositions. Because the method employs these granular detergent formulations that readily dissolve upon contact with water, the cleaning benefits of the method and detergent begin immediately upon contacting the detergent with water without the need of mechanical agitation Thus not only does this method increase the time (by perhaps several minutes) that the cleaning benefits of the detergent composition are available, it also causes a momentary increase in the concentration of the detergent in the wash liquor at the beginning of a wash cycle which in turn increases the cleaning benefits of the detergent on clothing and fabrics items immersed in the wash liquor
  • the effervescence may also provide auditory and visual signals to the consumer indicating the cleaning benefits of the detergent composition
  • Visual signals may include the rapid and vigorous formation and movement of bubbles while the auditory signals would be a "popping" or “fizzing” resulting from the effervescence
  • a consumer configures the settings on a washing machine according to a variety of factors including the degree and type of soiling of the fabrics, the nature of the soils, the fabric type, the fabric load and the like according to the needs of the user
  • the consumer then activates the washing machine and the first cycle of the washing process begins whereby flows into an automatic washing machine through an inlet and then into a drum positioned inside the automatic washing machine
  • the cleaning processes described herein takes place within this drum, which has a rotating agitator arranged on either a substantially horizontal or substantially vertical axis positioned at the center of the drum
  • the amount of water which is poured into the drum should be an amount that is at least sufficient to distribute substantially evenly and completely onto the textiles or fabrics articles to be laundered Generally the drum will be filled with about 45 liters to about 100 liters of water
  • a measured portion of the granular detergent composition as taught herein may be added at the same time that the tub is being filled with water
  • the water and granular detergent composition mix in the tub to form a wash
  • the consumer may wait until the water level in the drum has reached a height of about 0 5 cm, preferably about 5 cm, more preferably about 30 cm inches (as measured from the base of the drum) before adding the textiles and fabric articles Alternatively, instead of monitoring the height of the water level in the drum the consumer may begin adding the textiles and fabric articles within 5 minutes, preferably within 30 seconds of adding the effervescent- containing detergent to the water in drum Additional water (up to the predetermined maximum level as set by the consumer) flows into the drum as the fabric articles are added, pieferably all of the fabric articles are added to the wash liquor before the predetermined maximum level After the drum has been filled with sufficient water to reach this maximum level, the water flow is terminated and the "wash" cycle then begins as mechanical energy is imparted to the wash liquor (and thus indirectly to the textiles themselves) by the rotating agitator
  • the textiles to be cleaned are immersed in the wash liquor after the drum has been filled with water to its maximum, predetermined level
  • the wash liquor is drained from the wash tub and fresh water is added to the tub to rinse the detergent suds and film which has accumulated on the textiles
  • This water is then removed from the rotating drum and to remove as much excess water as possible, the textiles may enter a "spin" cycle whereby they can be spun dry by the high-speed rotation of the drum
  • This pretreatment piocedure comprises applying a pretreatment composition to the stained area and then applying a gentle brushing motion to distribute the pretreatment composition around the stained area of the garment
  • the pretreatment composition may or may not then be rinsed off the stained area with water
  • the pretreatment composition may be either a specially-formulated detergent pretreatment composition or a consumer may make a small amount of a pretreatment paste by mixing the granular detergent compositions taught herein with water and then applying the paste directly to the stained area
  • the granular detergent compositions of the present invention are also suitable for use in low-water wash processes, such process are most typically found in "high-efficiency" automatic washing machines
  • a low-water wash process the total amount of wash and rinse water employed in all cycles of a commercially available washing machine is not more than 120 liters, preferably less than 100 liters
  • the nonaqueous liquid detergent composition used is these low-water wash processes is used at a concentration amount in said aqueous solution of from about 2000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, wherein the water volume during any individual cycle of the wash process is from about 10 liters to about 35 liters
  • the water used during the wash process is always at a temperature of less than about 30°C
  • the fabric to water weight ratio during the process is from about 1 1 to about 1 9 and said fabrics undergo a wash time of from about 8 minutes to about 16 minutes
  • the effervescence particle comprises one or more effervescence components such that on contact of the effervescence particle with water, effervescence is produced
  • This effervescence may be as a result of gas trapped in the matrix of the particle being released when the particle contacts water, or more usually, is the result of a reaction which takes place between two or more reactants present in the effervescence particle which, on contact with water react with one another to produce a gas
  • the reactants are provided by an acid-source and an alkali-source
  • Suitable acid sources include solid organic, mineral or inorganic acids, salts or derivatives thereof or mixtures thereof It may be preferred that the acids are mono-, bi- or t ⁇ -protonic acids
  • Such acids include mono- or polycarboxyhc acids preferably citric acid, adipic acid, gluta ⁇ c acid, 3-chetogluta ⁇ c acid, citrama c acid, tarta ⁇ c acid, maleic acid, fuma ⁇ c acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid
  • Such acids are preferably used in their acidic form
  • Derivatives also include esters of the acids
  • Preferred acids include citric acid and malic acid Citric acid is particularly preferred
  • the acid-source is preferably present in the effervescence particles at a level of from 0 1% to 99% by weight of the total particle, preferably from 3% to 80%, more preferably from 10% to 75% and most preferably from 15% to 70%
  • at least 80 wt% of the acid- source has a particle size of from about 150 ⁇ m to about 1200 ⁇ m, or up to l OOO ⁇ m or 710 ⁇ m
  • any alkali-source may be used in the effervescence particle
  • Carbonate alkali-sources are particularly preferred, for example including carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate and percarbonate salts, in particular bicarbonate and/or carbonate
  • Preferred carbonates to be used herein include carbonate and hydrogen carbonates which should be present in the effervescence particle in a from which can react with the acid-source
  • the alkali-source should be water soluble, or of very fine particle size such that a reaction with the acid-source takes place readily on contact of the effervescence particle with water Salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals are suitable Water-soluble salts such as salts of potassium, lithium, sodium, and the like are preferred amongst which sodium and potassium carbonate are particularly preferred
  • Suitable bicarbonates to be used herein include any alkali metal salt of bicarbonate like lithium, sodium, potassium and the like, amongst which sodium and potassium bicarbonate are preferred Bicarbonate may be preferred to carbonate,
  • the carbonate source is preferably present in the effervescence particles at a level of from 0 1% to 99%o by weight of the total, preferably from 30% to 95%, more preferably from 45% to 85% and most preferably from 50% to 80% by weight of the effervescence particle
  • at least 80 wt% or more of the carbonate source has a particle size in the range of from about 50 ⁇ m to about 1200 ⁇ m or even from 150 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m
  • the weight ratio of acid-source to alkali-source, preferably carbonate and/or bicarbonate, in the effervescence particle is generally from 0 1 to 10, preferably from 0 5 to 2 5 and more preferably from 1 to 2
  • the effervescence particle is substantially anhydrous such that the overall moisture content (including both bound I e water of crystallisation, and unbound I e free moisture) is less than 0 1 wt% of the effervescence particle More particularly, where the effervescence component comprises both acid-source and alkali-source, preferably at least the acid-source used for forming the effervescence particle has an overall moisture content less than 0 1 wt%, more preferably less than 0 05 wt% and most preferably less than 0 01 wt% More preferably, the alkali-source also has an overall moisture content less than 0 1 wt% , more preferably less than 0 05 wt% and most preferably less than 0 01 wt%
  • the effervescence particles have a particle size such that the mean diameter is from 0 001 mm to 7 mm, preferably less than 2 mm
  • the diameter measurements can be determined by sieving a sample of the granules into a number of fractions (typically 5 fractions) on a series of sieves, with various diameter or aperture size
  • the mean diameter size of the granules can be calculated by plotting the weight fractions, obtained by the sieving, against the aperture size of the sieves
  • the mean particle size is taken to be the aperture size through which 50%o by weight of the sample would pass
  • the bulk density of the effervescence particles is preferably from 500 g/1 to 1200 g/1, more preferably from 700 g/1 to 1 100 g/1
  • the effervescence particles may optionally comprise additional ingredients Generally, the effervescence particles comprise no more than 50 wt% of the particle of additional ⁇ ngred ⁇ ent(s), preferably no more than 35 wt%> and more preferably no more than 20% or 10% It may be particularly preferred to have a highly active particle comprising no more than 5 wt% or even no more than 2 wt% of additional ingredients besides the components which contribute to the gas production release Suitable additional ingredients may comprise any detergent ingredients which are described below Particularly suitable are surfactants or organic or inorganic builder components, preferably those which are water soluble such as those described below
  • the effervescence particles used in the present invention are preferably prepared by mixing the effervescence component(s) which contribute to gas production/release, with any additional ingredients to produce an intimate mixture and then submitting the mixture to a granulation step to form particles Any granulation process may be used, however, in order to maintain high active levels in the finished effervescence particles, the granulation should preferably take place substantially without addition of any free moisture to the mixture
  • a preferred agglomeration step comprises a pressure agglomeration step to form an agglomerate mixture, followed if necessary by a granulation step in which the agglomerate is formed into the effervescence particles for use in the detergent compositions of the invention
  • the substantially dry mixture comprising the effervescence components and any optional additional ingredients is exposed to high external forces that bring the particles closely together thereby densifying the bulk mass of said particles and creating binding mechanisms between the components in the mixture
  • pressure agglomeration results in an aggregation mechanism which is characterised by the presence of inter-particle bonds between primary solid effervescent particles and a structure in which these effervescence particles are still identifiable and retain many of their characteristics, e g the ability to react together in presence of water to deliver carbon dioxide
  • the increase of density associated with the preferred processes for making the effervescence particles for use in the present invention is closely linked to the pressure applied Typically, the bulk density will increase up to 200g/l, preferably from 10 g/1 to 150 g/1, starting from the density of the mixture comprising the effervescent raw materials, 1 e , acid and the carbonate source, and optionally the binder, before having undergone a pressure agglomeration
  • Pressure agglomeration may be carried out using different processes which can be classified by the level of forces applied
  • a preferred process to be used herein is roller compaction
  • the effervescence components, preferably the acid-source and the alkali-source and any optional additional ingredients after having been mixed together are forced between two compaction rolls that applies a pressure to said mixture so that the rotation of the rolls transforms the mixture into a compacted sheet/flake This compacted sheet/flake is then broken up to form effervescence particles
  • Typical roller compactors for use herein are for example Pharmapaktor L200/50P® commercially available from Hosokawa Bepex GmbH
  • the process variables during the pressure agglomeration step via roller compaction are the distance between the rolls, the feed rate, the compaction pressure and the roll speed
  • a typical feeding device is a feed screw
  • the distance between the rolls is typically from 0 5 cm to 10 cm, preferably from 3 to 7 cm, more preferably from 4 to 6 cm
  • the pressing force is typically between 20 kN and 120 kN, preferably from 30 kN to l OOkN, more preferably from 50 kN to 100 kN
  • the roll speed is between 1 rpm and 180 rpm, preferably from 2 rpm to 50 rpm and more preferably from 2 rpm to 35 rpm
  • the feed rate is between 1 rpm and 100 rpm, preferably from 5 rpm to 70 rpm, more preferably from 8 rpm to 50 rpm
  • the sheet/flake produced by the pressure agglomeration process is broken up into effervescence particles by any suitable method for reducing the size of the sheet/flake to form particles, for example, by cutting, chopping or breaking the sheet/flake to produce the required length, and if necessary, by a process to make the particles rounded l e to obtain round or spherical granules according to the diameter size as defined herein before
  • one way to break up the sheet/flake after the roller compaction step is to mill the compacted flake/sheet Milling may typically be carried out with a Flake Crusher FC 200® commercially available from Hosokawa Bepex GmbH
  • the milled material may be sieved further Such a sieving of the dry effervescent granules can be carried out, for example with a commercially available Alpine Airjet Screen ® Detergent Matrix
  • the present inventors have found that for stability and maximum efficacy of effervescence in water in the wash conditions, it is not simply the properties of the effervescence particle which are critical. Thus, by careful selection and processing of the detergent matrix itself, improved properties can be achieved. This enables binders, which may adversely affect dissolution rates of the effervescence particle, to be used in reduced amounts or preferably omitted altogether.
  • the detergent matrix which comprises a pre-formed detergent matrix component comprising surfactant, and optional additional detergent ingredients, has an eRH no greater than 30%.
  • the eRH is no greater than 25%, more preferably no greater than 20% or even no greater than 15% or 12% or even 10%.
  • the eRH is measured using a RotronicTM Hygroskop DT calibrated according to the manufacturers instructions as set out in the Rotronic Hygroskop application leaflet 2/E Spi/S dated 3.1.83, using dilute solutions of sodium chloride. All measurements are taken at 25°C.
  • the low eRH of the detergent matrix has a surprising effect on the stability of the effervescence particles. Whilst not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that this is because the detergent matrix not only does not contribute moisture to the effervescence particle leading to release of effervescence on storage, but in addition acts as a moisture sink so that moisture from the atmosphere contacting the detergent on storage, has a diminished adverse effect on the stability of the effervescence particle.
  • the detergent matrix has a free moisture content of no greater than 2wt%, preferably no greater than 1 wt%, and even more preferably no greater than 0.5 or 0.1 or 0.05 wt%o.
  • This low free moisture content may be achieved by drying one or more than one, or all of the components in the detergent matrix.
  • the detergent matrix component and one or more optional additional ingredients may be pre-mixed before drying or may be dried after mixing. Additional detergent matrix component and/or optional additional ingredients may then be combined with these pre-dried components without an additional drying step.
  • the overall eRH of the detergent matrix should be below 30%.
  • the free moisture content of the detergent matrix should be below 2wt% or even 1 wt% or 0.5 or 0.01 wt%.
  • the detergent matrix comprises a detergent matrix component
  • Such component comprises a pre-formed particulate which may be in the form of a powder, particle, flake or other solid form, comprising surfactant and optional additional detergent ingredients
  • the surfactant may be anionic, nomonic, catiomc, amphote ⁇ c, zwitte ⁇ onic or mixtures thereof
  • Preferred detergent matrix components comprise anionic, no onic and/or catiomc surfactants
  • matrix components which comprise anionic surfactant may be particularly useful Suitable surfactants are described in more detail below
  • the surfactant content of a pre-formed matrix component is preferably from 5 to 80 % by weight of the matrix component Amounts of surfactants above 10 or even above 30% may be preferred Amounts of surfactant below 70% or even below 50% may be preferred
  • the solid material may be filler such as sulphates, in particular sodium sulphate, but more preferably comprises at least one detergent ingredient, in particular, builder or alkalinity components, or mixtures of such components Suitable examples include phosphate, alummosihcate, crystalline layered silicates, sodium carbonate or amorphous silicates These materials are described below in more detail For example, each of these components individually, or in mixtures may be present in amounts above 5%, preferably above 10% or even above 20% by weight of the content of the pre-formed matrix component Particularly preferred builder components are sodium carbonate and/or zeolite Zeolite A and zeolite MAP are both suitable
  • a pre-formed matrix component preferably also comprises an organic builder such as a poly carboxylic acid and/or salt such as citric acid, tartanc acid, malic acid, succinic acid and their salts or a polymeric polycarboxylate such as polymers based on acrylic acids or maleic acids or co-polymers thereof
  • organic builder such as a poly carboxylic acid and/or salt such as citric acid, tartanc acid, malic acid, succinic acid and their salts or a polymeric polycarboxylate such as polymers based on acrylic acids or maleic acids or co-polymers thereof
  • chelants such as phosphonate chelants NTA, DTPA and succinic acid derivative chelants, as described below
  • these components are preferably present in a pre-formed particulate component in amounts below 5 wt % or even below 2 wt % of the matrix component
  • the detergent matrix may comprise one or more pre-formed detergent matrix components Suitable pre-formed components may have been formed by spray-drying, agglomeration, marume ⁇ sation, extrusion or compaction, all of which methods for combining detergent ingredients are well-known in the art
  • Particularly preferred pre-formed matrix components are powders obtained from spray-drymg processes, agglomerates and extrudates Spray-dried powders are particularly useful
  • Detergent matrix components made according to at least one low shear mixing step, for example in a fluidised bed, for example by fluid bed agglomeration are also preferred
  • Suitable spray-drymg processes for forming such pre-formed detergent matrix components are described for example in EP-A-763594 or EP-A-437888 Suitable processes for forming detergent matrix components which are agglomerates are described for example in W093/25378, EP-A-367339, EP-A-420317 or EP-A-506184 Suitable moderate to low shear mixers may be for example a Lodige KM (trademark) (Ploughshare) moderate speed mixer, or mixer made by Fukae, Draes, Schugi or similar brand mixers which mix with only moderate to low shear
  • the Lodige KM (ploughshare) moderate speed mixer which is a preferred mixer for use in the present invention comprises a horizontal hollow static cylinder having a centrally mounted rotating shaft around which several plough-shaped blades are attached Preferably, the shaft rotates at a speed of from about 15 rpm to about 140 rpm, more preferably from about 80 rpm to about 120 rpm The grinding or pulverizing is accomplished by
  • the mean residence time of the various starting detergent ingredients in the low or moderate speed mixer is preferably in range from about 0 1 minutes to about 15 minutes, most preferably the residence time is about 0 5 to about 5 minutes In this way, the density of the resulting detergent agglomerates is at the desired level
  • suitable mixers for use in the present invention are low or very low shear mixers such as rotating bowl agglomerators, drum agglomerators, pan agglomerators and fluid bed agglomerators
  • Fluid bed agglomerators are particularly preferred Typical fluidised bed agglomerators are operated at a superficial air velocity of from 0 4 to 4 m/s, either under positive or negative pressure
  • Inlet air temperatures generally range from -10 or 5°C up to 250°C However inlet air temperatures are generally below 200°C, or even below 150°C Suitable processes for forming detergent matrix components by extrusion are described for example in W091/02047
  • the detergent matrix may comprise only one pre-formed component as described or it may comprise a mixture of components, for example mixtures of different spray dried powders or of different agglomerates etc or mixtures of combinations of agglomerates, spray dried powders and/or extrudates etc as described above
  • the detergent matrix component or mixture thereof will have undergone drying to provide the required low moisture content.
  • drying may be provided in any conventional drying step, or may be the result of more thorough drying than is conventional using the usual processing route.
  • an extra drying step may be provided in which the agglomerates/spray dried powders/extrudates etc are dried by any convenient means Suitable examples include drying ovens and fluidised bed dryers.
  • the detergent matrix powder may be passed through such a drying oven on a conveyor or other convenient means.
  • the free moisture in the detergent matrix component will be dried to below 1 wt%, more preferably below 0.5 wt%, or even below 0.1 or 0.05 wt% of the detergent matrix component
  • the eRH for a particular detergent matrix must be measured in order to ensure the appropriate eRH is achieved.
  • the detergent matrix component is over-dried (i.e. at least some of the bound water which is naturally associated with one or more of the chemical constituents of the component is at least partially removed).
  • Particularly preferred detergent matrix components are spray dried powders Additional Detergent Ingredients
  • the detergent matrix may comprise one or more additional detergent ingredients These may comprise detergent raw materials or may be pre-formed particulates made by processing at least one detergent ingredient with other ingredients which may be active or inactive in the detergent to form a solid particulate
  • any particulate detergent ingredient is suitable
  • These may be solid surfactants or soaps, or water soluble or dispersible polymeric materials, enzymes, bleaching components such as bleach activators or bleach salts such as peroxy salts
  • any of the ingredients listed below may be added either as individual solid particulates or as preformed particulates. These additional detergent ingredients must be incorporated into the detergent matrix if needed, having undergone a drying step Whether a drying step is needed depends upon the form and level of incorporation of the individual additional ingredient materials and the eRH which they and the detergent matrix component and other ingredients provide in the overall detergent matrix The final detergent matrix must have an eRH below 30% Detergent Ingredients
  • Surfactant Suitable surfactants for use in the invention are anionic, nomonic, ampholytic, and zwitte ⁇ onic classes of these surfactants, is given m U S P 3,929,678 issued to Laughhn and Heu ⁇ ng on December 30, 1975 Further examples are given in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents" (Vol I and II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch) A list of suitable catiomc surfactants is given in U S P 4,259,217 issued to Murphy on March 31 , 1981
  • the detergent compositions of the present invention and compositions comprising such particles comprises an additional anionic surfactant
  • any anionic surfactants useful for detersive purposes can be comprised in the detergent composition These can include salts (including, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts such as mono-, di- and t ⁇ ethanolamine salts) of the anionic sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate and sarcosinate surfactants
  • Anionic sulfate and sulfonate surfactants are preferred
  • the anionic surfactants may be present in the detergent matrix component in amounts below 25 wt % or even below 20 wt % but in a final detergent composition comprising the particle, is preferably present at a level of from 0 1% to 60%, more preferably from 1 to 40%, most preferably from 5% to 30% by weight
  • anionic surfactants include the anionic carboxylate surfactants such as alkyl ethoxy carboxylates, alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylates and soaps ("alkyl carboxyls") such as water- soluble members selected from the group consisting of the water-soluble salts of 2-methyl-l - undecanoic acid, 2-ethyl-l-decano ⁇ c acid, 2-propyl-l-nonano ⁇ c acid, 2-butyl-l-octano ⁇ c acid and 2-pentyl-l -heptano ⁇ c acid Certain soaps may also be included as suds suppressors
  • Other suitable anionic surfactants are the alkali metal sarcosinates of fo ⁇ nula R-CON (R ⁇ ) CH2 COOM, wherein R is a C5-C17 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, R' is a C1 -C4 alkyl group and
  • M is an alkali metal ion
  • anionic surfactants include lsethionates such as the acyl lsethionates, N-acyl taurates, fatty acid amides of methyl tau ⁇ de, alkyl succinates and sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinate (especially saturated and unsaturated C. --C. - monoesters) diesters of sulfosuccinate (especially saturated and unsaturated C,-C. . diesters), N- acyl sarcosinates
  • Resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids are also suitable, such as rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids present in or derived from tallow oil
  • Anionic sulfate surfactants suitable for use herein include the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxysulfates, fatty oleoyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, the C5-C17 acyl-N-(C ⁇ -C4 alkyl) and -N-(C] -C2 hydroxyalkyl) glucamine sulfates, and sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as the sulfates of alkylpolyglucoside (the nomonic nonsulfated compounds being described herein).
  • Alkyl sulfate surfactants are preferably selected from the linear and branched primary Ci Q-C I g alkyl sulfates, more preferably the Ci 1 -Ci 5 branched chain alkyl sulfates and the C12-C14 linear chain alkyl sulfates.
  • Alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactants are preferably selected from the group consisting of the Ci Q-C I g alkyl sulfates which have been ethoxylated with from 0.5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule.
  • the alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactant is a C ⁇ )-C ⁇ g, most preferably Ci 1 -C15 alkyl sulfate which has been ethoxylated with from 0.5 to 7, preferably from 1 to 5, moles of ethylene oxide per molecule.
  • Preferred surfactant combinations are mixtures of the preferred alkyl sulfate and/ or sulfonate and alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactants optionally with catiomc surfactant Such mixtures have been disclosed in PCT Patent Application No. WO 93/18124.
  • Anionic sulfonate surfactants suitable for use herein include the salts of C5-C20 linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl ester sulfonates, C -C22 primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, -C24 olefin sulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxyhc acids, alkyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfonates, and any mixtures thereof
  • any alkoxylated nomonic surfactant or mixture is suitable herein
  • the ethoxylated and propoxylated nomonic surfactants are preferred
  • Preferred alkoxylated surfactants can be selected from the classes of the nomonic condensates of alkyl phenols, nomonic ethoxylated alcohols, no onic ethoxylated/propoxylated fatty alcohols, no onic ethoxylate/propoxylate condensates with propylene glycol, and the nomonic ethoxylate condensation products with propylene oxide/ethylene diamine adducts
  • condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with from 1 to 25 moles of alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, are particularly suitable for use herein Particularly preferred are the condensation products of straight or branched, primary or secondary alcohols having an alkyl group containing from 6 to 22 carbon atoms with from 2 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol
  • Polyhydroxy fatty acid amides suitable for use herein are those having the structural formula R ⁇ CONR ⁇ Z wherein : Rl is H, Ci -C4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, ethoxy, propoxy, or a mixture thereof, preferable C j -C4 alkyl, and R2 is a C5-C3 ] hydrocarbyl, and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof Z preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive animation reaction, more preferably Z is a glycityl
  • alkylpolysaccharides for use herein are disclosed in U S Patent 4,565,647, Llenado, issued January 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and a polysaccha ⁇ de, e g , a polyglycoside, hydrophihc group containing from 1 3 to 10 saccha ⁇ de units
  • Preferred alkylpolyglycosides have the formula
  • R2 ⁇ (C n H 2n O)t(glycosyl) x wherein R ⁇ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the alkyl groups contain from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 2 or 3, t is from 0 to 10, and x is from 1 3 to 8
  • the glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose
  • Suitable amphote ⁇ c surfactants for use herein include the amine oxide surfactants and the alkyl amphocarboxylic acids
  • Suitable amme oxides include those compounds having the formula R (OR ) x N ⁇ (R )2 wherein R3 is selected from an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, acylamidopropoyl and alkyl phenyl group, or mixtures thereof, containing from 8 to 26 carbon atoms, R ⁇ is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, x is from 0 to
  • each R ⁇ > is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 3, or a polyethylene oxide group containing from 1 to 3 ethylene oxide groups Preferred are C J Q-
  • Zwitte ⁇ omc surfactants can also be incorporated into the detergent compositions in accord with the invention
  • These surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocychc secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds Betaines such as C i2-i g dimethyl-ammomo hexanoate and the C j Q .i acylamidopropane (or ethane) dimethyl
  • Suitable catiomc surfactants to be used herein include the quaternary ammonium surfactants
  • the quaternary ammonium surfactant is a mono Cg-Cj g, preferably Cg-
  • N-alkyl or alkenyl ammonium surfactants wherein the remaining N positions are substituted by methyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl groups
  • Preferred are also the mono-alkoxylated and bis-alkoxylated amine surfactants
  • Catiomc ester surfactants such as chohne ester surfactants, have for example been disclosed in US Patents No s 4228042, 4239660 and 4260529 are also suitable as are catiomc mono-alkoxylated amme surfactants
  • the levels of the catiomc mono-alkoxylated amine surfactants in the detergent compositions of the invention are generally from 0 1% to 20%, preferably from 0 2% to 7%, most preferably from 0 3% to 3 0% by weight
  • Catiomc bis-alkoxylated amine surfactant such as
  • R is Ci -C j hydrocarbyl and mixtures thereof, preferably C J Q, C j 2,
  • Cj4 alkyl and mixtures thereof X is any convenient a on to provide charge balance, preferably chloride
  • the detergent compositions of the invention preferably comprise a bleach activator, preferably comprising an organic peroxyacid bleach precursor It may be preferred that the composition comprises at least two peroxy acid bleach precursors, preferably at least one hydrophobic peroxyacid bleach precursor and at least one hydrophihc peroxy acid bleach precursor, as defined herein
  • the production of the organic peroxyacid occurs then by an in situ reaction of the precursor with a source of hydrogen peroxide
  • the bleach activator may alternatively, or in addition comprise a preformed peroxy acid bleach
  • the bleach activator is present as a separate, admixed particle
  • any bleach activator is present in a particulate component having an average particle size, by weight, of from 600 microns to 1400 microns, preferably from 700 microns to 1 100 microns It may be preferred that at least 80%, preferably at least 90% or even at least 95 % or even substantially 100% of the component or components comprising the bleach activator have a particle size of from 300 microns to 1700 microns, preferably from 425 microns to 1400 microns
  • Preferred hydrophobic peroxy acid bleach precursor preferably comprise a compound having an oxy-benzene sulphonate group, preferably NOBS, DOBS, LOBS and/ or NACA-OBS
  • Preferred hydrophihc peroxy acid bleach precursors preferably comprises TAED Peroxyacid Bleach Precursor
  • Peroxyacid bleach precursors are compounds which react with hydrogen peroxide in a perhydrolysis reaction to produce a peroxyacid
  • peroxyacid bleach precursors may be represented as X-C(0)-L where L is a leaving group and X is essentially any functionality, such that on perhydroloysis the structure of the peroxyacid produced is
  • hydrophobic peroxyacid bleach precursors produce a peroxy acid of the formula above wherein X is a group comprising at least 6 carbon atoms and a hydrophihc peroxyacid bleach precursor produces a peroxyacid bleach of the formula above wherein X is a group comprising 1 to 5 carbon atoms
  • L group The leaving group, hereinafter L group, must be sufficiently reactive for the perhydrolysis reaction to occur within the optimum time frame (e g , a wash cycle) However, if L is too reactive, this activator will be difficult to stabilize for use in a bleaching composition Suitable and preferred L groups are discussed in greater detail in the copending application of Hall et al , entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No 09/230,877 and being filed on February 1 , 1999, which is hereby incorporated by reference
  • Peroxyacid bleach precursor compounds are preferably incorporated in final detergent compositions at a level of from 0 5% to 30% by weight, more preferably from 1% to 15% by weight, most preferably from 1 5% to 10% by weight
  • the ratio of hydrophihc to hydrophobic bleach precursors, when present, is preferably from 10 1 to 1 10, more preferably from 5,1 to 1 5 or even from 3 1 to 1 3
  • Suitable peroxyacid bleach precursor compounds typically contain one or more N- or O-acyl groups, which precursors can be selected from a wide range of classes Suitable classes include anhydrides, esters, imides, lactams and acylated derivatives of imidazoles and oximes Examples of useful materials within these classes are disclosed in GB-A-1586789 Suitable esters are disclosed in GB-A-836988, 864798, 1 147871 , 2143231 and EP-A-0170386 Alkyl percarboxyhc acid bleach precursors form percarboxyhc acids on perhydro
  • Amide substituted alkyl peroxyacid precursor compounds are suitable herein, including those of the following general formulae R 1 C N — R 2 C L R 1 N — C R 2 C L
  • R* is an aryl or alkaryl group with from about 1 to about 14 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ is an alkylene, arylene, and alkarylene group containing from about 1 to 14 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ is H or an alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and L can be essentially any leaving group R!
  • R ⁇ preferably contains from about 6 to 12 carbon atoms
  • R ⁇ preferably contains from about 4 to 8 carbon atoms
  • R may be straight chain or branched alkyl, substituted aryl or alkylaryl containing branching, substitution, or both and may be sourced from either synthetic sources or natural sources including for example, tallow fat Analogous structural variations are permissible for R ⁇ R2 can include alkyl, aryl, wherein said R ⁇ may also contain halogen, nitrogen, sulphur and other typical substituent groups or organic compounds
  • R-> is preferably H or methyl R* and R-> should not contain more than 18 carbon atoms total Amide substituted bleach activator compounds of this type are described in EP-A-0170386 It can be preferred that
  • bleach precursors of this type include amide substituted peroxyacid precursor compounds selected from (6-octanam ⁇ do-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanam ⁇ do- caproyl) oxybenzene- sulfonate, and the highly preferred (6-nonanam ⁇ docaproyl)oxy benzene sulfonate, and mixtures thereof as described in EP-A-0170386
  • Other preferred bleach precursoi compounds include perbenzoic acid precursors and catio c peroxyacid precursors which are described in greater detail in the copending application of Hall et al , entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No 09/230,877, incorporated above
  • Inorganic perhydrate salts are a preferred source of peroxide
  • these salts are present at a level of from 0 01% to 50% by weight, more preferably of from 0 5% to 30% by weight of the composition
  • inorganic perhydrate salts include perborate, percarbonate, perphosphate, persulfate and persihcate salts Generally these materials are prepared by crystallisation or fluidised bed processes
  • the inorganic perhydrate salts are normally the alkali metal salts
  • the inorganic perhydrate salt may be included as the crystalline solid without additional protection
  • Suitable coatings comprise inorganic salts such as alkali metal silicate, carbonate or borate salts or mixtures thereof, or organic materials such as waxes, oils, or fatty soaps
  • Sodium perborate is a preferred perhydrate salt and can be in the form of the monohydrate of nominal formula NaB ⁇ 2H2 ⁇ 2 or the tetrahydrate NaB ⁇ 2H2 ⁇ 2 3H2O
  • Alkali metal percarbonates, particularly sodium percarbonate are preferred perhydrates herein Sodium percarbonate is an addition
  • chelants refers to detergent ingredients which act to sequester (chelate) heavy metal ions These components may also have calcium and magnesium chelation capacity, but preferentially they show selectivity to binding heavy metal ions such as iron, manganese and copper Chelants are generally present in the detergent matrix component and/or as dry added additional detergent ingredients so that they are present in the final detergent composition at total levels of from 0 005% to 10%, preferably from 0 1% to 5%, more preferably from 0 25% to 7 5% and most preferably from 0 3% to 2% by weight of the compositions or component
  • Suitable chelants include organic phosphonates, such as the am o alkylene poly (alkylene phosphonates), alkali metal ethane 1 -hydroxy disphosphonates and nit ⁇ lo t ⁇ methylene phosphonates, preferably, diethylene t ⁇ amine penta (methylene phosphonate), ethylene diamine t ⁇ (methylene phosphonate) hexamethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonate) and hydroxv - ethylene 1 ,1 diphosphonate, 1 ,1 hydroxyethane diphosphonic acid and 1 , 1 hydroxyethane dimethylene phosphomc acid
  • organic phosphonates such as the am o alkylene poly (alkylene phosphonates), alkali metal ethane 1 -hydroxy disphosphonates and nit ⁇ lo t ⁇ methylene phosphonates, preferably, diethylene t ⁇ amine penta (methylene phosphonate), ethylene diamine t ⁇ (methylene
  • Suitable chelants for use herein include nit ⁇ lot ⁇ acetic acid and polyaminocarboxyhc acids such as ethylenediaminotetracetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, ethylenediamine digluta ⁇ c acid, 2-hydroxypropylened ⁇ am ⁇ ne disuccinic acid or any salts thereof, and lminodiacetic acid derivatives such as 2-hydroxyethyl diacetic acid or glyceryl imino diacetic acid, described in EP-A-317,542 and EP-A-399,133
  • the lminodiacetic ac ⁇ d-N-2- hydroxypropyl sulfonic acid and aspartic acid N-carboxymethyl N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-sulfon ⁇ c acid sequestrants described in EP-A-516,102 are also suitable herein
  • the detergent compositions herein preferably contain a water-soluble builder compound, typically present in the detergent compositions at a level of from 1% to 80% by weight, preferably from 10% to 60%, most preferably from 15% to 40% by weight
  • One preferred detergent composition of the invention comprises phosphate-containing builder material, preferably present at a level of from 0 5% to 60%, more prefeiably from 5% to 50%, more preferably from 8% to 40% by weight
  • Suitable examples of water-soluble phosphate builders are the alkali metal tripolyphosphates, sodium, potassium and ammonium pyrophosphate, sodium and potassium and ammonium pyrophosphate, sodium and potassium orthophosphate, sodium polymeta/phosphate in which the degree of polymerization ranges from about 6 to 21 , and salts of phytic acid
  • the phosphate-containing builder material preferably comprises tetrasodium pyrophosphate or even more preferably anhydrous sodium t ⁇ polyphosphate
  • Suitable water-soluble builder compounds include the water soluble monome ⁇ c polycarboxylates, or their acid forms, homo or copolyme ⁇ c polycarboxyhc acids or their salts in which the polycarboxyhc acid comprises at least two carboxylic radicals separated from each other by not more that two carbon atoms, borates, and mixtures of any of the foregoing Furthei examples of suitable water-soluble builders are discussed in greater detail in the copending application of the copending application of Hall et al , entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No 09/230,877, incorporated above
  • compositions of the invention may contain a partially soluble or insoluble builder compound present in the detergent matrix component and/or the optional additional ingredients Where present, typically they will be present in the detergent compositions in a total amount of from 0 5% to 60% by weight, preferably from 5% to 50% by weight, most preferably from 8% to 40% weight
  • largely water insoluble builders include the sodium aluminosihcates
  • Suitable partially soluble or insoluble builders are disclosed in greater detail in the copending application of Hall et al , entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No 09/230,877, incorporated above Dyes, Perfumes. Enzymes, Optical B ⁇ ghteners
  • a preferred ingredient of the compositions herein are dyes and dyed particles or speckles, which can be bleach-sensitive
  • the dye as used herein can be a dye stuff or an aqueous or nonaqueous solution of a dye stuff It may be preferred that the dye is an aqueous solution comprising a dyestuff, at any level to obtain suitable dyeing of the detergent particles or speckles, preferably such that levels of dye solution are obtained up to 2% by weight of the dyed particle, or more preferably up to 0 5% by weight, as described above
  • the dye may also be mixed with a non-aqueous carrier material, such as non-aquous liquid materials including nomonic surfactants
  • the dye also comprising other ingredients such as organic binder materials, which may also be a non-aqueous liquid
  • the dyestuff can be any suitable dyestuff Specific examples of suitable dyestuffs include El 04 - food yellow 13 (qumohne yellow), El 10 - food yellow 3 (sunset yellow FCF), El 31
  • compositions of the invention is a perfume or perfume composition Any perfume composition can be used herein
  • the perfumes may also be encapsulated Preferred perfumes containing at least one component with a low molecular weight volatile component , e g having a molecular weight of from 150 to 450 or preferably 350
  • the perfume component comprises an oxygen-containing functional group
  • Preferred functional groups are aldehyde, ketone, alcohol or ether functional groups or mixtures thereof
  • additional enzymes include the commercially available lipases, cutinases, amylases, neutral and alkaline proteases, cellulases, endolases, esterases, pectinases, lactases and peroxidases conventionally incorporated into detergent compositions.
  • Suitable enzymes are discussed in US Patents 3,519,570 and 3,533,139. Further discussion of suitable and preferred enzyme species can be found in the copending application of Hall et al., entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No. 09/230,877, incorporated above.
  • Organic polymeric compounds are preferred additional herein and are preferably present as components of any particulate component such as the detergent matrix component where they may act as binders.
  • organic polymeric compound it is meant herein essentially any polymeric organic compound commonly used as dispersants, and anti-redeposition and soil suspension agents in detergent compositions, including any of the high molecular weight organic polymeric compounds described as clay flocculating agents herein, including quaternised ethoxylated (poly) amine clay-soil removal/ anti-redeposition agent in accord with the invention.
  • Organic polymeric compound is typically incorporated in the detergent compositions of the invention at a level of from 0.01% to 30%, preferably from 0.1% to 15%, most preferably from 0.5% to 10% by weight of the compositions or component.
  • suitable organic polymeric ingredients can be found in the copending application of Hall et al., entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No. 09/230,877, incorporated above.
  • Another organic compound which is a preferred clay dispersant anti-redeposition agent, for use herein, can be the ethoxylated cationic monoamines and diamines of the formula:
  • X is a nonionic group selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl ester or ether groups, and mixtures thereof, a is from 0 to 20, preferably from 0 to 4 (e.g.
  • Other dispersants/ anti-redeposition agents for use herein are described in EP-B-011965 and US 4,659,802 and US 4,664,848.
  • Polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents when present are generally in amounts from 0.01% to 10 %, preferably from 0.05% to 0.5% and are preferably selected from polyamine N- oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrohdone and N-vinyhmidazole, polyvinylpyrrolidonepolymers or combinations thereof, whereby these polymers can be cross- linked polymers
  • SRAs Polymeric soil release agents, hereinafter "SRA" can optionally be employed in the present components or compositions If utilized, SRAs will generally be used in amounts from 0 01% to 10 0%, typically from 0 1% to 5%, preferably from 0 2% to 3 0% by weight
  • Preferred SRA's typically have hydrophihc segments to hydrophihze the surface of hydrophobic fibers such as polyester and nylon, and hydrophobic segments to deposit upon hydrophobic fibers and remain adhered thereto through completion of washing and rinsing cycles, thereby serving as an anchoi for the hydrophihc segments This can enable stains occurring subsequent to treatment with the SRA to be more easily cleaned in later washing procedures
  • Preferred SRA's include oligomeric terephthalate esters, typically prepared by processes involving at least one transeste ⁇ fication/oligome ⁇ zation, often with a metal catalyst such as a t ⁇ tan ⁇ um(IV) alkoxide Such esters may be made using additional monomers capable of
  • Suitable SRAs are for example as described in U S 4,968,451 , November 6, 1990 to J J Scheibel and E P Gosselink
  • Other SRAs include the nomonic end-capped 1 ,2- propylene/polyoxyethylene terephthalate polyesters of U S 4,71 1 ,730, December 8, 1987 to Gosselink et al
  • Other examples of SRA's include the partly- and fully- amonic-end-capped oligomeric esters of U S 4,721 ,580, January 26, 1988 to Gosselink, the nonionic-capped block polyester oligomeric compounds of U S 4,702,857, October 27, 1987 to Gosselink, and the anionic, especially sulfoaroyl, end-capped terephthalate esters of U S 4,877,896, October 31 , 1989 to Maldonado, Gosselink et al SRAs also include simple copolyme ⁇ c blocks of ethylene terephthalate or propylene terephthalate with polyethylene oxide or polyprop
  • methyl cellulose ethers having an average degree of substitution (methyl) per anhydroglucose unit from about 1 6 to about 2 3 and a solution viscosity of from about 80 to about 120 centipoise measured at 20°C as a 2% aqueous solution
  • METOLOSE SMI 00 and METOLOSE SM200 which are the trade names of methyl cellulose ethers manufactured by Shm-etsu Kagaku Kogyo KK
  • Additional classes of SRAs include those described in U S 4,201,824, Violland et al and U S 4,240,918 Lagasse et al , U S 4,525,524 Tung et al , and U S 4,201 ,824, Violland et al Suds Suppressing System
  • the detergent compositions herein in particular when formulated for use in machine washing compositions, may comprise a suds suppressing system present at a level of from 0 01% to 15%, preferably from 0 02% to 10%, most preferably from 0 05% to 3% by weight of the composition or component
  • Suitable suds suppressing systems for use herein may comprise essentially any known antifoam compound, including, for example sihcone antifoam compounds and 2-alkyl alcanol antifoam compounds or soap
  • antifoam compound it is meant herein any compound or mixtures of compounds which act such as to depress the foaming or sudsing produced by a solution of a detergent composition, particularly in the presence of agitation of that solution copending application of Hall et al , entitled “Detergent Compositions", having Serial No 09/230,877, incorporated above
  • compositions contain from about 2% to about 10% by weight of an organic acid, preferably citric acid Also, preferably combined with a carbonate salt, minor amounts (e g , less than about 20% by weight) of neutralizing agents, buffering agents, phase regulants, hydrotropes, enzyme stabilizing agents, polyacids, suds regulants, opacifiers, anti- oxidants, bacte ⁇ cides and dyes, such as those described in US Patent 4,285,841 to Barrat et al , issued August 25, 1981 (herein incorporated by reference), can be present
  • an organic acid preferably citric acid
  • minor amounts e g , less than about 20% by weight
  • the detergent compositions can include as an additional component a chlorine-based bleach
  • a chlorine based bleach can be added to the detergent composition by the user at the beginning or during the washing process
  • the chlorine-based bleach is such that a hypochlorite species is formed in aqueous solution
  • the hypochlorite ion is chemically represented by the formula OCI
  • Those bleaching agents which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous solution include alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hypochlo ⁇ tes, hypochlorite addition products, chloramines, chlo ⁇ mines, chloramides, and chlorimides
  • Specific examples include sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, monobasic calcium hypochlorite, dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, chlorinated t ⁇ sodium phosphate dodeca
  • hypochlorite-yielding bleaching agents are available in solid or concentrated form and are dissolved in water during preparation of the compositions of the instant invention. Some of the above materials are available as aqueous solutions.
  • Machine laundry methods herein typically comprise treating soiled laundry with an aqueous wash solution in a washing machine having dissolved or dispensed therein an effective amount of a machine laundry detergent composition in accord with the invention.
  • an effective amount of the detergent composition it is meant from lOg to 300g of product dissolved or dispersed in a wash solution of volume from 5 to 65 liters, as are typical product dosages and wash solution volumes commonly employed in conventional machine laundry methods.
  • Preferred washing machines may be the so-called low-fill machines.
  • the composition is formulated such that it is suitable for hard- surface cleaning or hand washing.
  • the detergent composition is a pretreatment or soaking composition, to be used to pre-treat or soak soiled and stained fabrics.
  • TAS Sodium tallow alkyl sulfate
  • Branched AS branched sodium alkyl sulfate as described in W099/19454
  • C46SAS Sodium C14 - C16 secondary (2,3) alkyl sulfate
  • APA C8 - CIO amido propyl dimethyl amine
  • Soap Sodium linear alkyl carboxylate derived from an 80/20 mixture of tallow and coconut fatty acids
  • NaSKS-6 Crystalline layered silicate of formula d- Na2Si205 Citric acid
  • Anhydrous citric acid Borate Sodium borate Carbonate Anydrous sodium carbonate: particle size 200 ⁇ m to 900 ⁇ m
  • Bicarbonate Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate with a particle size distribution between 400 ⁇ m and 1200 ⁇ m
  • MA/AA Copolymer of 1 :4 maleic/acrylic acid, average m. wt. about 70,000 MA/AA (1 ) :Copolymer of 4:6 maleic/acrylic acid, average m. wt. about 10,000 AA :Sodium polyacrylate polymer of average molecular weight 4,500 CMC :Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Cellulose ether :Methyl cellulose ether with a degree of polymerization of 650 available from
  • Protease Proteolytic enzyme, having 3.3% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO
  • Protease I Proteolytic enzyme, having 4% by weight of active enzyme, as described in WO
  • Alcalase Proteolytic enzyme, having 5.3% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO
  • Amylase Amylolytic enzyme having 1.6% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO
  • Lipase (1) Lipolytic enzyme, having 2.0% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO
  • Endolase Endolase :Endoglucanase enzyme, having 1.5% by weight of active enzyme, sold by
  • PB4 sodium perborate tetrahydrate of nominal fo ⁇ nula NaB02.3H2 O.H202-
  • PB1 Anhydrous sodium perborate bleach of nominal formula NaB02.H 202
  • TAED Tetraacety 1 ethy lenedi amine
  • Photoactivated bleach Sulfonated zinc phthlocyanine encapsulated in bleach ( 1 ) dextrin- sol.pol.
  • Photoactivated bleach Sulfonated alumino phthlocyanine encapsulated in bleach (2) dextrin soluble polymer
  • Brightener 1 Disodium 4,4'-bis(2-sulphostyryl)biphenyl
  • Brightener 2 Disodium 4,4'-bis(4-anilino-6-mo holino-1.3.5-triazin-2-yl)amino) stilbene-
  • PEGx Polyethylene glycol, with a molecular weight of x (typically 4,000)
  • PEO Polyethylene oxide, with an average molecular weight of 50,000
  • PVI Polyvinyl imidosole, with an average molecular weight of 20,000
  • PVP Polyvinylpyrolidone polymer, with an average m. wt. of 60,000 PVNO Polyvinylpy ⁇ dme N-oxide polymer, with an av m wt of 50,000
  • PVPVI Copol of polyvinylpyrohdone and vinyhmidazole (av m wt of 20,000)
  • n from 20 to 30 SRP 1 Amonically end capped poly esters
  • PEI Polyethyleneimine with an average molecular weight of 1800 and an average ethoxylation degree of 7 ethyleneoxy residues per nitrogen Si cone antifoam
  • Opacifier Water based monostyrene latex mixture, sold by BASF Aktiengesellschaft under the tradename Lytron 621 Wax Paraffin wax
  • Step 1 A sufficient number of garments to form a medium load are selected Stains on a garment from sources such as ink, lipstick, salad dressing, collar soil and other similar sources are then identified and selected for pretreatment
  • sources such as ink, lipstick, salad dressing, collar soil and other similar sources
  • pretreatment localized stained areas of the garment are situated over a paper towel and are treated by directly applying about 0.1 to 5 ml (depending on the size of the stain) of a mixture of water and the granular product of Example I, which is gently worked into the garment.
  • excess liquid product may be rinsed off the stain with running cold tap water.
  • Step 2 A conventional, top-loading washing machine is used and the washing machine settings are set on: medium water level (approximately 17 gallons), and a water temperature and agitation setting appropriate to the type and color of garments and their degree of soiling.
  • the washing machine is started so that the drum inside the washing machine begins to fill with water.
  • Step 3 When the washing machine has filled with a sufficient amount of water to raise the water level in the drum to a height of 2 inches, an amount of the granular detergent is added to the water to from a wash liquor. When the detergent composition is added the wash liquor will reach a temporary maximum concentration of about 10,000 ppm. After the washing machine has completed filling with water, the steady-state concentration of the detergent is about 1100 ppm.
  • Step 4 The garments are added to the detergent/water solution (wash liquor).
  • Step 5 When the washing machine has completed all of its cycles, the garments are removed from the washing machine

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Abstract

Le procédé de blanchiment d'articles textiles salis comprend une première étape d'ajout d'une composition détergente granuleuse se composant d'un granule effervescent et d'une matrice détergente vis-à-vis de l'eau de manière à former une liqueur de lavage aqueuse renfermant entre environ 400 ppm et environ 600000 ppm de ladite composition détergente granuleuse. Le granule à effervescence contient une source d'alcali et une source d'acides, et suite à la mise en contact de la composition détergente granuleuse avec de l'eau, une réaction se produit entre la source d'alcali et la source d'acides pour produire un gaz effervescent. Lors de la seconde étape, la liqueur de lavage en une quantité efficace de nettoyage est distribuée homogènement et complètement sur les articles textiles à l'état pratiquement sec.
PCT/US2000/028917 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Procede de lavage utilisant un produit effervescent ajoute avant l'agitation WO2001030952A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MXPA02004211A MXPA02004211A (es) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Metodos de lavado que utilizan un producto efervescente agregado antes de la agitacion.
EP00972273A EP1224250A1 (fr) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Procede de lavage utilisant un produit effervescent ajoute avant l'agitation
BR0015131-9A BR0015131A (pt) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Métodos de lavagem utilizando um produto efeverscente adicionado antes da agitação
JP2001533936A JP2003513152A (ja) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 攪拌前に加える起泡性製品を利用する洗浄法
CA002386253A CA2386253A1 (fr) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Procede de lavage utilisant un produit effervescent ajoute avant l'agitation
AU10957/01A AU1095701A (en) 1999-10-28 2000-10-18 Washing methods utilizing an effervescent product added prior to agitation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16208299P 1999-10-28 1999-10-28
US60/162,082 1999-10-28

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001030952A1 true WO2001030952A1 (fr) 2001-05-03

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EP (1) EP1224250A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003513152A (fr)
CN (1) CN1415006A (fr)
AR (1) AR029186A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1095701A (fr)
BR (1) BR0015131A (fr)
CA (1) CA2386253A1 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA02004211A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001030952A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012197342A (ja) * 2011-03-18 2012-10-18 Lion Corp 粒状洗剤組成物
US8470760B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2013-06-25 Milliken 7 Company Colored speckles for use in granular detergents
US8476216B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2013-07-02 Milliken & Company Colored speckles having delayed release properties

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KR101958462B1 (ko) * 2018-10-26 2019-03-14 신강봉 분리막 세정제 및 분리막 세정방법
CN111205932B (zh) * 2020-01-09 2021-12-14 广州市日用化学工业研究所有限公司 一种存放稳定性高的泡腾型洗涤用品及其制备方法

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US4252664A (en) * 1978-10-30 1981-02-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Effervescent granules
EP0752466A1 (fr) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions détergentes non-aqueuses contenant un système effervescent
WO1998046714A1 (fr) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Particule detergente

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GB811732A (en) * 1955-03-02 1959-04-08 Fettchemie Improvements in or relating to detergent compositions and processes for the manufacture of detergent compositions
US4252664A (en) * 1978-10-30 1981-02-24 Colgate-Palmolive Company Effervescent granules
EP0752466A1 (fr) * 1995-07-05 1997-01-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions détergentes non-aqueuses contenant un système effervescent
WO1998046714A1 (fr) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Particule detergente

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8470760B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2013-06-25 Milliken 7 Company Colored speckles for use in granular detergents
US8476216B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2013-07-02 Milliken & Company Colored speckles having delayed release properties
US8921301B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2014-12-30 Milliken & Company Colored speckles for use in granular detergents
US11649417B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2023-05-16 Milliken & Company Colored speckles for use in granular detergents
JP2012197342A (ja) * 2011-03-18 2012-10-18 Lion Corp 粒状洗剤組成物

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MXPA02004211A (es) 2002-10-17
AU1095701A (en) 2001-05-08
CN1415006A (zh) 2003-04-30
JP2003513152A (ja) 2003-04-08
CA2386253A1 (fr) 2001-05-03
AR029186A1 (es) 2003-06-18
EP1224250A1 (fr) 2002-07-24
BR0015131A (pt) 2002-07-02

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